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Mammals: What are they?

Get ready to set up your concept map!Unit Map: Follow Along in your packet

WHAT ARE YOU LEARNING?

AS.11.01: Explain the importance of scientifically classifying animals.AS.01.02: Handle and manage animals safelyAS.06.01: Identify housing, sanitation, and safety considerations related to animal health.

Know Understand Do!KnowDefinition of mammalsHistory of common companion mammalsGeneral Care

UnderstandTypes of companion animalsCompanion animal common uses throughout history and todayCare characteristics for common mammalsDoIdentify common companion animalsSummarize use of animals throughout historyDesign care sheets for common mammals

AssessmentsCommon Group Frayer ModelsDog Chapter BookworkCat Chapter Bookwork

CulminatingGroup Chapter PowerPoint JigsawGraphic Organizers for Pet CareExamKey Learning: MammalsUnit EQ: What is a common characteristic of all companion mammals ?Concept : Common Small MammalsLesson EQ: Why are small mammals popular?VocabRepsonsible Pet Ownership

Concept : Cats and DogsLesson EQ: How have cats and dogs evolved throughout history?VocabAKC, CFAConcept : MammalsLesson EQ:How is a mammal defined?VocabMammal, Taxonomy

Essential QuestionWhat is a mammal?Classifying animalsTaxonomy: science of naming animals based on characteristics they share Invented by: Carol (Carl) Linnaeus ALL things (living and non) have 7 namesWe use the last 2Using last two names is calledBi(2)nominal nomenclature ORScientific classification 7 Names As you travel down the ladder the groups get smaller until you get to one specific animal youre looking for!

Activity Break!Kingdom - KingPhylum - PhillipClass - CameOrder - OverFamily - ForGenus - GoodSpecies - Spaghetti

Activity: Each group come up with your own memory sentence ! You have 3 minutes. Write them on the board to share with the class.Scientific ClassificationAlways in Latin Italics (if typed)Cursive if written First name is the GenusUpper caseSecond name is the species Always lowercaseCommon name:The name we use on a daily basisExample: Jaguar: (Panthera onca)

Mammal: DefinitionAn animal of the class Mammalia, characterized by being warm-blooded, having hair and feeding milk to its young, have vertebrae

Mammal: Characteristics MUST BE:Endotherms: warm-blooded, maintain their own body temperatureExample: Humans are always approx 98.6 degrees. You get cold, you put on a ____?Hair on majority of bodyAdaptation to help maintain body heatMammary glandsProduce milk for young Live-bearing: Give birth to live young Mammal: Exception!?!Monotremes Mammal that lays eggThere are only 2!Platypus - USAkidna Australia

Basic Mammal Classes / GroupsSubclass TheriaGive birth to live young Specialized dentition based on dietInfraclass Metatheria: MarsupialsBabies develop in mothers pouchInfraclass Eutheria: PlacentalsBabies develop in a placenta inside motherMore developed young at birth

ActivityGroups of 3Computer WorkFill in Frayer ModelMammalsReptilesAmphibiansFish

ReviewVocab you learned:Taxonomy, Binominal Nomenclature, MammalAnswer your Daily EQ on your Concept Map What is a mammal?Exit Question Think about itWhat types of mammals do you know?Next ClassCommon Mammals

Mammals: Common Mammals

ObjectivesDefine common mammals and their characteristics Essential Question What are the basic requirements for taking care of a mammal?What is a common mammal?Mammals normally owned by humans without special licensing Examples:DogCatGuinea Pig Rats and Mice RabbitsHamstersGerbilsChinchillas Ferrets

Group Jigsaw!What is a Jigsaw?Each person in the group has their own jobPut all the pieces together to form the final picture! Parts of the ProjectVocabularyAnatomyCareCommon DiseasesProject Outline : Rubric OverviewEach group willGive 5+ slides on Chapter in the book Each person in the group must complete the chapter book work: 30 points (process)Design a quiz for the end: 10 pointsNo word searched or crosswords!Cover the following informationVocabulary : 10 ptsAnatomy : 10 pointsCommon Diseases : 10 pointsCare : 10 pointsReviewVocab you learned today:(Presented by students)Answer your daily EQ on your mapHow are common mammals defined?Exit Question: Think about itHow do we provide for animals needs?Next Class:Dog Overview Mammals: Dogs Overview

ObjectivesDefine dog groupsAnalyze characteristics of dog groupings Essential QuestionHow are dogs classified?History Evolved from wolves Hunting aides, protection Humans picked based on desired traitsSelective breedinganimals with the best (most desired) traits kept for breedingExamples:Color, Size, Temperament (attitude), abilities

Groups of today Groups are defined by the AKCAmerican Kennel ClubThe American organization responsible for dog registrations of every recognized breed. They also sanction conformation, sporting and other events.SportingHoundWorkingTerrierToyNon-Sporting Miscellaneous SportingCharacteristicsNaturally active and alert likeable, well-rounded companions.

Members of the Group include pointers, retrievers, setters and spaniels. Remarkable for their instincts in water and woods, many of these breeds actively continue to participate in hunting and other field activities.

Potential owners need to realize that most require regular, invigorating exercise.

HoundCharacteristicscommon ancestral trait of being used for hunting. acute scenting powers gift of stamina as they relentlessly run down quarry.Some hounds share the distinct ability to produce a unique sound known as baying.Members of the group: There are Pharaoh Hounds, Norwegian Elkhounds, Afghans and Beagles, among others.

WorkingCharacteristicsbred to perform such jobs as guarding property, pulling sleds and performing water rescues. Quick to learn, these intelligent, capable animals make solid companionsMembers of the group include The Doberman Pinscher, Siberian Husky and Great Dane are included in this Group, to name just a few.

Their considerable dimensions and strength alone, however, make many working dogs unsuitable as pets for average families. And again, by virtue of their size alone, these dogs must be properly trained.

TerrierCharacteristicsThese are feisty, energetic dogs whose sizes range from fairly smalllittle tolerance for other animals bred to hunt and kill vermin have wiry coats that require special grooming Members of the group include the Norfolk, Cairn or West Highland White Terrier, to the grand Airedale Terrier. In general, they make engaging pets, but require owners with the determination to match their dogs' lively characters

Toy Characteristicsto embody sheer delight. Don't let their tiny stature fool you, though popular with city dwellers and people without much living space. We [AKC] advise everyone to seriously consider getting a small breed, when appropriate, if for no other reason than to minimize some of the problems inherent in canines such as shedding, creating messes and cost of care.

Non-SportingCharacteristicsdiverse group. Members of the group include the Chow Chow, Dalmatian, French Bulldog, and Keeshond, the Schipperke and Tibetan Spaniel

HerdingCharacteristicsnewest AKC classificationability to control the movement of other animals. In general, these intelligent dogs make excellent companions and respond beautifully to training exercises.Members of the group include: Corgies, Old English Sheep dog, Puli and many more

General CareFeeding depends on ageLess meals per day as animal gets olderHigh in proteinRegular GroomingBath, clean ears, brush teeth, clip nailsDepends on coat type = how regularTrainingHouse break (no potty inside!)Regular proceduresNail clipping, brushing, sit, stay, etc For safety ExercisePrevents destructive behavior

Anatomy: Review (Where is your worksheet?)

Think about itDog Video Questions worksheet Activities1. Chapter 7: DogsPlease answer the discussion questions at the end of the chapter Only COMPLETE sentences receive COMPLETE creditReview of Dog GroupsRead the article and complete the graphic organizer

Review:Vocab you learned today:AKCAnswer your Daily EQ on your concept mapHow are dogs classified?Exit Question: Think about itHow do dogs and wolves differ?Next Class:Cats

Mammals: CatsObjectivesDefine cat breedsExplore cat care

Warm- up

What is this? What does it represent?Essential QuestionIn what ways can cat breeds differ?History:HistoryDomesticated after settled agriculture in EgyptPurpose- controlling verminPriests used them as deificationMiddle ages- associated with satan, witches and warlocksCats: Video Once Finished:Answer the following in 10 complete sentences of more

How has the view and usage of cats changed over the years?

Think about itHow has the view of cats changed throughout history?Cat CareFeeding# of meals changes with ageLess as animal gets olderGroomingDepends on coat, some brushing requiredCats self groom regularly Clip nails (if desired) or provide scratch padTrainingLitter trainMost cats learn on their ownExerciseProvide stimulation for your pet and proper toys to avoid house damages

Basic care of catsLitter BoxAll indoor cats need one1 box per floorScoop solid wastes once a dayOnce a week- dump everything, wash with a mild detergent, and refill

Common Breeds41 recognized Top 1010 : Tonkinese9: American Short Hair8: Oriental7: Birman6: Ragdoll5: Abyssinian4: Siamese 3: Exotic/ Shorthaired Persian 2: Main Coon 1: Persian

Cat Breed Differences:Coat TypeCurly, Long, Short, NoneCoat ColorsWhite, colored points (toes etc), Calico (mixed colors) etcEarsFolded or notTailsLong or none

Anatomy ReviewDo you have your worksheet?

ActivitiesBook WorkDiscussion questions on Cat ChapterComplete sentences! ReviewVocab you learned:NoneAnswer your Daily EQ on your map:In what ways can cat breeds differ?Exit Question: Think about itIs their more dogs, or cats in the United States?Next ClassSmall Mammals

Mammals: Small Common MammalsObjectivesIdentify common small mammalsUnderstand their usesExplain small mammal general care requirements Warm-upWhat are these? What are they supposed to represent? How can this model pet care for small children?

Essential QuestionHow are hamsters and guinea pigs similar to each other?Hamster HistoryGolden Hamster- most often found in pet stores.Native to Syria dessertDiscovered in 1930 in JerusalemUsed and bred for experimentation

Hamster CharacteristicsNocturnalCheek pouches to carry food (hoarders)Protective of their territory (may bite)Solitary animalsLife span of 1-3 years

HamstersRodentsSubfamily Cricetinae25 species 6 genera

Hamster Behavior Crepuscular Active during dusk and twilight Some are nocturnal Mostly solitaryDwarf species sometimes kept togetherExcellent Diggers Build burrows, tunnels, nests, rooms for food storage Torpor- period of rest (not total hibernation), stockpile food

Hamster Reproduction Sexually Mature 1-3 months of ageFemale able to reproduce for 18 monthsSeasonal Breeders- April to October Gestation-16-21 daysLitter Size- 1-13 Young called pups

Hamster Longevity 1-3 years in captivityLess in the wild

Breeds of Hamsters

General CareBedding: Wood ChipsNot pine or cedar (oil is bad for animals respiratory system)FeedSeed/Pellet mix (bags labeled at stores)Water available at all times CageMany can squeeze through bars, plastic cages are normally used

General Care

Hamster handling

Hamster diseases and ailmentsCommon DiseasesWet Tail: DiarrheaStress induced. Most common ailment Tyzzers DiseaseCommon DiarrheaLice

ActivityBook WorkDiscussion Questions for Hamster Chapter Complete Sentences!Guinea PigsCavies!Cavia porcellusRodentNative to Andes MountainsCommon in folk lore and rituals, and food!Traders brought cavies to Europe as exotic pets!

CaviesWeigh: 1.5-2.5 lbsLength: 8-10 inches4 toes on forefeet and 3 on hind feetEyes on side of headSensitive hearingSense of smell highly developedLive in colonies or clans in wild1 dominant male and 5-10 females

Cavy BehaviorPopcorningExcitement! Little hopsSet a hierarchySelf and socially groomMessy!Kick out bedding due to structure of legs

Cavy Breeding Breed year roundGestation avg= 65 days1-6 pupsBorn developed: eyesight, hair, nailsSexually mature: 3-5 weeksFemales: can become preg. w/ 24 hours of giving birth

Cavy CareCageHard bottom to prevent foot injuryFeedHay based, pellets to help with teethMUST SUPPLEMENT Vitamin CDark leafy greens and veggies for treatsHealthCommon problems: scurvy, respiratory problemsClip nails regularlyClosely monitor teethDental Exam: Maloclussion

Cavies in ResearchSince the 1600sMostly used for studying infectious diseasesUsed to study juvenile diabetes

Guinea Pig / Cavy Stuff!

Guinea Pigs: Breeds

Handling

Common DiseasesCommon DiseasesRespiratory diseases MitesMalocclusion Abscess

Activity BreakLab Work!: Bring your worksheet! Guinea pigsPractice handlingDemonstrate nail clippingDiscuss the needAnalyze cage setting ActivitiesFill in your graphic organizer for guinea pigs and hamsters

Book workReview Questions for Guinea Pig Chapter ReviewVocab you learnedCrespucular, Malocclusion Answer your Daily EQ on your mapHow are hamsters and guinea pigs similar?Exit Question to think aboutWhat do rabbits and guinea pigs and hamsters have in common?Next Class:Rabbits

Mammals: RabbitsObjectivesIdentify characteristics of rabbitsUnderstand general care practices for rabbitsWarm-upWhat is wrong here? How could this happen?

Essential QuestionWhat is special about rabbit digestion?HistoryOrder LagomorphaFossil remains found 30-37 million years agoHunted for food, and used to make clothingMeat: High in protein, low in fat, low in sodiumFrench monks domesticated rabbitIntroduced to the US at the beginning of the 20th centuryCurrently:Used as petsMinor food sourceExperimentation : Draize eye test Rabbit- UsesMeatWool- Angora LaboratoryProduction of antibodies for vaccines, asthma, diabetes, cancer, stroke preventionExhibitionConformation/ShowingShow jumping

RabbitsExtreme prolificacyability to reproduce quickly,Australia= Huge rabbit problems! Built a rabbit- proof fence

Rabbits- Anatomy InfoLong hears= sensitive hearing5 toes, one very tinyWalk on the tips of toesImportant to consider when picking cagesCOPROPHAGY! Digest twice! Grass is very fibrous. This is more difficult to digest and get 100% of the nutrients. 2x digesting fixes this issueRabbits- Breeding/ ReproKindling- birth process in rabbitsBifurcated uterusMultiple matings, multiple partners, multiple impregnations Bucks (males) sterile during summer Babies= Kits/Kittens 1-14 per litterGestation=30-32 days

Rabbit- Breeds/TypesEnglish Angora, Lionhead, Dwarf Hotot, Chinchilla, Dutch, Elfin, Flemish Giant, Himalayan, Netherland Dwarf, Holland Lop, Silver, Silver fox, English spot, Havana, Florida White, New Zealand, Rex, Polish, Jersey Wooly, Satin, and Mini Lop.

Rabbit- CareCageSolid bottom (at least part of cage)Hide awayWood chips (low oil)Well ventilated Wide doors, prevent injury when picking up animalFoodHay based, pelletsWood chews, salt/mineral lick Rabbit- Stuff!

AnatomyDo you have your worksheet?

Handling

Common Diseases and Ailments Common Disease:Enteritis : inflammation of intestinesSnuffles: sneezing with white dischargeMastitis : inflammation of mammary glandsWeepy Eye: inflammation of the tear duct area

Activities Graphic organizer for rabbit care.

Book WorkDiscussion questions for rabbit chapter.Complete sentencesReviewVocab you learned:CorprophagyAnswer your Daily EQ on your mapWhat is special about rabbit digestion?Exit Question: Think about itWhy is it important to keep male and female rabbits separated?Next Class: Mice, Gerbils, Rats

Mammals: Rats, Gerbils, Mice, Chinchillas ObjectivesIdentify care requirements of mice, gerbils, ratsUnderstand basic anatomy and care requirements Warm-upWhich picture is correct?

Essential QuestionHow does chinchilla care differ from rats, mice, and gerbils??

Gerbils14 different speciesMost common- Mongolian gerbilVery quiet animalsLife expectancy- 2-4 yearsGestation period- 24-26 daysLitters of 1-10, 3-4 average.

Gerbils: DiseasesSeldom affected by diseaseRespiratory infectionsNasal dermatitis-hair loss and red swollen areas of the skin.Tyzzers DiseaseFleasLiceMites

Mice36 speciesMost common- house mouseSmell is most highly developed sensePrimarily nocturnal, pets may come out during the day

MicePrefer company of other mice (colony)Free of disease if given proper diet, housing, and exercise.Sexually mature at 4 weeks21 days gestationLitters 5-10

RatsOnce considered vermin, now shown at exhibition Defined by colors and color patternsIncluding eye color

Care: Gerbil/Mice/RatsGlass cages are safest for animal and ownerWood chip beddingLow oilHouse for sleepingWater bottle and food bowl preferably chew proofFoodPellets (to keep teeth trimmed) and seedsActivityBook Work:Discussion Questions from the Gerbil, Mice and Rat chaptersComplete sentences

Fill in your care guides ChinchillasUsed for fur throughout history Single full length coat requires 150 peltsFollicles have 60+ hairs/follicle. Humans = 1 hair/follicle 2 speciesDefined by color

Chin CareRequire exercise WheelTry to avoid metal grated cagesToes and tails can get easily caughtOverheat very easily! They cannot sweat!Chew toysWood (with low oil and resin), pumice stoneRequire Dust Baths: absorbs oil and dirt Chin Colors Standard Gray (natural color), beige, white, ebony

ChinchillasFill out your care sheetUse book to help you

Complete the discussion questions on Chinchillas Complete sentences

Review:Vocab you learned:NONEAnswer your Daily EQ on your mapHow does Chinchilla care differ from gerbils, mice, and rats?Exit Question: Think about itHow can all mammal care be summarized (What are their basic requirements) ?Next Class:Exam Review and Exam!

Exam Review Know this vocabulary: Please define

Please Answer the following in complete sentences