MAJOR SHIFTS ON THE WORLD SCENEWILL CHANGING WEATHER BRING MASS FAMINES?

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FIRST PlACllNYOURIIFII y

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one of our officesnearest you (add resses listed on back cover).Plain Trut h isJ ublished mon thly by Ambassador Colle~e. Pasadena. California. 91123. © 1976~i~~~~~iiin~I~~~'es~lI rights reserved . Second Q ass . ostage pa id a t Pasa::~:;T~~ ~~dJ~;1~

A.United States senator preached asermon in a Methodist pulpit inLos Angeles a few years ago. Ofall th ings, imagine a well-known

senator saying that pa triotism is a falsegod to ma ny people. And he is right.

" Love of country can transcend thelove of God," he said, " and we must. lintime of stress ; avoid m akin g patriotism areligion."

He said a number of other things Icould have said, myself. Among the}dols professing Christians worship, hecited prosperity , science. pa triotism, peace- and some people actually make anido l of the Bible, strange as that maysound. Some, he said, worship the Biblefor itself - NOT as cont aining TRUTHS

necessary for salvation - a nd, I add , asa GU IDE to a W AY OF LIF E.

What is your ido l? What are YOUreall y ded icated to? Is it earn ing a living- maki ng money? Wha t absorbs yo urmind, your thoughts, your time? Whatare yo u really devoted to? Is it G OD ­a bove all else? Or is it your hobby, yo urwife or husband, your children, yourhome, your sports , or your amusementsan d entertainme nts? What do yo u keepyour MIND on most of the time ? Whatmost occ up ies you r INT EREST ? Is it

t frie nds - SO.CiC. ty. ? Is it PEO PLE, or is itr THIN~_ . ~·

~ertainly couldn' t be GOD,could it?~. With most, it' s not. And , if not, there isl danger of having your interests becomeI your idols. You end up serving yo urr idols ins tea d of the living God.r lust W HAT IS RELI G ION ?t Is it merely an incidental inter est. sec-i on dary to many other thin gs, such as

ea rning a living, your home> your fam­ily, your friends, hobbies , spo rts. enter­tai nme nts? Is it possibly secondary toT V or movies?. Religion is your CONNECTION W ITH

GOD - your relationsh ip with Him. Re­ligion is realizing the PURPOSE of yourlife, the reason why God had you to beborn , the reason you draw the breath ofair and exist, the PURPOSE or end~GOAL

of your life, and HOW to live that life soas to arriv e there. .

I have written the Seven Laws of S uc­cess. You may have this free bookle t bywriting to our office nearest yo u. Th eselaws are rea lly the seven laws of LIFE.They are the seven laws of RELIGION.Yet most people do not know , practice,or a pply a single one of them .

£di_..j,,-Cl';~f· HERBERT w. ARM STRONGEditor: GARNER TED ARM STRONG

Ma_KUrt Edit or: Arthu r A. FetdigAl sistllllt to tM Editor: Robert L. KuhnN~",s U ror: Gen e H. HogbergF#JI1IIwrI Editor: Ga l)' Aleltander.A rf Dirrctor. Allen MeragerPodJiislt;"6 e-di_t1r: Roger G. Lipp rouhb/i$lo;.gAdmilfistrati_: Dexter H. FaulknerG¥y £dirtN: Jim E. Lea

~or ' E4irlWl: C. Wayne Cole. David Jon H ill .Herman L Hoeh. Raymond F. McNait. Roderid C.Meredi th .B",,",w.s: Brussel~ : Ray Kosanke: Jeru salem: Mark .Armstrong. Chns Patton: London: Peter Buller.

MARC H 1976

The first law is to have the RIGHTGOAL.

Th at GOAL - God 's PURPOSE for hav­ing put the breath ortife in you - is thatyou be born of GOD, 10 share with Himthe GLORY of creation, to inherit Hisdivine NATURE, to be LIKE · HIM, to do'what He does, to acco mplish what Heaccomplishes, enjoy what He ENJOYS ­peace, happiness, joy, resplendentGLORYin LIFE EVERLASTING.

No other goal could be as great. . It issuperla tive.

But what ar e you,'now? Just a mass ofma tter, put together like a machine.Your pre sent existence has to be con­sta ntly SUSTAINED. You have to keepdrawing a breath of air into your lung sabout every two or three seconds. Youhav e to eat food on the average of at­leastthree times every day. You hav e totake care of eliminati ng the impurit iesfrom food, and you have to bathe andclease your body. Maybe yo u don'treally have to "brus h your teeth afterevery meal " as a certain toothpaste TVcommercial keeps repeating like aphonogr aph record that got stuck. Butyou do have to mainta in and sustainyo ur physical ana tomy to keep on exist­ing, and even then you are aging anddegenerating every day and every year.In fact the most certain th ing in "thisexistence we-call "life" is that this ma­chin e process is going to run down ­YOUAREGOINGTO DIE.

Actually, we have to simply keeppumping life into ourselves constantly tocontinue existing - 'to continue con­scio usness.

Yet most peop le keep on, day afterday, year after year, pumping that exis­tence into them selves, with NO MOREPURPOSE than to try to be comfortable,free from pain, and to be pleasing thefive senses , with their minds on the pass­ing physical and ma terial things of themom ent - th ings that are not lasting,and are soon gone.

Unl ess God's own CHARACTER is. being formed a nd developed in yo urmind and your life, repla cing the carn al­ity that is there now, you shall havemissed your GOAL. Go d's PURPOSEis toCREATE within you, during this life, anew an d perfe ct CHARACTER, so that youma y be gi ve n e terna l life - se lf­cont aining, inherent life.

If you are converted - that is, if youdo once establi sh actual contact with

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Ron Hce wen. Boan Knowles. Gerhard Marx. AdbMuhtadi, Carole Ritter, George Rine r. Don Sceroe­der.J ohn R. Schroeder. Keilh Slutl'ipGrryMia: Art: John Dunn . MoniCWolvertOn.. GarryHI~ny. Ron Lcpeska. Olr)' Richardson; rhoto~l·

phy: David Conn. Alfred Hennis. Phil Steven, .WarTen Watson: Photo F il~; AI Lc:ilerB...w.a.M~r:Rly WriP I .CireullltiOll M4"41l~n: Uniled Slall~$ ; Benjl minChapman: International Editions: Leslie MlCul10ugh

Go d - He superna turally puts withinyou His HOLY SPIRIT. This impregnat esyou with HIS LIFE - begets you as Hischild, ac\ually yet unborn. Actually,what many professing 'Christians call"being born aga in" should be term ed"b eing begotten."

Techn ically, to be "born of Go d"means to be changed in compositionfrom flesh and blood mailer to SPIRIT ­no longer mort al. no longer human: sur'it does put within you a NEW NATURE.enti rely opposite to HUMAN NATURE.Yo u are, as Scripture says, given "ex­ceeding great and precious promi ses;that by these ye migh t be PARTAKERS OFTHE DIVINE NATURE" (II Peter 1:4). Ofcou rse the old human nature remains;and yo ur mind makes the cont inual deci- ­sions whether to yield to the downw ardpull , appetites, and established habits ofhuman nature or to resist it by yieldingto the new divine nature - to BELED BYGOD'S HOLY SPIRIT.

This, then, BECOMES yo ur very life!You can only succeed if your GOAL is

kept consta ntly - continua lly - beforeyour eyes. When you drive a car, if yo utake your eyes an d allention off what isin front of you (and sometimes com­ing from the side or behind) even fortwo or thr ee seconds, you may find yo ur­self "co ming to" in a hospital , dying,and saying, ..It all happened so sud­denly !" Driving carefully mean s BEING_ALERT, being DILIGENT every second ,KEEPING YOUR EYE, mind, and attention

Vol ume XLI No.3

on the matter of DRIVING, not on con­versat ion or other things.

In the same manner, if you let otherinterests or material pur suits steal firstplace in your mind, heart, and interest,you are putting yourself in danger of a .SPIRITUAL SMASHUP that could rob youof eterna l life.

Th at 's why God d oesn 't want yo u to

have these other gods BEFORE Him. Fo ryour own sake - · in your own interest ­you must keep Him enthroned an d en­shrined constantly ABOVE ALL. You must .study HIS WORD in orde r to be in­structed by Him.

Instru cted in what? Instru cted in trueKNOWLEDGE - knowled ge of God'sPURPOSE for yo u, . knowledge of andabout GOD, and knowledge of HOWTOLIVE. Jesus Christ said you must actua llyLIVE BY the words of the Bible. It is yo urGUIDE TO LIVING - your INSTRUCTIONBOOK the Maker send along to 'instructyou HOW to OPERATE th is mechan ismtha t is you . .

Moreover, yo u must study your BIBLE- to find what you now believe that iswron g and what you are now DOINGthat is wrong - to be CORRECTED andreproved by it. .

You must study ·the Bible to let itINSTRUCT yo u in the ways of God'sRIGHTEOUSNESS - His WAY OFLIFE. Andthen you must devote yourself to LIVINGIT!

Still, with out regular and constant(Conti nued on page 11)

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'IIICTloN'11i- OolS IT MAilANY OlfflRINCI WHO WINS?

3MAJOR SHIFTS ON THEWORLD SCENEIn two vital world arenas - Asia' Minor and the FarEast - major diplomatic reshufflings are under­way which could have significant worldwideimplications. '

3GREECE TO BECOMENUMBER TEN?In a surprise move , the European Economic 'Com­munity has decided to begin negotiations whichmay br ing Greece into the trade bloc as its tenthmember.

5THE BAHAMAS - A FRIENDLYNEIGHBOR IN THE CARIBBEANHistory, culture, and modern-day economics tiethis mutti-lsland nation close to the United State s.Read this special report by Clarence S. Bass.

WILL CHANGING WEATHERBRING MASS FAMINES?Ominous changes in world weather patterns maythreaten the food supply 9f hundreds of millionsworldwide! Part 3 of our "Human Survival " series .

12LEBANON'S TRAGIC 'DEMISE ,The crisis in Lebanon has reminded the world ofthe ever-present dangers in the explosive MiddleEast.

12ORCHIDS AND ONIONSOur readers comment on the size of Lake Baikaland the perennially favor ite topic of Women's Lib(yawn).

14AMERICA'S TWO CHOICES ,Editor Garner Ted Armstrong explains the onlytwo ways the United States can maintain its free­doms and way of life .

15~?--

RADIO lTV LOGOur rapidly expanding log of radio stations maynow include a station In your area .

2

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by Jell Calkins and Henry Sturcke

The race is on . With primary ballotscounted in places like Dixville Notch. NewHampshire (pop. 29) , the public flurry ofchoosing a pres ident. lasting until nextJanuary 20 , Inauguration Day . nas be­gun.

For most of us , interest in the campaignbeg ins with the televised images oftanned men in ski parkas or overcoatstramping through the New Hampshiresnows during the first of some thirty pri­maries to be held this year. But any serf­aus effort for the job began months andeven -years ago , as men began qu iet lytesting and lining up support among theop in ion makers, power brokers, and po­tential financial backers in our soc iety.

Between any hopeful, then, who meetsthe simple qualifications called for by theConstitution and that desk in the OvalOffice lies a gauntlet of fund-raising,caucuses, primaries, conventions, con­tinuous press scrutiny, and the election inNovember, followed by the ant i-climacticsitting of the Electoral College.

The entire system resembles some ofCharles Darwin 's theories. As the late

.Adlai Stevenson once remarked: " Victo ry -:goes to the last.survivor."

Turned 011Eleclorate

In November the voters will be asked tochoose one of two men , each the suc­cessful contender for the nomination of amajor party. Each will have made a careerof politics at a time when opinion pollshave found tha t politicans rank belowgarbage collectors in public esteem.

The big cliche this season is that theAmerican electorate is turned off andcyn ical , that they no longer trust "gov·ernment" to solve the big problems con­fronting the nation and the world.

A Harris Survey reports that:- 66% of American adults polled do

not foresee lasting peace in their lifetime .. - "65% see no end to -racial and reli­

gious discrimination.- 53% say not everyone can live in a

clean environment.- 51% doubt that starvation can be

eliminated in their lifetime.- 53% do not think that wars can be

avoided.The poll suggests a " new realism" on

the part of the American people, "this isreally so , then there is ho pe Americanswill come to see that ' the major issueswhich have always faced man th roughoutthe centuries - war, discrimination,"star­vation, as well as the relatively modernone of pollution - aren 't going to be"solved" by man - because of his verynature. The truth is, collective human na­ture keeps man from achieving the uto ­pias traditionally promised byprofessional pollticians. .

It took an ex-Jes uit seminarian , Oalltor­nia's governor Jerry Brown, to articulatethe problem: " A lot of intractable prob­lems are bei ng seen as just that - intract­able." He adds: " The idea' that you canbuyout of unemployment, pollution, andworld responsibility on the cheap justisn 't so:'

Hopes and Promises Dashed on theRocks of Reality

Nowhere can the futili ty of political manbe seen more clearly than when a candi­date who has a clear idea of wha t hewants to do finds his goals frustratedonce he is elected to office. Two majorexamples come to mind.

John Kennedy came to off ice as a lib­eral optimist with a clear set of programsin his mind by which he hoped to trans­form the United States into a more decentsociety fundamentally and transform theworld into a safer, more humane place forall of its inhabi tants.

Not only did Mr , Kenned y not succeedin pushing his programs pas t a Congressdom inated by his own party, but later ,after his successor Lyndon Johnson hadmaneuvered the Kennedy pr ogramsthrough Congress under the Great so­c iety label , the programs were sub­sequently acknowledged as failures -bysuch liberal democrats as Mr . Brown.

Mr. Kennedy's hopes for wo rld im·provement wereaashed --on--the--rocks ofreality by the policieso f the Sovi et Un ion-­and the immense prob lems of the devet­oping countries. Even today, the mos t ar-dent proponents of foreign aid such asSweden's Gunnar Myrdal label the ideal-istic aid programs of the early 1960s asabysmal fa ilures.

On the other side of the political spec­trum, Ronald Reagan began his term asCalifornia's governor in 1966 with a clearvision of what he wanted to do . Mr . Rea­gan 's "Creative Society" proposed to rollback the power of government from theind ividual "and liberate the constructiveenergies of the "pnvate sector."

After eight years of governorship, taxeshad gone up , California's state budgethad doubled, and there was no actualreduction in the state bureaucracy. Mr .Reagan was largely "prevented from im­plementing his visio n of government by astate legislature dominated by the oppo­sition party, by the inherent momentum ofbureaucracy itself, and by " centrifugal

. force" which limits the actions of anyelected executive to those initiatives forwhich he can rally ma jority support.

In "the end , Mr . Reagan 's "Creative So­ciety" so lved no more real problems thanthe Kennedy-Johnson " Great Society ." .

-, The issues are Ultimately theological.'The Bible doesn't state that Chr ist's re­turn is going to come about because hewants to visit the utopia down here thatman has ' created - rather the opposite.Christ comes back at a moment whenman is about to blow himself off the earth .Christ comes back to establish the millen­nium that man couldn 't bring about byhimself.

The truth is that no matter who i~

elected president, all won't be well aslong as human beings with human naturedo the governing, And all won't be welluntlt so meone who transcends humannature takes control of man 's affairs. That....candidate.. and ultimate victor is JesusChrist. 0

MARCH 1976

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MAJORSHifTS oNTHI WORlD selNI

SHORT-LIVED SMILES. Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko, right, andJapanese Prime Minister Miki chat amicably in mid-January - justdays prio.' to Japan's decisi on to conclude a peace treaty with Chins .

na valstrength in the Pacific. theeco nomic development of Si­beria, and Brezhnev's prop osedsecurity pact for all of Asia havesigna led to the Jap ane se that

. the Soviets have hopes of push- .ing their influence eastward.

Another reaso n why the Jap­anese have turned away fromMoscow a nd now look to Pe­king is the refusal on the part ofthe U.S.S.R. to return a numberof forme r Jap anese islandswhich came under its control aspart of the Yalta agre ement af­tei World War II. (Iron ically,the czar had officia lly repu ­diated any Russi an claim on theislan ds years before.) The Rus­sians insisted frorri the begin­ning that return of the island swas " nonnegotiable.' Two ex­ce pt ions we re held out : IfTokyo would sign with the Rus­sians and remove Americanbases from the Japanese -main­land, then the Soviets wouldgive back two of the lesser,nonstrat egic islands which theJapanese claim. The Japanesega ve this ill-disguised att emptto reduce American influence inAsia a cool recepti on.

Another problem for the Rus­sia ns was their own diplomacy.The Jap anese complained thatthe Ru ssian d iplo ma ts withwhom they had to negotiatewere awkward, rude. and secre­tive. Furthermore. even whilethe talks were being conducted,Russian vessels continued toshoo t at Japanese fishin g shipsin the northern Pacific, and

(Continued on page 4, col. 5)

Healing Historic Wounds 'TURKEY BOLSTERS TIESWITH THE SOVIET UNION

ical document on friendly rela­tions and cooperation" at ahigh-level meeting in the nearfuture. The fina l joi nt commu­nique noted that the talks werein the "tradition of friendl y co­operation established by Kem alAtaturk and Lenin.". The communique also said

that Prem ier Dem irel and Turk­ish Presiden t Fahri Koruturkhad accepted invitations to visitMoscow .

At home, however, PremierDernirel remain s as adamantlyoppos ed to domestic comm u­nism as ever. And as the SovietUnio n st ill sup po rts exiledTurkish communists, Demirel isstill 'suspicious of the Kremlin'sult imate designs on Turkey.

Some Turks feel the SovietUnion's objec tive - dominanceand, if possible, control over theBosporus-D ardan elles water­way - has not chan ged, on lyher tactics for achieving it. Theybelieve the Kremlin is trying to

(Continued on page 4, col. 2)

pected to last for some time.perhaps two or three years.

There are a number of eco­nom ic probl em s to be over­come, such as a relatively weakindustrial base in Greece andthe fact tha t a large segme nt ofthe popul ation is still involvedin agriculture . Ne vertheless, thedecision made here yeste rdayunderlined the general feelingthat despite the economic prob­lems, the political factor is moreimportant. As Council of Minis­

. ters President, Gaston Thorn,sa id : " Politically they'll come inwhen they want ; economicallythey'll come in when they can.';

For years , Plain Truth haswarned its readers that, basedon biblica l pr op hecy, the rewould arise an end-time, ten­nation union in Europe whichwould eventu ally become a newsuperpower to cha lleng e boththe United States and the SovietUnion. Th e new decision re­ga rdi ng Greece could be a sig­nificant move in such a ­development. 0

BRUSS ELS: Negotiations tomake Greece the tenth memberof the European Econ omi cCommunity should start as soonas possible. This was the deci­sio n made here in Brussels,th e nigh t of Februa ry 9, bythe nine foreign ministers ofth e Eu ropean Community .Their decision overrides therecommendation last month bythe European'Commission thatGreece sho uld und ergo a pro­longed per iod of structu ra lchange befor e being admittedto the Europe of Nine .

Greece first applied for mem­bership to the Community lastyea r after shaking off its mili­ta ry dictatorship in 1974.

During the next few mon ths,the committee ofperm anent rep­resentativesof the nine nations inBrussels will work out a negoti at­ing mandate which will then beapproved by the Council of Min­isters. Thi s is expected by Eu­rop e'ssumm er vacation thi syear .after which time formal negotia­tion s will begin . They are ex-

Following some two decad esof Co ld War confro ntat ion,Tu rkey and the Soviet 'Unionbegan reestabl ishing contacts inthe late 1960s.Various devel­op ment proj ecis were initi ated,including the large Iskenderuniron and steel combine and analuminum factory at Seyd isehir,north of the Taurus moun tains.

In 1975, the Soviet Unionbacked Turkey in its confrontationwith Gree ce overCyprus, fearingG reek cont rol oft he island wouldturn it into a possible NATO"aircraft carrier."

Now, with problems in its re­la tions with the United Statesand Western Europe (whereTurkey is an associate mem berof the EEC) , Ankara appea rs tobe finalizing the proce ss of rec- .onciliation with the Soviets.

In D ecember, Soviet PremierAlexei Kosygin pa id a 4-dayvisit to the Tur kish capital at Tur­key 's invitation. The meetingresulted in a promise that thetwo nati ons would sign a "polit-

Common Market Green Liaht

GREECE TO BECOMENU BER TEN?·

. Uncertainty in its relations'with the West is moving Turkeytoward friendlier ties with itslon g-time adve rsary, the SovietUn ion.

As a result of the sudden u.s.arms .embargo levied againstTurkey last year, Turkish offi­cials no lon ger feel they can beassured of support from theirdistant American allies in theevent of any futur e ' militaryconfronta tion with the U.S.S.R.Taking a cue from the U.S.,they have therefore begun en­gag ing in a bit of their own de­tente-making in an attempt toeas e tensions with their giantneighbor to the north. ,

Congress cut off arms aid toTurkey in February 1975 whenAnkara used American weapons inits invas ion of Cyp rus. This was asha rp. blow ' to the prima rilyAmerican -equipped Turk isharm y. In retaliation, Turkeyclosed " own some 26 U.S. basesin the country last July , including'sensitive U.S. listenin g postswh ich eav esdroppe d on thesouthern Soviet Union.

Altho ugh the U.S. ban onarms shipments was relaxed lastOctober, Turkey has failed toreopen the bases . It is generallybelieved it will not do so untilCo ngress promi ses mili tarygran ts and credits to Turkey for1976, which thu s far has not

.been done .

H i'tory of Antagonism

T urkey and the Soviet Union,who share a 380-mile frontier,possess a centuries-long historyof confrontation and war. It wasnot until 1923 that Kemal Ata­turk - whose revolt in that yearhad founded the Turkish Re­public on the ashes of the Ott o­man Empire - an d Vlad imirLen in signed a treaty of friend,ship and nonaggression .

But following World War II ,th e Kremlin denounced thepact and Stalin dem anded terri­tor ial concession s in easternTurkey, and even more impor­tant , a Soviet base on the Dar ­danelles - part of that narr owpa ssageway which provid es theSoviet navy with its only outletfrom the Black Sea into thestrategic Mediterrane an.

As a result of those Sovietpressures, Turkey moved intothe Western camp and , in 1952,became a membe r o f th eNATO alliance.

Moscow RebuffedJAPAN AND CHINA r

, FORGE CLOSER LINKS~e;~y' diplomati~r pressure from the Sovie t Union,I' Ja pa n decided in mid-January

of this year to finally concl ude apeace treaty with Russia's arch­rival China, formally endingWorld War II, The move heraldsa much closer relationship be­tween Ja pan and the People'sRe public in the years ahead.

The Japane se wer~ on theverge of signing a similar pactwith the Soviet Union, but re­je cted the idea after a heavy­ha nded last -minu te visit by So­viet Foreign Minister AndreiGromyko . The Ja panese felttha t G romyko's purpose was todrive a "wedge" between Japana n d Chi na . Ironi call y, whatGromyko succeeded in doingwas to drive a wedge -betwe enJa pan and Russia. T he Japa­nese have now abandoned theirtraditiona l "policy ' of equidis­tan ce" whereby they tried tomai nta in equa lly good relationswith both Moscow and Peking.

The Soviet Union is particu­larl y irked at a part in the textof the trea ty which binds bothJapan and China to resist anyattempt on the par t of a th irdna tion (meaning, Obviously, theRussia ns) to achieve " hege­mony" (or domination) in Asia .This mean s that both Jap an andChina are now on record as op­posing Soviet expansion in Asiaand the Pacific.

And there are sev eral in­dica tions that the Soviet Unionindeed does have such plan s.Continuing pressure on the Chi­nese border, increased Soviet

MARCH 1976

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Excerpts from the Tindemans Report

New Report Forms"BuildingBlock"lor United Europeby Ray Kosa nke

BRUSSELS : "E u r o p e isthrea tened. Europe is divided,a nd the greatest danger comesfrom her d ivisio ns. T he ho urhas come to take action com­mensurate with the danger. . _.We can tomo rrow build thegreatest political formation andthe greatest economic unit ourage has seen. Never will the his­tory of the world have known sopow erful a gathering of freemen : '

Tomorrow has come and Eu­rope is building. T his is themessage from European leade rsacross the polit ical spectrum inth is first quarter of 1976. Th eabove q uote was first made inthe Hag ue in 1948 at the Con­gre ss of Europe tha t year. It wasci ted in early February this yearby the man whom the nineheads of gove rnment o f the Eu­ropean Economic Communitychose to form ulate a futurist icreport on j ust how Eu ropeshould go about the process ofunion.

Th e ma n, Be lg ia n PrimeMini s ter Leo Tinde mans ,presented his final d ra ft in Jan­uary of this year after spendingall of 1975 in Euro pe-w ide con­su lta tions. His repo rt is nowbeing used as the basic buil dingblock from which debates. d is­cussions, and fu ture planni ngare being la unched.

The wide ranging doc umen t(see accompanying box for ex­cerpts) calls for harmonizat ionof existing na tional policies on abroad sca le - from crea tion of aEuropean ar maments agencyand a com mon energy po licy toa wide range of socia l reforms.It represen ts a quest for com­mon ground among Europeannat ions which ha ve historica llytorn each other apart on thebattlefield.

Brandt to Run for Europe's"Super Pa rliamen t"

European reaction to the Tin ­de mans' report runs the gamutfrom "excellent ," "pragmatic .""workmanlike," and "wo rth dis­cussing" to " incomplete ," "to oconservati ve," "just ano ther re­port." a nd "a plan [which will]ju st create con flict."

In sp ite of such critici sm . theEuropean Movement - whichha s long sought Euro pea n uni­fica tion under such leader s asAdenauer, C hurchill. Schuman .Spaak, Monnet . an d Jean Rey- seized on the Tindernans' re-

port in February of this year atits Council of Euro pe meeti ngin Br usse ls to p romote Tin­demans' efforts and to add bot ha timetable and a procedure foracco mplis hing Euro pea n unionover the years a head .

The po li tica l basi s for auni ted Europe was given majorim pet us a t the February meet­ing when for mer Wes t GermanChancellor Willy Brandt an ­nou nced his candidacy for the

Leo Tindemans, 53-year-oldprime minister of Belgium forthe last two years, was commis­sioned by the other heads ofgov­ernment of the E uropeanCommon Market to preparesingle-handedly the latest studyand recommendations on the fu­ture of European unity .

The {allowing are the principalconclus ions and recommenda ­tions advanced by Mr . Tin­demans on Jan uary 7, 1976 inhis 41-page report entitled "Eu ­ropean Union: Report 10 the Eu­ropean Council. ..

• Europe's Vulnera bility

"During my visits (aroundEurope preparing the report] Iwas struck by the widespreadfee ling that we are vulnerableand powe rless. T his is a newexper ience for our peopl es inrecent history... . Wh at weightdo isola ted vo ices have unl essthey arc those of th e super­powers?"

• Why Europe Mus t Unite

"For thir ty years the re lativewe igh t and influence of oursta tes in the world have beenco ntinua lly reduced.. .. Bothinternally and exte rna lly. theroom for man eu ver of the ind i­vid ua l sta tes has dec reas ed .

TURKEY(Continued (rom page 3)woo T u rkey away from theWest . a nd if not into the Eas t­ern camp, a t least to a state ofneutrali ty or "Finland izat ion."

Economic s a lso p lays a sig­ni ficant pa rt in T urke y's super­pow er ba lanc ing act. With aba lanc e of pay me nts deficit ofso me thr ee billion do llars, T ur­key despera tely needs cash ­fro m wha tever so urce.

" I will do wha t is in my inte r-

Europea n Par liament whe n ithol ds its first-eve r Europe-widepop ula r elect ion two years fromnow. (Delegates a re presen tlyappointed by the governmentsof the nine member nat ions.)

An Indep endent M ilitary

Rat her startling. the Euro­pean Moveme nt's dra ft decla ra­tio n stated that t he act ionprop osed by the Belgian pr imeminister rela ting to the forma­tio n of a co mmo n foreign policyand a European defense effor t"must be decid ed an d imp le­mented as ea rly as 1976."

Whil e such an ach ievement isha rd ly a poss ibility this year un ­less Euro pe is sudden ly anddr am at ically threatene d fromwit ho ut, steps a re being takenwhich will see Europe with anincr easingly inde pen dent de-

"T he co nst ruc tion of Europeis the only all-inclusi ve answerto th is cha llenge. . It is theon ly an swer which seeks every­where to rega in some of theco ntro l and power which is slip­pi ng from us, and to ena ble usto b uild the socie ty in wh ich wewa nt to live.

··At a time when unemptoy­ment an d inflati on are ram pan tin a ll o ur countries, whereeve ryone q uestio ns the ca usesof the weakness o f our eco­no mic an d poli tical struc tu res,and when the prosper ity of Eu­rop e dep end s on factors outsideou r co ntrol, the European effortmu st . . . sha pe a more ju st so­cie ty in wh ich o ur com mo n val­ues a re o bse rved so that we ca nmake our vo ice heard in theworld with the powe r of ourun ion be hin d it."

• Relations With Amer ica

"The need for Europe tospea k with one voice in its re la­tion s with the Uni ted State s isone of the unde rlying reaso nsfor the co nstr uction of Europe.A co ns t ruct ive d ialogue be­tween the European un ion, con­scious of its identity. and theleading Western polit ical , eco­nom ic, and military power , isnecessa ry witho ut delay."

es ts,' Dem ire l asser ted recentl y." Is it on ly th e United States, theEuropea n Investmen t Bank, theWorld Bank? No. Wh y be sa tis­fied wit h the little they give?"

T he Sov iets have re ce nt lyp ledged over one billio n dolla rswort h of credi ts to T urkey .

St ra tegic Real Estate

T ho ugh T urkey insists thatfriendlier relations with the SovietUnio n will not serio usly affectre lat ions with the United Sta tes,he r cur re nt reassessm ent of rela -

fense st r uc tu r e wi t h everymon th that passes.

An " Independent EuropeanGroup" has just been estab­lished at a meeting in Rome of theten European NATO coun triesp lus Fra nce . " Wi t ho u tint erfering in nationa l responsi­bilities." the gro up is sup posed toharmonize na tional ar ms eq uip­me nt plan s. reac h ag reements onjoi n t military proje cts, and elimi­nate ove rla p ping in the produc­tion of Euro pea n armaments.

Wh ile sim ila r effor ts arebeing ma de within the officialNATO struct ure as well, th isEuro pea n gro up has bee n set upto be inde pende nt of NATOand of the United Sta tes - pri­marily to a llow France to get inon the ac t of a European de­fense effort. At presen t, internalFrench polit ics have ma de any

• M ajor Work Yet to Be Done

"E uro pea n un ion will not becomplete until it has drawn up acommon de fense policy."

" T her e is [p re sentl y] noag ree me nt on how to achieve aco mmo n economic an d mon e­ta ry po licy, nor is there evenany susta ined discussion o f thesubject. And yet this is a basicrequirem ent for achiev ing a Eu­ro pea n union."

• No Progr ess WithoutWill to Act

"The belie f tha t the uni on isvita l and necessary will enableus to ove rcome conflicts of in­terest and di ffere nces of opin­ion . Only the will to ach ieveunion ca n give the necessa rypo wer s to th e co m mo n in ­st itut ions. Without th is politi calkiss of life the institution s of theun ion wi ll a lways lack su b­stance and force,"

• If Europe Doesn't Unite

"What price would we pay forinac tion? T he crum bling away ofthe Co m munity, voices isolatedan d ofte n going unh eard in thethe ater of the world, increasinglyless control over our des tiny, anun con vincing Europe withou t afuture ." 0

tion s with Washi ngton may por­tend om ino usly for the futu re.

Silt in g as tri de one of thewo rld' s most stra teg ic water­ways , which way Tu rkey lea nsin the fu tu re co uld be a cri tica lfactor both in East-West rela­tions and big power dip lomacyin the b roa d scope of Middl eEas t affa irs.

In any case. most observersfee l that in the afte rma th of lastyea r's ar ms embargo. relat ionsbe tween Tu rkey and the U.S.will never be the same. 0

such moves within NATO or inco nj unction with the Ame ricansim possi ble. T he lEG is tryi ng toget a round this obs tacle .

Even as the l EG was beingse t up at the Rome meeting,back in Brussels Belgian De­fe nse Minister Pau l VandenBoeynan ts ca me out wit h aspeech clea rly designed to pro­mot e European mil ita ry unitywh ile moving away fro m depen­de nce on the Un ited Sta tes formi litary securi ty :

"E uro pe ca n no longer satisfyitse lf by tru stin g the Ame ri­ca ns.. . . What will become ofus if the United Stat es' nuclea rurn bre lla we re to d isappear to­morrow? W e ' d be in r e altrouble. Europe m ust unite noton ly poli tica lly but a lso mi lita­rily. It is a necessity for ou rsec ur ity ." 0

JAPAN AND CHINA(Continued (ro m page 3)Russian a ircraft conti nued to fiyove r remo te a reas of Japaneseterritory.

T he upshot of all this is thatthe era of Japan's tradi tiona l"soft line" toward the SovietUnio n appears to be ove r. In itsplace m ust come much friend ­lie r con tac ts with Peking.

The origins of Japan's bett erre la tions hi p with Ch ina bega nin 1972 with President Nixon 'sfamed tri p to Peking. After thattime. the Japanese followed theAme rican lead of both "de­tente" with the Soviet Unionand close r ties to th e Peopl e'sRep u blic of China. Bu t Japa­nese rela tions imp roved muc hmor e rapid ly with China thanthey d id with Russia .

T hen ca me the d iscovery ofoil in Chi na . Con trasted withthe froze n was tes of Siberia,Chi nese oil is rela tively easy toextract. T he Jap ane se have onlybeen too eager to se ll sop his­tica ted dr illing equ ipment toC h ina and ho pe to some day tapth e mainland as a source of oil.

Japanese -C hinese trade hasboo med during the past severalyea rs. Last yea r the Japanesesold over $2.5 billion in ind us­tria l hard war e to th e Peopl e'sRep u blic. making China Ja­pan's best Asia n custom er.

Japanese Pri me M inisterTa keo Miki is known to favorstre ng thened ties to China . Infac t, as a yo ung polit ician in the1930's, Mi ki active ly opposedJa pa n's attack on Ch ina a t atime when such a stand madehim liabl e to assass ination.

In a wor ld where the bigpower a lliances are constantlyflu id and the geopolitica l wind sof cha nge arc contin ually blow­ing , the prospect of findi ng thetwo grea t O riental powers en­twined in a major a llia nce is notat a ll an unl ikely poss ibility inthe yea rs to co me. 0

4 MARCH 1976

==========================pBafinwU'il

oping countries. It establi shed a hotelcorporation and an agricultural corpora­tion. The hotel corporation managesthree hotels which it purchased in 1974,

,and . the agricultural corporation is re­sponsible for dairy and farming interest ­purchased in 1975.

Hope for a Better Year in 1976

In his radio interview, Mr. Pindlingexpressed hope that 1976 would be bet­ter because of the economic improve.ment apparent in North America .' Heexplained: "Some more money is beingput into circulation-and surplus moneyanywhere in the pocket of the travelerwill mean a few more tourists for our­selves." Mr. Pindling also pointed outthat three or four years of active prom o­tion of the Bahamas in European mar ­kets have begun to payoff.

During 'the first few months of 1976,the Bahamas has prospered from a reso­lution approved by the United NationsGeneral Assembly ~ the resolutionequating "Zionism with racism." Whentho usands of Jewish tourists cancelledtheir reservations in countries whichvoted for the General Assembly's biasedresolution, the Bahamas -' which votedagainst the resolution - benefited on therebound.

FinanciaJ Ceeter

Although tourism is still the major in-_dustry (1,380,600 visitors in 1975), theBahamas has long been developing as _

"an importani financial center. Each day ,several million dollars circulate by wayof currency exchanges . investments. and .trading in stocks and gold bars .

An important factorin this development isthe long history of political stability underBritish rule . BUl,perhaps the biggestsingle factor contributing to the recentblossoming of the Bahamas as a financialcenter is the absence of government-im­posed corporate and personal income tax.

-Taking advantage of this rare "taxhaven," many ofthe world' s largest banksand trust companies have establishedthemselves on the islands . At present,there are about 300such instituti ons oper·ating in the Bahamas.

However , outstanding progress in theareas of tourism and international fi­nance does not preclude the need for thegovernment to develop a viable eco­nomi c self-reliance by expanding anddiversifying its economy .

The government has already startedto develop such industries as oil refining,terminaling, cement man ufacturing. andseveral light industries. Established in­dustries include cement making and oil ­refining. The Bahamas Cement Com­pany, a subsidiary of U.S. Steel Corpo­ration, located at Freeport, GrandBahama, produces five millions -barrelsof cement a year. Bahamas Oil RefiningCompany produces up to 500,000 bar­rels of oil daily . Much of this is sent tothe United States to be used in indus­trial furnaces and power plants.

No Th reat of Nationa-Iization

As is 'customary in developing coun- 'tries which have to attract foreign indus­try, the Bahamas government haspassed legislation making the countryattractive to foreign investment. Accord­ing to this legislation, "anyone who

as a transfer point for munitions andmedical supplies being run through theNorthern blockade of Confederateports . Cotton from -the South was themain commodity of exchange.

Again , during the Prohibition era inthe United States , the Bahamas pros­pered from their proximity to the main­land. This time they served .as a liquorsupply point for American rum -runners.

Today, the prosperity of the Bahamasseems very much dependent on thethousands of U.S. tourists who visit Ba­hamas vacation spots each year. In fact,tourism is the largest sector of the Baha­

_mian economy.The Bahamian economy is intric ately

tied to the ,U.S. econom y, and henceinflation in the U.S. has caused eco­nomic difficulties in the Bahamas. Thisis not to say that the only outside pres­sures on the economy came from theUnited States. The skyrocketing worldprice for oil, for example, played a sig­nificant inflationary role . "

In his discussion of the year 1975Prime Minister Pindling on a radio pro­gram in Nassau entitled "Mary's Note­book," said that the economy "was in asgreat a difficulty as it had been in twentyyears." In an effort to try to counteractthe declini ng economy, the governmenttook two steps which are increasinglypopular among gov~rnments of devel-

PRIME MINtSTER of the Commonwealth of the Bahama Islands, Lyn den O. Pindling

the Queen" and the black , aquamarine,and gold banner of the Commonwealthof the Bahamas was boisted on the illu­minated flagpole while the Royal PoliceBand played the new national anthem.

Since then Bahamians have had theopportunity to learn that real indepen­dence must come from hard . selflessteamwork if the ·nation is to grow andprosper.

Fortunately, the politica l revolutionwhich led to Bahamian independencewas bloodless. An economic revolutionis presently under way, and, so far, it hasalso been free from vio lent con­frontation. This is the way Prime Minis­ter Lynden O. Pindling would like to seeit ' remain. Mr. Pindling said: "The onlyguarantee [of nonvio lence] we have is tobe ahead of the times, to keep just ahead­of the problems and to effect appro­priate solutions." .

Historical Association with theUnited Slates

From the time that the American col­onies won their independence in 1776.the Bahamas has seemed predestined tobe economically associated with the ,American nation. As the United Statesgrew in power and stature, that associa­tion grew also.

The American Civil War broughtprosperity to the Bahamas which served '

During the week ofFebruary 18-23, PlainTruth Editor-in-Chief Herbert W. Arm­strong conducted a series of public lec­tures in Nassau, Commonwealth of theBahama Islands. Hundreds of interestedBahamian Plain Truth readers were inattendance.

In conjunction with his personal af­pearance in the islands. Mr. Armstrongfelt that the worldwide readershipofPlainTruth wouldfind this up-to-date report on ­conditions in the Bahamas interesting: Itwas written by Clarence S. Bass. PlainTruth correspondent residing in SanJuan, Puerto Rico, who frequently visitsthe Bahamas.

t ing just'east and, southeast ofsouth­ern Florida are seven hundred is­lands and cays known as the

Bahamas. Some thirt y of these islandsare inhabited. With a history of threehundred years of former British rule. :they represent the third oldest parlia­mentary democracy in the western hem­isphere - after Bermuda and Barbados.

When Columbus first landed on thesmall island which he named San Salva­dor (also known as Watlin's Island) on

October 12, 1492, he found a tribe of THEpeople called Arawaks, whom he named -"Indians," because he thought he had 'reached the East Indies . _The Arawaks -

l , ~~;~:£:~f~:f::;~;~::;;~ims B- ~.¥lH';;.;lM~"'·.':·Si:~~~~!~~~T:~~:~iSs1::~~::~~;' - C '1M N 'H -, , peaceful Arawaks and used them m ' _ ' _

, ,their search for gold . Arawaks died by A'FRIENOny NEI'GHSO-R' INthe thousands m the mmes of Hispanola L 'and Cuba. Later, when the Arawaks -THE CARISS-EAN -proved too ,frail for the backbreaking -work , African slaves replaced them . - ' 'f "

Today, descendants of African slaves by"Clarence S. Bass -are the major racial group of the 200,000people living on the islands .

From the 1520's many English na­vigators became familiar with the Baha­mas and their strategic potential forcontrol of the sea lanes in the generalarea. By the 1600s the British were wellestablished and were determined tomake the Bahamas a colony. The firstpermanent settlement in the Bahamaswas founded by a group of English set­tlers who came from Bermuda in 1647.They landed on the island of Eleuth~rain search of religious freedom.

Years of struggle between England,France, and Spain culminated . withEngland being established as the rulingpower by the late 1700s. But all -of thesestruggling powers had to reckon withanother force: pirates. The Bahamaswas the home of pirates during the late17th and early 18th centuries. In 1718,their power was finally crushed byWoodes Rogers, the first Royal Governor,who established orderly government.

From tha t time England continued torule the Bahamas until 1964, when in­ternal self-government was granted. B.,.coming a commonwealth in 1969, theBahamas achieved full independence in1973.

Tears of joy streamed down the facesof many Bahamians at independencecelebrations in Nassau, the capital,when the Union Jack was lowered forthe lasi time to the strains of "God Save

MARCH 1976

==============================@>II@iili'\)~(fI!.lJ~11il

A Young Nation

The Com monwea lth of the Baham asis a young nation . Its peopl e ar e you ng.more than hal f of th em being und er 24years old. It has the youth and vigorwhich, if prop erly harne ssed . can effectthe rea lity of the proud ph rase fromthei r nat ional anthem. " Pressing on­wa rd. ma rch together. to a commo n. lof­tie r goa l . .. ,"

Its government and leaders must con­tin ue 10 shun the flam boyance so cha r­ac ter istic of some Third World leaders.They must strive to prevent the polariza­tion of thoug ht which can cause hu mannatur e to erupt into des tructive violenceand thu s bring down all that countlessyea rs of pa tience has built.

These things can be accom plished byall Bahamians working togeth er. cooper ·ati ng and pressi ng onwar d, bui lding abe tter Baham as. 0

be concerned, as wou ld (he Americanpeople. if the Bahamas beca me alignedto a ny extent with Cuba. However. onemust remember that from the point ofview of the government of the Bah am as.it wou ld not be wise to be unfriendly toCuba merely beca use it is a communistcou ntry.

The rat ion ale of Bahamas being opento ta lks with Cuba is this: Th e Baha mashas two near neighb ors: Cuba a nd theUnited Sta tes. The best policy is to try tomaint ain friends hip with both . The Mi ·ami Herald reporter asked Mr. Ad­derley: " If there have been no practi caleffects from establishing rela tions withCuba, why do so?"

Mr . Add erley's answer was: "W ell ,th ey are perhaps the closest geogra phi­cal neighb or to the Baham as, evencloser than the United States, and webelieve it is in our inte rest to be able toresolve on a friendl y basis a ny littleproblems that arise with immediateneighb ors,"

Education and Taxation

One major domestic problem nowfacing the Bahamian government is howto suppo rt a rapid inc rease in the num ­ber of pu pils enrolled in governmentschoo ls. Prior to 197 I. free edu cationwas provided in government schools asfar as grade 10. At that time th e econ­omy was booming and many jobs wereavailable for those who left schoo l at theend of the tenth gra de. In 1971, how­ever. the governm ent extended free edu ­ca tion to inelude gra de 12. By then theeconomy was beginning to slow down,and fewer and fewer pupils were drop ­ping out of schoo l at gra de 10, becau sejo bs were not ava ilable. In fact there hasbee n a 54% increase in school enroll ­me nt in gove rnment schoo ls duri ng thelast ten years. Enrollment in 1965 was29,509 ; in 1974.45.007.

In 1974. Prime Minister Pindl ing.speaking to bank ers in Nassa u. statedthe government's intention not to impl e­ment an income lax. He pragmat icallySla ted. though. that " roads and hospitalsha ve to be paid for. wheth er in a taxha ven or in an industrial state:' So itwould not be strange if. in the near fu­ture. the government feels it necessary toimpose some kind of incom e tax. Howthat wou ld affect the country's positionas a finan cial center is not known.

which will culminate in July 4th recep­tions for U.S. visitors in the Baham as.Seventy-five percent of the Bahamas 'annua l visitor total comes from theUnited Sta tes. Interestingly, the Baha­mas is the sevent h lar gest con tributo r ofvisitors to the United States .

But even amo ng brothers and the bestof friends there a re sometimes dis­agreements. This is true of the Unit edSta tes and the Bahamas as well. Dur ingthe summer of 1975, discussion s be­tween the m abo ut fishing righ ts for U.S.fishe rmen ended in failure.

Ano the r area of concern betwee n thetwo governments is the future of seve ralAmerican bases on Andros. Eleu thera.a nd G ra nd Bah am a. Mr . Adderle ysta led tha t if an agree men t ove r thebases was impossible. the United Sta tescould be aske d to give up the bases. Thema in difficulty seems to be ove r howmu ch the United Sta tes is willing to payper yea r for the use of the bases. Areliab le source sta ted that 25 mill iondollars was men tioned by an unnamedsource in the U.S. government. Appa r­ently this amount is not acceptable toth e government of the Bahama s. Th efinal deci sion as to whether the U.S. willbe asked to give up the bases will de­pend, accord ing to Mr. Adderley. onhow " reasona ble the United States is:'

" Friendship Toward All - MaliccToward None'

In spite of the precedin g points ofd isagreement, the government of theBah amas is in no way hostile toward theUni ted States. It , 100. seems to have thepolicy that the U.S. once had when itwas a yo ung , d e vel op in g na tio n:" friendship toward all, malice towardnon e."

The re are significant ar eas of coopera­tion bet ween the two governments. Forinstance. the United States is allowed toma intain a preflight immigratio n andcustoms clea rance facili ty at the NassauIntern ation al Airpo rt for persons flyingto Miam i by com merc ial airlines . Alsothe re is coope ration in tracking and a r­resting d rug tra ffickers.

T he U.S. gove rnment wou ld naturally

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Commonw eal t h ofThe BahamaIslands

ter nal Affairs Minister, in a recent inter­view in the M iami Herald sa id that theBah am as is prepa red to ent er into d is­cussio ns with the Cas tro regime. The Ba­ham as gove rnment stipulated that suchdisc ussions must be in the contex t of anevent ua l ag reement by the Law of theSea Confere nce on the "archipelagicprin ciple ," According to this preceptmulti -island states would have sover­eignty over all waters withi n an areaenclosed by straight lines connecting theou ter most pa rts ofall the islands.

Fearin g the political implicat ions ofthe governme nt ta lking with Cuba. someBa hamians have expressed concern . OnJa nuary 12, 1976. a front-page editorialin one of the two dai ly newspa pers inNassau ca rried the headlin e "Turning toCas /roo,. But the gover nment denies theyare turning to Cuba . Th e government'sposi tion seems to be that a little talkin gnever hurts an yone , especially whenone 's own interests are at stake.

Relations with theUnited States

There has also been concern in theUnited Sla tes over U.Si-Bahamian rela­tion s. hut Mr. Adderley affirmed thatthe Baham as has always had close rela­tion s with the United State s: " I supposerelation s with the United State s havebeen closer culturally and economicallyth an they were with the United Kin g­don1 a nd much more so than any othe rformer Ca ribbean depend ency of theUnited Kin gdom . No thing has happenedsince ind epend ence to change that inany fashion,"

This genui ne friend ly feeling of theBa ha mian people for the United Stateswas illustra ted in the Jun kanoo par ade,January I , 1976. Th e Junkanoo pa radeis adve rt ised by the Ministry of Tou rismas " a ka leidoscope of sou nd and spec­tacle combining a bit of Mardi Gra s.Mu mmer 's Par ade a nd ancient Africantribal ritua ls," This yea r, the parad e hada n American Bicen tenn ial theme. Thepa rticipa nts wore towering crepe pa percos tu mes depi cting Am erican them es.

T he Ba h a m a s gove r n me nt ha spla nned a series of Bicentenni al sa lutes

Sell-sufficiency in Food a Major Goal

During 1976 the government is ex­pect ing to see some rapid developm entof coo peratives in farming and fish ing.T he coope rative method of dev elopmentth rives on the initia tive of the peoplejoined with assistance from the government

In his radio intervi ew Mr. Pindlin ga lso stated tha t the governmen t hadlearned some lessons from the years1974 and 1975. "They taught us." hesaid , " tha t we have got to bolste r our­selves aga inst adverse worldwide condi­tio ns, an d particularly to do more toprod uce our own food:'

T he Bah amas, not unlike other islan dna tions. is especially vulnera ble to theforces at work in the internat ion al ma r­ket. Mr . PindHng expresse d concern a twhat might happen if there were to besubstantia l increases in oil pr ices or ifthe re were to be maj or wo rldw idedrought. " I fee l that if the re were anysu bsta ntia l new increases in oil prices,the economies of most nati ons in theWest would collapse. We here in theBah am a s would b e ve ry h a rdpressed . . . ,"

Also. any major instability in theworld food situa tion could affect theBah am as seriously. accord ing to Mr.Pindling. "Seve re drou ght that wouldforce Russia or China again to buy lar gequan tities of wheat and com and othe rag ricultura l prod ucts could have an ef­fect on the price of rice (a Baham iansta ple], sugar. flou r, and things likethat," Govemment plans call for the Baha­mas to be self-sufficient in food by 1980.

Mr. Pindling spok e of developingfishing , and the government plans to ex­tend loa ns to fishermen to buy or bui ldboat s. Though the prime minister didnot mention it di rectly . accordi ng to an­other gover nment source there is at leas tthe possibi lity that the Bahamas mayderive some technica l assistance fromCuba in deve lopi ng its fishing ind ust ry.

Cuban Help

On the ove rall issue of relations withCuba Mr. Paul Adde rley, Bahamian Ex-

meets with government's approval andca n prove they possess the resources suc­cessfully to develop a ma nufactu ring in­dustry in the Baham as can import. freeof duty, any ma teria ls a nd mach inerynecessary for build ing facto ries:'

Decla ring its intent ion to encour agedeve lopme nt in industry the BahamasDevelop ment Corpo ra tion has empha­sized that the country "will continue toprov ide wha t is a mong the best ran ge ofincen tives for the developm ent of pr ivateen terpr ise anywhere in the world. andnat ion al izat ion will not be an ins trumen tof the government's economic policy: '

Manufactu ring companies opera tingin the Baham as have a total exemptionfrom gross profit taxes for fifteen years.Also, there are no corporate taxes andno restrictions on repatriation of asse ts.C ust oms duti es on tool s and otherequipment necessary for operating amanufacturing plant are also wa ived.

Ca pitalizing on its reputation as a taxha ven and also on its economic .and po­lit ical stability, the Bahamas is hoping toa ttrac t more indu stry to furthe r bro adenits economic base which in the past hasbee n somewha t limited .

6 MARCH 1976

HUMANSURVIVAL -

WILL CHANGING,WEATHER BRINGMASS FAMINES?

by Donald D. Schroeder

Ominous changes In world weatherpatterns are taking place. Expertsare fearful that major crop failureswithin the decade could Imperilthe lives of hundreds of millionsof people.

Evidence abo unds that the world 's

weat her is changing to a less be­n eficent norm . Telltale signs are

everywhere. ..- In 1975, as in 1972, the Soviet

Uni on suffered devastating crop lossesfrom an un usually cold winter and be­low nonnal precipitation in vital grain.growing areas. Permafrost is movingsouth into agricultural land.

L . _ In recent y~ars. monsoons .havefa iled or dropped far less than averagera in in India and pa rts of China. whileBan gladesh and other nat ions in South-

1 east Asia are frequently clobbered withI devastating rain sand floods . .:'L-........,::.,....El)gland's growingseason has -been -s--

cu t almost two weeks since the early19505.

- Arctic ice and snow cover increased12% in 1972 and has persisted since .

- Fishermen from Iceland complainthe y can' t push as fa r north as they usedto due to pack ice.

- While the Northern Hemisphere isshowi ng extensive coolin g. the 'averagetemp erature at the equator has risen afraction of a degree.

- T he Sahara Desert is rapidlymarching south . Drou ght in six recentye ars brought mass devastation andstarvation to sub-Sahara nations.

- The weirdest weather conditions ofthe century gouged and soaked Austra­lia last year . ,

- Wint ers in Am erica 's Midwestbreadbask et are getting more severe.even while other are as of the U.S. havehad rece nt mild winters. Sun shinereach ing the gro und in the continentalU.S. decre ased 1.3% between 1964 and1972. In some places summers are a de­gree or two coo ler. winters as much asfour degrees coole r. .

- An unusual shortfall of rain in Cali ­forni a's rich agricultural valleys hasproduced fina ncia l disaster for manyfarmers.

- Weather in many areas of the worldis showing greater seasonal variations ofheat and cold, wetness and dryness.

Earth 's Cooling TrendMany of the unusual weather changes

have been blamed on a global coolingtrend, particularly in the NorthernHem isphere. Meteorologists a nd cli­mat ologists disagree about the ca use orduration of the trend. None are fore­casting a full-scale " Ice Age" soon .Wheth er the coo ling trend continues or

MAR CH 1976

reverses "itself. leading weather officialsalmos t universally agree that more vari­able and extreme changes in regional tern­peraturesand rainfall will appear . Th is,they fear , will upset agricultural produc­tivity in many areas for much of thecentury and jeopardize the world 's abil-ity to feed itself. .

J. Murray Mitchell Jr., of the U.S.National Atmospheric and Oceanic Ad­ministration , 'reflects a growing con­se ns us wh en he sa ys : " F ro m theagricultura l. produ ctivity point of view,the climate's not going to get better. Itcan only. get worse. . . . If there's any­th ing we can be reasonably confidentabout in terms of projections of futureclimate, it is that the climate of our crop­growing areas Will ,become more vari­able than it has been in the recent past... ·

Average global cooling has been lessthan a degree over the past 30 years . Tothe layman, relatively small changes inweather can be high ly misleading, but inmeteorolog ical terms they are highly sig­nificant. Only a little more than a degreedecrease in average temperature on theCanadian or .northern U.S. prairiescould result in a 10% decre ase in crop

yield. A slightly greater decline couldWipe out some crop varieties altoge ther.

..It will not take an apocal ypti c even tsuch as the onse t of a new ice age tobring huma n suffering from famine: 'says Henry Lansford of the NationalCenter for Atmospheric Research nearBoulder, Colorado . .

" Even if no long-term changes in cli­mate are forthcoming : ' he says. "the im­med iate potential appears to ·be 'deadlyserious. The climate trends that somescientists are predicting could bring usto a point of catastrophic conseq uencesbetween the increasing population andinadequate food supplies much soonerthan many people expect."

Modern Farmi ng May Fai l

The world has witnessed a respectableamount of inclement weather in the pastfew decade s. Still, in the o verview ofweather history , much of the world andparticularly North America had com­paratively little variability in weatherand grain production between the mid­1950s and the early seventies,

As a result. almost everyone devel­oped a dan gerou s att itude that this gen-

erally favorable weather was a more orless permament featu re.

Ne w seeds. crop varieties, fertilizers,pesticides, and farming techn ology wereopt imized to the narrow spectrum of fa­vorable temperature changes and rain­fall that prevailed . Th e marr iage" offavorab le weath er and advanced tech­nology produced impressive yields ­100% for corn alone. All this could wellfail with a return to more normal ­meaning more adverse and unrelia ble -weather conditi ons; .

The U.S. government's leading cli­matologist , J. Murray Mitchell Jr. , saidthe uniform ly good U.S. crop-growingweather of the past 15 years is "almost afluke, in a climate that over the longerrun has varied much more than that: '

Reid Bryson , climat ologist at the Un i­versity of Wisconsin, says the ' favorablew~ather . period we have just livedthrough "has been the most abnormal ofthe last thousand years ." .

James McQui gg. a government cli­matologist at the University of Missouri,adds tha t "the probability of getting an­other 15 consecutive years (as produ c­tive as the pas t 15 years] is abo ut one in10,000."

Early . last year, a National Academyof Science s -report said : "We are becom­ing increas ingly dependent on the stabil­ity of our present seemingly 'normal'climate. Our vulnerability to clima ticchange is seen to be all the more serious

- when we 'recognize that our present eli-.mate is, in fact , highly abnormal an d thatwe may already be produ cing climati cchanges as the result o f our own act ivi- .ties."

Climate Cha nges a Mystery

What causes the onset of major orminor climate fluctuations remain s

. mostly a mystery. Th e global weathe rmachine is incredibly complex. Weat herscience is still quite young and nebul ousdespite advances in computers and

, weather satellites.Weathermen know the sun, atmo­

sphe re, oceans, land surface. cloudcover, and man y other factors play im­portant roles in determining climat e andweath er patterns, but few of these rolesand their interconne ctions are thor­oughly understood.

Through core samplings of perm anentsnow fields, ocean beds , and tree rings,as well as study of mankind's variouswritten records. climatolog ists have beenable to chart numerous cooling andwarming spells_in the earth 's history.Overall, weather during the past severa lthousand years has been more agricul­turally unfavorable than weather in thefirst half of the twentieth century .

The period from the sixteenth cen tury

7

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;.

HUMANSURVIVAL

to arou nd 1890 was cha racte rized as a" Litt le Ice Age" with its seve re wintersand grea ter extremes of weath er. Fromaround th e tu rn of thi s century to ap ~

proximately 1940 th e world entered awarming spe ll. In th e Northe rn Hemi ­sphere. part icul arly. the average tem­per ature rose . acco rd ing to one estima te.a lmo st two degrees Fa hrenhe it. Duri ngth is be nefice nt period wor ld po pu lati o ndo ubled and modern agriculture pros­pered .

No w weat her re sulti ng from th epresent coolin g tre nd thr eatens to be ­come mor e un reliab le for crop produc­tion with its grea ter seaso na l va ria tionsin tempe rature and moistur e.

While scien tists d isagree as to theca use or perm an ency of the ear th's coo l­ing. a wea lt h of o bse rv a t io ns fro mwea ther sa tellites and o ther instrumentsshows its major effect : A gra d ua l ex pa n­sio n in recent yea rs of the cir cumpolarvo rte x - th e grea t icy winds that swee plike a n undulating skirt a ro und th e topand bo ttom of th e planet. It is fell byman y wea thermen th at in recent yea rsthe se expa nd ing winds have p ushed vi·ta l mon soon rai ns ou t of th eir no rma lpa ths and dumped th em elsewhere.

w eather Upsets Ca usea Rude Awakening

It took a series o f maj or weat her up ­se ts in kcy food -pro du cing a reas of theworld to jolt fa rme rs a nd wea therm en tosuspect something seriously wrong may bedevelopi ng in world weathe r pa tte rn s.

A co m bina tion ofpoor wea the r co nd i­tions around th e world in 1972 - inInd ia. Ru ss ia . C hina. Au st ra lia . and Af­rica - ju s t a bo ut wiped o ut wo rld foodreser ves.

In 1974. a n un usua lly wet spring overmuch of th e U.S. corn bell was followedby a d rought in the G rea t Plain s. T henca me a n ea rly frost that redu ced grai nproduction a t a per iod in histor y whengra in res erves were at a twe nty-ye ar low .

" I don' t beli eve the wo rld 's pr esentpopulati on is susta ina ble if the re we remo re than th ree yea rs like 1972 in aro w." says Reid Bryson , clima to logist a tthe Universi ty of Wiscon sin . He a ndo ther wea thermen ar e disturbed by th elack of gove rn me n ta l conce rn a bo utwe a ther tr end s a nd th e fai lure to e n­co ura ge th e de velopment of eithe r natu­ral food reserves or the production a nddi ssemin at ion of mor e endurable cro pva rieties.

Drought Alread y Overdue

Accor ding to leading wea the r o ffi ­cia ls. a maj or dr ou ght is a lrea dy overd uein the Ameri ca n G rea t Pla ins - now thewo rld's most importa nt breadbaske t. Afe w yea rs ago , Dr . Walter Orr Rob er ts.di rec to r of th e Na tiona l Center for At ­mospheric Resea rch , sa id : " I pe rson a llya m wa tching very in tently for a d rou gh tin the mid-1970s in the high plain s: '

D r. Rob erts a nd o thers say th e evi­dence is pre tty concl usi ve th er e ha vebee n a t least eigh t successive dr y peri od seas t of th e Rockies spa ced 20 10 23 yearsapart. No one knows why the y occur,a lthough th er e a re ma ny the ori es. C li­ma to log ists nearl y a ll ag ree. how ever .that a d rou ght in America 's heartlandwould hav e di sast rous effec ts on thewo rld.

Dr . Irvin g K rick, not ed long- ran gewea the r for ecaster . told our researchsta ff: " Now we th ink that the latter halfo f th e seve nties will bring more ge ne ra ldrought. exte nd ing from th e South westup , e ncroachi ng farther north a nd cas tin to th e gra in belts o f Kan sas, th e corna reas of Iowa, Illin o is. a nd so fort h."

Dr. S te phen H. Schn eider, researchsc ie n t is t a t t he Bo u ld er . Co lo rad o .wea the r resea rch ce nter , a lso told ourin te rviewers recently: " I would say tha tthe od ds of hav ing d roug ht condi tion s inthe seven ties a re pr ob ab ly high er th anthey wer e in the sixties withou t a ny th e­o ry at a ll - j ust beca use we've had ave ry good stre tch in the last fiftee n yea rsin the Uni ted Sta tes."

Technology to the Rescue

Ho w ca n mankind meet th e threat ofmore unfavorable wea the r?

In an ex te nded drought . ma ssive irr i­ga tion is a tempor a ry. not a permanent.so lu tion as gro un d a nd surface wa te rresou rces become q uickly d epl et ed .

Lar ge-scal e. a rtificia lly ind uced ra in(u se less to begin with without sufficien tme isture-bcar ing clo uds) pot en tia lly ca ndo as much ha rm as good. Increas ingra infall in o ne a rea by such meth od soft en merely ro bs an ot her a rea of itsvi ta l sha re . if it doesn 't cau se ot herhavoc.

With the ir presen t sta te of incompletekn ow ledge. meteorologists know theyda re not a ttem pt massive in te rfe rence inwea the r o r th ey co uld tu rn a reg iona lca la m ity int o a wider cat ast rophe. Yet inthe immediat e fu tur e, fa vorable wea the rand goo d rain will be even more im por­tant for human surviva l than mod erntechnology. fe rtilizers. o r fuel.

Is Mankind He lpless ?g

Wh y so much adverse wea ther ? Is it ~

a ll scien tifica lly expla ina ble? More im­porta nt. is ma nkind tot all y helpless be­fo re the massive a nd co mp lex for ces ofwe a ther? A n often for go tten a nd ig­nor ed sou rce , the Bible. revea ls the an­swer. It is God who ult ima tely co ntro lsthe wea the r.

Wea th er o pe ra tes accord ing to ph ysi­ca l a nd che m ica l laws. T he Creator Godse t th ose law s in motion (Jerem iah10: 13). but Go d's Word also reveals heintervenes in th ose law s whenever nece s­sa ry 10 fulfi ll his purposes (Job 37: 10­13).

Our mod ern na tio ns are bringing a llkinds of curses on th em selves as the nat ­ura l result o f thei r ow n wro ng wa ys( Le vi tic us 26 a nd D e ut eron omy 28na me so me o f the m). Wea thermen a reno w say ing some unfavora ble wea therco nd itions may be ca used by mankind 'sprese nt d ish armony with nat ur e (secp. 10). But th is may nOI be the onlycause of up set wea ther cond itions.

T he Bible co ntai ns exa mple s of Godcha ng ing wea ther pa tte rn s either tobless a peopl e or to pun ish nat ion s forthe ir mounting na tion al s ins.

G od warned the sin-laden Israelit esth at. if the y continued in their iniqu it ies.he would withdraw his blessin gs - suchas ra in - from th em : "T he re for e th eshowe rs ha ve been withheld . a nd th espring ra in has not co me " (Jeremi ah 3:3 ,RSV ; see also Jer , 14 :22; Isa. 5:6).

Co nt inuou sly, God wa rned th e an -

cient Israelit es of th e rea son for pro·tracted spe lls of incle me nt wea ther:"... when hea ven is shut up. a nd there isno ra in. because they have sinned againstthee . . . " (I Kings 8:35; see also Amos4:6-9).

God promised his people: " If ye walk inmy statutes. and keep my comm andments.and do them: then I will give you ra in indue season. and th e land shall yield herincrea se. a nd th e tree s o f the field sha llyield their fruit " (Leviticus 26:3-4).

But G od a lso gav e a pro phetic wa rn­ing , applicab le in principle to any pro udna tion th a t forsa kes God a nd refuses (0

turn fro m its nati on a l sins: " I will breakthe pride of your power; and I will makeyo ur heav en as iro n [endless da ys orsco rching sun I. a nd your ea rth as bra ss[d rought-har dened ea rth ] . .. for yourlan d sha ll not yield he r increase" (vs. 19­20).

In our resou rce-hungry world . Arn er ­ica prides itse lf on its agricultura l poweron the int ern a tional sce ne. But ho wqui ckly that " pride" could be broken byth e one wh o ultimately controls th epo werful for ces of th e weather !

A Powe r Bigger Than Weather

Despite th e cond itions or trends. nona lion or peopl e is totally helpless be­fore the ra vages of weat her.

Th e examples of the Bible reveal tha tthe right kind o f pra yer. o r lack of it , ca ncha ng e wea ther one way o r the o ther(Ja mes 5:16-18). God is merci ful (Mat ­the w 5:45 ), a nd he says he will in tervenewith healing wea the r if a na tion hum ­bles itself. seeks him in earnest prayer .a n d turn s fr om it s ev i l w ay s(11 Chronicles 6:26-27; 7: 13-14).

God's promises a nd warnings con­cerning weather and ag ricultura l pros­perity a re record ed for a ll nat ion s toheed , no t j ust a ncient Israel. Th e C re­a to r ha s a supreme pur pose for ma n­kind . but na tion s eve rywhe re. in everysphere of ac tivi ty - physical. moral. andsp iritua l - a re des troying themselvesa nd fu ture ge ne ra tions. A co ncern edG od uses up se t weather condition s asbu t one mea ns. if necessa ry, to warnna tio ns to (u rn from the ir errone ou sway s.

Yes. th e future of all humanity han gs.now more than ever befor e. on the fo r­tunes of wea the r.

Perhaps the most ur gent a nd pr essin gq ues tion to discu ss a t the ne xt int er ­nati on al food co nference is not wha tscience a nd mon ey ca n do to halt th rea t­en ing mass famines. but the need fornat ion s to tu rn fro m their ido la trou sways in tim e for G od to in ter ve ne in thewea ther for their good. 0

MARCH 1976

HUMANSURVIVAL

RETURN·OFTHE 'A

DUST BOWL FEARED·

--'f-.,

will probably experience water short­ages by the end of the decade even withno further increases in the use of irriga­tion . And most of the earth's irrigationpotential has already been tapped.

Irrigation also has detrimental ecolog­ical aspects. Millions of acres in Paki­stan, Egypt, Greece, and South Americahave been transformed into ' veritablesalt deserts because of excessive use ofirrigation techni ques : Irrigated acreshave also become a fertile breedingground for parasitic diseases such as ma­laria and schistosomiasis . '

Moreover, the fertilizers on which theGreen Revolution is so dependent arenow in very, tight supply. And what -isavailable is often prohibitively ex­pensive. This is largely due to the sky,rocketing cost of fertilizer raw materials- chiefly natural gas - as well as thecost of the energy needed for fertil izer .production. Since there is no likelihoodof a return to either cheap energy or rawma terials in the foreseeable future, thecost of fert ilizer will undoubtedly con­tinue to soar;' with grave .implicationsfor the Green Revolution.

- Robert Ginskey

make more acreage available for addi ­tional crops and to make possible theuse of central pivot revolving irrigationsystems.

Forestry and agricu ltural experts, andeven the Federal Government's GeneralAccounting Office, are saying that suchpractices are short-sighted and potenti­ally catastrophic. They point out thatfuture droughts are a certainty, at whichtime the shelterbelt windbreaks willagai n be important - if they still exist!

Th e weather this spring and summermay well deter mine whe ther the grow­ing concern over the windbreak trees iselevated to action.

THE BROWNING OFTHE GREEN REVOLUTIONThe mid-1960 's witnessed a much

ba llyhooed scientific break­through in crop prod uction

known as the Green Revolution . -Con­sidered a major contribution 'in theba ttle to expand grain production in the

- food deficient countries, the Green Rev­olution focused on the development andinternational dissemination .of high­yielding dwarf wheats and - rices. Thenew strains were highly responsive toferti lizer and promised to significantlyincrease yields if properly cult ivated. .

When the new strainswere introducedin nations such as the Philippines, Mex­ico, Ceylon, and India, stunning in­

. creases in crop yields followed . Indiadoubled its wheat crop in a six-yearperiod - a truly incred ible accomplish­ment. Mex ico, the Philippines, Pakis tan , _and Turkey also had remarkable in- "creases in crop production.

The successes of the Green Revo lu­tion enabled many countries to cut backin grain imports and to even begin ex­porting grain. India, riding the crest ofthe Green Revolu tion, was nearly self­sufficient in grain by 1970. Mexico be-

. gan exporting ten percent of its grain "Miracle Grains" Vulnerablecrop. The _Philipp ines, thanks to theGreen Revolutjon,stopped,importing The hybrid grains of the Green Revo- _

" ric~:~~~~;:~l ~~fso~~~~~~~~::",,>,--, ; ,; - ~~~~o·Mii'i~§~!f~~a,,~:~{~bfihs~j[f"·~-"~i. .Beginning in 1972, crop yields not meant increased use of costly chemical

only levelled off but declined 22 million pesticides to protect the less hearty hy-metric tons, or seven percent. Output of brids. A dangerous trend toward cropall grains combined fell by four percent, uni formity has also developed which haswhich was a per capita decline of six plant geneticists visibly concerned. The

philippines tas ted the fruits of the Green ·percent due to populatio ns' insistent Revolution in 1971 when a virus diseasetwo-percent-per-year growth .

Now Mexico imports 20% of its gra in, cah

lled tungro -plauyesd havoc with theirybrid rice. The .S. 'com crop of 1970

an d the Philippines is again importing was likewise decimated because of therice on a large scale. genetic uniformity factor.

The problem with the Green Revolu- The new hybrids of the Green Revo-tion is that it involves a highly comp lex lution are also often high in quantityand sophisticated form of agriculture produced but lower in quality than tra-necessi tating large amounts of water, ditiona l varieties . Fat and carbohydratefertilizer, and pesticides . For instance, contents of the new grains rose, but pro-four to seven tiines more water is re- teinlevels dropped. Also, acres formerly'quired per acre to achieve the copious planted in nutritious vegetables andcrop yields that characterize the Green beans were sacrificed in the push forRevo lution, as opposed to traditional higher grain yields .agricultura l practices u tilizing older The resu lt is that" the Green Revolu-lower-yield seed varieties. Yet fresh tion can no longer be considered a pan-water is _becoming increasingly scarce. acea for a hungry world.The U.N. Food and Agricultural Orga-niza tion has predicted that 60 nations Only Postponing-the Inevitable

Act ually , even during the early yearsof the Green Revolution, many scien­tists including _Norman Borlaug, theoriginator of the dwarf wheats , cau­tioned that the new seeds should not beviewed as a solution to the food prob­lem . The new seeds were simply buyingtime, the experts emphasized - perhapsanother 15 to 20 years at the most - in ­which to get the world 's burgeoningpopulation growth under control. Aboutha lf of tha t time has now passed, andlittle has been accomplished.

With the browning of the Green Rev­olution and the relentless growth of theworld 's population, the future prospectsfor a technological fix on global faminelook grim indeed .

- Robert Ginskey

weeks, heavy soil erosion could kill largeamounts of the na tion's . red winter"wheat crop , which already has beenstunted by dry weather.

Rainfall patterns in the Great Plainsover the last 85 years reveal"a tendencytoward dry weather abo ut every 20years. The driest years on record were1936 and 1956, and this indicates that1976 might also be a drought yea r.

Can anything be done to amelioratethe impact of drought? Back in 1934,Americans launched the largest projectever to modify the impact of climate andagricultural conditions in the U.S. Theoperation, known as the Prairie StatesForestry Project , involv ed the plantingof some 222 million trees and shrubs,designed to hold the blowing topsoil andswirling sand of the dust bowl. These"shelterbelts" _were planted in a stag­gere d 200-mile -wide swath stretching1,000 miles, from the Dakotas sout h intothe Texas panhandle.

Today, however, the original purposeof the shelterbelts seems large ly forgot ­ten. In fact . many are being cut down to

I n the 1930's, a black blizzard of dustand sand swirled across the GreatPlains of the United States. It was a

lime of desiccating drought and erosio­nal devastation. as the American GreatPlains threatened to become the GreatAmerican Desert. Wind-blown topsoilfrom Oklahoma; Kansas, Nebraska, andNorth -and South Dakota settled inWashington: D.C.; and even on ships inthe Atlantic. _,

The climate eventually changed anderosion greatly dim inished, but thosewho lived through the excruciating DustBowl days of the "Dirty Thirties" havethe biting sand storms of that era etchedpermanently in their memories.

In the winte rs of 1954 and 1955,heavy wind and drought again ravagedthe Great Plains , extensively damagingcrops, but not to the devas ta ting degreeof two decades earlier .

Now, in the mid-seventies a long. dryspell is once more setting the stage forwhat could become the worst droughtand "wind erosion .in decades . Unlessrain- or snow comes in the next few

MARCH 1976 9

HUMANSURVIVAL

TECHNOLOGY'S TOLL: xHAYWIRE WEATHER?

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Please sen d me a free copy of the booklet,The Pale Horse : Di~ase Epidemics.

Through out history , disease has been mank ind 's greatest .enemy in terms of sheer loss of life. The Black Plague of thefourteenth century is estim ated to have wiped out one thirdto one half of humanity. Even as late as the twentieth cen­tury, the influenza epidemic of 1918 cla imed more lives thanwere lost duri ng the fir st World War . Today, most peoplefeel that devastating epid emics are unlikely to occur in themore advanced countries. Still , health off ic ials warn that,under certain conditions , plague-like epidemics cou ld oc­cur. The book of Revelat ion , in the famous " four horsemen"prophecy, predicts a terrifying time when disease, combinedwith war and famine, will bring unprecedented, worldwidedevastation. For an interesting look at dis­ease.epidemics - past, present and future-: please request your free copy of ournewest booklet, The Pale Horse: DiseaseEpidem ics .

We haven't seen..~ -~ ~ 'l1\e listof the···

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on weekends. The researchers dete r­mined that floating part iculates belchedfrom factor ies were seeding cloud s (sup­ply ing nuclei up on which moisturecou ld cond ense) - triggering the extraweekday rain.

Even more surprisi ng was the discov­ery that one city's pollution can causeanot her city's rain .

Drifting ' pollut an ts can seed cloudshovering over suburbs as far as 30 milesdownwind of indus tri al areas, triggering10% to 30% more freque nt rain fall thanin other compa ra ble locat ions.

Cha ngnon notes La Porte , Indi an a, asa famous case in point. Located 30 milesdown wind (east) of hea vily indus­tr ia li ze d C hicago, La Porte h a sexpe rienced an unusual increase in pre­cipitation of between 30% and 40% since1925.

Between 1951 and 1965 - a period ofra pid growth in the steel industry - LaPort e had 31% more rain, 38% morethunderstorm s, and 246 more days ofha il than nea rby weather sta tions in illi­nois, Ind ian a, and Michigan .

Although the La Porte case 'continuesto be shrouded in some controversy, thebasic idea that a city can affect weatherbeyo nd its own bord ers remai ns con­firmed . Forty-th ree percent of all Ameri-

... ca ns tivin g-in-cit iesor-in their.downwind-e­sha dows are affected by indus tria lly in­d uced weather .

Increasing evidence also indicates tha tman may be de stroying th e atmo­sp here's protect ive ozone layer with the -,exhaust from je t airc ra ft, the products ofnucle ar tests, and the fluorocarbons usedin aerosols. .

Muc h has yet to be learned about themany factors that contri bute to chang­ing globa l weather pa tterns. So far, itwoul d seem that man is affecting theear th's wea ther more by accident thanhe is in deliberate attem pts at control.

Althoug h ,man's activities may seemminiscule compared to the forces thatgenerate weather, climatologist Walte rOrr Roberts feels "t here might be somesma ll, sensitive points where a sma ll tn­tervention may have big effects. "

How big?Dr . Stephen H. Schneider of the Na­

tio nal Center for Atmospheric Researchoffers two possibilites: One theory is thatair- pollution will lead to a ma rked in­creas e in the earth 's temperat ure, thusmelting the polar icecaps and raisingocean levels above New York, Lond on,and othe r coas ta l cities.

The second theory extrapolates thepresent cooling trend leadi ng to a newice age in the near future.

According to Reid Bryson , Director ofthe Institute for Environmental Stud iesat Wisconsin University, "this is notmerely something of academic inte rest.It is somet hing that , if it continues, willaffec! the whole huma n occupa tion ofthe earth, like a billion people starving."

Altho ugh only theories, either of thesegrim scena rios could eventually takecenter stage if man's weather-warpingtechno logy continues unchecked. :

- Alexander R. Lukes

Today, "n atural causes" can nolonger take full credit for upsetweather and changing clima te.

Modem technology is mak ing man anunwitt ing yet pote ntia lly significant con­trib utor.

Man , in his far- reac hing indu stria land agricu ltural act ivities. is ina dvert­ently altering at least some local or re­gional meteorological patt erns, if no tweath er on a greater scale.

Between 1880 and 1940 the earth'save rage temperature rose slightly overone degree Fahrenheit. According tosome scientists, th is rise was partly dueto an increase in heat-absorb ing carbo ndioxi de - six billion tons of which arebelched skyward each yea r from gaso­line-burning aut os and heat-stokin g fac­tories .

But at the same time. many tons ofai rborne partic ulates (smoke, soot , dust,etc .) from both industria l and agricul­tural activities are either abso rbing orback-scattering the sun's heat, contrib­ut ing. accord ing to some weat he rmen, toa cooling trend which has dropped glo­bal temperatures nearly 3/4 of a deg reein recent decades.

Some scientists feel if it were not forthis offsettin g factor, man 's contribution

~~Jhe,~n,~<1i~.£i!.t~- ,_t~:~a~~~p~~~r,~ ,coufa mcreast'liie eart li's temperaturean additional two to three degrees with inthe next cent ury.

Overgrazing of land and the prospectof defo restation in the tropics pose addi­tional problems. Such prac tices can in­creas e the eart h's albedo (amo unt ofsunlight reflected back into space fromthe eart h), thus further contri buti ng to acool weat her trend.

Computer predic tions have dete r­mined that reducing tro pical fores t acre­age in Asia, South America , and Africawould redu ce worldwide tem peratures :by 1/3 of a degree. Accompa nying ared uction in temperatures would be aneight-inch decrease in rainfa ll ' in thetropics and a half- inch drop in theno rthern tem perate zones .

A reduction in rain could also cause awea kening of tropics-based air circula­tion curre nts. Scientists fear that ma rkedaltera tion of \bese major systems migbteventually upset the weather pa tterns ofwhole continents.

How Cities Affect Weath er

In the mea ntime, many climat ologistsare focusing their atte ntion on citieswhere a human ca usal link to upsetweather is most easily observed. .

. Heat-generating : fu rnaces, powerplants, and industrial com plexes, plusheat-storing buildings, sidewa lks, andstreets keep cities warmer by day andnig ht. Even ing wint er temperaturescan be ten degrees wanner in a city thanin nearby rural areas .

. Particulate matter in poll uted air caneven - be a source of city-induced rain.Climatologists F. A. Hunt and S. A.Changnon Jr. of the Illinois State Wat erSurv ey found industrialized St. Louis re­ceiving 7% ".lore rain on weekdays than

10 MARCH 1976 176

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His matchless LOVE toward us. I'm surewe don't grasp what a supreme price Hepaid to make it possible. He wants us tobe CHANGED - to overcome and root outthis debasing, rotten carnality we allhave in us - and to GROW into Hisrighteousness, that we may SHARE HisGLORY_

And, you kn ow, I believe God wantsand longs to share the supreml;: GLORY

that He has with YOU! Make it yoursupreme overall life VOCATION, andWORK HARD AT IT! 0

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Of course, we're not claiming the Bible will teach you all about the in·tricacies of international politics. But it will show you why mankind hasbeen unable to solve the problems of war, poverty, crime and human rnls­ery. Skeptical? Why not find out for yourself? Write for these free publica­tions: The Good News magazine and -tne iAmbassador College BibleCorrespondence Course .

or benefit you, bu t it could consig n YOUto "eternal punishment! Whether YOU be­lieve -it or not , I have come, by years ofexperience and learning the HARD WAY,to have supreme faith that GOD willnever neglect to correct or punish mewherever I deserve it! You may TRUST

HIM to do it!Remember what a GLORIOUS GOAL

we have befo re us!How GRATEFUL we ought to be! How

our hearts ought to be FLOODED withlove and gratitude to the great God for

If you understand the Bible,you understand leday's world.

quires utter CONSECRATION. It requirestotal EARNESTNESS.

Yes, it requires the appl ication of theother six laws of SUCCESS: education, inwhich the Bible is the main textbook;good physical health; DRIVE, or concen­trated DILIGENCE and EFFORT; resource­fulness; sticking to it - enduring; andcontinual contact with , and the guid­ance, help , and power of GOD.

True spiritual mindedness is not asticky sentimentalism. It is NOT a certainemotion al mood . It is not the use of acertain religious phraseology, sayingconstantly, "Praise the Lord," or,"Glory, Hallelujah." I have knownmany people whose TALK is so very"spiritual" - but whose hearts were asfar from God as the prophet Isaiah de­scribed. (See Isaiah 29:13.)"

Jesus Christ was a perfectly SPIRITUALman, But He did not go about usingsuch mushy language. He was not a girl­ish, effeminate, sentimental, or emo­tional weakling . He was a strong, virile,masterful, yet kind and gentle MAN. Hepossessed LEADERSHIP, STRENGTH, PUR ­

POSE , and SUPREME STRON G WILL, yetthese masculine qualities of strength andpower were perfectly blended with wis­dom, judgment, knowledge, understand­ing , justice, and al so pa rience ,compassion, and mercy . He was filledwith PEACE, LOVE, and FAITH_ And His

". WILL, strong as it was , was totally .. yielded and obedient to GOD_ AU this

was the character of GOD.

He is our PAITERN. We must imitateHim - copy Him,

Look at the men of God in the OldTestament: Abraham, Noah, Joseph,David, Daniel, Elijah . They were all dif­ferent from Christ in one respect inwhich you and I must also be different.They had human weaknesses, and alldid sin ; yet these men all repented andstrove to overcome . But they were allmen of strong PURPOSE, strong WILL

guided by God, all possessed leadership,but also love, faith , and a consecratedOBEDIENCE to the will of GOD. But theywere not effeminate, sentimental menindulging in an affected, put-on, reli­giou s-sounding way of talking,

Look at the apostles Peter and Paul.They were the same . You don't find anyof this pseudo "spirituality" in them; yelthey were truly SPIRITUAL men , devotedto obeying God and serving the needs ofthe people.

But one thing to watch and guardagainst every second , in the way of atti­tude, is resentment, bitterness, and ha­tred. Don't let ANYTHING, no matterhow unjust, make you sour and bitter,That is the deadliest mental and spir i­tual POI SON . We must LOVE even ourenemies who perpetrate the greatest out­rage s - though we do not condone theirevils .

If you even think I'M Wrong aboutanything , don 't get Jour or biller about it- let GOD correct and punish me ­vengeance is HIS, you know. Resent­ment against me won't either punish me

Name

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(Continuedfrom pOKe I)

PRAYER, you cannot maintain CQNTACT .

with God. And when that conta ct is bro­ken, you are CUT OFF from Him, and Hisspiritual LIFE, LOVE, and very NATURE

cease flowing into you .For . understand, these divine at­

tributes of His spirit DO FLOW! They areIN MOTION. They do not stagnate. YoueitherGROW spiritually in knowledge, in .grace. and . in '. God's character or you 'deteriorate back toward becoming amere physical animal , to die in ETERNALPUNISHMENT in the lake of fire!

But if God, arid the things of God ­His revealed knowledge, His law, Hislove , His WAY for you to live - are .constantly foremost in your mind, yourthoughts, and your interest, then you arePRAYING ALWAYS. You are in a constantSPIRIT Of PRAYER - a constant MENTAL

ATTITUDE of prayer. The contact ·withGod must be perpetual!

This kind of Christian life, the onlykind that trul y IS Christian, requires, asthe Bible emphasizes repeatedly, zealousDILIGENCE. You must CONC ENT RATE onit. You must be DEDICATED to it. It re-

MARCH 1976 II

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Iff- S,,;qby Stanley_R. Rader

orchidsCf-. .• . (ORlens

Evan Hansen.Beryl, UT

Lebanon's li'agic Demise x

Washin9ton. D.C., January 11, 1976: 'Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israelarri ved several days ago in Washington to urge the Ford Administration torestore $500,000,000 in aid that it had announced plans to cut for the fiscal yea r1976-1977. Mr . Rabin also wanted to reassess the overall Middle East situationand, of course, secure broad public support in the United States for wha t willsurely be an Israeli hardening of its position in future negoti ations with Egyptand Syria. . .

President Ford hosted Mr. Rabin as guest of honor at a special dinner at theWhite House, and Mr. Rabin addressed a jo int session of the Congress. He wasassured by President Ford of cont inued American support.

T he President urged further steps to advance peace negotiations; bu t Mr .Ra bin 'said, "You cannot achieve peace bot from the standpoint of strength. Itcanno t be done' from a standpoint of weakn ess. Witha weak Israel. no one willnegotiate. On ly in a strong Israel can there be a hop e for peace ." .

Recent events in Lebanon have perhaps mad e Israel's position more accept­able to the United States. In bringing about a destruction of a Lebanon that hasthrived for almost a millennium as a haven for minority groups from all over theMideast - minorities as disparate as Christian Mar onites, Arm enians, Dru ses,and Jews (as well as Palestinian refugees 'during the past 20 years) - the Ara bworld has dem onstr ated Israel's right to be skeptical of Moslem or Arab toler­ance and atrue desire for peace andreconciliation in the area. .~ " :', o.u t ofall .of the Arab sta tes;' Lebanon was .the only democracy. It was the .only country with a free press, free electio ns. and civil liberti es. It had been heldup for so many years by moderates in the Arab world as an example ofChristians and Moslems (as well .as other minority groups) living together inpeace, harmony, and cooperation as they ' succeeded in building a financia lcommunity without parallel in the Arab world . .

Now PLO forces, suppo rted by Syria . are pat rolling the streets of Beirut ,altho ugh there is some evidence that a withd rawal of these forces is tak ing place.Mr. Arafat has demonstrated that he is ca lling the shots , however, and tha t hehas stro ng backing from Syria, th e mo st bellicose o f Israel's nei gh­bors .

In the ' Lebanese crisis the world was reminded once again of the terribledangers that are ever-present in the explosive Middle East. Confrontation be­tween the superpowers was a distinct possibil ity last week. The United States wasforced to exercise all of its influence to persuade Israe l to restr ain itself, perh aps.fro m inva ding Lebanon to protect Israel 's vita l interests. At the same time, theUni ted Sta tes was forced to exerc ise grea t rest raint in the face of an eleventh­hour request for Ame rican intervention, as occurred in 1956 when PresidentEisen hower sent in 5.000 United States mar ines to maintain Lebanon's sover­eignty.

Several columns ago, this reporter emphasized that the civil strife in Leba ­non would not cease without great efforts on the part of all parties within andwith out Lebanon, despite a cease -fire that was being observed at the time. Thecease- fire that is now in opera tion will likely be no more success ful. Th e Chris tianMaron ite element , presently conceding to the dem ands of Syria, the PLO, andthe Moslem element, will not give up completely, and it is doubtful that Syriawill not be further tempted to force a permanent division of Lebanon. Syria 'sprestige has already been greatly enh anced as a result of its role in dicta ting theterms of the agreements concluded with the Lebanese government .

Tomorrow, Mr. Herbert W. Armstron g and I will depart for Paris , Jerusa­lem, and Ca iro. We expect to have very meaningful discussions with lead ers inbot h Israel and Egypt. wher e the world is fortuna te to have many men ofgoodwill and peace who continue their efforts to bring ab out a soluti on to aproblem tha t concerns all of humanity. Mr . Arm strong will speak before thelead ers in Jerusalem and Cairo ,-as he has in the past. as an ambassador for worldpeace.

Mr. Armstrong will stress, as he has so often , that the wor ld needs greathumanitarian efforts . It needs demonstrations of concern for others. It needs anunderstand ing and appreciation of international cultures and , above all, theworld sorely needs to grasp the spiritual dimen sion - an understanding of thegreat transcend ent purpose for all hum an ity.

12

lettersBaikal and Tahoe >--

It was with great trep idation that I readthe article, "The Death of the Oceans" in;the Janu ary ' 1 ~76 issue. It is very regret­table that Ga-mer Ted Armstrong in th isarticle has compromised his integri ty as 10~

stating fact... . When a gross ,untruth issta ted it makes one skept ical about accepl­ing any other statement as truth .

The gross unt ruth: "T he world 's largest'fresh-water lake , l ake Baikal" - area13,180 sq. miles (ranks 81h if we eliminatethe Caspian).

Fact, Lake Superior: area .31,820 sq.miles.

Sec ond doubtfu l stateme nt: " La keTahoe . . . one of the largest fresh-wat erlake s in the world .. . ."

I think he is letting his imagination runawa y with his reason . .

Lake Tahoe doesn't qualify in the firstfifty. Let us have fact, nor fiction .

H. J . Bolivar,Oliver, B.C.

• The answer to the question yo u posed liesin the meaning ofthe word "largest.", Larg­est in what way? By surface area? Or byvolume? ,

The fa ct is. volume is now being increas­ingly used as the determinant fo r rankin gbodies of water by size. The 1974 edition(15th edition) of the Encyclopaedia Britan­nica, fo r example, rates Lak e Baikal in Si ­beria first in size on this basis (see volume/0 , page 600). ~

Lak e Baikal - the' world's deepest fresh ­water lake (over a mile deep) - is believed tocontain one fifth of the entire world~ f reshwater reserves, almost as much as all of theGreat Lakes combined! Baikal containsabout 11.000 cubic kilometers (or 5,000 cu­bic. miles) of water. Lake Superior, by con­trast, contains only 11.000 cubic k ilometers(or 1,000 cubic miles). In total volume ofwater. therefor e, Lake S uperior is f ar fr omsuperior.

As for Lake Tahoe, the situation is sim­ilar. Tahoe (which is also very deep. 1645feet in one place) contains such a tremen­dous volume of water that it could cover allof the state of California to a depth offo ur..teen inches!

Moderates and Marxists

I really enjoyed the article, "Women'sLib 7 5: Moderates vs. Mar xists." But Ithink you 've:failed to understand the entire 'issue. .

You were agreeable with equ al pay forequal work. 'That isn't possib le. however.unle ss husbands assume equ al responsi­bility for child rearing. Otherw ise womenfeel forced 10 give up their goals and ca­reers. Th ere is no reason for this! Insteadthe decision must be made by both . beforemarriage.

This again would be impossible for.mostmarriages unless men could come to feelIhal housework /child care is an honorabl eposition thai wouldn 't threaten their egos.So it is uuerly necessary to re-evaluate sexroles. This would nor destroy the family{i.e.• my mom 's best friend is a doctor and

Mrs. Margaret Brown,Placerville, CA

R egard i.ng Wom e n ' s Lib e r a i io n :Women. like .men. should be allow edch oice , th e freedom 10 decide . Somewomen sho uldn' t be allowed anywherenear children. Just because they can breed"does not -make them mothe rs.

Some are abso lute slobs where runn ing ahouse is concerned. but they can run ade par tment or ward. Some loathe cooking.sewing or any of the so-called "fe mininearts:'

Then there are men of great ten dern essand love who adore child ren. T here arethose who love to cook, make things andrun a home very efficiently. And why not'!Lei men also enjoy the freedom of choice.

The famil y will not disappear , bUIit willcha nge rad ically, which is good. lis concep­tion is left over from another age, when afem ale bore children endlessly .and wasonly valued for ' her ability to do so. . . .Brains. intelligence are essential todaywhether male or female , and we can' t af­ford to waste any.

Brenda Smith ,lake Como, F L

I prop ose adding a simple sentence 10ERA as il stands now. The exact wordingcould be chang ed if needed, but I word if:uno person may be denied the right ofpersonal cho ice in mail ers regard ing tradi ­tion al sex roles, or natural differences be­tween the sexes."

Isn't personal choice what 99% of theWomen 's Libbers say they wan t'! And isn' tthis same right of personal choice whatmakes the oppos ition so mad'! I doubt ifover 1% of the Iibbers are actually Marx­ists. despit e the fact that they make most ofthe noise.. Most of these women are sin­cerely trying 10 make a bette r oppor tunityfor women , As the art icle says, these are~wo rthy goals.

1 app reciate your fair assessment of thewom en 's mo ve me nt in yo ur article ,"Wo men's Lib '75: Moderates vs. Marx ­iSIS,"

Howe ver, I disagree with your statement.UIf more women would disown the rad ical ­fringe, more men would accepl more read­ily the reason able requ ests of responsiblewomen."

Perh aps if men had accep ted the reason­able requ ests of responsible women in thefirst place , tne women's movement wouldnever have take n on such mili tan t over­ton es.

We can 't afford 10 play, " You do yourpari, then I'll do mine ," with the future ofou r civilization, Both men and womenmust join in a coopera tive effort 10 insurethe rightsof all of us.

D.J . King,Man kato , MN

MARCH 1976

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.\

Ambassador College is a unique in- munication, and general studies. Course workstitutiO. n, concerning itse lf with th,-, de- in vocal and instrumental music, dance, the-velopment of the whole person - ater arts, newspaper journalism, and broad-dedicated to recapturing true values. As casting are also available.such, it is a coeducational liberal arts in- Ambassador College is known not only for

stitution, emphasizing not only the arts and its beautiful campuses, but also for a small-sciences, but also the development of well- college, personal atmosphere. Its faculty-to-rounded, balanced, human character. student ratio is conducive to much 'more per-

Ambassador College recognizes the most sonalized instruction than is available in theserious need on .earth is permanent and last- huge institutions of tens of thousands of stu-ing peace. Its entire philosophical under- dents in computerized studies. There are onlypinnings are concerned with discovering the BOO students on the Pasadena, California cam-cause of peace, educating students in the pus and 600 enrolled on the Big Sandy, Texasconcepts and values that lead to real success campus.in life, and helping them discover the true val- Ambassador College students come from allues of life and how to live them. In doing so , over the United States, Canada, and the world.we offer many courses .of instruction which Some 25 nations are represented. Studentshelp the individual prepare for a meaningful come from Europe, the Mideast, Africa, andcareer. We believe that teaching young people Australia. Ambassador College is fully in- year with a winning season and doi ng veryhow to live is as important as teaching them tegrated and admits students regardless of well this year against such schools as the Uni-how to "earn a living. " race, color, or national and ethnic origin. versity of Redlands, University of Nevada, U.C.

Our academic program is built ·around a Study is only a part of student life. Ambassa- San Diego, U.S.I .U., Southern Utah State,andcore. ofc.ourse. w. ork .in th!"ol()gy .a.s well a~ i~ '. dor Colle.ge offers a wi.de variety .of inter- ' Simon fraser University of; vancouver, Britis,h\!J,'yai"'aftS':-Tht.illogy 'courses' examinli\g' the" ';;' coli<lg.iite"and' intramural 'athlet ic"act ivit ies iar' .'.Columbia" . •. ••• ••,',~,~ . , ' .,."" .•.,.•.., ." ., ••., " ", ••,.';....,

Bible in the light of today's world, as well as men and women. These include aquatics, bas- In short, at Ambassador College academicmoral, ethical, and spiritual values of the indi- ketball, handball, racketball, gymnastics, golf, study, recreational opportunities, work, andvidual, are emphasized in a positive per- tennis; track and field, cross-country, cycling value development all combine in laying thespective. Major degree programs built on this and racing, volleyball , and weight foundation for personal success.basic foundation include business administra- lifting. While our women's bas- If you are serious about college, you shouldtion, chemistry, English, history, home eco- ketball team is in its first year write for more information. You may write to .nomics, mass communication, music, physical of intercollegiate play, our the Admissions Office, Ambassador College,education, psychology, Spanish, speech com- men 's team, the Ambassa- 300 West Green Street, Pasadena, California

. dor Royals , is almost 91123 or to the Admissions Office, Ambassa-through its second year of dor College, Big Sandy, Texas 75755 . You may

Ambassador College admits students of any race, color. and intercollegiate com- also obtain information by dialing our toll-free• national orethnic origin. petition, ending the first' number: (BOO) 423-4444.

"PEOPLE ASK ME CONTINUALLYABOUT AMBASSADOR.COLLEGE• .JUST WHAT KINDOF COLLEGE IS IT?"

MARCH 1976 13

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America's Two Choices 'l'-

world , to appear to be so totally righ teou s of our troops. But Amer ica ns came face-that we would neve r dare engage in any to -face for the f irst tim e, in Korea, withkind of furtive or clandestine ' acti vities .Am erican military personn el desert ingelsewhere in the world. not only their army , but also de serti ng

The Soviet Union, on the oth er hand , the ir country and going over to the other side.doesn't recognize any " rules," but will Many, if not most. of th e deserters haveplay the game 01 big power politics any come back to the Un ited State s, and weway it ca n. And many other st~tes are the have seen that they learned som e rath ersame way . 'f· severe lessons. Butit too k th em 10,15, or

But we are righteous, you see. We are more years to learn those lessons.holy. We play fair, and we want them to But .it was the agony of the long conflictappreciate that. We 're 'sure they will. in Viet nam that really changed Ame ricanWe 're su re that by the time we expo se attitudes toward the military. We began toevery CIA agent in the entirety of the see young men refusing to go int o battl e,

,wo rld , all of these wonderful people who directly contravening command s of thei rwa nt us dead, who wou ld rejoice in their off icers. And, as if that wasn' t enough , westreets to see us go straight down the heard reports of ope n warfare beh ind the

.drain, will laud and praise America ( in lines among our ow n troops, where thetheir government-controlled news med ia) enl isted men were act ually shoot ing atand say what a marvelous country she is: their ow n off ice rs! And where off icers" Look at that ho nesty . Look at th at integ- didn 't . dare venture into the rice pad-ri ty . Isn 't i t wo nderful that America dies ahead of some of the enlisted mendoesn 't have such a thing as an unoer- . for tear-they would be the ones to end upcover agent? America is so op enminded. with a bullet in the ir bac k.Isn 't America wonderful?'" Our young people 'of to day want all the

One would have to be insane to believ e pleasu res of our . mater ial istic soc iety .other nat ions would look at America that They want the ir automobiles . The y wa ntway. It just doesn't make sense . their homes. They wan t their job s. They

Here we are , the world 's wea lth iest na- w ant the ir freedoms that they take sot ion . We also happen to be a democrat ic much for gr anted;nat ion . We happen to believe in the bas ic Our people want the various go vern·freedoms and the dign ity of hum ank ind . mental programs - housing subsidies,We happen to believe precious are those food stamps, and various other welfarefounding concepts and precepts of ou r programs and help for the poor.forebears an d founding fathers who Bu t incred ibly , we are dete rm ined wecould env ision and pr oduce such abso- shall not ma intain the kind of milita ry or-lutely marvelous documents as the Dec la- ganization that ca'" guarantee the reten -ration of Inde pendence, the Constitution tion of our way of life . .of the United States, and the Bill of . I teve already said there is ano therRights: .. .,. - ..,",:'~ way . B~t. ot coursei -ycu ·and l' both know

There are only two possible ways in " 'we'd becraz ier than a mandrill if we think 'which we can maintain our wealth and this wor ld, let alone the Un ited Sta tes ' ofour freedoms: either by the force of our America, is going to depe nd upon Godmilitary or by trusting God . Now , it's ob vi- for its protection . In Isaiah 40:21-22 weous from our national conduct that we read : "Have you ' not known? Have youare not going to trust in God e- in spite of not heard? Has it not been told you fromthe slog an on our currency to th at effect. the beginning? Have you not und erstoodSo let's be rea list ic and deal with the way Irom the foundations 01 the earth? It is he,things really are . who sits above the cir cle of th e earth, and

The only way the United States can sur- its inhabitants are like gras shoppers; whovlve in this gigantic glo bal conflict even stretches out the heavens lik e'a curtain "now beg inning to shape up with two bil- (RSV ).lion people on the one side - who are God says furthermore: " To whom th enlusting after the wealth that we hav e and will you compare me, that I should be likewant to take away the freedoms that we him? says theHoly One . Li ft up your eyeshave - is for the Un ited States to main- on high and see : wh o created these? Hetain the kind of army , navy , air force, ma- who brings out their hos t by number , call-r i ne .co rps, coast guard , and othe r ing them all by name" (RSV).auxiliary services wh ich are requ ired to And he co ntinues: " Have yo u notsafeguard our peace and freedom . It' s known? Have yo u not heard? The Lord isthat simp le. . the everlasting God , the Creator of the

But take a look at what has been hap- ends of the earth . He do es not faint orpening to the U.S. mili tary over the last grow weary, his und erstanding . ls un-few years. searchable. He gives po we r to the fai nt.

I don't ·know whether it all began with and to him who has no might he in-the mother wh o wanted to sue the Ma rine creases strength. Even youths sha ll faintCorps 0 .1. at Camp LeJeune or wh ether it and be weary , and you ng men shall fallbegan with reve lations from. turned off exhausted, but they who wai t for the Lord" boots" who would go over the hill to tell shall renew thei r strength" (RSV).people the 0 .1. had called him a dirty And -,hen comes thatlamous Bible textname or whether someone lost his life so many people know: " They sha ll mountbecause of the rigors of an obstacle up with wings like eagles, they sha ll runcourse in a Mar ine Corps boot camp. But and not be weary, they shall wal k and notsomehow, gradually, incessantly, and prl- faint. " He says .he holds nations in themarily as a result of ove rexposure and hollow of his hand. He says all countriesconstant torturous coverage by the press are as the small dust of the balance. Heof some of these alleged " horrib le treat- sets up and deposes kings, rulers, co un-ments" of yo ung men in the military ser- tri es , and governments .vices, the wh ole national feeli ng about But we don 't bel ieve in the powe r ofthe mili tary began to change. that God, so we're not go ing to depe nd

Perhaps it began in Korea, during the upo n him for our well-being . But wh at" police acti on" of 1950-53. Until then, doesn't make sense to me, as a minist er ,and especially as a resu lt of World War II, an evangenst, a news commentator, andAmericans were basica lly given the no- an observer is this : Knowing we won 'ttio n of great pat rio tism, great courage, trust God, I c an't understand why weand great bravery under. fire on the part wa nt to tear down our military. 0

problems. " There are people in Congress 'and in governmental positions who ac­tually advocate such a " wor ld dropout"policy (always claiming the Vietnam de­bacle as their rationale).

Ai the end 01 World War II, the Uni tedStates emerged holding ju st about all themarbles. We were the biggest mili tary andindustrial power the world had ever seen .We alone possessed the nuclea r weap­ons with which to inti midate, if we sochose, the enti rety of the wand.

From that time on the Un ited States,like it or not. was shoved into a role of" p laying em·pire. ~ ' America was the bighope ·for the underdeveloped world. TheU.S.' supplied not only money, but alsotechnical know-how and skilled rnan- 'power in a massive effort to bring impov­eri shed peoples out 'of the ir g rind ingpoverty. But today, nearly all of these na­tions, it seems , are our avowed ene mies .

There's something else rath er annoy­ing that we are beginning to see happenin this country . I don 't know qu ite how tolabel it, but it involves the vast hypocrisyof attempting to wash our filthy linen be­fore the rest of the wor ld to prove how

. clean we really are. By th is I'm referringto the new mood in Co nqress and thepress, and a good part 01 the public aswell , to uncover all undercover opera­t ions, to take the cloak off all govern­mental secrecy, to expose CIA agentsabroad , to take everything to the peoplebecause "they have a right to know" and,th us to effectively force ou r own gov ern­ment to cease function ing as far as for­eign policy is concerned.

The sobering fact is that Americans livein a world ' filled with people who want usdead . We live in a wo rld of other statesand gov ernments who wou ld rejoice inthe streets, light bo nfires, go arm in arm ,drinking , singing, and che ering if theycould hea r that the Un ited Stat es 01.America is no more.

They would react in exactly th e samemanner spoken of in the boo k of Larnen­tations in the Bib le, chapter 2, verse 16:" All you r enemies ra il against you ; theyhiss , they gnash the ir teeth, they cry : 'Wehave destroyed her ! Ah , this is the day welonged for ; now we have it ; we see it !' "(RSV.)

It's a perverse desire to see the biggiant come cra shi ng down.

The eco nom ic weight and leverage of .the United States of America is incred­ible. The gross product of one statealone" California, is larger than the vastmajor ity of all the oth er countries on thelace olthe earth.

Now, in the meant ime, we see ,this ulti­mate hyp ocrisy of wanting to appear tobe righteous belore all the rest of the

Garner·Ted Armstrong

SPEAKSOUT!

There is a gigant ic ba ttl efield being

. d rawn today, wh ich is, in fact, theentirety of _the world . Onon e sideare arrayed the " have" nations ; on

the other side are the,"have-not" natio ns .The f irst group comprises th e indus­tria lized, non-Communist. democratic na­tions with on ly abou t 750 mill ion cit izens .in Europe and Brita in , the United 'States,So uth Afr ica, AuStra lia , and Canada .Th ese 750 mill ion cit izens are consuminga disproport ionate chunk of the naturalresources of the world, producing a grea tpe rcentage of its manufactured commod­itie s and goods, and enjoy ing, as a result,the very highest standards of living _in allhistory.

Then, on the othe r hand, the re are thehundred or more nat ions which are und e­veloped , poor, usually in the .thrces ofvio lent overthrows, coups d 'et at , guerrillawarfare, c ivil war , ·and str ife ""':' and qu iteoften the unwittinq pawn s in the ideolog i­

, cal struggle between the superpowers .These "have-not" states represent well

over two billion people, millions of whomlive the ir enti re lives at an abject pov ertyleve l.

So fa r, th is global battle between therich and poor nations has been limited toec on omic pressures, to' political pres ­sur es , and to f iery spe eches from newdespots. It has been limited to the form ­ing of various blocs and pressure groups- such as the Organization of PetFoleumExporting Countries , or OPEC.

Bu t we have no assurance this conf lic twill be limi ted in the future to only: po lit i­ca l and economic pressures. Will it even ­tually emerge into actual warfare - anarmed wo rtdwlde struggle? ,

Ironically, some Third World nat ionshave been promised nucl ear reactors bythe Un ited States, wh ich wou ld enableth em. ilthey chose. to go about the bus i­ness of making themselves a low-yield ­maybe in the kiloton range - " d irty"bomb 01 the typ e that ob lit erated about90,000 lives in Hirosh ima or Nagasaki!They could then indulge in a lillie nuclear" saber rallling, " not only aga in st theirown immediate neighbors - as might oc­c ur be tween India and Bangladesh, fo rex ample - butagainst members of thed eveloped "First Wo rld " as well!

No TIme For Isolationism

It's time to take a good look at the waythe world really is. And that requiressome serious introspection on the part ofthe American people! What are we? Whatshould we be?

Today one hea rs a g reat deal 01 talkabout isolationism. Many . people havebeen saying , in effect: "Let's go isolation­ist and let other people solve their own

14 MARCH 1976

============================rPaafili'll ~NLh

THE GARNERTEDARMSTRONGBROADCAST

rnill~[l)1

rnffirn~oo[lOOm

U.S. STAT IONSEas tern Time

AKRON - WSLR , 1350 kc.• 5:00 a.m.Mon -Sun., 10:30 p.m. Mon.-Sun .•8:30 p.m. Sun .

ALLENTOWN - WSAN, 1470 kc .• 6 :30a.m. Mon.-Fr i.

ASHEVILLE - WWNC, 570 ke.. 11:00p.m. dail y.

• AlHENS -:' WOOL, 1470 kc., 12:30p.m. Mca-Fri.

BLUEFIELD - WKOY, 1240 kc.• 6:00p.m. Mon.-Sa t. 1:30 p.m . Sun.

BOSTON - WRYT. 950 kc.. 12:30 p.m.Mon-Fri.• 12:30 p.m. Sun.

CAYCE - WCAY, 620 kc.• 12:00 noonMon.-Fri .

CHA RL ESTON - WCHS . 580 kc.•10:30 p.m. Men-Sat.

CHATTANOOGA ~ WDEF, 1370 le .•

~~~._S~~6:3~.~~.s;un~: 5:00 a.m.* CHESAPEAKE - WCP K, 1600 ke.•

12,:30 p.m. Mon.-Fri.C INCI NNATI -r- WCKY, 1530 kc., 5:00

a.m. dai ly.CINCINNATI - WLW. 700 kc ., 11:00

p.rn. Sun .CLEVELA ND "';' WERE , 1300 ke., 11:00

p.m. Mon.-Sun.DAYTO N - WONE, 980kc.• 11:30 p.m.

Mon.-Fri .• 8:30 p.m. SUD.DETRO IT - WLDM-FM, 95.5 mc., 7: 15

a.m. MOD.-Sa t 9:00 a.m. SUD.ERIE ...... WWGO, 1450 kc.• 10:00 p.m.• Mon.-Sal . ;.

FLINT - WKMF. 1470 kc.• 10:00 p.m.Mon.-Fri. '

*FRANKLIN - WFT N 1240 kc.. 12:15p.m. Mon .-Fri.

GAINES VILLE -e- WAKA, 1390 icc.•7:00a.m. Mon .-F ri.

GAYLORD - WATC, 900 kc.. 12:30. p.m. Mon.-Fri.

GREENVillE -- WNCT AM & FM 1070kc, a:107.7 me.• 6:3O.p.m. Mon.-Sat .

JiARRISSORG ...:.. WHP, 580 ·l':c.• 7:30

HA'rt~g:fJ·-·WCNx., 1150 kc.• 12:30p.m. Mon.-F rl •

JACK SONV ILLE. FL. - WQII<, 1090t c.• 12 noon dai ly.

JACKS ONVILLE, N.C. - WLA S, 910kc.• 7:00 a.m. Mon .-F ri.

JO HNSTOWN - WJA C, 850 kc.• 7:00p.m. Mon .-Fri.

KINGSP ORT - WKPT, 1400 kc.• 12:30. p:m. Mon. -Fri.

KISS IMMEE - WFIV. 1080 kc.• 12:30p.m. Mon .-Fri .

LAN CA STER - .wXRL. 1300 kc.. 6,30a.m. Mon.-F ri. .

LENOI~ - WJ RI, 1340 kc.• 6:30 p.m.Mon.-F ri

LONDON ....:.. WFTG., 1400 kc.. 12:30p.m. Mon.· Fri

LOUISVILLE - WHAS, 840 ke.. 11:30p.m. Mon .-Fri.• 8:00 p.m. Sl1n.

MlAMI - WIOD. 610 kc.• 8:25 p.m.Mon .-Sat.• 8:30 p.m. Sun.

MONTPELIER - WS KI. 1240 te.• 6:00p.m. Mon.-Fri .

NEW HAVEN - WEll , 960 kc., 10:30p.m. Mon .-Fri ., 9:'00 p.m. Sun. & Sat,

NEW ROCHELLE - WVOX, 1460 kc.,12:30 p.m. Mon .-Sa t., 10:00 a.m. Sun .

NEW YORK - WORt 710 kc., 6:30 a.m.a:11:30 p.m. Sun .• 10:30 p.m. Mon .­Fri .

NORFOLK - WT1D. 1270 kc.. 11;30a.m. Mon.-F ri

PHILADELPHIA - WRCP. 1540 kc.. 12noon, Mon.-Sat .• 10:30 a.m . Sun .

*PIKEVlLLE - WPK.E, 1240 te .• 6:30a.m. Mon.-Fri.

pl"nSBURG H - WPIT. 730 kc.. 12noon..Mon.-Sat .• 11:00 a.m. Sun.

. PITT SBURGH - KQV. 1410 ke.. 10:00p.m. Mon .-Fri .

MAR CH 1976

PORTSMOUTH - WIOI , 1010 kc.•12:35 p.m. Mon-Fri.

PROVIDENCE - WJAR, 920 kc.• I I :30p.m. Mon .-Fri. .

RALEIGH - WPTF , 680 kc.• 1:15 p.m.Men-Sat, 9:30 a.m. Sun.

RICHMOND - WRVA, 1140 kc.• 10:00p.m. daily.

ROANOK E - WFlR , 960 kc.• 7:00 p.m.da ily.

ROCHESTER - WHAM, 1180 kc..11:30 p.m. Mon.-F ri.. 10:00 a.m. Su n.

ROCHESTER - WWNH, 930 kc., 6:30. p.m. Mon.-Fri .

SCRANTON - WGBI , 9 10 Icc.• 12:30p.m. Mon.-Sun .

SPRINGFIELD - WACE , 730 kc.. 12noon daily.

SVRACUSE - WSOQ , 1220 kc ., 7,00a.m. Mon. -Fri .

TAMPA - WINQ, 1010 kc., 5:00 p.m.Mon.-Fri.

TOLEDO - WSPD , 1370 kc.• 6:30 p.m.daily.

WALTERBORO - WALD, 1060 kc.•12:00 noon Mon.-F ri.

WHEELING - WWVA, 1170 kc , 5:00a.m. Mon.-Fri .• 8:30 p.m. Su n.-Fr L10:30 a.m. a:11:30 p.m. SUR. . .

Central TimeATOKA - KEOR-AM, 1110 kc.. 4:30

p.m. Mon .-Fri.ATOKA - KTEN~FM, 93.3 mc.• 6:30

a.m. Mon.-Fri .AUSTIN - KLBJ , 590 kc.. 6:30 p.m.

Me n -Sat .•9:30 a.m. Sun.BIRMINGHA M - WYDE, 850 kc. , 7:00

p.m. Mon.-Sat.. 6:30 a.m. & 6:30 p.m.Sun .

CHICAGO ...,... WMAQ, 670 kc.•5:05 a.m.Mon.-Sa t.

COFFEYVILL E - KGGF. 960 kc.. 5:00a.m. Mon.-F ri.. 6:00 p.m. Mon .-Fri.

DAlLAS - KRLD, 1080 kc.• 4:30 a.m.Mon.-Sun., 10:45 p.m. Me n -Sat.•11:00 p.m. Sun.

DES MOINES - KWKY, Il SO kc.•12,30 p.m. & 9:30 p.m. dai ly. .

DULUTH - WEBC r 560 kc., 12:00 noonMon.-Sa t.

FARGO - KRAD, 1590 kc., 12:30 p.m.Mon.-F ri.

. GADSDE N - WAAX 570 kc.. 12:30p.m. Mon.-Sat .• 12 noon . SUIL

GLADEWATER - KEES , 1430 Icc.• 12noon daily.

GREE N BAY - WGEE, 1360 kc.• 6:30p.m. Mon.-Fri

HOUSTON - KPRC , 950 kc., 10:30- p.m. dail y.

JONESBORO - KNEA, 970 kc , 5:30p.m. MOD.-Fri.

KANSAS CITY - KMBZ, 980 kc., 10:30p.rn.daily.

- KANSAS CITY - WDAF.FM, 12:30p.m. Sun .• 11:30 a.m. SUD.

LITTLE ROCK - KAAY, 1090 kc., 7:30p.m. da ily.• 9:30 a.m. Sun., 5: 15 a.m.Mon.-Sa t.

MEMPHIS - WREC , 600 kc., 11:00p.m. Mon.-Sat .

MILWAUKEE - WISN , 1130 kc , 11:30p.m. Mon.-Fri .

MOBILE - WKR G, 710 kc., &:: 99.9 me.11:30 a.m. Mca-Fri. , a: 7:30 a.m.Sat . a:SUR. 8:00 p.m. d aily (PM ).

MT. VERNON - WMIx., 940 t c.• 7:00p.rn.daily.

NASHVILLE - WSIX, 980 kc.• 8:30p.m. Mon.-Sat. . 8:00 p.m. Sun.

NEW ORLEANS - WWL, 870 Icc.. 8:30p.m. Mon.-Sat .

OKLAHOMA CITY - KTOK, 1000 Icc.•10:30 p.m. d aily.

PAMPA - KGRO, 1230 t c.• 6:00 p.m.. Mon.·Fri .PEOR IA - WMBD, 1470 kc.• 10:30 p.m.

daily.ROUA - KCLU AM II FM, 1590 kc..

94.3mc 8:30 a.m. Mon.-F ri.RUSSE LLVillE - KARV. 1490 te .•

10:00 p.m. Mon.-F ri.ST. PAUL - KRSI, 950 t e., 8:00 p.m.

dai ly.SAN ANTONIO - WOAI, 1200 kc..

5:00 a.m. Mon .-Sat .• 10:00 p.m. Sun..: SHERMAN - KTXO, 1500 kc.• 5:00

p.m. Mon .-Fri .SIOUX FALLS - KIOV-FM, 104.7mc

12:30 p.m. Mon .-Fri.SIOU X FALLS - KSCJ, 1360 kc.. 6,15

p.m. Mon.-Sun.TEXARKANA - KOSY. 790 tc.• 5:30

p.m. Mon .-F ri.WATERLOO - KXEL, 1540 tc.• 8:30

p.m. Mon .-Sat.. 8:00 p.m. Sun ., IOS.7FM , 11:30 a.m. Sun .

WATERTOWN - KWAT-FM, 96.l mc12:00 noon Mon.-Fr L

Mountain TimeALBUQUERQUE - KOB, 770 kc.•

11:00 p.m. Mon.•Sat ., 9:30 a.m. Sun.

* BOISE - KAIN, 1340 kc.. 6:55 a.m.Mon .-Fr i.

CASPER - KTWO, 1030 Icc.• 6:05 p.m.& 10:05 p.m. daily.

DENVER - KOA, 850 kc.. 10:30 p.m.Mon.-Sa t., 7:00 p .m. Sun .

FARMINGTON - KRZE , 1280 kc.• 6:00a.m. Mon .-Fri .

FLAGSTAFF - KelS. 600 kc.. 12:30p.m. daily..

KALISPEll - KOF' , 1180 kc ., 6:30p.m. daily.

PRESCOTT - KYCA. 1490 ,,"c.. 7:00p.m. Mon.-Sat.

SALT LAKE CITY - KSL, 1160 kc..5:06 a.m. a: 11:06 p.m. Mon.-Sa t..5:30 a.m. & 11:25 p.m. Sun .

TUCSON - KTUC, 1400 kc., 12:45p.m. daily. 6:00 a.m. Mon-Sat., 6:30a.m. Sun . .

WHEATLAND - KYCN, 1340 kc., 5:30p.m. Mon .-Fri .

PaclUcTlmeANCHORAGE - KYAK. 650 kc., 9:00

p.m, daily.CARSON CITY - KKBC-F M, 97.3 mc.•

7:00 a.m. Me n -Sat. 9:00 p.m. Sun.COVINA - KGRB, 900 kc.. KOB.FM.

98.3 me.• 12 noon Mon.-Sa l.. 9:00a.m. Sun.

EUGENE - KORE, 1050 kc.• 7:00 a.m.daily.

FRESNO - KMJ , 580 kc.. 9:00 p.m.Men-Sun.

LAS VEGAS - KVEG--AM & FM, 970kc., 92.3mc 6:30a.m. daily.

LOS ANGELES - KLAC, 570 kc..10:30 p.m. Mon .-Sat.• 9:00 a.m. Sun .

MEDFORD -.; KAGN-FM, 98.5mc 8:00a.m. Mon.-F ri.

MEDFORD - KSHA, 860 kc., 7:00 a.m.Mon.-Sat .

* OLYMPIA - KITN, 920 Icc.• 6:00 a.m.Mon .-Fri .

ONTARIO - KSVA, 1380 kc.• 7:00 p.m.Mon .-F ri.

PASCO - KOTY, 1340 kc., 12:30 p.m.Mon.•Sat. , 12:00 p.m. Sun.

· PORTLAND - KODL 1440 kc., 6:00p.m. Mon-Fri.

PORTLAND - KYXI, 1520 kc.• 10:30p.m. Mon .-Fri.

SACRAMENTO . - KRAK. 1140 kc..8:30 p.m. Men-Sat.

SAN DIEGO - KSDO, 1130 kc.• 10:30p.m. Mon.·Sat . .

SAN FRANC ISCO - KNBR, 680 kc.•11:30 p.m. Mon.-Sa t.

SAN FRANC ISCO - KKIS, 990 kc..10:00 p.m. Mon .-Sat.

SANTA ROSA - KPLS , 1150 kc.• 7:00a.m. Mon .-Fr i.

SEATTLE - KIRO, 7 10 kc.• 5:00 a.m.Mon.•Sat. . 11:30 p.m. Mon .-F ri.

SEWARD - KRXA, 950 kc.• 12:30 p.m.Men-Sat.

YAKIMA - KUTI, 980 Icc•• 9:30 p.m.Su n.-Thurs. & Sat.• 7:30 p.m. Fri.

CANADIAN STATIONSA/Ian/Ie Time

BAIE-VERTE - CKIM, 1240 sc , 6:30p.m. d aily.

CAMBEL LTON - CKNB. 950 kc.• 9:30p.m. Mon.-Sa t.

FREDERICTON - CFNB. 550 t c.•10:05 p.m. daily.

GANDER - CKGA, 730 kc., 6:30 p.m.daily.

GRAND FALLS - CKCM , 620 kc.• 6:30p.rn. daily.

MARYSTOWN - CHC M, 560 kc.• 6:30p.m. daily .

MONCTON - CKCW. 1220 t c., 9:30p.m. Mon .-Sat .• 8:00 p.m. Sun .

NEWCASTLE - CFAN, 790 t e.. 9:30p.m. Mon. -Sat

SAINT JOHN'S - VOCM, 590 kc.• 6,30p.m. daily.

SYDNEY - CJCB, 1270 Ice.. 6:00 p.m.daily.

YARMOUTH - CJ LS. 1340 kc.• 7:00p.m. Mon.· Sat.

Eastern TimeBLIND RIVER - CJNR, 730 kc., 6:30

p.m. daily.BRANTFOAD - CKPC, 1380 t c.• 6:30

p.m. daily.CORNWAU - CJSS, 1220 kc.• 10:30

p.m. daily.EWOTI LAKE - CKNR, 1340 tc..

6:30 p.m. daily.HULL - CKCH. 7:00 a.m. Suo.KINGSTON - CKWS, 960 kc.. 10,30

p.m. Mon.-F ri.• I I: 10 p.m. Sat.. 10:05p.m. Sun.

KIRKLAND LAKE - CJK L, 560 kc.•9:00 p.m. daily.

LEAMINGTON - CHYA, 7 10 kc., 5:30a.m. &:6:30 p.m. daily~

LlNDS.AY - CKLY, 910 kc., 8:45 p.m.Moo .-Fri.

THE GARNER TEDARMSTRONGTELECAST

W~~ill[\1U\!l[lOOm

U.S. STATIONS

Eastern TimeAKRON - Ch an ne l 23 , WAK R.TV.

AL~~~OI'~' ~~~'nnel 10, WTE N.rJ.2:30 p.m. Sat .

ALPENA - Cha nne l 11, WBKD-TV'.I I :30 a.m. Sun.

ATLANTA - Channel 11, WXIA-TV';10:30 a.m. SUD.

BANGOR - ChannelS, WADI-TV.4:00 p.m. Sal .

BINGHAMPTON, N.Y. - Channel 40 ,WICZ-TV . 7:30 p.m. Sa t.

* C HARL E ST O N - Chann e l 2 ,WCDD-TV, 1:00 p.m. Sun .

CINCINNAT I - Channel S, WL WT­TV. 11:30 a.m. Sun .

COLUMBIA - Channel 19 . WNO K-TV. 4:00 p.m. Sat. .

COLUMBUS - Channel 4, WLWC­TV, 10:30 a.m. Sun .

DAYTON - C hanne l 2, WLWD -TV.11:30a.m. Sun .

- FLINT · - Ch annel 12 , WI RT-TV.10:30 a.m. Sun.

GREENVILLE , N.C . - Channel 9,WN CT-TV. 7:00 p.m. SUD. . ._

· GREENVILLE - Channe l 4, WF BC­lV, 12:30 p.m. Sun.

HUNTINGTO N, W.V. - Cha nnel 13 ,WOWK -TV. 12:30 p.m. Sun .

INDIANAPOLIS - Channel 4. WTIV­TV. 12:30 p.m. Sat .

*J ACKS O NVILLE - Channel 1 2.WTL V-TV. 12:30 p.m. Sa t.

JOHNSON C ITY - Ch annel 1 1,WJHL·TV , 10:30 a.m. Sun .

LANSING - Channel 10 . WILX·TV .10:00 a.m. Sun.

LOUISV ILLE - Channel 41 , WD RB­TV. 1:00 p.m. Sat .

NEW YORK _ Channel 9 , WOR .TV,Rota ting sched ule

PH ILADELPHIA - Channe l 17 ,WPHL-TV. I I:OOp.m. Sun .

PORTLAND - Channel 8 , WMiW­TV. 11:30 a.m. Sun .

PORTSMO UTH - C ha n n e l 10 ,WAVY-TV. 1:00 p.m. Sun .

PROVIDENCE - Channel 12 , WPRl­TV, 3:00 p.m. Sat.

- SALIS BURY - Channel 16 , WBOC.TV. 11:00 a.m. SUD.

SOUTH BEND - Channel 22 , WSBT~TV, 12:00 noon Sun .

SPRINGFIELD - Channel 40 ,WHYN-TV, 1:00 p.m. Sat.

* STEUBENVILLE - C hann el 9,WSTV-TV. 12:00 p.m. Su n.

*TAMPA - Chan"el 4, WF LA-TV,12:30 p.m. Sun .

WASHINGTON , D.C . - Channel 7,WMAL -TV, 10:00 a.m. Sun.

* W ILMI NG T O N - Channe l 6,WECf-TV. 12 noo n Sun.

Cent,al TimeABILENE - Channel 12. KTX S-TV, '

5:30 p.m. Sun.ALEXANDRIA - channelS, KALB·

TV, 10:00 a.m. Sun .AMARillO - Channe l to , KFDA­

lV. 2:00 p.m. Sat .BEAUMONT - Chann e l 12, KBMT­

TV. 2:00 p.m. Sun .BISMARK - Channel 5. KFY R-TV ,

12:00 ooon Sat.CHICAGO - Chan~.1 44 , WSNS-TV.

9:30 p.m. Sun.CORPUS C HRIS TI - Channel 3,

Km·TV . 2:00 p.m. Sun .DALLAS - Channel 11 , KTVT·TV.

1:30 p.m. SUD. .DOTHAN - Channel 18, WOHN-TV,

6:30 p.m. Sat.

EL PASO - Channel 13 , KELP -TV.1:00 p.m. Sat .

EVANSVILLE - Channe l 14 , WFIE·TV, 11:00 a.m. Sun .

FARGO - Channel ' 11 , KTH I-TV.3:30 p.m. SUD.

* FT. SMITH - Channel S, K FSM-TV,1:00 p.m. Sun.

GARDEN C ITY - C h a n n e l 11,KG LD-TV, 1:00 p.m. Sun .

GREAT BEND - Channel 2, KCKT·TV. 1:30 p.m. Sun .

HAT TIESBURG - Ch an n e l 7 .WDAM -TV. 12:30 p.m. Sa t.

HOUSTON - Cha nne l 39, K HTV ·TV.3:00 p.m. Sat.

HUNTS VILLE - Channe l 48 , WYU R­TV. 5:30 p.m. SUD.

KANSAS CITY -. Channel ~, WDAF ­TV; 11:30 a.m. Sun .

LUBBOC K - Channel 11, KCBD-TV.12:00 noo n Sun.

LUFKIN - Channel 9, KTRE·TV. 2:00p.m. Sun. .

MCCOOK - Channe l 8, KOMC- TV.1:30p.m. Sun . .

MERIDIAN - Channel 11. WTOK·TV. 10:00 a.m. Sun.

MIDLAND - Channe l 2, KM ID-TV .4:00 p.m. Sat.

MI N NEAP OLI S - Cha nnel 1 1 ,WTCN-TV, 9:30 a.m. Sun.

* MO NROE - Channel 10, KTV E·TV.12:00 p.m. Sun .

,* MO NTG OMERY - C ha nnel 32,WKAB -TV, 3:30 p.m. Sun .

NASHVILLE r- Channel 2, WNG E·TV. 6:00 p.m. Sat .

NEW ORL EANS - Channe l 4, WWL·TV. 11:30 a.m. Sun .

NO RTH PLATTE - C hann e l 2,KNO P·TV. 6:30 p.m. Mon .

OKLAHOMA C ITY - ChannelS,KOCO ·TV. 11:30 a .m. Sun .

OMAHA - Channel 6, WOWf-TV.3:00 p.m. Sat.

PEOR IA - Channel 19, WRAU-TV .I :30 p.m. Sun .

ROCKFORD - Channe l 13, WR EX­TV, 9:00 a.m. Sun .

SAN ANTONIO - Chann e l 12, KSAT·TV. 5:00 p.m. Sun.

SH REVEP ORT - Ch annel 6, KTAL­Tv , 12:30 p.m. Sat.

SPRINGFIELD, MO. - Cha nn e l 27 ,KMTC·TV. 5:30 p.m. Sat

SPR INGF IELD - Channel 20 , WICS-TV. 12:30 p.m . Sa L '

·TEMPLE - Channel 6, KCEN-TV.11:00 a.m. Sun.

TOPE KA - Channe l 27 , KTSB-TV .12:30 p.m. Sat .

TUPELO - Channe l 9, WTWV·TV.4:30 p.m. Sa t.

*TY LER - Chann e l 7, KLTV -TV.10:30 p.m. Sun .

WICHITA - Ch an nel 5, KARD.TV ,1:00 p.m. Sun .

* WIC HITA FALLS - C hann el 6,KA UZ -:rv. 11:00 a.m. Sun .

Mountain TimeBOISE - Channel 6, K IVI-TV. 3:00

p.m. Sun.GRAND JUN CTION - ChannelS,

KRE X-TV. 4:30 p.m. Mon.PUEB LO - Channe l S, KOAA .TV.

9:30 a.m. Sun.RAP ID CITY - Cha nne l 7 , KR SD·TV.

6:30 p.m. Wed.*ROSWELl - Channe l 40, KBI M­

TV. 4:00 p.m. Sat.SA LT LAKE CITY - Channe lS. KSL ­

TV, 12:30 p.m. Sa t*TU CS O N - Channel 10, KG UN ­

TV, J1:30 a.m. Sun .

Paclnc TimeANCHORAGE - Channel 13 , KIMO­

lV. 6:30 p.m. Wed .FAIRBANKS - Chann e l 11 , KTVF­

TV, 5:00 p.m. Sat.*H ONOLULU - Channel 2, KH ON­

TV. 2:00 p.m. Sun.LAS VEGAS - C ha nnel 8 , K LAS-TV,

4:00 p.m, Sa t. .*LOS ANGELES - Chann el 9, KHJ ­

TV, 9:00 p.m. Sun .PORTLAN D .- Channe l 12. KPlV­

TV, 11:00 a.m. Sat .RENO - Channe l 2, KTVN-TV. 3:30

p.m. Sat.SACRAME NTO - Ch a nnel 1 2,

KOVR-TV ,ll :00 a.m. Sun .SPOKANE - Channe l I , K HQ- TV.

1:30 p.m. Sun .TACOMA - Channel " , KSlW-TV.

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MAJOR SHIFTS ON THE WORLD SCENEWILLCHANGING WEATHERBRING MASS FAMINES?

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and superstition. If you'd like to knowmore about the difference be­tween the real Jesus and hismysterious " impostor," wr ite .for the free booklet entitledThe Real Jesus.

r:--------------I ~klliiffll ~1f\UI~1hl 6:;,~:,~7:·91123I Please send me the ·free booklet.I The Real Jssu s.

I NAME

I M' OmO""RE"'S"-S----- - - - --'-'

I CITY STATE ZIP

The real Jesus of Nazareth bore littleor no resemblance to the imageabove. The Christ who lived and

taught in Galilee and Judea was not theJesus perpetuated by tradition . He wasnot the frail, petulant, effeminate Jesuswhose image has adorned relig ious artfor centuries. A strong and vigorousyoung man, Jesus of Nazareth workedfor years as'a carpen ter before he be­gan his ministry. His hair was not espe­cially long. He didn 't wear a forlorn ,morose expression. And he had no haloshimmer ing mysteriously over his head.Unhappily, much of the character andmessage of the real Jesus Christ hasbeen obscured by trad ition, half-truth

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WRITE TO:

Christ? ..or Impostor?

• UNITED STATE S: P.O. Box III . Pasadena, California 91123 ". ;-'1• QrMda: Plain Truth. P.O. Box44, venecuver, D,C: v6C 2M2 ~

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• UfIJ'N Ki:fc'l::. (l1li/ ElIFOf'#: P.O. Box 111.51. Albans, Herts.. Enpand• ~;:~~:'J..J~~MalawI: P.o: Box ;~. Johanncsbuq

• R~: P.O. BoxU.A.lQ.Union AYe.. Sl:li5bury• AIUlf'Q/1c tIft4 S.£. AJiG: P.O.~ 202,DU'I~ Heads. 3uccnslalld 421:~i;;i";'Ma:lQt:Ji:.Jt:l~:: ~I ' Aucthn I. N.z. ·• Wat /'::l!,:G.P.O. Box6063, SaDJuan, PueT10R.ko 00936

I e lure 10 notify us immediately of aDy mUSe in )"OUt addre:sS. Please

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