Manual Vest Pocket 1

7/27/2019 Manual Vest Pocket 1

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" If lt isn't an Eastman, .istt ' t a Kodak." ,I:'i

Picture Taking with the

Vest PocketAutographicKodakSpecial

Kodak Anastigmat Lenst .7.7

4 Manulactured byi Eastman Kodak Company.t Rochester,N. y.


3/23

KODAKTrade -lIark. 13Jt.

EASTMAN KODAK CO}TP.{\Y.Rocnrs'rnn. N. Y.

Mexur-lct:unsRs oFKodaks.Brownie Caineras.Kodiopticons,Kodak Fi lm'Ianks,Kodak Dry Mounting Tissue.Velox Paper,Eastman Film,Eastman Solio Paper,. Eastman Ferro-Prussiate papet.Eastman Velvet Bromide paper,Eastman Brilliant Velvet Bromide paper,Easturan Royal Bromide paper,Eastman Standard Bromide paper,Eastman Platino Bromide paper,Eastman Enameled Bromide paper.Eastman Matte-Enamel Bromide paper,Eastman I'ested Chemicals,Tripods andOther Special t ies.

T RA DE ] } IA RK S RE G. U. S . P A T , OF F .

- l larcl t . 13lr i .

. .KODAKERY"A monthly magazine that teaches how tomake better pictures wil l be sent FREE OFCfIARGE to every one who p,rr"tr*r"" o*?orrr amateur cameras from a dealer in photo_

graphic goods, provicled this blank is fiil;;;;and sent to us within g0 days of the date thecamera was purchased.AsTMANKour CouplNy.

To rIIE EAsrlrrAN ooex Co., Rochester,N. y._^ T n a ( , do r dance_ v i t h vo r r r o f f e r , p l ease p lace rnv13,.1,"n the mail ing l i ic for . .K,ro..r.kenv.;i* i i i i f r illl$ifi'tLil?,?lhat rrer,'s to r,e o'eo-i;;";,;i'i

I

F

(Kind of Camera)

W'ritename anda,ddressPlainll.

)\I\fi-#rltu*Ti'';"tfi*il;t*:l';

Form No. 338.16.



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:Picture Takingwith the

VEST POCKETAUTOGRAPHICKODAK, Special

Kodak Anastigmat Lens,t .7.7

Publ ished by theEASTMAN KODAK COMPANY,

Rochester, N. Y.


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ORDER FILMB Y N U M B E RAl l Kodak Films may be clistinguishecl by

the numbers on the ends of the cartons,The number for film for the Vest Pocket

Autographic Kodak Speci,al isA-127

NOTICEr\utographic film can be used in old style

Kodaks. old style film can be used in Auto-graphic Kodnks, but to get trutographic re-sulfs Autognrphic film must be used in anAutographic Kodzlk.

BEFORE LOADING.Before taking any pictures with the VestPocket Autographic Kodak Spectal, f .7.7, readthe fol lowing instruct ions careful ly and makeyourself perfectly familiar with the instru-ment, taking especial care to learn horv tooperate the shutter Work it for both timeand instantaneous exposures several t imesbefore threading up the lilm.The flrst ancl most important thing for theamateur to bear in mirrd is that the lightwhich serves to impress the photographicimage upon the sensit ive f i Im in a smal l frac-tion of a secotrrl when it comes through thelens, can destroy the film as quickly as it

makes the picture. -\fter the film has beendeveloped and al l cleueloper thorou,ghtuwashectrout, it ma1-be quickly transferred ir rsubdued white light to the fixing bath withoutinjury. 'Ihroughout all the operation of load-ing and unloacling, lte extrernely careful tokeep the red paper rvound tightly around thefi lm to prevent the adrnissionof l iEht.E.\ST\I, \N KODAK COMPANY.



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PART I .LOADINGTHE KODAK.

CONTENTS.

Panr l-Loading.P . rn l I l -Mak ing t l te Exposurcs .P,rnr I I l -Removing the Fi lm.P,r.nr lV-Developing.I'.lnr V-Printing on Velox Paper.P,rnr Vl-Mounting.

fhe f i lm for the Vest PocketAutographic Kodak Special , . f .7.1is furnished in l ight proof cart-r idges ancl the instrument cantherefore be loadcd in clayl ight.'I'he operation should, holvever, beperformed irr a subduecl l ight, notin Lheglare of bright surr light. I tshould also be borne iu mind thatafter the seal is broken care mustbe t:rken to keep the red paper tauton the spool, otherwise i t may sl ipancl loosen suffrcientl5' to fog thefilm.

Tnn Fnu.No. A-127


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The Autographic FiIm Cartridge is madervi th a thin rcd instead of the famil iar thickrcd and black (duplex) paper. The thin redpaper is rrot light proof in itself. Betrveen itand tbe film is inserted a strip of tissue. Thist issuc serves two purposcs: To supplemcntthe red paper in light proofing the cartridge,and to permit the rt'cording, by light, of thewri t ing upon the fi lm.

O P E N I N G T H E K O D A K .I. Take a position as far as possible fromany window. Hold Kodak in the left handand pul l back catch in center of top of in-

strument, See Fig. I.

Frc . I I .RruovrNc Top.

Loosen top by gently lifting up wiilr boththumbs, and remove by pressing up withforefingers as shown in Fig. II .

Frc . l I I .II. In the film pocket at one end of the

Kodak wil l be seen a metal spool having a slitiu. i t , This is the reel. which must now beremoved irs the cartridge is to be inserted inthis pocket.

III. Remove metal spool by catching itn'ith the thumb and forelinger of the rigbthand, arrd l i f t same out. See Fig. I I I .

IV. Remove the gummed slip that holdsthe end of red paper, from the cartridge, andthread tapered end of red paper into the slotof the empty spool, so tha,t the sli,t itt, the end,I oJ spool tui.l,l, e at the top, tuhile ct't .the sametime the slit a,t encl, of full, spool, taill be at thebottom oJ the cartridge. Then give the emptyspool three or four turns, or until the black

( 6 ) (7)



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u us.org c non

line on outside of paper is reached, at thesame timc being careful that the paper drawsstraight and true. Sce Fig. IV.

V. The camcra may now be loaded by flrstunrolling about four inches of the red paperand thcn lowering the two spools into thefilm pockets at each end of the instrument,

Frc. V.allowing the red paperr between the two, toslide down into the slot at back of instru-ment. See Fig:. V.

Nornr It willbe found that by inserting theempty spool into it s respective pocket first, fo rabout one-quarter of an inch, that the red paperwjll more readily slip into the slot without dang.erof tearing'.(8 )

VI. After spools have been lowered intotlre pockets, push both as far dolvn as poss;-ble in order that the tension springs at tlieside of the film pockets may hold thern securelSin place, creating suff ic ient drag to draw tlefllm taut, and afford perfect register of focaiplane.The paper should now be in position asshown in Fis. VI.

Frc . V I .SnowrNc PosrrroN op PlPrn.

VII. Replace top of Kodak by reversingopcrat ion shown in Fig. I I , Page 6.Before fasterring the catch, however, pressdown slightly on ttrp and turn winding kcytoward front of Kodak, until the web on thekcy engages in slit in top of spool. The top ofKodak wil l not go ful ly into place unti lwinding web is thus seated. (Whethcrweb isseated or not may be readily determined bywatching through the little window to seewhcther or not the paper moves when key isturned). Then sl ide catch over to secure.top.

NoTE: I f cover is not properly ff t ted, Iight wi l lbe adrnitted to the fllrrr,Throughout the Joregoi,ng opera,tions, fromthe tim,e tlrc gu,mnted slitrt is cut on ,the fresltroll of fr.lnzunti,l th,e o(t is once more in place,lceep h.e ed paper wound, tightla on the roll.If it is ctllowed, to loosen, light wiU bead,mitted, and the film fogged,.

(e)


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Frc . V I I .VIII. The roll of film in the camera iscovered with red paper and ttris must bereeled off before a picture can be taken, Turnthe key slowly toward front of Kodak andwateh in the little red window at the back of

the camera. See Fig. VII.

PART II .MAKING THE EXPOSURES.

A/n

Before making an exposure with the VestPocket Autographic Kodak Srtecial, :f.7.7,ei ther time or instantaneous, be sure of threet l r i n g s :

Frnsr-That the shutter is adjusted properly.(For time. instantaneousor bulb exposnres,a,sdesired.) (n)

:IF 'tt.When 15 o l8 half-turns have been given, ahand point ing toward the No. I exposure wil lappear, then turn slowly until the figure 1appears before the window.The film is now in position for making thefirst picture. (ro)



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Sncosn-'Ihat the diaphragm stop is set att l te proper opening,Tnrnn-That an unexposed section of thef i lm rs tumed into posit ion.

SECTION I .Opera t ing the Shut ter .Perfect familiarity with the shutter is essen-tial to successful picture taking with anycamera.

As the shutter on the Vest Pocket Auto-graphic Kodak Special, f 7.7, s equippecl wiilrthe Autotime Scale, the following directionsshould be carefully reacl ancl the shutter oper-atecl several times before threadinE the filnrup for use.

D i rec t ions Ior Us ing the Auto t imeSca le in Connect ion wi th theVest Pocket Autograph icKodak Special , f 7.7.I. This shutter is always set. To make anexposure simply place the indicator .,A" atthe point desired (for kind of exposure) andpress dolvn on spring actuateci lever locatedimmediately back of the camera front.

, N oT E- \ \ ' hen . r nak i nE the ex pos l t r e . r r es s he s hu t _{ :e l ' . lever .s10, r l i l . o Rs to avoid . iar r i r rg the Kodak.If.the Koda.k is rro[ he]d steadiiy a Ut-urieif tl;til;w i l l resul t .Indicator A at "T" sets fo r time exposure.Press the lever lirmly. This opens the shut_ter. Time exposure by a watch. Again pressthe lever. This closes the shutter. Great careshould be taken not to ja r the camera.

Indicator at "B" makes bulb exposure' theshutter remaining open as long as the lever isheld down and closing when it is released'Inclicator at 25 ot 50 gives speed of approxi-mately 1'25and 1 50 of a secorrd'

K ind o i L igh t .'I'oP Soarn.

II. OnntNanv INsrlxrlxnous Exposunrs-Set indicator A according to the kind of l ight '" B r i l l i an t " or "C lear . "

BnrrruNr-Or intense sunshine' llse onlglvhen sunshine is clear and intense ancl isshining directly on the principal part of thepicture,

Cr,n,rn This is used for al l ordinary sunshineand also for intense sunshine, when it is ztofshining directly on principal part of pictureor lvhen part of the subjeet is in shadow.

When the subject is in the shadow or duringcloudy weather, it will be necessary to makea time exposure, in order to obtain a sufficientillumination-under such conditions the cam''era should be set on some steady support andthe indicator set at "T" or "B" as the judgmentof the operator may direct.

With "brilliant" or "clear" the camera maybe held in the hands.

K ind oI P ic ture .Borrou Soaln.I I I ' set indicator "8" according:to kind ofpicture.

Crouns-Use this division for no othersubjects.

03)rz)


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f I -rnrxr: \ 'rr-n-- When vierv is nearly allrvater. s. i th ships or yachts at a long distance,This division may also be used for distantviex's, such as landscapes, mountain vieu.s,etc., n'here the r l 'hole vierv is removed somedistance. or in other words, a general view,tr: i t l tout a principal object in the foreground.Excrprros-]Iarine or distant views may betaken at open lens and instantaneous r,vhencondit ions ret luire i t , such as from decks ofmoving r-esselsvhen the l ight is poor.

Avtnrcn Yrr.n- I'onrnlrr-A Eencral lancl-' scape u:i,tlt ct prittcipct"l object in the fore.gt'ound, the general landscape being in ilrenature of a background to i l re principalobject. For viervs ess han one hundred feetdistance and for general portrai ture.When the subject is on the shady side of abuildingrvith good reflected light se t ilre lowerpointer at Portrai t and use "Clear" for t i rne.MovrNc On;rc.rs-Uset for al l moving objects

and for al l near viervs rvhere ilre principalobject does not receive the direct l rght of thesun or sky. Use also for near objects of gen-eral red, green, brown or black color.. No lc - l i x1 ,osel l rvur .s o l . t l re l r r ine ip ls l ub iec ti l r I nc ) tc ture r ic l r uu rv sh o br ins , u t .. Genera l .

IV. Moving objects recluire .ilre use of"bri l l iant" and "moving objects."Ordinary moving objects, such as peoplewalking, street traff ic, etc., can be taken wii l r"bri l l iant" or "clear" ancl "moving objects."

In case it is clesirable to cut dorvn the aper-ture in orcler to gain th full depth of the focusof your lens it is only necessarlr to move theindicator "8" to "clouds" or stop !- '32 andmake a short time exposure setting indicatorA at ,,'f" or ..8", as the judgment of theoperator maY direct.

In cities where the light is rnodified by ltighbuildings use slightll' largel aperture thanindicated.

The markings are f or Summer at mid-day'During Winter or for morning or afternoonrrse next larger aperture than indicated'

SECTION I I .If prefelrecl the following instructions may

be t tse t l . " S n a P S h o t s "!'or trll ordinary Instantaneous Exposures'Frnsr-Set the indicator A at 25 or 50 ' This

adjusts the shutter fo r instantaneous expo-sures of 1-25and 1-50of a second'

Sr:coNn-Set the indicabor B at f i'7' LeverB controls the Iris diaphragm, and /'7'7 is tltt:proper opening for ordintrry instantaneousexposures.'furnu-Press clown on spring actuated lever,immediately back of camera front' Thisrnakes the exPosure.

Norr: In bright light, se t the lever at t)0,. reh i ebeF t s t ' ee ( I . l l l m o l e s l l l l dued l i An t s s e r au z D 'i rL i i do ni ' t a. t l ,et)t l )c o lnake anI i l ls tant 'aneuusexposltres in very dull light.(14) (15)



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Time Exposures .F-rnsr-Set i l re levcr A at i l re point T (t imd.'I 'his ndjrrsts hc shutter for t ime exposures.Srcoro-Set the leYerB ^t . f .7 .7 ,11, 6 , 22or3?. accordine to i l re t ime of exposure andnature of srr l t ject. See instruct ions for use ofstops, page gJ.

Trrrno-Press down on spring actuaterl lever.Tl t is opens tl ie shutter. ' l ime exposlrc blr awatch. Aeain press the lever. This


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What Depth o l Focus Means.Suppose norv that you are using your Anas_tigmat at the ful l opening./ . f . f . An object t0feet distant x' i l l be absolutely sharp, objects6 and 25 feet distant, rvhi le not as sharp, wil lbe sharp enough for al l ilractical purposes.

Stop your Anastigmat down to /. f1. andthose objects each side of i l re exact point offocus wil l rnaterial ly increase in sharpness.Go further arrd use stop f.zL, or a still smallerstop, and cverything from 5 feet on to infinitywill be sharp. It will thus be seen ilrat ilresrnal ler he stop the greatcr the depth of focus,i. e. , the greater ilre power of ilre lens tc,sharply deline. But it is obvious ilrat withthe small stops the exposure must be cor-respondingly lengtherrecl.

ANASTIGMAT SPEED.IJsing a stop of f.tl. or smaller, the advan_tages of the Anastigmat over ilre \.{eniscus

Achromatic lens is an improvement in dcl ini_tion and in the corrections of lines, But letus suppose that we desire to take a picture ona cloudy day. What do we find? The /,value of the lens denotes the relat ion of theopening in that lens to i ts focal length. Sup-pose then, that we are using the NleniscusAchromatic lens, (3 inch focus), speed /.u.e,and an Anastigmat lens, speed, /.?.2 of thesame length of focus, 3 inches. How do theycompare in speed ? To reduce this to itssimplest terms, we will divide ilre focal

length (three inches) in each case b] ' thevalue. g '.- ll.8:2653':- 7.7--389

It will thus be seen that in using the l'Ienis-cus lens the largesb opening is 265-1000 f aninch in diameter and, rvi th the Anastigmat389-1000 f an inch, I'he amount of ligltt aci-mitted by a lens in a given time depencls, ofcourse, upon the area of the opening at th:rtt ime being used n that lens. The amount oflight admitted in a given time with the-sedifferent lenses would, therefore, be in directproportion to the square of their diameters.flere, then, ornitting the fractions, is theresult :

f,,IeniscusAchromatic lens 265x 265: 102Anastigmat Ierrs, 389x 389:1513

We thus find that the speed of the Anastig-mat is double thespeed of the \ ' Ieniscus ens,it therefore admits twice as much light as UreMeniscus in a given amourrt of time. Thereinlies the greatest Anastigmat advantage. Butsimply because it has t l t is speed, you don'tahvays need to use it. The speed must beuscd rvith discretion, just as greater care is re-quired in operating ar r automobile than inoperat ing a bicycle.

Under conditions that would give you goodresults with a l leniscus lens at l .11.3, use stop/.11, with your Ar.rastigmat, don't use thelargest opening for every occasion use itonly for emergency. Your greatest Anastig-(18) ( e)



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mat adr-antage lies in thc fact ilrat when thel igirt is so poor that you cannot gct a properlytirned negatir-e rvith your Nleniscus Icns at itsgreatest opening,/ .11.3, withoutresort ing to atime exposure, you can open up your Anas-t igmat to i ts ful l openirrg and get a successfulsnap shot.A LAW OF OPTICS.

The larger the stop opening, the less depthoffocus. This is not arule covering any par.ticular lens that \,ve or anyone else exploits.It's as fixed as the course of the planets.\Yith a large opening, depth of focus must bcsacri f iced. In this matter of opening, then,t l re di f f lercnce betrveen tlre ]\ Icniscus arrd i l rcAnastigmat is this: I'he Anastigmat will cutshzrrp on objects over the entire picture, wiilra large opening, admitt ing a large amount ofl ight, thus requir ing a relat ively short ex-posure ; but when this large operring is used,there is no great depth of focus. (With thevery short focus lenses, however. such as areused on the Vest Pocket Autographic Koclak,this qual i ty is negl igible). The N{eniscus ensrvill no t cut the errtire picture sharp with itslargest opening. With the srnaller openings,as /.11., etc., the Anastigrnat has grcaterdepth of focus and gives sharper clefinitionover the entire picture.

D E D U C T I O N S .It is perfect ly evident then that it is best touse only a moderately Iarge stop opening,(say /.ff ) even with the Anastigmat, :and

tirne accordingly when conditions will permit.Horvever. when the light is dull and a snapshot is desired, the full opening may be used.

S E C T I O N I I I .Ins tantaneous Exposures .("SN.qpSnors.")

In taking instantaneous exposures theobjectshould be in the broad, operr sunlight, bu t thecamera should not. l'he sun should be behindthe back or over the shoulder of the operator.If it shines directly into the lens it will blurand fog the picture,

(zr)www.butkus.org/chinon@o)


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Opening and Focus ing the Camera.I. Grasp the instrument in the left hand,and 'lvith the thumb and forefinger of theright hand, take hold of the lips at right andleft of front. See [' iE. I .

Frc . ILII . Extend bel lows by pul l ing out front tolimit of motion with a firm, quick movement,being sure that it drarvs out straigbt and true.The camera is then in focus. See Fig. ILTo make a vertical picture, aim the cameraat the object to be photographed and locatethe image in the finder. See l'ig. III.

l ' rc . I I I .Always look into the finder from directly

over it, not a't a,rLangle. 'lhefinder shows thescope of view and is a facsimile of what thepicture will be . I{olcl the camera steady' asthe least jarring will cause a blurred negative-hold it level as shown in Fig. III' and pressth,e leuer. This molces tlrc erposu're'To make a horizontal picture, reverse thefindcr ancl hold Koclak as shown in Fig' IV '

Any object that does not showwill not show in the Picture.(22) (ss)

in the findgr



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EEIlfW INCLUDi:D u Ha\ llAKlNC VIE\V INCLUDED !i/HEN MAKINC

A HORIZO\TAL PiCTIRL A VERTICALPICTURE.F'rc. V.

I t wi l l be noticed that the top of the { inderis notched as shown in Fig. V, This is done st rthat the one linder will correctly show thcview included rvhen the Kodak is held ineither horizontal or vertical position. As thepicture taken rvith the Vest Pocket Auto-graphic Kodak Speci.al is oblong it will readilybe seen that unless the finder was made irrthis rnanner, it lvould not correctly show theexact view intende


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Fr t ; . V l I .

THE AUTOGRAPHIC FEATURE.The Autographic Kodak has a small tlooron the back, covering a narrow slot tlrroughwhich the wri t ing is done upon the red paper.

The siot is provided witb an automatic safetyspring border which operates when the dooris open to press the papers into contact withback of the film, thus securing thb sharp print-ing of the image of the writing and preventihgthe diffusion of li ght around the edges of theslot. This slot is located so that normally thewriting comes between the exposures.

:#Frc ' V I I I .

Position of pencil (or stylus) when wtiting recorddata on Autographic Film Cartridgeusedin AutograPhic Kodak'

THE OPERATION.After the picture is taken open the door, byl i f t ing it upwardswith the thumb. (F g. vII ')

Use the stylus, or a smooth pointed pencil'hetd in as upright a position as is convenient,and write on the strip of exposed red paperany memorandum desired, such as the title ofthe pieture, the date, or details in regard tothe exposure, light, stops, etc. (Fig. VIII.)

The following " Autoeiraphic Reibrd Strip "is printecl merely to suggest a few of thethousand and one ways in which autographicrecords may be used to add value to yournegatives. o1\(26)



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, 4+h- 11. B0r


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name on ti ie red paper, expose t to the sky thesame as rras done s'hen making the exposurerecords, then close the door and f inish wind-ing f i lm ancl red paper for removal from theKodak. Your f i im is now ready to send toyourrinisher, and when developed wil l be readi lyidentified br - the autographic copy of yourname s'h;cir 1-ou wrote on the rcd paper.Close the door before winding a new film intop lace.

S E C T I O N I V .T i m e E x p o s u r e s - I n t e r i o r s .

1. \ \ 'hen it is desired to make a vert icalexposure. pull dolvn the lever underneathlou'er part of front, which will act as a sup-port, and place camera in posit ion on someflrm base, such as a chair or table, as shownin Fie. I .

Frc . I .M,rxrxc l Trun Exposunn.

will embrace the view desired' The diagramshows the proper positions for the camera'ii ttto"fa "o t u" pointed directly at a window'

Dr.lcn.au SnowrNo Posrrroxs on Clunu'as the glare of light will blur the picture' Ifui r ir't" *i"aows cannot be al'oided'

pull downthe shades of such as come wiurin the rangeof the camera.

When it is desired to make a horizontal timeexposure, place camera as shown in Fig' I I '

F rc ' I I 'Al l beiirg in readiness, se t the slrutter as

described on page 16 ' push the lever' once to.O"" ""a tgultt to close the shutter' l]imethe exPosure bY a watch'

(31)

t \

G0)



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Another Method.Another wayof making short.time exposureswhich has much to recommend it is as f ollows :Hold the palm of the hand before the frontof the Koclak, so as to cover the lens and ex-clude al l l ight (seeFig. I I I) . Press he reiease

to open the shutter; remove the hand anclgive the proper exposure; replace the handin front of lens and again press the release toclose shutter,

Frc . I I1 .Some experienced amateurs prefer thismethod with any camera not having a pneu-matic release, as it pract ical ly does away with

all danger of jarr ing the instrument duringexposure,and thus blurr ing the picture.Tunr rnl; Kr:y.After making the Autographic record, turna new fihn into position, as descnbed befoie.

See page 29,Tun Kon.l,x rs Nor'v Rr,:.lr>y ,'on rsn Nr,:xrIxrunron Exposunr.

Follow the directions given heretofore foreach successive exPosure.\,Vhen the last Interior Exposure is made'adjust the shutter fo r instantaneous exposuresas before directed.

T ime Needed lor In ter io r Exposures 'Tlie following table gives the time of theexposure requirecl under varying conditions oftlght with stop /.10 in the lens' If stop /'1r isused, give only one-half the time' with /'7'7give one-fourth the time, if stop f'22 is usedgive twice the time of the table, al f '32 giveiour times the time of the table' 'fhe smallerthe stop the sharper the picture' Stop No' 16gives the best average results for interiors'White walls and more than one window:bright sun outsicle,- seconds;hazy sun' l0seconds;ctctiidY rjght, 20seconds;cloudy dull, 40seconds'White walls and onlY one window l

brie'ht sun outside, 6 seconds;'haaYsun.15seeon'Is; -ctorittYbright' :10 econds;cloudYdull. 60seconds'Medium colored walls and hangings and morethan one window:

brisht sun outside' 8 seconds;hal.Ysun, 20seconds;clori t t .Y r ignt ' 40secon(ls;cloudi dull, 80seconds'Medium' colored walls and hangings and orrlyone window:briEht sun outside, 12seconds;hazy sun, 30seconds;cloridYbright, 60seconds;cloudYdull' 120 econds'

\-(32) (3r)

same as


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Dark colored walls ancl liangings arcl nroret l ran one x' indolr ' :br igl i t sunoutside, 0 econds;hazl 'sun,40 econds;cloud-v ri ght, 80seconds


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FLASH LIGHT PICTURES.By the introduction of llastman Flash Sheets,picture taking at night has been wonderfullysimplifled. A package of flash sheets, a pieceof cardboard, a pin and a match complete thelist of essential extras, although a Kodak Flash

Sheet Holder is a great convenience.With flash sheets no lamp is necessary, thereis a minimum of smoke and ttrey are far saferthan any other self-burning flash mediums,besides giving a softer light that is less tryingto the eyes.Many interiors can be taken with the flasbsheets that are impracticable by daylight,

either by reason of a lack of illumination orbecause there are windows in the direct lineof view which cannot be darkened sufficientlyto prevent the blurring of the picture.Evening parties, groups around a dinner orcard table, or single portraits may be readilymade by the use of our fl ash sheets, thusenabling the amateur to obtain souvenirs ofmany occasions, which, but for the flash lightwould be quite beyond the range of the art.Preparat ion for the Flash.

The camera should be prepared for timeelposure, as directed on page l6 of this Manual(except that stop /.11 must be used), andplaced on some level support where, it willtake in the view desired.

Pin a flash sheet by one corner to a piece ofcardboard which has previously been fixed ina perpendicular position. If the cardboard is/s6)

white it willthe strength of the flash.The flash sheet should ct'ltno,gsbe placed twofeet behind. and two or three feet to one sideof the camera. If placed infront, or on a linewith front of Kodak, the flash would strikethe lens and blur the picture. It should beplaced at one side as well as behind' so as tothrow a shadow and give a little relief in thelightins. The flash should be at the sameheight or a little higher than the camera'The supportupon which the flash is to be madeshould not project fa r enough in front of it tocastashadowinfrontof the Kodak. Anextrapiece of cardboard & footsquare placed underthe fl ashsheet'rvill prevent any sparks from theflash doing damage. However, by using theKodak Flash Sheet Hold0f'

al l these contingencies aretaken care of , and westrongly advise its use.

The Kodak FlashSheet Holder.

This holder may be heldin thehand, crlua'EsbetweenEou ond, the l o,sh heet. Orit may be used on any KG'

dak tripod, being provided with a socket fo rthat purpose. The sheet is placed in positionin the center of the larger pan or i the roundopening which has a raised saw-tooth edge ex 'tending half way around it . Press with thethumb on the sheet, so a slight break is madeand a portion of the sheet projects partially(3?)

s

through the opening. Then to insure the


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shects being more securely fastened pressaround the notched edge, forcing this portionof flash sheet firmly into position on the pan.'I'hen toset of the flash, merely insert a liglrtedmatch, from behind, through the roundopening.Taking the Picture.

Having the Kodak and the flash sheet bothin position and all being in readiness, open thecamera shutter, stand at arm's length andtouch a match, from behind, through theround opening in the center.Norr : If J'ou&renot using the Kodak I'lash SheetI{older, place he match in a split stick a,t east t$'ofeet long.There will be a bright flash which will im-press the picture on the sensitive film. Thenclose the shutter, make the autographic rec-ord, and turn a fresh film into place with thekey, ready for another picture.

The Flash Sheet.The size of the sheet required to light a roomvaries with the distance of the object farthestfrom the camera, and the color of tlte wallsand hangings.

T ab l e .l 'or l0 feet distance and light walls andu s e l N o . l s h e e t .For 10 feet disttr,rce and dark rvalls andu s e l N o . 2 s h e e t .tror 15 feet distance and light walls andu s e l N o . 2 s h e e t .Fo r 't 5 feet distance and dark rva,lls anclu s e l N o . 3 s h e e t .

hangings,hangings,haagings,hangings,

NoTE: Never use more than one sheet a, t a tirne inthe Kodak Flash Sheet llorder..

To M.a.xr A PonrRArr-Place the sitter in achair partly facing the Kodak (which shouidbe located sliglrtly higher than an ordinarytable) and turn the face slighUy towards theinstrument, having the eyes centered on anobject at the samb level with the lens. Theprdper distance from the camera to the sub-ject can be ascertained by looking at theimage in the finder. For a three-quarterpicture this will be from 6 to 8 feet, and for afull figure from 8 to 10 eet.The flash should be on the side of the Kodakaway from the face, that is, the sitter shouldnot face it. The flash should no t be higherthan the head of the sitter.For using the Portrait Attachment. seepage 34.

To Maxr: .a ,Gnoup-Arrange the chairs in theform of an arc,facing the Kodak, so that eachchair wil l be exactly the same distance fromthe camera. Half the persons composing tltegroup should be seated and the rest shouldstand behind the chairs. If the group is largeany nuurber of chairs may be used, but noneof the subjects should be seated on the floor.as sometimes seen in large pictures, becausethe perspective would be too violent.

Blcxcnouxos-In making single portraits orgroups, care should be taken to have asuitablebackground against which the figur6 will showin relief; a light background is better than adark one, and often a single figure or two willshow up well against alace curtain. Forlargergroups a medium light wall will be suitable.

Il

$I(38) (3e)


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