MACHINERY IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY

JOHN KAY’S FLYING SHUTTLE, 1733

• Could weave wider cloth• Could weave faster so greater production• More expensive• Needs a larger space• Threatened weavers jobs

JAMES HARGREAVES SPINNING JENNY, 1765

• Could spin many threads at once• Produced quite coarse/rough yarn• Threat to traditional jobs

RICHARD ARKWRIGHT’S WATER FRAME, 1769

• Spun stronger yarn but quite coarse/rough• Operated by water power so need to be in a

factory• Threatened traditional jobs

SAMUEL CROMPTON’S SPINNING MULE

• Made finer cloth for more expensive cloth• Could produce much more as a large-scale

machine• Threat to traditional jobs

EDMUND CARTWIGHT’S POWER LOOM, 1785

• Weaving could now take places in factories so mass production possible

• Skilled weavers lost their livelihoods