Managing Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Michigan OrchardsBrown marmorated stink bug (BMSB),...
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DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGY, KEY CHARACTERISTICS Distribution of BMSB in Michigan Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys, is a tree-loving pest native to Asia. It was first detected in the U.S. mainland in Pennsylvania in 1996. By 2006, it was causing major damage to apple and peach crops in the mid- Atlantic region. The first Michigan detection was in Berrien County in 2010, followed several years later by reports of suspected BMSB fruit damage. Nuisance reports from several thousand Michigan residents as of Spring 2016 indicate that BMSB populations are well-established in the southern Lower Peninsula. All together BMSB has been reported in 55 Michigan Counties, including two counties in the Upper Peninsula. Key features for identification Adult BMSB have several key features to help distinguish them from native brown stink bugs (Fig. 1). Adults are ½ inch long by 5/8 inch wide, with a banded pattern along the margin of their abdomen and banding on their antennae and legs; they also have smooth shoulders rather than toothed like some of our native species. Eggs are greenish-white in color and laid in a cluster of up to 28 eggs on a leaf of a preferred host. There are five nymphal stages. The first nymphal stage is black and red. The other four nymphal stages are brown like the adult (Fig. 2). Biology and lifecycle BMSB adults emerge from overwintering sites (e.g. woodlots, manmade structures) in response to a day length of 13.5 hours, which is late April in Michigan (Table 1). Egg laying begins after 135 degree days (DD = base 57.2°F) have accumulated, around the end of May. Females lay clusters of up to 28 greenish-white eggs on the undersides of leaves of preferred host plants, and between 10-20 egg clusters in their lifetime. Feeding and development continue through five nymphal stages before molting into the adult stage in late July or early August. High densities of BMSB and the potential for damage become more likely at this time. The summer generation continues to feed before moving to overwintering sites beginning in early September through November. The adult produces an attractant, called an aggregation pheromone, which attracts other adults to the same location. This is why clusters of adults can be found gathering on buildings. One generation is thought to occur in Michigan (Fig. 2). Managing Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Michigan Orchards KEY POINTS: • Adult BMSB hibernate in manmade structures, woodlots, and other places outdoors; it is a nuisance pest in many MI homes. • First suspected commercial fruit damage in the state by BMSB was in southwest MI beginning in 2014. • BMSB produces one generation per season in Michigan. • Each BMSB female lays eggs in clusters on leaves of one of many different host plants. • Adults and nymphs cause fruit damage when they feed, but the damage only becomes apparent weeks later or after fruit are brought out of storage. • Peaches are attractive at any stage when fruit is present; apples become attractive mid-season. • Use on-farm monitoring to assess BMSB populations and when to begin management. • Fruit can be protected from damage with effective registered insecticides. • Target insecticide applications at the tops of trees and orchard edges. Julianna Wilson 1 , Larry Gut 1 , Michael Haas 2 , Matthew Grieshop 1 , Kristin Poley 1 , William Shane 3 1. Department of Entomology, 2. Trevor Nichols Research Center, 3. Southwest Michigan Research and Extension Center MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Last updated December 2016 Fig. 1. Key identifying features of brown marmorated stink bug adults include a banded pattern along the abdomen and antennae with smooth, rounded shoulders.
Transcript of Managing Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Michigan OrchardsBrown marmorated stink bug (BMSB),...
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DISTRIBUTION,BIOLOGY,KEYCHARACTERISTICS
DistributionofBMSBinMichiganBrownmarmoratedstinkbug(BMSB),Halyomorphahalys,isatree-lovingpestnativetoAsia.ItwasfirstdetectedintheU.S.mainlandinPennsylvaniain1996.By 2006, it was causingmajor damage to apple and peach crops in themid-Atlantic region. The first Michigan detection was in Berrien County in 2010,followed several years later by reports of suspected BMSB fruit damage.Nuisance reports fromseveral thousandMichigan residents asof Spring2016indicate that BMSB populations are well-established in the southern LowerPeninsula. All together BMSB has been reported in 55 Michigan Counties,includingtwocountiesintheUpperPeninsula.
KeyfeaturesforidentificationAdultBMSBhaveseveralkeyfeaturestohelp distinguish them from nativebrownstinkbugs(Fig.1).Adultsare½inch long by 5/8 inch wide, with abanded pattern along the margin oftheir abdomen and banding on theirantennae and legs; they also havesmooth shoulders rather than toothedlikesomeofournativespecies.Eggsaregreenish-white in color and laid in acluster of up to 28 eggs on a leaf of apreferred host. There are five nymphalstages.The firstnymphal stage isblackandred.Theotherfournymphalstagesarebrownliketheadult(Fig.2).
BiologyandlifecycleBMSB adults emerge from overwintering sites (e.g. woodlots, manmadestructures) in response to a day length of 13.5 hours, which is late April inMichigan(Table1).Egglayingbeginsafter135degreedays(DD=base57.2°F)have accumulated, around the end of May. Females lay clusters of up to 28greenish-white eggs on the undersides of leaves of preferred host plants, andbetween10-20eggclustersintheirlifetime.Feedinganddevelopmentcontinuethrough fivenymphal stagesbeforemolting into theadult stage in late JulyorearlyAugust.HighdensitiesofBMSBandthepotentialfordamagebecomemorelikelyat this time.Thesummergenerationcontinues to feedbeforemoving tooverwinteringsitesbeginninginearlySeptemberthroughNovember.Theadultproducesanattractant, calledanaggregationpheromone,whichattractsotheradultstothesamelocation.Thisiswhyclustersofadultscanbefoundgatheringonbuildings.OnegenerationisthoughttooccurinMichigan(Fig.2).
Managing Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Michigan Orchards
KEYPOINTS:
• AdultBMSBhibernateinmanmadestructures,woodlots,andotherplacesoutdoors;itisanuisancepestinmanyMIhomes.
• FirstsuspectedcommercialfruitdamageinthestatebyBMSBwasinsouthwestMIbeginningin2014.
• BMSBproducesonegenerationperseasoninMichigan.
• EachBMSBfemalelayseggsinclustersonleavesofoneofmanydifferenthostplants.
• Adultsandnymphscausefruitdamagewhentheyfeed,butthedamageonlybecomesapparentweekslaterorafterfruitarebroughtoutofstorage.
• Peachesareattractiveatanystagewhenfruitispresent;applesbecomeattractivemid-season.
• Useon-farmmonitoringtoassessBMSBpopulationsandwhentobeginmanagement.
• Fruitcanbeprotectedfromdamagewitheffectiveregisteredinsecticides.
• Targetinsecticideapplicationsatthetopsoftreesandorchardedges.
JuliannaWilson1,LarryGut1,MichaelHaas2,MatthewGrieshop1,KristinPoley1,WilliamShane31.DepartmentofEntomology,2.TrevorNicholsResearchCenter,
3.SouthwestMichiganResearchandExtensionCenterMICHIGANSTATEUNIVERSITYLastupdatedDecember2016
Fig.1.Keyidentifyingfeaturesofbrownmarmoratedstinkbugadultsincludeabandedpatternalongtheabdomenandantennaewithsmooth,roundedshoulders.
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Table1.Estimateddateswhenbrownmarmoratedstinkbug(BMSB)lifestagesareexpectedtoappearduringtheseason.Themodelisbasedonusinga13.5-hourdayasthebiofixforBMSBemergingfromoverwintering,135degreedays(DDbase57.2°F)untilegglayingbegins,andthenanother964DD(base57.2°F)forthoseeggstodevelopintoadults.
Event-> 1stoverwinteredadultexpected
Egglayingbegins
VariousnymphstagespresentfromendofMay
throughmid-August
New(summer)generationadultsexpected
Environmentalcue-> 13.5hrday 135DD*(base57.2°F)1103DD*
(base57.2°F)BentonHarbor 27-Apr 27-May 28-Jul
Romeo 26-Apr 27-May 3-AugFennville 26-Apr 27-May 7-Aug
Sparta 25-Apr 27-May 13-AugHart 25-Apr 28-May 13-Aug
TraverseCity 23-Apr 29-May 13-Aug*DegreedayswerecalculatedbyselectingindividualEnviro-weather(https://mawn.geo.msu.edu/)stationsandcreatingcustomreportsusingtheBaskerville-Eminmethodstartingwiththedatewhendaylengthreached13.5hoursinagivenareain2016.
Astemperaturesdrop,summer
adultstakeshelterforwinterinwoodlotsandmanmadestructures
Peachesarevulnerableto
feedingdamageasearlyasJune
bywinteremergingadultsandearlyinstar
nymphs
Laterinstarnymphsandsummeradultsmove
frompeachesandothercropstoapplesbeginning
inearly-August
OverwinteredadultsbreakdiapauseinlateApriltolayeggsonavarietyofwild
andcrophosts
Feedinginapplesbynymphsandadultsprincipallyoccursin
AugustandSeptember
Fig.2.Lifecycleofthebrownmarmoratedstinkbuganditsoverwinteringbehaviorasitrelatestoorchards.AdultsoverwinterinmanmadestructuresthenemergeinlateApriltofindsuitablehostplants(greenpartoflifecycle).ClustersofeggsarelaidonsuitablewildandcrophostplantsbeginningattheendofMay.Whenpopulationlevelsarehighnearpreferredcrops,nymphsandadultswillmoveintoorchardsandcausedamagewhentheyfeedonfruit,butthedamagewillnotbeapparentuntilweekslater.OrangeindicateswhenpeachesandnectarinesarevulnerabletodamageinJuneandJuly.RedindicateswhenapplesarevulnerabletodamageinAugustandSeptember.ElementsofthisillustrationcourtesyoftheNielsenFruitLab,RutgersUniversity.
BMSBLifecycleasitRelatestoMichiganOrchards
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HostplantpreferencesThelistofplantsonwhichBSMBwillfeedislong,includingmanywild,agricultural,andornamentalplants.Preferredhostsarenon-nativeornamentaltreesandshrubsthatbearseedpodsorfruit,buttheywillalsofeedonanddamageherbaceousfruitingplants.BMSBmoveinandoutofdifferentcropsoverthecourseofaseason,therefore,itisusefultoknowwhetherotherhighriskcropsandornamentalsarenearyourorchardswhenconsideringwheretofocusmonitoringefforts.Table2showshowtreefruitandnutscomparewithotherspecialtycropsgrowninMichiganintermsofrelativeriskofdamagebyBMSB.Woodlandsarethoughttobeimportantoverwinteringsitesandasanon-cropfoodsource.
BMSBinorchardsWhenBMSBareabundant,mosttreefruitgrowninMichiganshouldbeconsideredatmoderatetohighriskfromBMSBfeedingdamage.Inthehigh-riskgroupareapple,nectarine,peach,andpear.Inthemoderateriskgroupareapricotandcherry.AspopulationscontinuetoincreaseinMichigan,damagetostonefruitandapplesisexpectedtoincreasewithnymphsappearinginJuneandmixedpopulationsofnymphsandadultspeakinginAugustandSeptember.BMSBnymphsandadultscanbothcausedamageinfruitandvegetablecrops,butthedamagewillnotbedetecteduntilweeksorevenmonthslater–especiallyinthecaseoffruitthatisstoredbeforebeingsold.Keeprecordsofwheredamagedfruitoccurredonyourfarm–thosewillbetheorchardstomonitorclosely.
FruitdamageinpeachesandnectarinesPeaches,nectarines,andapricotsarevulnerabletodamagesoonafterfruitsetuntilharvest.Inthesecrops,BMSBmonitoringshouldstartaftershuck-split.Soonafterbloom,damagedfruitarelikelytodrop.Mid-seasonfeedingdamagewillproducecat-facinginjury,weeksafterthefeedinghasoccurred,whichistypicalofplantbugs(Fig.3,left).Lateseasondamagewilllookmorelikewater-soakeddepressionsinthefruit(Fig.3,right),butagain,damagewillgounnoticeduntilweeksafterthefeedinghasoccurred.
Table2.RelativeriskofdamagebybrownmarmoratedstinksbugstoMichiganspecialtycrops,fieldcrops,andornamentals.RiskLevel TreeFruit&Nuts Berries&Grapes Vegetables Fieldcrops OrnamentalsHigh apple,hazelnut,
nectarine,peach1,pear(AsianandEuropean)
grape2 beans(green,pole,snap),edamame,eggplant,okra,pepper,sweetcorn,Swisschard,tomato
drybeans,fieldcorn,soybeans,sunflowers
bee-beetree,blackcherry,catalpa,crabapple,Englishholly(female),Japanesepagodatree,multiflorarose4,Pekinglilactree,redbud,treeofheaven4,wildraspberry4
Moderate apricot,cherry2
(sweetandtart),plum,walnut
blackberry,blueberry2,3,raspberry
asparagus,broccoli,cauliflower,collard,cucumber,horseradish,limabean,tomatillo
winterwheat5 blackwalnut,floweringdogwood,littleleaflinden,maples,serviceberry
Low cranberry,strawberry
carrot,garlic,kohlrabi,leeks,lettuce,onion,potato,spinach,sweetpotato,turnip
blackgum,ginkgo,Japanesemaple,kousadogwood
1–Additionalriskpotentialduetobarkfeeding.2–Potentialriskoftaint/contamination.3–Consideredmoderatetohighrisk.4–Consideredtobeaparticularlyattractiveandimportanthostplant.5–ConsideredtobeapopulationsourcemorethanacropdamagedbyBMSB.
Fig.3.Mid-seasonfeedingbystinkbugscausescat-facinginjuryinpeachesandnectarines(left);injuryfromstinkbugfeedingatalaterstagewillappearaswater-soakedlesions(right).
Photo:DougPfeiffer,VirginiaCooperativeExtensionPhoto:UtahStateUniversity
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FruitdamageinapplesAppleandpearfruitletsmaybeinjuredasearlyaslateMaywherepopulationsareveryhigh,butthemajorityofdamageinthesecropsisexpectedinAugustandSeptember,withdamagebecomingapparentweeksafterfeedinghasoccurred.Similartostonefruit,ifdamageoccurssoonafterbloom,damaged
fruitislikelytoabort.Damageoccurringlaterintheseasonmaybeconfusedwithbitterpitonthesurface,butwhenthefruitissliced,theinteriorwillbecorky(Fig.4,left).Ifdamageoccurs1-2weeksbeforeharvest,applesmayshownovisiblesignsofinjury(Fig.4,right),butwilldevelopbrownandnecroticareasinthefleshduringpost-harveststorage.
TRAPPINGFORNYMPHS&ADULTSWhileBMSBarefairlyeasytoidentifyanddistinguishfromnativestinkbugs,theycanbehighlycrypticinorchards.Theypreferthetopsoftreesandtheircoloringexactlymatchestreetrunks.Trapsareeasytodeployandcheck,buttheareaofinfluenceforasinglebaitedtrapappearstoberelativelysmall,andnotterriblyefficient.Therefore,itisimportanttoplacethemnearthecrop,andifusingaRescue®brandtrap,makesurethatthefinsofthetraptouchthetrunkorpostsothatnymphsareabletocrawlupintoit(Fig.5).Itaddstothereliabilityoftheinformationtocombinetrappingwithothersamplingmethodssuchasjarringofupperbranchesoffruittreesoverbeatingtraysinorchardedgesclosetowoodlots.Trapsareusedinmid-Atlanticorchardstoprovideathresholdfortakingmanagementaction,buttheirrecommendedthresholdneedstobetestedunderMichiganconditions.Fornow,trapsmaybeusefulindeterminingwhetherBMSBareinthevicinity.Severaldifferentkindsoftrapsareavailablecommercially(Fig.5),butalltendtohaveapyramidshapewithfinsthatneedtoeithertouchthegroundortreetrunksothatnymphscanwalkupintothem.Luresareattractivetobothnymphsandadults.Severalcommercialluresareavailable,butallofthemappeartohavearelativelylimitedrangeofattraction.Inotherwords,BMSBneedtobeinthevicinityinordertopickuponthescent.Eachluretypeshouldbechangedaccordingtothelabeling,butgenerallyona3-4weekinterval.Trapsaremostusefulwhenplacedinorchardmarginsthatareadjacenttowoodlandorriverandstreamhabitats.Itisrecommendedthatalineof3-4trapsbeplacedalongtheorchardmargininorchardsthatareathighestriskofinfestation.Trapsshouldbechecked,atminimum,onceperweek.
Photo:WilliamShane
Fig.4.Injurytoapplemaybeconfusedwithbitterpitexceptthatitwillappearanywhereontheapplevs.onthecalyxendwherebitterpittypicallyappears(aboveleft).Whenfruitiscut,fleshwillbecorky(upperright);laterseasoninjurycangounnoticeduntilfruitistakenoutofstorage.
Photo:DougPfeiffer,VirginiaCooperativeExtension
Photo:AmyIrish-Brown,MSUExtension
Fig.5.ExamplesoftrapsusedtomonitorforBMSB.BoththepyramidtrapontheleftandtheRescuebrandtrapontherightneedtobebaitedwithalurethatisattractivetonymphsandadults.ThefinsoftheRescue®trapmusttouchthetrunkortrellisposttowhichitisattachedforthenymphstobeabletocrawlupintoit.
Photo:JuliannaWilson Photo:MichaelHaas
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BMSBCONTROLAsBMSBpopulationscontinuetoincreaseinMichigan,growersarestronglyencouragedtoscoutforBMSB.Aneffectivemanagementprogramentails:1)Knowingwherepreferredhostplantsarelocatedinrelationtovulnerableorchards,2)Scoutingand/ortrappingforBMSBinorchardmargins,3)Keepinggoodrecordsofwhichorchardsshowsignsofdamageatharvestorpost-harvest,and4)UsingthebestapplicationtimingandmethodforinsecticideseffectiveagainstBMSBthatareregisteredforuseinyourcrop.Pesticideregistrationsandrecommendationswillchangeaswelearnhowtobettermanagethispest,andgrowerscanremaininformedthroughtheMSUBMSBwebsite,localExtensionEducators,andtheMSUExtensionNewsforAgriculture(www.msue.anr.msu.edu/topic/info/fruit).Chemicalcontrol.BMSBmanagementisanewconsiderationforMichigan’streefruitproducers.ThegoodnewsisthatmanyoftheinsecticidescurrentlyregisteredforuseagainstothercommontreefruitpestswillalsoprovidegoodprotectionagainstBMSB.Commerciallyavailablematerialsfromthepyrethroid,neonicitinoidandcarbamatechemicalclassesshouldbeeffectiveagainstbothBMSBnymphsandadults.Tables3and4listmaterialsregisteredforuseinMichiganpeachandappleorchardsthatwouldbeeffectiveagainstBMSB.Alwaysfollowthespecificlabelrestrictionsforthetargetcrop,beingawareofthepre-harvestinterval(PHI),re-entryinterval(REI),otherpeststhatmaybepresent,andpotentialimpactsonexistingIPMprograms(seetheMichiganFruitManagementGuideE-154formoredetails).Thetargetmarketmayalsoplayaroleinthedecisionprocessforselectingaparticularmaterialifthetargetmarket’smaximumresiduelimit(MRL)issetlowerthantheU.S.tolerance.Whenusedaccordingtothelabel,detectableresiduesformostofthematerialslistedinTables3and4shouldnotexceedexporttolerancesforMichiganapplemarkets.Formoreinformation,pleaseconsulttheAppleMRLchartsavailableonline(http://tinyurl.com/AppleMRLChart)orthefreeonlinedecisionsupporttoolforselectingpesticidesclosetoharvestincherryandapple(http://mrl.msu.edu/).ThereisonlyoneOMRIapprovedproduct–Azadirachtin–thatshowssomeactivityagainstBMSBinpeach,butisnotrecommendedforuseinappleduetothepotentialforphytotoxicitydamageafterthepinkstage.Aza-Directhasa0-dayPHIinstonefruitandmaybeusedwithoutMRLconcernsbecauseitisabiological.ManagingBMSBinAPPLES.Orchardsadjacenttowoodlotsandnexttopeachorchardsareconsideredtobeathighestriskofinvasion.ScoutforBMSBinappleusinglimb-jarringofupperlimbsoverabeatingtraytodeterminewhetherBMSBarepresentinagivenorchard.Keeptrackofwheredamagedappleswerefoundfromthepreviousseason–thesearetheorchardsthatyouwillwanttopayespeciallycloseattentionforpotentialmanagementthefollowingyear.Timedtooccurwithsecondgenerationcodlingmoth,orchardsthatareatriskofBMSBdamageshouldreceiveafullcoverofaninsecticidethatworksonbothcodlingmothandBMSB,makingsurethatthetopsofthetreesarewellcovered.Monitorwithpheromone-baitedtrapstohelpdeterminepopulationpressure.Thiswillalsohelptodeterminewhetherfollowupapplicationsevery7dayswithaperimetersprayuntilharvestareneeded.UsetrapsasdescribedabovetomonitorareasofconcernonyourfarmandcontinueaBMSBmanagementprogramwhenthethresholdhasbeenmet,whichis10BMSBnymphsoradultscapturedpertrapinasingleweek.
Fig.6.GoodcoverageisessentialtoprotectingtreefruitfromBMSBfeedingdamage.Expecttousehighsprayvolumes,fullcoverapplications,andreturningwithanapplicationofadifferenteffectiveinsecticideafterarainfallevent.
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ManagingBMSBinPEACHESandNECTARINES.BeginmonitoringforBMSBinpeachesinmidtolateMay,especiallyalongwoodededges.Inhigh-riskorchardsorwheredamagingpopulationsarefound,weeklybordersprayson5-10acreplots(cropborderplusfirstfullrow)havebeenshowntobeaneffectivestrategyinNewJersey.Dispersaltopeachescanbeinitiallymonitoredusingbaitedtrapsplacedattheedges(seedetailsontrapsonpage6).InitiatingsprayswhenBMSBarefirstdetectedhasnotbeenevaluatedbutmightbeanappropriatetiming.Peachesontheinteriorshouldbemonitoredforinjuryorbugpresence.IfBMSBisdetectedontheinteriorafullblocksprayshouldbedone.PotentialforbiologicalcontrolofBMSB.BiologicalcontrolcouldhelpsuppressBMSBpopulationsinMichigan,butitisnotexpectedtobeastand-alonetacticforcontrollingBMSB.CommonpredatorsfoundinMichiganorchardsthatwillfeedonBMSBeggsincludespiders,ladybeetleadultsandlarvae,minutepiratebugs,lacewinglarvae,crickets,andgrasshoppers.TherearealsopredatorsthatwillfeedonBMSBnymphsandadults,includingspiders,assassinbugs,andpredatorywasps.Parasitoids–small,non-stingingwaspsthatlaytheireggsinsidetheeggsoftheirhost–haveagreaterpotentialtohelpsuppressBMSBpopulationsoverthelong-term.AlthoughseveralnativeparasitoidshavebeencollectedinlownumbersfromBMSBeggclustersinMichiganorchards,itisaparasitoidnativetothesamepartofAsiaasBMSBthatholdsthemostpromise.ThisparasitoidhasbeeninquarantineforevaluationbeforebeingreleasedinNorthAmerica,butinthemeantimehasfounditswaytoNorthAmericaandisnowfoundinseveralUSstateswhereBMSBiswellestablished.Nearlyallnaturalenemiesbenefitfromaccesstonectar-producingflowersinorchardmargins.Areasmaintainedaspollinatorhabitat(Fig.7)providefoodandrefugefromin-orchardpestmanagementfornaturalenemiesofbrownmarmoratedstinkbugsandotherpestsaswell.
Fig.7.Anexampleofawildflowerplantingmaintainedforpollinatorsandotherbeneficialinsects.
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EffectiveinsecticidesforcontrollingBMSBinorchards.Table3.InsecticidesthatareeffectiveagainststinkbugsinMichiganPEACHES.TradeName ActiveIngredient Class PHI
(days)RelativeefficacyagainstBMSB
Maxrateperacre
Actara thiamethoxam neonicotinoid 14 E 4.5-5.5ozAdmirePro imidacloprid neonicotinoid 0 G 2.8ozAssail30SG acetamiprid neonicotinoid 7 G 8ozAza-Direct* Azadirachtin botanical 0 G 1-2pints;
3.5pintsunderheavypestpressure
Belay2.13SC clothianidin neonicotinoid 21 G 6oz
Danitol2.4EC fenpropathrin pyrethroid 3 E 21.3ozEndigoZC lambda-cyhalothrin&thiamethoxam pyrethroid&neonicotinoid 14 E 5-5.5flozLannate90SP methomyl carbamate 4 E 2lbsLeverage360SE imidacloprid&beta-cyfluthrin neonicotinoid&pyrethroid 7 E 2.8ozPounce25WG permethrin pyrethroid 14 E 6.4-16ozScorpion35SL** dinotefuran neonicotinoid 3 E 5.25-7ozVoliamXpress112SC lambda-cyhalothrin&
chlorantraniliprolepyrethroid&diamide 14 G 6-12oz
WarriorII2CS lambda-cyhalothrin pyrethroid 14 E 1.28-2.56floz
Table4.InsecticidesthatareeffectiveagainststinkbugsinMichiganAPPLES.TradeName ActiveIngredient Class PHI(days) Relative
efficacyagainstBMSB
Rateperacre
Actara thiamethoxam neonicotinoid 14 E 4.5-5.5oz
AdmirePro imidacloprid neonicotinoid 7 G 2.8ozAssail30SG acetamiprid neonicotinoid 7 G 2.5ozBelay2.13SC clothianidin neonicotinoid 7 G 6-12oz
Danitol2.4EC fenpropathrin pyrethroid 14 E 16-21.3oz
EndigoZC lambda-cyhalothrin&thiamethoxam pyrethroid&neonicotinoid 35 E 5-6ozLannate90SP methomyl carbamate 14 E 1lb
Leverage360SE imidacloprid&beta-cyfluthrin neonicotinoid&pyrethroid 7 E 2.8ozVoliamXpress lambda-cyhalothrin&chlorantraniliprole pyrethroid&diamide 21 G 6-12flozWarriorII2CS lambda-cyhalothrin pyrethroid 21 E 1.28-2.56flozNotes:Aza-Directisalsolabeledforuseonappleandpear,butnotafterthepinkstageasitcanresultinphytotoxicity;tankmixingwithoil-basedproductswillalsocauseplantinjury.Formoreinformation,pleaserefertothespecimenlabelforeachmaterial(http://www.cdms.net/Label-Database).Seealsothe2016MichiganFruitManagementGuideE-0154.Althoughproductslistedinthesetablesarelabeledforuseinthesecrops,notallhaveBMSBlistedonthelabel.*OMRIregisteredproduct.**ThereisasupplementallabelforuseofScorpiononpeachandnectarine.
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Formoreinformation
MSUIntegratedPestManagementBMSBResourcepage:
http://www.ipm.msu.edu/invasive_species/brown_marmorated_stink_bug
MSUExtensionNewsforAgricultureFruit&Nutpage:http://msue.anr.msu.edu/topic/info/fruit
MichiganFruitManagementGuide:BulletinE0154http://shop.msu.edu/product_p/bulletin-e0154.htm
PesticideLabelDatabase:
http://www.cdms.net/Label-Database
MichiganApple&CherryMRLTool:http://mrl.msu.edu
CompletelistofBMSBnon-crophostplants:
http://www.stopbmsb.org/where-is-bmsb/host-plants
Acknowledgements
WethankAnneNielsenforprovidinggraphicsforFigureandupdateddetailsaboutBMSBbiology.
MichiganAppleCommitteesupportspartofDr.Wilson’spositionasTreeFruitIntegrator.
MSUisanaffirmative-action,equal-opportunityemployer,committedtoachievingexcellencethroughadiverseworkforceandinclusiveculturethatencouragesallpeopletoreachtheirfullpotential.MichiganStateUniversityExtensionprogramsandmaterialsareopentoallwithout
regardtorace,color,nationalorigin,gender,genderidentity,religion,age,height,weight,disability,politicalbeliefs,sexualorientation,maritalstatus,familystatusorveteranstatus.IssuedinfurtheranceofMSUExtensionwork,actsofMay8andJune30,1914,incooperationwiththeU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.RayHammerschmidt,InterimDirector,MSUExtension,EastLansing,MI48824.Thisinformationisforeducationalpurposesonly.ReferencetocommercialproductsortradenamesdoesnotimplyendorsementbyMSUExtensionorbiasagainstthosenotmentioned.
