Managing Peace and Security: Deterrence and Diplomacy.
-
Upload
lora-harper -
Category
Documents
-
view
237 -
download
6
Transcript of Managing Peace and Security: Deterrence and Diplomacy.
Managing Peace and Managing Peace and Security: Deterrence Security: Deterrence and Diplomacyand Diplomacy
What is the chapter What is the chapter about?about? What are some causes of What are some causes of
international conflict?international conflict?
How does Singapore ensure its How does Singapore ensure its national security using the two-national security using the two-pronged approach of deterrence pronged approach of deterrence and diplomacy?and diplomacy?
DeterrenceDeterrence
Deter: Deter: to discourage or restrain from to discourage or restrain from acting or proceedingacting or proceeding: : The large dog The large dog deterred trespassers.deterred trespassers.
Deterrence: Deterrence: the act of deterring the act of deterring
Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Retrieved November 04, 2008, . Retrieved November 04, 2008, from Dictionary.com website: from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/deter
DiplomacyDiplomacy
Diplomacy: Diplomacy: The art or practice of The art or practice of conducting international relations, as in conducting international relations, as in negotiating alliances, treaties, and negotiating alliances, treaties, and agreements.agreements.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth EditionFourth Edition. Retrieved November 04, 2008, from Dictionary.com . Retrieved November 04, 2008, from Dictionary.com website: website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/diplomacy
ConflictConflict
Conflict is natural in human Conflict is natural in human
societies.societies.
People have conflicts all People have conflicts all
the time.the time.
Countries are like people too.Countries are like people too.
ConflictConflict
Why do conflicts occur among countries?Why do conflicts occur among countries?
- all countries want to protect their - all countries want to protect their national interestsnational interests
- conflicts occur when countries do not - conflicts occur when countries do not agree with one another on various issues agree with one another on various issues which might threaten their national which might threaten their national interestsinterests
TerritoryTerritory
Conflict over land / borderConflict over land / border
e.g. India VS. Chinae.g. India VS. China
Singapore VS. MalaysiaSingapore VS. Malaysia
Sino-Indian War:1962Sino-Indian War:1962
Sino-Indian War:1962Sino-Indian War:1962
Pedra Branca (SIN)/ Pedra Branca (SIN)/ Pulau Pulau Batu Puteh (MAL)Batu Puteh (MAL)
Pedra Branca (SIN)/ Pedra Branca (SIN)/ Pulau Batu Pulau Batu Puteh (MAL)Puteh (MAL)
Dokdo / TakeshimaDokdo / Takeshima
ResourcesResources
E.g. Conflict over fishing grounds E.g. Conflict over fishing grounds between Iceland and Britainbetween Iceland and Britain
Iceland
Britain
IdeologyIdeology
I-de-ol-o-gyI-de-ol-o-gy : : A set of doctrines A set of doctrines or beliefs that form the basis of a or beliefs that form the basis of a political, economic, or other political, economic, or other system. system.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth EditionEdition. Retrieved November 08, 2008, from Dictionary.com . Retrieved November 08, 2008, from Dictionary.com website: website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/ideology
Korean ConflictKorean Conflict
Korean ConflictKorean Conflict
North Korean believed in North Korean believed in communismcommunism
South Korea believed in South Korea believed in DemocracyDemocracy
USSR, USA, PRC and UN were all USSR, USA, PRC and UN were all involved in the Korean Conflictinvolved in the Korean Conflict
How do countries manage How do countries manage conflicts?conflicts?
Criticise each other openlyCriticise each other openly Reduce trade with the conflicting countryReduce trade with the conflicting country Resolve conflict through peaceful Resolve conflict through peaceful
negotiationsnegotiations Seek help from regional and international Seek help from regional and international
organisationsorganisations Start a warStart a war Display strength of military force to warn Display strength of military force to warn
other countriesother countries Cut diplomatic ties with each otherCut diplomatic ties with each other Protest to the other country through their Protest to the other country through their
representativesrepresentatives
How does Singapore manage How does Singapore manage conflict and ensure national conflict and ensure national security?security?
It adopts a two-pronged approachIt adopts a two-pronged approach
Deterrence
Diplomacy
DeterrenceDeterrence
Refers to measures taken by Refers to measures taken by countries to prevent and protect countries to prevent and protect themselves from threatsthemselves from threats
These threats may be from other These threats may be from other countries or non-state aggressors countries or non-state aggressors like transnational terroristslike transnational terrorists
How is deterrence How is deterrence practiced?practiced?
Citizen’s armed forceCitizen’s armed force
How is deterrence practiced?How is deterrence practiced?
33rdrd Generation Singapore Armed Generation Singapore Armed ForcesForces
How is deterrence How is deterrence practiced?practiced?
Singapore’s defence industrySingapore’s defence industry
How is deterrence How is deterrence practiced?practiced?
Total DefenceTotal Defence
How is deterrence practiced?How is deterrence practiced?
Multi-agency coordination on Multi-agency coordination on securitysecurity
How is deterrence practiced?How is deterrence practiced?
Military co-operation with other Military co-operation with other countriescountries
- bilateral military agreements - bilateral military agreements and excercisesand excercises
- Multi-lateral military agreements - Multi-lateral military agreements and excercisesand excercises
DiplomacyDiplomacy
Bilateral relationsBilateral relations
Regional relationsRegional relations
International relationsInternational relations
ASEANASEAN
- - Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Burma Philippines Philippines Singapore Singapore Thailand Thailand Vietnam Vietnam
United NationsUnited Nations
Singapore was admitted as the 117Singapore was admitted as the 117thth member of the UNmember of the UN
Membership in the UN approves the Membership in the UN approves the sovereignty of the small states and sovereignty of the small states and therefore contributes to their therefore contributes to their independence and territorial integrity. independence and territorial integrity. The UN also enables a small country to The UN also enables a small country to develop friendship with other nations, develop friendship with other nations, monitor world trends and collect valuable monitor world trends and collect valuable information. (pg 186) information. (pg 186)