Managing Industrial Stormwater - Salem€¦ · Manufactured Downspout System Aquip® enhanced...
Transcript of Managing Industrial Stormwater - Salem€¦ · Manufactured Downspout System Aquip® enhanced...
SoundEarth Strategies, Inc.
MANAGING INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER
Ayn Generes, PE, CPSWQ Mid-Willamette Stormwater Summit
January 28, 2015
SoundEarth Strategies, Inc.
Topics Industry Challenges What does Tier II
mean? What facilities can
do now Looking ahead to
treatment options
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Industrial Stormwater Challenges Large impervious areas High truck and/or forklift traffic Older facilities with aging infrastructure Ongoing stormwater sampling Pollutant Benchmarks Corrective Actions
– Tier I Operational and Structural BMPs – Tier II Treatment BMPs
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Tier II Corrective Action
Geomean > Benchmark – Triggered June 30 of second permit year
Revised SWPCP Requirements: – Revise SWPCP by PE or CEG – Rational for treatment BMP selection – Projected pollutant reduction – Due December 31 of third permit year
Treatment BMP Installation by June 30 of fourth permit year
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Tier II Corrective Action (continued)
88 NW Facilities in Tier II = 30% TSS,
17%
Zn, 89%
Cu, 40%
Pb, 7% pH, 2%
Pollutant Benchmark (mg/L)
TSS 100
Zn 0.12
Cu 0.02
Pb 0.04
pH 5.5 – 9 SU
% = Percent of facilities exceeding pollutant benchmark Based on 2013-2014 Permit Year Discharge Monitoring Reports in Northwest Region
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Source Evaluation Investigate Sources of Zinc and Copper
ZINC COPPER
GALVANIZED ROOF PAINTED ROOF (ZINC IN PAINT) TIRE WEAR (FORKLIFTS & TRUCKS) GALVANIZED FENCING LARGE STORAGE TANKS SCRAP METAL PILES MOSS REMOVAL
BRAKE DUST METAL MANUFACTURING ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURING MARINE – BOTTOM BOAT PAINT PESTICIDES AND FUNGISIDES
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Operational BMPs
Good Housekeeping – BMPs implemented for ongoing maintenance and cleanup of areas which may contribute pollutant to stormwater
BEFORE AFTER
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Operational BMPs
Sweep paved surfaces with vacuum sweeper Identify and control all on-site sources of dust Prompt spill clean up Inspect and maintain bag houses Keep all dumpsters under cover or with a lid
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Structural BMPs
Minimize Exposure Keep as much
industrial activity as possible indoors
Secondarily contain all materials (hazardous/ non-hazardous)
Dedicate maintenance to a specific area
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Other Structural BMPs Re-route downspout
discharge – Route so not sheet
flowing across industrial area
Fix alligator pavement – Re-surface asphalt
Add berms to divert flow
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Sampling Considerations Increase Number of Samples
– Only useful when monitoring results just over benchmarks
– First implement corrective actions – Must still be 14 days apart to count – Just for pollutants of concern
• Only sample parameters that are over benchmark
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Additional Sampling Example
No Sample Month
Zinc (ug/L)
Copper (ug/L)
1 November 240 30
2 December 240 30
3 February 100 15
4 April 80 15
Geomean 146.5 21.2
Benchmark 120 20
Outcome Geomean > Benchmark
Tier II Required
EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2
No Sample Month
Zinc (ug/L)
Copper (ug/L)
1 November 240 30
2 December 240 30
3 January 100 15
4 February 100 15
5 March 80 15
6 April 60 12
Geomean 118.5 18.2
Benchmark 120 20
Outcome Geomean < Benchmark
NO Tier II
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Sampling Considerations (continued)
Particle Size Distribution (PSD) – Establishes Sand/Silt/Clay mix
Dissolved Metals Sampling – Determine Dissolved versus Total
Zinc & Copper Isotope Ratio Analysis – Assists with determining source of zinc and copper – Useful for large facilities with a mix of sources
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TREATMENT BMPS Looking ahead…
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Catch Basin Inserts
Easy to retrofit Consider drainage area size Low influent concentrations Consider frequency of
maintenance! – May require frequent media
replacement
Photo courtesy of CleanWay Environmental Partners
Photo courtesy of Oldcastle Stormwater Solutions
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Treatment BMP Selection Pollutants of Concern
– One parameter or multiple? – TSS concentration can effect BMP
choice – Removal efficiency range
Treatment Train Approach – One system might not remove all
pollutants – Remove oil & grease first!
Footprint Cost
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Green Infrastructure Bio-swales, ponds, filter strips Engineered design
– Infiltration testing – Soil mixture – Types of plants
Plants uptake metals Not ideal for phosphorus
reduction if using underdrain Consider TSS loading
– Pretreatment may be required
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Green Infrastructure Stormwater Re-use
– Requires storage tanks – Consider water balance
Roof Discharge to Underground Injection Control (UIC) May allow for Tier II Waiver
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Tier II Waiver
Alternative to installing treatment system Implement volume reduction measures
– Show mass load of pollutants below the mass equivalent of the benchmarks
– Mass load analysis required – Low impact development practices, i.e.
infiltration or injection
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Swale + Filtration Quarter Location Turbidity Percent
Removal Total
Copper Percent Removal
Total Zinc
Percent Removal
2014 Q1 Influent 463 99% 59.7 97% 431 98% Effluent 6.22 2 9.27 Benchmark --> 25 NTU 14 µg/L 117 µg/L
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Downspout BMP Considerations Infiltration
– Underground Injection Control (UIC) rules
Zinc Influent Concentrations – High concentrations can effect performance and
maintenance
Downspout Roof Area – Know roof area to size BMP correctly – Combine downspouts or treat individually
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Design-Build Downspout Filter “Grattix” by Port of Vancouver
staff User-Build Option Treats ≈ 5,000 sf / box Design Flow = 10 gpm Adsorption media volume ≈ 4 cf
– 10 inches of Bio-retention soil mix (60% compost, 40% sand)
– Variety of media options http://www.portvanusa.com/assets/Grattix-how-to-flyer.pdf
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Design-Build Downspout Filter
Facility: Fertilizer Distributor
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
2/2011 9/2011 4/2012 10/2012 5/2013 11/2013 6/2014
Zinc
Con
cent
ratio
n (u
g/L)
Sampling Results with BMPs
Sweeping Downspout Filter
BM
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Manufactured Downspout System Aquip® enhanced filtration
system by StormwateRx Design Flow = 10 gpm Roof Area ≈ 5,500 sf* Adsorptive media volume ≈ 10 cf Handles high zinc concentrations Shown good media longevity
* Based on City of Portland water quality storm (0.2”/hr)
Photo courtesy of StormwateRx
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Manufactured Downspout System
0 50
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Average Influent (n = 6)
Average Effluent (n = 6)
Tota
l Zin
c (u
g/L)
Influent & Effluent Aquip Data 420 8
16.7
Data provided by StormwateRx
Photo courtesy of StormwateRx
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Manufactured Treatment BMPs Request Performance Data
– Look for influent concentrations similar to your facility
Similar Installations – Ask for case studies of similar applications
Approved Systems – Washington’s TAPE protocol – City of Portland Stormwater Management Manual
• Can use Performance Based Criteria
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Cartridge Filters
Light Industrial Facilities Low Influent
Concentrations – Influent Zn ≈ 200–300 ug/L – Influent Cu ≈ 25 – 30 ug/L
Below Ground – Saves footprint – Maintenance could be a concern
Example: Contech StormFilter, Oldcastle PerkFilter
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Enhanced Sand Filter
Handles Variety of Pollutants
Medium Influent Concentrations – Influent Zn ≈ 500–600 ug/L – Influent Cu ≈ 300 ug/L
Above Ground – Low head pump requires little power – Very visible for inspections
Simple Operation & Maintenance Example: StormwateRx Aquip
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Advanced Treatment Systems Chitosan Enhanced Sand Filter
(CESF) – Treatability testing for selecting
right chitosan/ polymer – Automated dosing and
recirculation Electro Coagulation (EC)
– Typically Combined with Clarification, Media Filtration and pre/post pH Adjustment
– Large Power Source Required Trained Operator Required
Photo courtesy of Watertechtonics *Treatment Train Approach
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Reload & Recycling Center
Chitosan Enhanced Sand Filter: 85 gpm 42,000 Gal Storage Tank, Chitosan liquid injection, and 3-24” Pressure Sand Filter, with PLC Logic Controller
Quarter Location Turbidity Percent Removal
Total Copper %RE Total
Zinc Percent Removal
2014 Q1 Influent 229 99.6% 380 99.7% 2,320 99.6% Effluent 1 1.08 8.28 Benchmark --> 10 NTU 14 µg/L 117 µg/L
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Operation & Maintenance Is an Operator Required?
– Knowledgeable technician may be needed to correctly operate system
How Frequent? – Know the frequency for any maintenance
What does Maintenance Cost? – Media replacement costs & disposal requirements – Labor costs
Source Evaluation • Where are pollutants
coming from?
Implement BMPs • Improve
Housekeeping • Rerouting
downspouts • More sweeping
Additional Sampling • Additional
compliance sampling
• Hot spots • PSD • Dissolved/Total
Metals
Treatment BMP • Green
Infrastructure • Infiltration • Downspout
Treatment • End of Pipe
Treatment
Managing Industrial Stormwater
SoundEarth Strategies, Inc.
QUESTIONS?
Ayn Generes, PE, CPSWQ Regional Stormwater Program Manager
[email protected] (503) 715-7987
www.soundearth.com