Sponge

• The first ten amendments of the Constitution are known as_____.

• Which amendment • allowed women to vote.• Lowered the voting age to 18• Prohibited alcohol• Provided equal protection under law

Manifest Destiny - belief that the U.S. had the right to all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

Manifest Destiny: Video

MANIFEST DESTINY

MANIFEST DESTINY

Manifest Destiny

“The American claim that it is our right to possess the whole of the continent which fate has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty.”

John O’Sullivan, New York editor

Election of 1844

• Presidential candidate James Polk believed strongly in Manifest Destiny, and he favored annexing Oregon and Texas.

President James K. Polk

• His Presidential slogans were:

“Fifty-Four Forty or Fight” and

“All of Oregon or None”

• After winning the election, the U.S. and Great Britain compromised by dividing Oregon at latitude 49 degrees north.

How did they get there?

Oregon Trail: stretched 2,000 miles across northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountains.

Trip took about six months, most went in wagon trains.

• The U.S. declared war on Mexico in 1846, shortly after annexing Texas.

MULTI

MEDIA

Mexican War – The Beginning

Gen. Zachary Taylor

Gen. Santa Anna* First battle of the war.

• Northerners opposed the war. They felt it was a Southern attempt to add more slave states to the Union.

Michigan

Maine

Illinois

Indiana

Ohio

Vermont

Rhode Island

New York

New Hampshire

Massachusetts

Connecticut

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Arkansas

Missouri

Alabama

Mississippi

Louisiana

Tennessee

Kentucky

Virginia

North Carolina

South Carolina

Maryland

Georgia

Delaware

Free States

Slave States

Balance of Power Between Free and Slave States as of 1844

Original 13 States

California

• Americans in California overthrew the Mexicans in 1846, declaring the independent nation of the Bear Flag Republic.

• Soon afterwards, California joined the United States.

Were not done yet

• The United States wanted to put a Railroad between the East and the West.

• The most likely southern route included territory still owned by Mexico.

• The U.S. bought the area in the Gadsden Purchase

Gadsden PurchaseThe United States bought southern NM and AZ for $10 million.

• Mexico recognized the Texas-Mexico border as the Rio Grande.• Mexico ceded the Mexican Cession to the United States.• Today, the Mexican Cession are the states of CA, NV, UT, and parts of AZ, NM, CO, and WY.

• The United States paid Mexico $15 million.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – 1848 (Video)

California Gold Rush

• Gold found at Sutter’s mill• Chinese immigrated for Gold Rush• Many headed to California from the

east• Great wealth and California will ask

for statehood in 1850