Maize Pathways workshop presentation 3: Policy implications
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Transcript of Maize Pathways workshop presentation 3: Policy implications
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Environmental Change and Maize Innovation in Kenya:
Exploring pathways in and out of maize
Policy implications
Presentation 3 of 3
National Dissemination WorkshopHilton Hotel, Nairobi – 22 March 2010
STEPS Kenya Partners:ACTS – African Centre for Technology Studies
CABE – Centre for African Bio-EntrepreneurshipTegemeo Institute, Egerton University
IDS – Institute of Development Studies, UKSPRU – Science and Technology Policy Research,
University of Sussex, UK
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To recap
•New (e.g. DT) maize: one solution among many•Sakai farmers: local maize, dryland crops•Income level and uncertainty•Organising into groups: sharing knowledge and skills, resources and risks•Assisted seed multiplication: consistent performer•Complex picture: diverse pathways, different conditions
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Pathways out of maize (1)Orphans or siblings?
Alternative dryland staple crops
•‘Traditional’ crops, new pathways•Climate change as an opportunity: time to re-think ‘orphan crops’•Focus on markets, not taste preferences•Challenges: market barriers and opportunities
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Sorghum farmers, Sakai“Kenya’s beer industry is turning to sorghum … to reduce its longstanding reliance on the more expensive barley. Brewers have started substituting some of their imported raw materials in partnership with local sorghum farmers.”
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Pathways out of maize (2)Getting the high value without the high
risk? Horticultural crops
•New crops, traditional constraints (access to
water, cost of inputs, post harvest storage/markets)
•Much potential, much uncertainty•Challenges - reducing the risk:
•Drought tolerant trees (mango, citrus)?
•Cooperate to compete (group-based)?
•Water – the deal breaker?
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Mango farmer, Sakai“When we are in a group, there is joint learning. We will need less training since we bring our knowledge together and we can share [it] better” (Farmer, Sakai)
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Pathways within maizeLiving in parallel words? Bridging informal and formal seed systems
•Informal seed systems: not just a last resort•Building on the informal? Assisted seed multiplication and storage•Farmer seed selectors: vital link in the chain•Challenges: quality control and continuity of supply
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Seed selector, Sakai“On seed selectors... the law is silent. But we know they are there. They play an important role in food security” (Regulator, January 2009)
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Pathways in and out of maize:Climate change as an opportunity
•Maize in a system: multiple roles, different circumstances•Beyond ‘lock in’: maize security ≠ food security•Importance of markets: key entry point•Resilience through diversity: opportunities, but many constraints…
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Pathways in and out of maize:Opportunities and constraints
Opportunities Constraints
Short term/Own resources
Medium term/Some resources
Long term/External resources