Major Events of the Civil Rights Movement in the Early 1960s APUSH - Spiconardi.
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Transcript of Major Events of the Civil Rights Movement in the Early 1960s APUSH - Spiconardi.
Major Events of the Civil Rights Movement in the Early 1960s
APUSH - Spiconardi
Do Now Recalling the video clip, The Century:
America’s Time – Happy Days What were the major civil rights event in the
1950s? Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS Little Rock Nine Rosa Parks Montgomery Bus Boycott
Massive Resistance In 1956, 82 out of 106 southern
congressmen and every senator except Lyndon B. Johnson, Albert Gore and Estes Kefauver signed a Southern Manifesto Denounced the Brown decision Accused the Supreme Court of a
“clear abuse of judicial power” Massive Resistance Sen. Harry F.
Byrd (D-VA) called for resistance to forced integration; slowdown integration by passing laws Example: Closed public schools that
integrated and offered funds to white students to attend private schools
Greensboro, NC and Sit-ins Greensboro prided itself in being
the first city in the South to declare its willingness to abide by the Brown v. Board of Ed. decision
However, by 1960, most schools were still segregated and public spaces were still segregated
Upset with the slow pace of change, students sit at the counter of the local Woolworth’s, which was reserved for whites.
Students did this every day for 5 months until they were served
Greensboro, NC and Sit-ins The civil
disobedience sparked sit-ins in other parts of the South Often resulted in…
Birmingham, AL Birmingham may have
been the most segregated and violent city in the South Over 50 bombings of black
homes and institutions since WWII
Blacks demonstrated for greater economic opportunities and the desegregation of local businesses
Leaders invite Martin Luther King to come to Birmingham
King is arrested during demonstrations
Letter from a Birmingham Jail King writes a letter from
prison in response to local clergy who were calling for patience“Perhaps it is easy for those who have
never felt the stinging dark of segregation to say, ‘Wait.’ But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim;…when you see the vast majority of your twenty million Negro brothers smothering in an airtight cage of poverty in the midst of an affluent society; when you suddenly find your tongue twisted…as you seek to explain to your six-year-old daughter why she can’t go to the public amusement park…and see the tears welling up in her eyes when she is told Funtown is closed to colored children…then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait.”
Birmingham, AL After his release from prison, King
calls on students to demonstrate Birmingham officials responds with
force Television captures the images of
attack dogs, fire hoses, and excessive force
Many Americans and JFK come to endorse the goals of the Civil Rights Movement Kennedy realized he could not call
the U.S. the beacon of freedom while practicing racial inequality within its own borders
Kennedy calls on Congress to pass civil rights legislation
Civil Rights Address on June 11, 1963
Birmingham, AL Segregationist continue the violence in
Birmingham Bomb explodes at a Baptist church in September
1963 killing four girls
“Jobs and Freedom”: The March on Washington The March on Washington
(August 28, 1963) 250,000 black and white
Americans gather to show support for civil rights legislation
Goals Public-works program to reduce
unemployment Increase in minimum wage Law protecting against
employment discrimination While reflecting cooperation
between whites and blacks… Women did not speak at the event SNCC leader John Lewis’ speech
was edited by organizers
“I Have a Dream”
Interestingly, the original speech did not have “I have a dream” incorporated into it