Green Adhesives and Functional Materials for Technical Textile
Making Textile Materials
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Transcript of Making Textile Materials
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Making Textile Materials
Textile materials are made in three main stages.
Start = Spinning the fibres into yarns.
Middle = Weaving or knitting yarns to make fabric.
End = Finishing fabrics to make them more useful.
Why doesn’t this include bonded / non-woven fabrics?
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Making Textile Materials
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Making Textile Materials
Fibres
Spun into yarns
Woven or knitted into fabrics
Finish appliedMade into a finished product
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Making Textile Materials
Natural SyntheticRegenerated
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Making Textile Materials
Natural SyntheticRegenerated
Animal Plant
WoolSilk
AlpacaCashmere
MohairAngoraCamel
CottonLinen(Flax
)HempJuteSisal
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Making Textile Materials
Natural SyntheticRegenerated
Animal Plant
WoolSilk
AlpacaCashmere
MohairAngoraCamel
CottonLinen(Flax
)HempJuteSisal
AcrylicPolyester
Nylon(Polyamide)
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Making Textile Materials
Natural SyntheticRegenerated
Animal Plant
WoolSilk
AlpacaCashmere
MohairAngoraCamel
CottonLinen(Flax
)HempJuteSisal
AcrylicPolyester
Nylon(Polyamide)
ViscoseCuproModal
Lyocell(Tencel)
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Making Textile Materials
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Making Textile Materials
Cotton Emblem
Properties –
Poor InsulatorsStronger when wet than dryAble to hold moisture wellHardwearing
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Making Textile Materials
Linen seal Cotton Emblem
Properties –
Poor InsulatorsStronger when wet than dryAble to hold moisture wellHardwearingPoor elasticity
Properties –
Poor insulatorsHighly absorbentHard wearingCrease easilyPoor elasticity
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Making Textile Materials
Wool Mark Linen seal Cotton Emblem
Properties –
Poor InsulatorsStronger when wet than dryAble to hold moisture wellHardwearingPoor elasticity
Properties –
Poor insulatorsHighly absorbentHard wearingCrease easilyPoor elasticity
Properties –
Good insulatorGood elasticityHighly absorbentDoes not crease easily.
Using the AQA textbook = pages 62 + 63Research other properties, advantages and disadvantages of the fibres.
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Making Textile Materials
Nylon
Properties –
Absorbs little waterVery strong and
resistant to wearVery crease resistantAffected by static
electricity – which effects the drape
Polyester
Properties –
Strong, hardwearing Crease resistantEasy to wash and care
forResistant to staining
Using the AQA textbook = pages 66 + 67Research other properties, advantages and disadvantages of the fibres.
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Making Textile Materials
Reasons for Fibre blending
Improving the Quality Appearance Profitability
Improving the aftercare performance eg – washing, drying, ironing, shrinking
Improving the performance of the end product – eg creasing, abrasion, durability
Improving the comfort of the end product – eg softer next to the skin, absorption, thermal insulation
Improving the colour or the lustre
Improving the cost efficiency – diluting expensive fibres with cheaper fibres
Blending ratios with synthetic fibres and natural fibres are usually 70:30 and 50:50
All fibre blends help to reduce the cost, improve the aftercare properties and improve durability.
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Making Textile Materials
Using the AQA textbook = pages 68 + 69
List three advantages for manufacturers in mixing / blending fibres together.
Give examples of blended fibres and their end uses.
What benefits would you create by blending the following –
Wool + Polyester = Cotton + Linen =
PolyesterPolymide (Nylon)
(both add easy care and durability)
Cotton
ViscoseModal
(both add lustre)
Bedding,Clothing,Lingerie,Furnishing fabrics
Why is Care labelling of blends very important?
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Making Textile Materials
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Making Textile Materials