Main tasks 2 kHz distance measurements to 60 satellites Precision: 2.5 mm single shot;
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Transcript of Main tasks 2 kHz distance measurements to 60 satellites Precision: 2.5 mm single shot;
Main tasks 2 kHz distance measurements to 60 satellites
Precision: 2.5 mm single shot; <<1 mm NPs Single photon detection / day and night Spin Parameter Determination
Multi-Static Laser ranging to space debris Preparing for the future:
ELT: European Laser Timing Experiment [ps] Quantum Cryptography via Satellites SLR to Nano-Satellites
IWF/ÖAW 1
Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR)
Refereed publications (since Jan 2013) Total: 15 (first author: 2) IRNNS: Quasi-Geostationary; 04-04-2014
Lead: Georg Kirchner
Members
Staff: H. Allmer, F. Koidl, R. Stieninger
four students for SLR measurements during part of nights
Cooperation within IWF
Gravity Field Group (Baur et al.):SLR and debris orbit determination
Key external collaboration
USA: ILRS/NASA; ESA; Czech Technical University; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; Germany: BKG
IWF/ÖAW 2
Who are we?
SLR Global Performance 2013/Q3: LAGEOS NP RMSHitutsobashi University / Orbital Analysis
0.81.2
1.4 1.41.6 1.7
2.02.2
2.4 2.5 2.62.8 2.9
3.1 3.1 3.1
3.63.8 3.8 3.9
0.0
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1.0
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2.0
2.5
3.0
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4.0
4.5
Gra
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stm
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Con
cep
Pot
sdam
Yar
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Are
quip
a
Wet
tzel
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Gra
sse
Har
teb
McD
onal
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Sim
osat
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Str
omlo
Cha
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Hal
eaka
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Sha
ngha
i
Mon
.Pea
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San
Fer
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NP
RM
S [
mm
]
>100 sats or >>200 passes/day
IWF/ÖAW 3
Graz Pass Switching: Day 295/2012:16:57-24:00 UTC20 LEO, 14 HEO: 34 Passes in 7.1 hours
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
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22000
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16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Epoch Time [Hours of Day]
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m]
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Dis
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km]
NOW: Tracking 60 satellites, with > 100 passes per day
Future: >100 satellites, with >200 passes per day
PLUS: Space Debris, Quantum Cryptography, Time Transfer, Nano-Sats …
Solution:
kHz SLR
Pass Switching …
≥1000 Pts/NP:about 0.2 mm
No NPs <100 pts
Envisat
IWF/ÖAW 4
Envisat: spin parameters from SLR Spins with 130 s, +36.7 ms per day “Flat” spin: stable spin axis
orientation Retros visible only in 50% of passes
(east in morning, west in evening)
Envisat Eight retros:
signatures visible
Used for precise spin period deter-mination
„Flat“ spin with stable orientation
In 13 sessions, each 2–3 h at early evening (objects visible):>200 passes of ~60 objects; up to >3000 km; low elevation
Graz Debris Laser Ranging 2013
IWF/ÖAW 5
Laser Debris Ranging 2013
0
10
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500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Range [km]
Ele
vati
on
[°]
RCS: < 1 m2
RCS: 1- 5 m2
RCS: 5-10 m2
RCS: >10 m2
Multistatic Experiment
SLR to Space Debris: Graz Results
IWF/ÖAW 6
One active station (Graz) fires laser pulse
Photons are reflected from satellite body
Several passive stations receive photons
⇨ Pseudo ranges added in single pass
⇨ POD of space debris significantly improved
Distances:
Graz – Wettzell: 400 kmGraz – Zimmerwald: 600 kmGraz – Herstmonceux:1200 km
WETTZELL detects Graz Photons 2013-09-24
007 / SL-16 R/B (23088); RCS: 11.2 m2
-5,000
-4,000
-3,000
-2,000
-1,000
0
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68800 68850 68900 68950 69000 69050 69100 69150 69200 69250 69300
Epoch Time [Seconds of Day 267-2013]
Sto
p E
po
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Re
sid
ua
ls O
-C
[ns
]
Instrumental Development
IWF/ÖAW 7
C-SPAD200 µm
Sensicam CCD:Day
0.3 nm
0.3 nm
1 nm
ISIT: Night
M250 mm
M150 mm
600 – 900 nm
1064 nm
15 mm
30 mm
F=100 mmF=50 mm
SAP-500500 µm
IR-SPAD80 µm M4
50 mm
Spare …
New options
Þ 532 nm standard
Þ 532 nm debris
Þ 1064 nm debris
Þ 1030 nm debris
Þ All cameras here
Þ ISIT Box: Space for Quantum Detector (4 SPAD detectors)
Future tasks Different wavelengths/detectors: 532 /
1064 nm; 1030 nm; 808 nm; 710 nm All switch mirrors and filters: Remote
Control Fast switching between different tasks:
Routine ILRS SLR / debris / Quantum Cryptography etc.
Dual/Multi-color SLR possible
Tracking ILRS Satellites (increasing up to 100) HEO: 30 Galileo, 26 GLONASS,
8 IRNNS, 10 Compass; (GPS: 2018 +) >10 additional (mainly Earth observation)
satellites: ICESat-2, Jason-3, Sentinel-3… Spin determination Continuous SLR time series are essential for
most scientific results (POD, ITRF, EOPs, …)
Space Debris Optimize technology for debris ranging Single-Photon DART Bi- & multi-static debris ranging
Additional Experiments Time transfer (ACES/ELT) Quantum Cryptography with Chinese Sat SLR to several Nano-/Cube-Sats
8
Future Plans: 2015-2016
Planned: Jason-3 over California
Live Situation Display in GrazIWF/ÖAW