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MATA KULIAH : PSIKOLOGI UMUM I

DISUSUN OLEH:

1. SARNI

2. AINUN PURINI

BEKASI, 19 OKTOBER 2013

1

TEORI KONVERGENSI

DALAM PSIKOLOGI


2/9

Penda!"!an

La#a$ Be"a%an&

A"'$an %(n)e$&en*' "a'$ d'%a$ena%an adan+a e$-edaan endaa# #en#an& d!a a%#($

+an& /e/en&a$!' e$%e/-an&an a%"a% ana%, +a'#! a%#($ e$ed'#a* %e#!$!nan dan

M'""'! "'n&%!n&an. Pa$a a"' d'd'%, a"' -'("(&', a"' *'%("(&' dan "a'n"a'n+a, /e/'%'$%an

dan -e$!*aa /ena$' 4a5a-an a#a* e$#an+aan: e$%e/-an&an /an!*'a '#! -e$&an#!n&

%eada e/-a5aan a#a!%a "'n&%!n&an6 A#a! den&an %a#a "a'n da"a/ e$%e/-an&an ana%

/!da 'n&&a /en4ad' de5a*a d'-a5a da$' %e#!$!nan e/-a5aan a#a!%a en&a$!

en&a$! "'n&%!n&an

Pen&e$#'an Te($' K(n)e$&en*' /en!$!# Pa$a A"'

7'""'a/ L(!'* S#e$n 1811938

A"'$an %(n)e$&en*' -e$a*a" da$' %a#a %(n)e$&en, a$#'n+a -e$*'a# /en!4! *a#! #'#'%

e$#e/!an. A"'$an 'n' -e$andan&an -a5a e$%e/-an&an 'nd')'d! '#! -a'% da*a$ -a%a#,

%e#!$!nan /a!!n "'n&%!n&an, %ed!ad!an+a /e/a'n%an e$anan en#'n&. Ba%a# *e-a&a'

%e/!n&%'nan a#a! d'*(*'*' #e"a ada ada /a*'n&/a*'n& 'nd')'d!, +an& %e/!d'an %a$ena

en&a$! "'n&%!n&an +an& *e*!a' den&an %e-!#!an !n#!% e$%e/-an&ann+a, /a%a

%e/!n&%'nan '#! "a"! /en4ad' %en+a#aan. A%an #e#a' -a%a# *a%a #ana en&a$! "'n&%!n&an

+an& *e*!a' den&an %e-!#!an e$%e/-an&an #e$*e-!#, #'da% !%!, /'*a"n+a #'a ana%/an!*'a +an& n($/a" /e/!n+a' -a%a" !n#!% -e$d'$' d' a#a* %ed!a %a%'n+a, a%an #e#a' -a%a#

*e-a&a' %e/!n&%'nan 'n' #'da% a%an /en4ad' /en4ad' %en+a#aan, 4'%a ana% #e$*e-!# #'da%

'd! da"a/ "'n&%!n&an /a*+a$a%a# /an!*'a.

Pe$'n#'* a"'$an %(n)e$&en*' ada"a 7'""'a/ S#e$n 1811939, *e($an& a"'

end'd'%an -an&*a e$/an +an& -e$endaa# -a5a *e($an& ana% d'"a'$%an d' d!n'a d'*e$#a'

e/-a5aan -a'% /a!!n e/-a5aan -!$!%. Ba%a# +an& d'-a5a ana% *e4a% %e"a'$ann+a

#'da% -e$%e/-an& den&an -a'% #ana adan+a d!%!n&an "'n&%!n&an +an& *e*!a' !n#!%

e$%e/-an&an -a%a# '#!. ad' *e($an& ana% +an& /e/'"'%' (#a% +an& e$da*, na/!n #'da%

d'd!%!n& ("e end'd'% +an& /en&a$a%ann+a, /a%a %ee$da*a%an ana% #e$*e-!# #'da%-e$%e/-an&. In' -e$a$#' -a5a da"a/ $(*e* -e"a4a$ e*e$#a d'd'% #e#a /e/e$"!%an -an#!an

*e($an& end'd'% !n#!% /endaa#%an %e-e$a*'"an da"a/ e/-e"a4a$an.

Ke#'%a a"'$ana"'$an end'd'%an, +a%n' na#')'*/e, e/'$'*/e dan %(n)e$&en*',

d'%a'#%an den&an #e($' -e"a4a$ /en&a4a$ %e"'a#an -a5a %ed!a a"'$an +an& #e"a d'*e-!#%an

na#')'*/ee/'$'*/e /e/!n+a' %e"e/aan. Ada!n %e"e/aan +an& d'/a%*!d%an ada"a

*'a#n+a +an& e%*"!*' den&an '$'n+a e%*#$'/ -e$a# *e-e"a. Sedan&%an a"'$an +an& #e$a%'$

%(n)e$&en*' ada !/!/!n+a d'#e$'/a *ea$a "!a* *e-a&a' andan&an +an& #ea# da"a/

/e/aa/' #!/-!%e/-an& *e($an& e*e$#a d'd'% da"a/ %e&'a#an -e"a4a$n+a. Me*%'!n

de/'%'an, #e$daa# )a$'a*' endaa# #en#an& a%#($a%#($ /ana +an& a"'n& en#'n& da"a/

/enen#!%an #!/-!%e/-an& '#!

2


3/9

A"'$ana"'$an +an& Me/en&a$!' A"'$an K(n)e$&en*'

A. A"'$an Na#')'*/e

A"'$an na#')'*/e -e$a*a" da$' %a#a natus "a'$; nativis e/-a5aan +an& a4a$ann+a

/e/andan& /an!*'a ana% /an!*'a *e4a% "a'$ #e"a /e/-a5a *e*!a#! %e%!a#an +an&

d'*e-!# (#en*' da*a$. A"'$an na#')'*/e 'n', -e$#("a% da$' leibnitzian tradition +an&

/ene%an%an %e/a/!an da"a/ d'$' ana%, *e'n&&a a%#($ "'n&%!n&an, #e$/a*!% a%#($

end'd'%an, %!$an& -e$en&a$! #e$ada e$%e/-an&an ana% da"a/ $(*e* e/-e"a4a$an.

Den&an %a#a "a'n -a5a a"'$an na#')'*/e -e$andan&an *e&a"a *e*!a#!n+a d'#en#!%an ("e

a%#($a%#($ +an& d'-a5a *e4a% "a'$, 4ad' e$%e/-an&an 'nd')'d! '#! *e/a#a/a#a

d'/!n&%'n%an dan d'#en#!%an ("e da*a$ #!$!nan, /'*a"n+a ; %a"a! a+an+a 'n#a$, /a%a

%e/!n&%'nan -e*a$ ana%n+a 4!&a 'n#a$.

Pa$a en&an!# a"'$an na#')'*/e -e$andan&an -a5a -a+' '#! "a'$ *!da den&ane/-a5aan -a'% dan e/-a5aan -!$!%. O"e %a$ena '#!, a*'" a%'$ end'd'%an d'#en#!%an

("e e/-a5aan +an& *!da d'-a5a *e4a% "a'$. Be$da*a$%an andan&an 'n', /a%a

%e-e$a*'"an end'd'%an d'#en#!%an ("e ana% d'd'% '#! *end'$'. D'#e%an%an -a5a


4/9

-e"a4a$ +an& d'e$("e ana% da"a/ %e'd!an *ea$'a$' d'daa# da$' d!n'a *e%'#a$n+a -e$!a

*#'/!"an*#'/!"an. S#'/!"a*' 'n' -e$a*a" da$' a"a/ -e-a* a#a!!n d''#a%an ("e ($an&

de5a*a da"a/ -en#!% $(&$a/ end'd'%an.

T(%( e$'n#'* a"'$an e/'$'*/e ada"a *e($an& '"(*( In&&$'* -e$na/a (n L(%e

10@1932 +an& /en&e/-an&%an #e($'


5/9

Un#!% /en&!%!$ I ($an& +an& -e$!*'a d' a#a* 20 #a!n, /a%a e$"! d'&!na%an #e*

%!*!* +an& -'*a "an&*!n& /en&!%!$ I #ana a$!* /e/-a&' a#a! /en&'#!n&

e$-and'n&an. A$#' I #e#a *a/a +a'#! d' a#a* 100 ada"a "e-' anda' da$' $a#a$a#a, *e%'#a$

100 ada"a $a#a$a#a n($/a", *edan&%an %!$an& da$' 100 d'*e-!# d' -a5a n($/a".

B. PSIKOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN

P*'%("(&' e$%e/-an&anada"a '"/! +an& /e/e"a4a$' #'n&%a "a%! 'nd')'d! da"a/

e$%e/-an&ann+a dan "a#a$ -e"a%an& +an& /e/en&a$!'n+a. Da"a/ $!an& "'n&%!

*'%("(&', '"/! 'n' #e$/a*!% *'%("(&' %!*!*, %a$ena*'%("(&' e$%e/-an&an /e/e"a4a$'

%e%!*!*an da$' ada #'n&%a "a%! 'nd')'d!.

Ada -e-e$aa /anaa# /e/e"a4a$' P*'%("(&' Pe$%e/-an&an, d'an#a$an+a +a'#!:

1 Un#!% /en&e#a!' #'n&%a "a%! 'nd')'d! '#! *e*!a' a#a! #'da% den&an #'n&%a# !*'aC

e$%e/-an&ann+a.

2 Un#!% /en&e#a!' #'n&%a# e/a/!an 'nd')'d! ada *e#'a a*e e$%e/-an&ann+a

3 Un#!% /en&e#a!' %aan 'nd')'d! -'*a d'-e$' *#'/!"!* ada #'n&%a# e$%e/-an&an

#e$#en#!.

@ A&a$ daa# /e/e$*'a%an d'$' da"a/ /en&ada' e$!-aane$!-aan +an& a%an

d'ada' ana%.

F K!*!* -a&' &!$!, a&a$ daa# /e/'"' dan /e/-e$'%an /a#e$' dan /e#(de +an& *e*!a'

den&an %e-!#!an ana%

Men!$!# -e-e$aa a$a a"', ada -e-e$aa a*e a#a! e$'(d'*a*' *'%("(&' e$%e/-an&an

'nd')'d!, +a'#!:

1. Pe$'(d'*a*' +an& -e$da*a$ -'("(&'*.

Pe$'(d'*a*' a#a! e/-a&'an /a*a/a*a e$%e/-an&an 'n' d'da*a$%an %eada %eadaan a#a!

$(*e* -'("(&'* #e$#en#!. Pe/-a&'an Aristotelesd'da*a$%an a#a* &e4a"a e$#!/-!an 4a*/an'

+a'#! an#a$a a*e *a#! dan a*e %ed!a d'-a#a*' ("e e$&an#'an &'&', an#a$a a*e %ed!a den&an

a*e %e#'&a d'#anda' den&an /!"a' -e%e$4an+a %e"en4a$ %e"en&%aan %e"a/'n. a*ea*e

#e$*e-!# +a'#! a a*e ana% %e'" : 0 # #, - a*e ana% *e%("a: 1@ # +a'#! /a*a /!"a'

-e%e$4an+a %e"en4a$ %e"en&%aan %e"a/'n, dan a*e $e/a4a : 1@ 21 #

2. Pe$'(d'*a*' +an& -e$da*a$ *'%("(&'*

T(%( !#a/a +an& /enda*a$%an e$'(d'*a*' 'n' %eada %eadaan *'%("(&'*ada"a O*5a"dK$(. Be"'a! /en4ad'%an /a*a/a*a %e&(nan&an *e-a&a' da*a$ e/-a&'an /a*a/a*a

*'%("(&' e$%e/-an&an, %a$ena -e"'a! +a%'n -a5a /a*a %e&(nan&an 'n'"a +an&

/e$!a%an %eadaan *'%("(&'* yan& %a* dan d'a"a/' ("e *e#'a ana% da"a/ /a*a

e$%e/-an&ann+a. a*ea*e #e$*e-!# +a'#!: a Da$' "a'$ *a/a' /a*a


6/9

/an!*'a *e*!a' den&an a%'%a# e$%e/-an&an /an!*'a +an& -e$"an&*!n& *e4a% %(n*e*'

*a/a' /a#' den&an e/-a&'an e$'(d'*a*'n+a.

Be$'%!# e$'(d'*a*' -e$da*a$%an d'da%#'* /en!$!# E"'a-e# B. H!$"(% :

a Ma*a *e-e"!/ "a'$ $ana#a": 9 -!"an

- Ma*a -a+' -a$! "a'$ ne5 -($n: 02 /'n&&!

Ma*a -a+' -a-+((d: 2 /'n&&! 2 #

d Ma*a %ana%%ana% a5a" ea$"+ '"d((d:2> #

e Ma*a %ana%%ana% a%'$ "a#e$ '"((d: >12 #

Ma*a !-e$ !-e$#+ 11C12 1FC1> #

& Ma*a $e/a4a ad("e*ene : 1FC1> 21 #

Ma*a de5a*a a5a" ea$"+ ad!"#((d : 21@0 #

' Ma*a de5a*a /ad+a /'dd"e ad!"#((d: @0>0 #

4 Ma*a !*'a "an4!# "a#e$ ad!"#((d : >0..

. PSIKOLOGI INDUSTRI DAN ORGANISASI

Pen&e$#'an P*'%("(&' Ind!*#$' dan O$&an'*a*'

P*'%("(&' 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' /e$!a%an a*'" e$%e/-an&an *'%("(&' !/!/,

*'%("(&' e%*e$'/en dan *'%("(&' %!*!* d' /ana ene$aann+a *ea$a "!a* d' -'dan&

'nd!*#$' -e$"an&*!n& *e%'#a$ #a!n 1930an. Sa/a' Pe$an& D!n'a %e2 *'%("(&' 'nd!*#$'

-e"!/ ada #a/-aan ($&an'*a*' %e&'a#an !#a/an+a /ene$a%an /e#(de, a%#a dan $'n*'

$'n*' *'%("(&' ada /an!*'a *e-a&a' #ena&a %e$4a. Ba$! *e4a% e$an& d!n'a %e2 *'%("(&'

'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' /en4ad' '"/! /and'$' den&an %e&'a#ann+a.

1 Me"a%*ana%an ene"'#'an '"/'a da"a/ %a'#ann+a den&an e$an a#a! e$'"a%! /an!*'a

da"a/ ($&an'*a*' dan ($&an'*a*' '#! *end'$';

2 Men&e/-an&%an #e($'#e($' dan /en&!4' %e-ena$ann+a;

3 Mene$a%an ene/!anene/!an -a$!.

Den&an %e&'a#an%e&'a#an #e$*e-!#, *'%("(&' 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' /e$!a%an

%e*e"!$!an en&e#a!an +an& -e$'*' a%#a, a#!$an, dan $'n*'$'n*' #en#an& e$'"a%!

/an!*'a d' -'dan& e%e$4aan.

Se!-!n&an den&an %e&'a#an%e&'a#an #e$*e-!# /a%a *'%("(&' 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*'

e$"! d'!a+a%an en&&!naann+a !n#!% %een#'n&an dan %e/anaa#an *e/!a 'a% +an&

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7/9

#e$%a'# dan a$!* d'!a+a%an a&a$ da"a/ ene$aann+a #'da% #e$4ad' ena*'$an +an& %e"'$!.

P*'%("(&' 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' ada"a '"/! +an& /e/e"a4a$' e$'"a%! /an!*'a da"a/

e$ann+a *e-a&a' #ena&a %e$4a dan %(n*!/en -a'% *ea$a e$($an&an /a!!n *ea$a

%e"(/(%.

Jan& d'/a%*!d den&an e$'"a%! ada"a *e&a"a %e&'a#an +an& d'"a%!%an ("e /an!*'a,-a'% +an& daa# d'a/a#' *ea$a "an&*!n& e$'"a%! #e$-!%a *ee$#' -e$4a"an, -e$-'a$a, dan

"a'n"a'n /a!!n +an& #'da% daa# d'a/a#' *ea$a "an&*!n& e$'"a%! #e$#!#! *ee$#'

-e$'%'$, /(#')a*', dan "a'n"a'n.

D' Ind(ne*'a *end'$', *'%("(&' 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' e$%e/-an&ann+a /a*' #e$-a#a*

ada %e&'a#an, #e$!#a/a +an& /ene$a%an #e/!an#e/!an da$' *'%("(&' ada !/!/n+a,

*'%("(&' 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' ada %!*!*n+a, dan da"a/ 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*'.

Se-a&a'/ana d'%e/!%a%an da"a/ *'%("(&' 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' e$'"a%! /an!*'a

d'e"a4a$' da"a/ e$ann+a *e-a&a' #ena&a %e$4a dan *e-a&a' %(n*!/en.

Se-a&a' #ena&a %e$4a, e$'"a%! d'e"a4a$' d' da"a/ "'n&%!n&an %e$4a, d' da"a/ /e"a%*ana%an

#!&a* e%e$4aann+a, *a"'n& en&a$! da"a/ !-!n&an #e$*e-!#, *e4a!/ana #ena&a %e$4a*e*!a' den&an e%e$4aann+a.

Se-a&a' #ena&a %e$4a /an!*'a /en4ad' an&&(#a ($&an'*a*' 'nd!*#$'n+a, *e-a"'%n+a *e-a&a'

%(n*!/en /an!*'a /en4ad' e/a%a' !*e$ da$' $(d!% 4a*a da$' ($&an'*a*' 'nd!*#$'.

Se"a'n da$'ada '#! /an!*'a d'e"a4a$' *ea$a e$($an&an dan %e"(/(%. Da"a/ !-!n&an

!n'#!n'# ($&an'*a*', *#$!%#!$, ("a dan 4en'* ($&an'*a*' d'e"a4a$' -a&a'/ana da/a%n+a

#e$ada e$'"a%! *e($an& #ena&a %e$4a, dan *e-a"'%n+a.

Da$' #e/!an#e/!an +an& ada /a%a d'daa# da#ada#a an#a$a "a'n:

1 Adan+a #e($'#e($', a#!$ana#!$an dan $'n*'$'n*' +an& daa# d'#e$a%an %e/-a"' %e

da"a/ %e&'a#an%e&'a#an 'nd!*#$' dan ($&an'*a*' !n#!% %een#'n&an #ena&a %e$4a,

%(n*!/en dan ($&an'*a*'n+a.

2 Te$%!/!" da#a -a5a #'da% *e#'a /ana4e$ -e$a*'" da"a/ e"a%*anaan #!&a*

e%e$4aann+a.

3 Beda !#a/a an#a$a /ana4e$ +an& -e$a*'" den&an /ana4e$ +an& %!$an& -e$a*'" #e$"e#a%

ada %eea#an dan %e#ea#an /e/ea%an /a*a"a dan /en&a/-'" %e!#!*an.

Te/!an#e/!an +an& d'daa# 'n' daa# d'&!na%an !n#!% /en&e/-an&%an #e*#e*, "a#'an

"a#'an -a&' a"(na"(n /ana4e$ dan *e"e%*' a$a a"(n /ana4e$.

7a5a*an P*'%("(&' Ind!*#$' dan O$&an'*a*'

Den&an -e$%e/-an&n+a *'%("(&' /en4ad' '"/! +an& /and'$' d' /ana 5a5a*ann+a

*e/a%'n "!a*, /a%a %e&'a#ann+a #'da% an+a /ene$a%an /e#(de, a%#a dan $'n*'$'n*'

da$' *'%("(&' ada /an!*'a *e-a&a' #ena&a %e$4a, /e"a'n%an /e"a%*ana%an 4!&a ene"'#'an

da"a/ !a+a /en4a5a- e$#an+aan da*a$ #en#an& /an!*'a da"a/ ($&an'*a*' *e$#a ($&an'*a*'

'#! *end'$'. Den&an /e"!a*n+a 5a5a*an #e$*e-!# /a%a na/an+a /en4ad' P*'%("(&' Ind!*#$'

dan ($&na'*a*'. Jan& d'/a%*!d den&an ($&an'*a*' ada"a: ($&an'*a*' ($/a" +an& #!4!ann+a

!#a/an+a:

7


8/9

/ena$' %e!n#!n&an da$' a*'" $(d!%*' dan 4a*a;

-!%an /ena$' %e!n#!n&an, /'*a"n+a "e/-a&a end'd'%an, $!/a *a%'# dan

*e-a&a'n+a.

D. PSIKOLOGI DIERENSIAL

Be$da*a$%an #e/!an#e/!an *'%("(&' e%*e$'/en, -e$%e/-an& !"a *'%("(&'

d'e$en*'a" a#a! d'*e-!# 4!&a *'%("(&' %!*!*, den&an #(%(n+a 7'""'a/ S#e$n, +an&

/ene$-'#%an -!%!n+a


9/9

Pen+!*!nan /a%a"a 'n' *e*!n&&!n+a /a*' /e/'"'%' -an+a% %e%!$an&an da"a/ a"

/a#e$' e/-aa*ann+a. O"e *e-a- '#! %a/' /en&a$a%an %eada a$a e/-aa !n#!%

daa# /e/-e$'%an %$'#'% dan *a$an %eada %a/' #en#an& en+!*!n.

DATAR PUSTAKA

1. Sa$"'#( 7. Sa$5(n(. 2008. Pen&an#a$ P*'%("(&' U/!/. a%a$#a: Ra4a5a"' Pe$*.

2. Sa$"'#( 7. Sa$5(n( 2013. Be$%ena"an den&an A"'$anA"'$an dan #(%(%#(%(

P*'%("(&'. a%a$#a: PP. B!"an B'n#an&.

3. Da$ad4a#, a%'a, e# a"". 199>. Ilmu Pendidikan Islam. a%a$#a: B!/' A%$a*a %e$4a*a/a

den&an Dea&

@. e'*a", !*! A/'$. 199F. Reorientasi Pendidikan Islam. a%a$#a: Ge/a In*an' P$e**

M!d+aa$d4(.

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