Macedonia Under Philip II

Macedonia Under Philip II

Final Act in Classical GreeceFinal Act in Classical Greece

• Greeks continued to fight intermittently Greeks continued to fight intermittently for two generationsfor two generations

• Macedonians took over from northMacedonians took over from north– Philip of Macedonia turned it into effective, Philip of Macedonia turned it into effective,

aggressive stateaggressive state– Took over most of mainlandTook over most of mainland

• City states became provinces of City states became provinces of Macedonian EmpireMacedonian Empire

• From now on, Greece would almost From now on, Greece would almost always be under foreign rulealways be under foreign rule

Alexander the Great

356-323 B.C.E.

Alexander the Great

356-323 B.C.E.

Alexander the Great’s EmpireAlexander the Great’s Empire

Alexander the Great in Persia

Alexander the Great in Persia

Building Greek Cities in the East

Building Greek Cities in the East

Pergamum:

A New “Hellenis

tic”City

Pergamum:

A New “Hellenis

tic”City

CosmopolitCosmopolitanan

CultureCulture

Trade in the Hellenistic World

Trade in the Hellenistic World

Library at Alexandria (333 B.C.E.)

Library at Alexandria (333 B.C.E.)

Hellenic vs. Hellenistic Art

Hellenic vs. Hellenistic Art

Hellenistic PhilosophersHellenistic

Philosophers$ Cynics Diogenes ignore social conventions & avoid

luxuries.

citizens of the world.

live a humble, simple life.

$ Epicurians Epicurus avoid pain & seek pleasure.

all excess leads to pain!

politics should be avoided.

Hellenistic PhilosophersHellenistic

Philosophers$ Stoics Zeno nature is the expansion of

divine will.

concept of natural law.

get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but to perform virtuous acts for the good of all.

true happiness is found in great achievements.

The “Known” World – 3c B.C.E.

The “Known” World – 3c B.C.E.

Hellenism:The Arts & Sciences

Hellenism:The Arts & Sciences$ Scientists /

Mathematicians: Aristarchus heliocentric

theory.

Euclid geometry.

Archimedes pulley.

Ptolemy geocentric theory.

Ptolemaic View of the Universe

Ptolemaic View of the Universe

The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire

The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire

The Incursion of Rome into the

Hellenistic World

The Incursion of Rome into the

Hellenistic World