Managing Stress and Managing Stress and Anxiety Chapter 8Anxiety Chapter 8

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Lesson 1Lesson 1

Effects of StressEffects of Stress

VocabularyVocabulary

Stress Stress

PerceptionPerception

StressorStressor

Psychosomatic ResponsePsychosomatic Response

Chronic Stress Chronic Stress

You’ll Learn To:You’ll Learn To:

Examine causes and Examine causes and effects of stresseffects of stress

Analyze how stress can Analyze how stress can affect physical emotional affect physical emotional and social healthand social health

Discuss how substance Discuss how substance abuse harms abuse harms mental/emotional healthmental/emotional health

Effects of StressEffects of Stress

Stress-Stress- is the reaction of the body and mind to is the reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands.everyday challenges and demands.

Stress effects your daily routinesStress effects your daily routines

No matter what the No matter what the

source, stress can affectsource, stress can affect

your physical, your physical,

mental/emotional, andmental/emotional, and

social health.social health.

Stress in Your LifeStress in Your Life

Perception-Perception- is the act of becoming aware is the act of becoming aware through the senses.through the senses.

A way to manage stress is to change how A way to manage stress is to change how you perceive andyou perceive and

react to events react to events

that cause it.that cause it.

Perception continuedPerception continued

Reactions to stress can be Reactions to stress can be good good or or bad.bad.

What causes Stress?What causes Stress?

Stressor-Stressor- anything that causes stress. anything that causes stress.

1)1)People, objects, places, events, and People, objects, places, events, and situations.situations.

2)2)Example---------Sound of SirenExample---------Sound of Siren

Reacting to StressReacting to Stress

Stress in not necessarily good or bad.Stress in not necessarily good or bad.

Positive or NegativePositive or Negative

Motivation/Perform betterMotivation/Perform better

during competition.during competition.

UnhealthyUnhealthy-losing sleep, -losing sleep,

worry, can cause you notworry, can cause you not

to perform well.to perform well.

What causes Stress in School What causes Stress in School Performance?Performance?

Five General Categories of Five General Categories of StressorsStressors

Biological stressors- Biological stressors- such as illness, such as illness, disabilities, or injuries.disabilities, or injuries.

Environment stressors- Environment stressors- such as poverty, such as poverty, pollution, crowding, noise, or natural pollution, crowding, noise, or natural disasters.disasters.

Cognitive, of thinking, stressorsCognitive, of thinking, stressors- such - such as the way you perceive a situation or how as the way you perceive a situation or how it affects you and the world around you.it affects you and the world around you.

Categories Cont’Categories Cont’

Personal behavior stressors- Personal behavior stressors- such as such as the negative reactions in the body and the negative reactions in the body and mind caused by using tobacco, alcohol, or mind caused by using tobacco, alcohol, or other drugs or by lack of physical activity.other drugs or by lack of physical activity.

Life situation stressors- Life situation stressors- such as the such as the death of a pet, the separation or divorce of death of a pet, the separation or divorce of parents, or having trouble in relationships parents, or having trouble in relationships with peers.with peers.

Perception of StressorsPerception of Stressors

Past experiences determine how well you Past experiences determine how well you perceiveperceive and and handlehandle stressors. stressors.

The Body’s Response to StressThe Body’s Response to Stress

When your brain perceives a situation or When your brain perceives a situation or event as threatening, it initiates the stress event as threatening, it initiates the stress response system (Load Noise).response system (Load Noise).

NervousNervous and and EndocrineEndocrine System- Two System- Two major body systems that act automatically major body systems that act automatically regardless of the type of situation.regardless of the type of situation.

Nervous and Endocrine SystemsNervous and Endocrine Systems

The Stress Response SystemThe Stress Response System

Alarm-Alarm- is the first stage of the stress response is the first stage of the stress response system.system.

Body and mind go on high alert when comforted Body and mind go on high alert when comforted with a stressful situation.with a stressful situation.

Alarm Response- Alarm Response- pupil dilation, increase in pupil dilation, increase in perspiration, faster heart rate and pulse, rise in perspiration, faster heart rate and pulse, rise in blood pressure, faster respiration, narrowing of blood pressure, faster respiration, narrowing of arteries, increased blood flow to muscles and arteries, increased blood flow to muscles and brain, increase in muscle tension, release of brain, increase in muscle tension, release of blood sugar, fats, and cholesterol.blood sugar, fats, and cholesterol.

Fight of Flight ResponseFight of Flight Response

Inborn reaction that all living beings have in response to Inborn reaction that all living beings have in response to danger.danger.

Alarm begins when theAlarm begins when the

hypothalamushypothalamus

releases a hormone that releases a hormone that

acts on the pituitary gland.acts on the pituitary gland.

The hormone activates The hormone activates

the adrenal gland thatthe adrenal gland that

releases Adrenaline thereleases Adrenaline the

emergency hormone.emergency hormone.

ResistanceResistance

The second stage is the Resistance.The second stage is the Resistance.ResistanceResistance- During this stage the body - During this stage the body adapts to the rush created by the alarm adapts to the rush created by the alarm and reacts to the stressor.and reacts to the stressor.Fight of flight begins.Fight of flight begins.1) 1) FightFight- ability to resist a physical - ability to resist a physical challenge and attack orchallenge and attack or2) 2) FlightFlight- run faster and farther to escape - run faster and farther to escape danger.danger.

FatigueFatigue

Fatigue-Fatigue- When exposure to stress is When exposure to stress is prolonged, the body is affected and losses prolonged, the body is affected and losses its ability to adapt to the situation and its ability to adapt to the situation and physical and mental fatigue will set in.physical and mental fatigue will set in.

Physical fatigue- Physical fatigue- results whenresults when

muscles work vigorouslymuscles work vigorously

leading to soreness, pain, leading to soreness, pain,

and injury.and injury.

FatigueFatigue

Psychological fatigue- Psychological fatigue- can result from can result from constant worry, overwork, depression, constant worry, overwork, depression, isolation, of feeling overwhelmed.isolation, of feeling overwhelmed.

Pathological fatigue- Pathological fatigue- is tiredness brought is tiredness brought on by overworking the body’s defenses in on by overworking the body’s defenses in fighting disease.fighting disease.

Continued StressContinued Stress

Prolonged or repeated stress can lead to Prolonged or repeated stress can lead to stressful illnesses caused by the changes stressful illnesses caused by the changes that take place in your body during these that take place in your body during these three stages.three stages.

1) Sleeplessness, upset stomach, high 1) Sleeplessness, upset stomach, high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke.blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke.

Stress and Your HealthStress and Your Health

Physical EffectsPhysical Effects

Psychosomatic response-Psychosomatic response- a physical a physical reaction that results from stress rather reaction that results from stress rather than from an injury or illness.than from an injury or illness.

1) 1) Headache caused by tensionHeadache caused by tension

2) Asthma2) Asthma

3) 3) High blood pressureHigh blood pressure

4) Weakened immune system 4) Weakened immune system

Mental/Emotional and Social Mental/Emotional and Social EffectsEffects

Difficult concentratingDifficult concentrating

Mood swingsMood swings

Risk of substance abuse---primary drug Risk of substance abuse---primary drug abuseabuse

Taking Control of Chronic StressTaking Control of Chronic Stress

Chronic stress- Chronic stress- stress associated with stress associated with long term problems, that are beyond a long term problems, that are beyond a person’s control.person’s control.1) 1) Engage in physical activityEngage in physical activity2) Look for support among friends and 2) Look for support among friends and familyfamily3) 3) Find a hobby or activity that relaxes Find a hobby or activity that relaxes youyou4) Avoid using tobacco, alcohol, and other 4) Avoid using tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.drugs.

Managing StressManaging Stress

Identify personal causes of stress.Identify personal causes of stress.

1) 1) Life eventsLife events

2) 2) Physical stressorsPhysical stressors

3) 3) Daily hasslesDaily hassles

Practice refusal skills to avoid stressful Practice refusal skills to avoid stressful situations.situations.

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Lesson 2Lesson 2

Managing Managing StressStress

You’ll Learn to:You’ll Learn to:

•Identify personal causes Identify personal causes of stressof stress

•Demonstrate refusal Demonstrate refusal strategies for avoiding strategies for avoiding some stressful situations some stressful situations

•Develop strategies for Develop strategies for managing stressmanaging stress

•Examine how healthful Examine how healthful behaviors help reduce behaviors help reduce stress.stress.

Vocabulary:Vocabulary:

Stress-Stress-management management SkillsSkills

Relaxation Relaxation ResponseResponse

Ways to Manage StressWays to Manage Stress

Plan AheadPlan AheadGet adequate sleepGet adequate sleepGet regular Physical ActivityGet regular Physical ActivityEat Nutritious FoodEat Nutritious Food1) Eat regular meals1) Eat regular meals2) Limit comfort foods2) Limit comfort foods3) Limit caffeine3) Limit caffeineAvoid Tobacco, Alcohol, and other DrugsAvoid Tobacco, Alcohol, and other Drugs

Stress Management TechniquesStress Management Techniques

Stress management Techniques- Stress management Techniques- skills skills that help an individual handle stress in a that help an individual handle stress in a healthful, effective way.healthful, effective way.

1) Redirect your energy1) Redirect your energy

2) 2) Relax and laughRelax and laugh

3) Keep a positive outlook3) Keep a positive outlook

4) 4) Seek out supportSeek out support

Relaxation ResponseRelaxation Response

Is a state of calm that can be reached if Is a state of calm that can be reached if one or more relaxation techniques are one or more relaxation techniques are practice regularly (Opposite of Stress practice regularly (Opposite of Stress Response).Response).

Chapter 8 Chapter 8

Lesson 3Lesson 3

Anxiety and Anxiety and Teen Teen DepressionDepression

You’ll Learn To:You’ll Learn To:

•Identify symptoms of Identify symptoms of anxiety and depressionanxiety and depression

•Develop strategies for Develop strategies for coping with anxiety and coping with anxiety and depressiondepression

•Identify warning signs of Identify warning signs of major depression that major depression that should prompt individuals should prompt individuals to seek professional help.to seek professional help.

Vocabulary:Vocabulary:

AnxietyAnxiety

DepressionDepression

Anxiety and Teen DepressionAnxiety and Teen Depression

Anxiety-Anxiety- is the condition of feeling uneasy is the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen.or worried about what may happen.

Symptoms include: Symptoms include: feelings or fear or feelings or fear or dread, trembling, restlessness, tension, dread, trembling, restlessness, tension, rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, and rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, and sweating.sweating.

Practice stress management techniques.Practice stress management techniques.

What is Depression?What is Depression?

Depression-Depression- is a prolonged feeling or is a prolonged feeling or helplessness, hopelessness, and helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness.sadness.

Reactive depression- Reactive depression- is a stressful event is a stressful event such as a death.such as a death.

Major depression- Major depression- is a medical condition is a medical condition requiring treatment.requiring treatment.

Symptoms of Teen DepressionSymptoms of Teen Depression

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Lesson 4Lesson 4

Being a Being a Resilient TeenResilient Teen

You’ll Learn To:You’ll Learn To:•Explain what it means to be Explain what it means to be resilientresilient•Develop strategies to promote Develop strategies to promote resiliency throughout the life resiliency throughout the life spanspan•Explore methods for Explore methods for developing protective factorsdeveloping protective factors

•Evaluate how having Evaluate how having protective factors helps people protective factors helps people avoid risk avoid risk behaviorsbehaviors

Vocabulary:Vocabulary:

ResiliencyResiliency

Protective Protective FactorsFactors

Being a Resilient TeenBeing a Resilient Teen

Resiliency-Resiliency- is the ability to adapt is the ability to adapt effectively and recover from effectively and recover from disappointments, difficulty, or crisis.disappointments, difficulty, or crisis.

Resilient people are able to handle Resilient people are able to handle adversity in healthful ways and achieve adversity in healthful ways and achieve long-term success in spite of negative long-term success in spite of negative circumstances.circumstances.

Factors That Affect ResiliencyFactors That Affect Resiliency

Developmental assets- Developmental assets- are the building are the building blocks of development that help young blocks of development that help young people grow up as healthy, caring, and people grow up as healthy, caring, and responsible individuals.responsible individuals.Based on external and internal factors.Based on external and internal factors.1)commitment to learning1)commitment to learning2)positive values2)positive values3)social competency3)social competency4)positive identity4)positive identity

Protective FactorsProtective Factors

Protective Factors- Protective Factors- Conditions that shield Conditions that shield individuals form the negative individuals form the negative consequences of exposure to risk.consequences of exposure to risk.

Build resiliency byBuild resiliency by

11) Extra-curricular activities) Extra-curricular activities

2) 2) Stand up for beliefsStand up for beliefs

3) 3) Resist negative peer pressureResist negative peer pressure

4) Develop a sense of purpose4) Develop a sense of purpose