Major events in the building of Europe

How European are you ?

How many stars are there on the EU flag ?

What do they correspond to ?

How many countries are members of the EU ?

Where does the European parliament sit ?

How do you call its members ?

Where does the European commission sit ?

Which is the smallest state in the European Union ?

Which is the largest state in the European Union ?

When did Romania join the European Union ?

How often do the European elections take place ?

When was the European citizenship established ?

Where are the headquarters of the European Union ?

1947 : Beginning of the cold war,

Europe is divided in two blocks (East and West).

1991 :

End of the cold war, soviet

1947 : Peace treaty of Paris, with

Italy, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Finland.

1948 : Creation of Organisation for

European Economic Cooperation (OEEC).

1951 : Creation of The European

Coal and Steel Community (ECSC): Belgium, France,

Italy, Luxembourg,

Netherlands, GFR. 1954 :

Creation of the Western European Union (WEU)

1957 : Rome treaty: Creation of the

European Economic Community (EEC)

and creation of The European Atomic Energy

Community (EAEC or Euratom).

1961 : OEEC become the

Organization for Economic Cooperation and

Development (OECD). 1965 : Brussels treaty: fusion of the European institutions. 1973 : Denmark, Ireland and United Kingdom join the EEC. 1981 : Greece joins the EEC.

1985 : Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Germany signed the Schengen agreements. 1986 :

Spain and Portugal join EEC.

1951 : Creation of the Eurovision

contest (European music contest).

1971 : Creation of the Europa league (European soccer league).

1985 : Institution of the Europe day (9 may)

You can test your knowledge on Europe and do these games ...

http://www.european-mosaic.learningtogether.net/games/french/

http://www.touteleurope.eu/fr/organisation/etats-membres/les-etats-membres-en-quelques-

mots/presentation/carte-

http://www.aede-france.org/connexion.html

And now to go even further....

Europe is not just states, it is also a diversity of languages that are celebrated in

September

Discover them and have a look at these web sites

http://edl.ecml.at/Events/PictureGallery2010/tabid/2253/language/en-GB/Default.aspx

http://www.cilt.org.uk/edl/dowloads.htm #leaflet07

http://www.europalive.org/l-o-2013

block is collapsed. 1991-1999 : War in ex-Yugoslavia

1992 : Maastricht treaty: creation of the European Union. 1995 : Austria, Finland and Sweden

join European Union. 1999 :

Creation of “euro zone”. 2004 :

Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia,

Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia. 2007 : Bulgaria and Romania join European Union. 2013 : Croatia joins European Union.

ROLE OF EUROPIAN UNION IN PEACE-KEEPING OPERATIONS AND CONFLICT

PREVENTION

In a rapidly changing world, the EU is facing with security challenges both in its immediate

neighborhood and further afield. In 1999 the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) was

established, which enables the Union to take a leading role in peace-keeping operations , conflict

prevention and in the strengthening of international security, along with other organizations such as

ONU, NATO, OSCE. It is an integral part of the EU's comprehensive approach towards crisis

management and draws on civilian and military assets.

Since the creation in March 2002 of the European Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina

by Council Joint Action, which was the first CSDP mission launched by the EU, some 30 civilian and

military missions and operations have been launched under the CSDP. They have ontributed to

the maintenance of peace and stability in the Balkans, the South Caucasus, Africa, the Middle East

and Asia.

In more than one case a civilian mission followed by a military one. In other cases, in Bosnia and early

in the Congo, military and civilians missions were working at the same time. The military missions

perform tasks of protection of civilians and maintenance of security (and related activities), but also

provide assistance and counseling techniques in the management of the armed forces, in the planning

of operations, logistics, and strategic transportation. The civilian missions include activities of

various kinds , which can be broadly classified into three categories:

a) Assistance in the security sector. This includes capacity-building missions, usually in the field of

policing, which covers training activities and advisory services as well as technical and logistical

support.

b) Assistance in the field of judicial and civil administration. This includes training, advice and

assistance of administrative and judiciary staff.

c) Monitoring – missions. These are located in areas of potential conflict and usually monitor the

borders. However, they implement agreements to suspend hostilities between warring factions.

Examples of some military missions.

EU NAVFOR (European Union Naval Force) Somalia-operation Atalanta is the European

Union’s counter-piracy operation off the coast of Somalia in accordance with relevant UN Security

Council Resolutions (UN Security Council Resolutions (UNSCR)). Somali piracy is characterized by

criminals taking control of vessels transiting the High Risk Areas in the Region and extorting ransom

money for the crew, the vessel and cargo. This bears all the features of organized crime. Crews held

hostage by pirates often face a prolonged period of captivity, the average being 5 months (145 days).

However, some hostages have been held for more than two years and eight months (1001 days).

Moreover, piracy impacts on international trade and maritime security and on the economic activities

and security of countries in the region.

The mandate of the mission is to conduct:

The protection of the World Food Programme (WFP) in vessels delivering aid to displaced

persons in Somalia, and the protection of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM)

shipping.

The deterrence, prevention and repression of acts of piracy and armed robbery at sea off the

Somali coast.

The protection of vulnerable shipping off the Somali coast on a case by case basis.

In addition, the EU NAVFOR also contributes to the monitoring of fishing activities off the

coast of Somalia.

EUTM (European Union Trading Mission) Mali and EUTM Somalia are training operations that

give training and logistical support to local troops. These are missions in which a few dozen army

trainers are sent to give technical support to foreign armies. They also operate in the field of protection

of civilians and human rights.

Examples of some civilian missions.

EUPOL (EU Police mission) RD CONGO is a European Union police mission in the Democratic

Republic of the Congo providing assistance, mentoring, support and advice to the Congolese

authorities for security sector reform (SSR). This is related to the fields of policing and its interaction

with the justice system. It also operates in cross-cutting areas of SSR, particularly human rights ,

gender, the protection of children in armed conflicts and the fight against impunity for sexual

violence. It does not have the competence, nor is it intended, to replace the Congolese police in their

tasks and responsibilities.

EULEX (European Union Rule of Law mission) Kosovo is the largest civilian mission ever

launched under the CSDP. The central aim is to assist and support the Kosovo authorities in the rule of

law area, with a specific focus on the judiciary.

EULEX forms part of a broader effort undertaken by the EU to promote peace and stability in the

Western Balkans and to support the Kosovo authorities as they undertake necessary reforms. These are

in line with their own perspective and the overall European perspective of the whole Western Balkans

region.

EULEX works under the general framework of the United

Nations Security Council Resolution 1244.

The European Union (EU) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2012 "for over six decades

contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe".

MILITARY MISSIONS

CIVILIAN MISSIONS

THE ONGOING EU MISSIONS AND OPERATIONS

THE COMPLETED EU MISSIONS AND OPERATIONS

EUROVISION

Date Winner Organisation New participants

1951 Swiss Swiss France, Italy

1958 France Netherlands

1960 France United-Kingdom

1961 Luxembourg France Yugoslavia

1962 France Luxembourg

1964 Italy Denmark

1969 France Spain

1974 Sweden United-Kingdom Greece

1975 Netherland Sweden Turkey

1977 France United-Kingdom

1990 Italy Yugoslavia

1993 Ireland Ireland Croatia

1994 Ireland Ireland Romania, Poland

2003 Turkey Latvia

2005 Greece Ukraine Bulgaria

2006 Finland Greece Armenia