Unit 2: Electricity and Magnetism

2.1 Intro to Energy

P.O.D. 11/1/2017

How does the use of electricity and magnetism affect our world?

2.2 Forms of Energy

P.O.D. 11/6/2017

Create a web that has ENERGY in the middle and the types of energy all around it: Mechanical, Electrical, Light, Thermal and Sound. Come up with at least 2 things you think would fit under each category.

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/matter/energy-and-matter.htm

Wrap Up

Susie rides her bicycle to her house. She goes inside, flips on the light switch, and turns on her oven to make cookies. While she waits for the cookies to come out, she turns on her computer to listen to music. How many forms of energy did Susie use? Label each one with the correct form.

2.3 Conversion of Energy

Q.O.D. 11/8/2017

What makes roller coasters go so fast?

Mechanical Energy Key Words 11/9/2017

Potential Energy: Energy that an object has because of its position or its condition.

Kinetic Energy: The energy of motion.

Mystery Science

https://mysteryscience.com/energy/mystery-2/energy-conversion-engineering/33?r=12110242

Mark each spot as Potential or Kinetic energy

A

BC

D

2.4 Bumper Coasters Experiment

https://mysteryscience.com/energy/mystery-2/energy-conversion-engineering/33?r=12110242#slide-id-750

Force Key Words 11/14/2017

Gravity: The force of attraction between the Earth and other objects.

Inclined Plane: A simple machine that is a slanted surface.

Conclusions - Mechanical Energy

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. As the marble slides down the shoot, it gains more and more speed. The more speed it gains the more kinetic energy it has.Where does the energy come from? This gain in energy was due to gravity. Gravity is a field force. Any time an object is pulled in by a field force it tends to gain kinetic energy. At the top of the slide the marble has potential energy. As gravity pulls the marble down the inclined plane, the potential energy is mostly converted to kinetic energy. (A tiny bit of the mechanical energy will be converted to heat by friction.)

Where does the mechanical energy go? This was easy. At the bottom of the slide, or inclined plane the marble transfers it's mechanical energy to the flywheel, a type of lever. Both inclined planes and levers are a type of simple machine.

Simple machines are devices that change the direction or the magnitude (size) of a force. How did these machines change the force? The inclined planes changed the direction from straight toward the center of the earth to a path that was more parallel. The fly wheel lever actually changed the direction from straight down to a circle- angular motion!

Bumper Coaster Conclusion

The higher up you start the inclined plane, the more likely the marble is to go in the cup.

The closer you put the target marble to the cup, the more likely the marble would go in.

This is because the marble is faster and has more potential energy, the higher up it is.

Exit Slip

What is the name of a simple machine that is a slanted surface?

2.5 Light Energy

Q.O.D. 11/15/17

What do you think it means for an object to be opaque?

Properties 11/15/2017

Opaque: not able to be seen through

Translucent: allowing light, but not detailed images, to pass through

Transparent: allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distinctly seen

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/energy-light-sound/light.htm

2.6 Reflection & Refraction

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/energy-light-sound/light-absorb-reflect-refract.htm

Light Energy Key Words 11/21/2017

Reflection: The bouncing of light off an object.

Refraction: The bending of light when it moves from one kind of matter to another.

Absorption: The taking in of light or sound energy by an object.

Exit Slip

Which object will reflect the most light? A. Black shirtB. Pink flowerC. Shiny canD. Dull rock

Energy Quiz Review● Forms of Energy: MELTS● Inclined plane● Kinetic & Potential Energy● Reflection of light● Gravity● Opaque, translucent and transparent

2.7 Types of Circuits

Q.O.D. 11/29/17

When you flip a light switch, how does the light turn on?

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/energy-light-sound/electricity.htm

Exit Slip

Will the bulb light? Why or why not?

2.8 Conductors & Insulators

Q.O.D. 11/28/17

Fill in the blank:Electricity will only flow in a ___________ circuit.

Electricity Experiment 11/30/2017

Question: How can we light a bulb?

Research: See definitions of closed circuit, conductor, insulator.

Hypothesis: If we want to light a bulb, then …

Electricity Experiment

Procedure: 1. Build a simple circuit with a battery, lightbulb, and wire. 2. Predict whether each item is made from a conductor or insulator. 3. Test each item.

Data: See Conductors and Insulators data chart.

Fill out your conductor and insulator sheet that you glued in on Thursday!

Electricity Experiment

Conclusion: My hypothesis was (correct or incorrect). In order to light the bulb, we needed to use a conductor. A conductor is usually made of metal.

Exit Slip

Which material is the best conductor of electricity?

A. RubberB. PlasticC. MetalD. Glass

How do you know?

2.9 Without Electricity

https://mysteryscience.com/energy/mystery-6/electrical-energy/37?r=12110242

Exit Slip

2.10 Properties of Objects

Q.O.D.

Objects have properties that can be observed, described,

and/or measured.

What are some properties that objects can have?

Activity

Objects have properties that can be observed,

described, and/or measured: length, width, volume,

size, shape, mass or weight, temperature, texture,

flexibility, reflectiveness of light.

Exit Slip

2.11 Classify Objects

Q.O.D.: Characteristics Survey

Fill in the following information about yourself:

1. Hair Color: 2. Season of your Birthday: 3. Country your family comes from (if you can’t choose 1, choose America): 4. Your height (compared to all 4th graders): Would you say you are average,

taller or shorter than most 4th graders? 5. Main color of the shirt you are wearing today (choose 1 color):

Classification

Observe the properties of each object and describe their physical appearance, length, width, volume, size, shape, mass or weight, temperature, texture, flexibility, reflectiveness of light.

Sort the objects into groups based on their similarities.

Exit Slip

2.12 Friction

Q.O.D.

Imagine going down this slide. How can you go faster down a slide?

Force Key Words

Friction: A force that resists motion between objects that are touching.

Less Friction = Slides Easier

Gravity: The force of attraction between the Earth and other objects.

Mystery Science

How can you go faster down a slide? https://mysteryscience.com/forces/mystery-3/balance-of-forces-friction/44?r=12110242

Exit Slip

Materials that have low friction are slippery.

Can you name some materials with low friction?

2.13 Friction Experiment

Q.O.D.

A man is trying to bring a new refrigerator into his house. Why is it easier for him to slide the refrigerator on a cart with wheels than it is to just slide the refrigerator against the floor?

Mystery Science Friction Experimenthttps://mysteryscience.com/forces/mystery-3/balance-of-forces-friction/44?r=12110242#slide-id-0

Please complete your Friction Investigation Worksheet.

2.14 Sink or Float

Q.O.D.

What types of objects will sink in water?

Sink or Float Soda Video

Electricity & Matter Quiz ReviewStudy & Understand: ● Conductors & Insulators● Types of Energy● Closed Circuit● Properties of Objects● Gravity● Friction

2.15 Candy Cane Experiment

Q.O.D.

What does it mean for something to dissolve?

Hypothesis

If we soak a candy cane in _________________,

Then it will dissolve the most.

2.16 Magnetism

Q.O.D.

What kind of objects are magnetic?

Magnetism Key Words

Magnetism: A force that may attract or repel certain materials.

Exit Slip

If you turn the N poles of two magnets toward each other, what will they do?

A. AttractB. Produce electricityC. RepelD. Spin

2.17 What Can Magnets Do?

Q.O.D.

Name one fact you know about magnets.

https://mysteryscience.com/forces/mystery-4/magnets-forces/45?r=12110242#slide-id-0

Exit Slip

Please complete the end of assessment activity and hand it in.

2.18 Magnet Investigation

Q.O.D.

What is an electromagnet?

Copy into your notebooks..

Question: What kinds of objects are magnetic? How does distance affect magnetism? Research: See definitions of magnetism, attract, and repel.

Hypothesis: For a material to be magnetic, it must be _______. The closer to a magnet an object is, __________.

Copy into your notebooks..

Procedure: In each situation, test each object with a magnet to determine if it will attract or repel. 1. Gather a variety of materials. Test each object. 2. Place each object in a cup of water (liquid).3. Place each object at 1 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm away from the magnet.

Data: See Magnetism data chart.

Copy into your notebooks & fill in blanks.

Conclusion: For a material to be magnetic, it must be _______. The closer to a magnet an object is, __________. I know this because…