Manuel Quesada Risk Assessment of Substations

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Manuel Fco. Quesada Quirs PP & PS Regional Service Manager - ABB CA&C

Substation Analysis

o a mros, ower ystems, u stat ons, u y unta ana, om n can ep.

s ssessmen o u s a ons

ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 1


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda

Introduction and a bit of tr ivia

ABB's assessment model

Current situation / Risk Identification / Action Priority Method Importance

NEPLAN in brief

Presentation of assessment Example

ummary



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsABB Substation Services The er etual c cle

Assessment services Retrofit services Support services

Substation

AnalysisDiagnostics Consulting Upgrading Modernization Service contracts Spare parts Training

Substation Services Lifetime extension measures for strengthening

the operational reliability

Status assessment with respect to condition

and importance

Increased efficiency on equipment/system level

Support Services


rgan za ona e c ency ncrease


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsFull Substation covera e

current status and suggests

improvement actions.

Diagnostics applicable whenfurther investigation is required

in order defining current status.

Upgrading and Modernization

in order improving the

operational efficiency



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsWhat lifetime can ou ex ect for substation e ui ment?

Typical economical li fespan of major HV electrical equipment

Substation establishment 50-60 years

Power transformers 45-50 years

Capacitors 40 yearsrcu rea ers years

Instrument transformers 45 years

Control & Protection systems 15-30 years

Telecommunication 10-12,5 years

Transmission lines 45-60 years

-

Source: Sinclair Knight Merz (SKM)

Economical lifespan: Period over which an asset (machine, property, computer system etc.) is expected to

be usable, with normal repairs and maintenance, for the purpose it was acquired, rented or leased for

usuall less than the assets h sical lifetime.

Lifetime extension is possible provided well maintained and if proper actions

are performed in time!


Would you consider lifetime extension instead of replacement?


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsDeferred maintenance is a lobal henomenon


Life goes on, but expected lifetime is not likely to be reached...


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSeen and heard in substations throu h the ears ...

Open terminal blocks in a since many years energized substation

"The sound of the alarm system was so annoying that we opened some

terminal blocks

Being the battery charger alerting for charging failure, perhaps nota mpor an ... r g ere an en

Exterior padlock on emergency exit from the 380kV GIS hall

"

Yes, but what happens the day someone really needs to get out

quickly..?

Heaters in operating mechanisms disconnected

"We have a tropical climate so it never gets really cold here , ..



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA substation needed directional earth fault rotection on the 69kV lines

So what to do? Of course, you fix a.s.a.p an "open delta...


It is all a matter of Risk Management!


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsRisk mana ement is nothin new but its im ortance is stron l rowin


Systems perspective would be needed to get it together!


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsRisk mana ement with s stems ers ective..?

Very well maintained circuit breakers, but yet in conjunction to those:


Current transformers quite likely to soon explode (gaskets above oil level) Disconnect switches with heavily corroded clamps and dry contacts


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsAddressin the Substation owner

Are you aware of the condition of your substation?

What components are most likely to fail, and when?

o you now w a equ pmen a w g ve e severes

consequences in your network at failure and why?

How would a potential failure affect grid stability?

Are you performing maintenance adapted to specific operationalconditions in your substation?

Is our or anization re ared to resolve an ex ected or unex ected

situation that may occur in your substation?



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ABB's Assessment Model

Current situation / Risk Identification / Action

Priority Method Importance

NEPLAN in brief

Presentation of assessment

Example

ummary



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSummar of the Assessment Model

Condition & Importance Risk Matrix

NEPLAN Maintenance

knowledge bank

Development

Production Supply

(including

feedback from

end user)

Products and systems

Civil works

From customer questionnaire:

Operating experience

Current status

Risk identification

Recommended actions

List of Priority


feedback

Importance information


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSubstation owner rovides the im ortance factor

=WLE1 =WLE2

-F3

-T36

-Q11

-F3

-T36

-Q11(I = 75%) (I = 60%)

-T11

-Q1

-T11

-Q1

I = 75%

-Q10 -Q10

- - - - -

=

-=T1 =T2

- - - - - -

-Q11

-T11

-Q11

-T11

(I = 80%) (I = 50%)

132/10kV -Q11


All equipment within the same bay has the same Importance factor (0-100%)


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsAll e ui ment lotted in a risk matrix

Condition is assessed by ABB and

is based on:

A lication & desi n

Equipment with high ri sk is plott ed in the red field.

Recommendations: Retrofi t, replacement or deeper

diagnostics

Environment

Number of operations and short

circuits

Operational experienceEquipment with medium risk is plotted in the yellow field.

Recommendations: Increased maintenance and

Availability of spare parts andexpertise

Personal safety

Etc.

agnos cs, n some cases re ro or rep acemen

depending on the impor tance.

Equipment with low risk is plot ted in the green field.

Recommendations: visual inspection or normal

maintenance depending of the impor tance.

Importance is given by the substation owner


Environmental impact Economical factors for the user e.g loss of production and

Liquidated damages.

Etc.


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NEPLAN in brief


Example

ummary



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSubstation Anal sis

SubstationVisual inspection of Feedback from

assessment ant owner

Diagnostic and / or

-

Recommended actions

OHS Civil works

Transformer &

Tap Changer HV MV & LV Relay & Control

in specific areas

Recommended actions

Transformer

-


Current situation, hazards and actions are identified. Only priority is missing ...


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NEPLAN in brief


Example

ummary



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Risk Assessment of Substations"Find five errors" in a Substation from 1980 ...



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Risk Assessment of Substations"Find five errors" in a Substation from 2001



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsWhich lant should be rioritized?

If the focus is condition: No doubt the station from 1980 But will condition based assessment give a completely accurate picture ..?

Its importance in the network, or the consequences of a failure, must be

identified ABB assessment model is based on Reliability Centered Maintenance principles



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsMaintenance strate ies TBM CBM or RCM

Poor

The Condition depends on.: Age of equipment Spare parts availability

Time Based Maintenance (TBM): Based on expected life time

C

ondition

Service experience of sametype of equipment

Experience feed back fromservice personnel

Yearly service and

recommended time intervals

Replacement according to age.

All equipment which has reached expected

Good

maintenance cost New rules and legislations Etc.

.

Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) Based on the condition

Maintenance and re lacement de end on the

assessed condition

Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) Based on both condition and importance.

consequences of a failure

Liquidated damages

Type of client Cost of replacement

Maintenance and replacement depend on

assessment of both condition and importance

n ury o ersonne r par y Environmental impact Image of Company Etc.


ImportanceLow High


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsMaintenance strate ies From CBM to RCM

Poor

C

ondition

Good

Reliability Centered Maintenance

Is a method to determine the most

cost effective maintenance strategyfor a specific equipment. Based ontheir service environment

Risk


ImportanceLow High


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsPrioritized actions based on RCM

Condition Based Maintenance Considers condition only

100 (poor)

CReplacement

3

1

2

1 5

the sequence of actions: Replacement of 3

Replacement of 2

c1

c2 c3

c4

c5C

ondition

Maintenance

4 5

ep acemen o

Maintenance on 4

Maintenance on 5

0 (good)

Inspection

Reliability Centered Maintenance Considers the risk i.e. both Condition

100%

1

2 3

Random equipment

1Re lacement

.

Risk levels r1.r5 determine the

sequence of actions: Maintenance on 5C

ondition

4 5

ctio

nr1

r2 r3

r5 Maintenance

Replacement of 3

Maintenance on 4

Replacement of 2

Fault correction of 1Faultcorr

Inspection


Importance 100%(High)

0


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NEPLAN in brief


Example

ummary



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsBasic information about the e ui ment



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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe condition is defined at individual level


Ri k A t f S b t ti


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe im ortance is set as defined b substation owner


Ri k A t f S b t ti


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NEPLAN in brief


Example

ummary


Ri k A t f S b t ti


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe assessment is resented in er t e of e ui ment

General information Briefly about situation in actual equipment

,

for actual type of equipment

Result of risk assessment All involved equipment plotted in a diagram

according to its condition and importance

Equipment with risk factor 65 is high-

lighted in a separate table


Risk Assessment of Substations


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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe assessment is resented in er t e of e ui ment

Recommendations Information about each t e of

equipment; history, access to spares and

expertise etc.

Highlighting respective types risk

Recommended actions




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NEPLAN in brief


Example

ummary




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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe stor of how an EDF-breaker com letel undeservedl ended u as red.

Healthy EDF52 from 1995

Not exceptionally important

Why, does it appear in red zone?

Let's examine the facts:

Two hand operated NRB-DS are

mounted directl above the breaker.

The operational rod for the NRB is notvertical due to land subsidence and

warped pilings rea orce mus e app e a

operation, which may cause parts of the

NRB to crack and fall down.

EDF-breaker is pressurized: It will explode if hit by falling objects!

Recommendations:

Find alternative place for the NRB


Fix warped pilings



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NEPLAN in brief


Example

ummary




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ABB assessment model provides :

Knowledge of what equipment that will give the severest

An objective risk assessment which enables effective planning of

maintenance investment both by condition and importance,

. .. .

Mapping of the substations all objects in a risk matrix that suggests achronological order for future maintenance and action.

ssessment mo e ase on t e co ect ve exper ence rom more

than 100 years of development, production and delivery of electrical

infrastructure and experience feedback from users.



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Manuel Quesada Risk Assessment of Substations

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