M.A.I.N. CAUSES & NEW WEAPONS OF WWI. M.A.I.N. Causes Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism.
MAINMAIN Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism.
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Transcript of MAINMAIN Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism.
M
A
I
N
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
• A Serbian Nationalist assassinated Austria-Hungary’s Archduke Francis Ferdinand.• Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia• All alliances are drawn into the war
Allies/Triple Entente
• France
• Russia
• Great Britain
• Serbia
Central Powers/Triple Alliance
• Austria-Hungary
• Germany
• Ottoman Empire
• Italy switched sides to the Allies during the course of the war
• United States joined the allies in 1917 (could no longer remain neutral)
• Investments:
• American business loaned 2.25 billion dollars to the Allies
• Allies lose = loss of money
• U.S. also sold weapons to the Allies
• Unrestricted Submarine Warfare:
• Germans used u-boats to fight British blockade
• Many neutral ships were sunk by u-boats
• Cruise ship – the Lusitania – was sunk and 128 Americans died
• Zimmerman Telegram: (Feb 1917)
• Germany sent a note
to Mexico encouraging
them to join the Central
Powers
• Germany promised
them American territory
• U.S. intercepted telegram
United States Declares war in April 1917
• War was fought on four fronts
• Trench war was fought on the Western Front
• Many new weapons were developed such as machine guns and submarines
• Liberty Bonds:
• bonds sold to the public to finance the war – raised over $20 billion
• Economic Control:
• President Wilson created agencies to oversee domestic production
• production of all goods was managed by the government to aid war effort
• ways to preserve energy were also instituted (beginning of daylight savings)
• Enforcing Loyalty:
• fear of spies, specifically Germans – limited immigration
• rise of discrimination and nativism
• enacted policies to enforce loyalty (Espionage Act & Sedition Act) that violated First Amendment’s free speech
• Women and Minorities:
• war had limited labor pool by ending immigration and sending white males to the war
• job opportunities opened up for minorities, specifically African and Mexican Americans, and women
• Slowly Central Power nations begin to surrender to the Allies
• Germany surrenders on November 11, 1918
• Flu Epidemic Sweeps World
• estimated that half a million Americans died and 30 million people worldwide died in less than a year