MABC approach combines early maturity and foliar fungal disease resistance

Feb 2017 MABC approach combines early maturity and foliar fungal disease resistance Background Groundnut is culvated in more than 100 countries around the world, over a area of 25.4 m ha with total producon of 45.22 m t (FAO, 2014). New groundnut variees should meet the requirements of growers, processors and consumers. Hence, combining desirable traits into a single genotype is the main goal of breeding programs. Foliar fungal diseases especially late leaf spot and rust can cause yield losses of 50–70% in groundnut, along with adverse effects on the quality of the produce. A major QTL on AO3 chromosome governing resistance to rust disease (>80% phenotypic variance) and also contribung to resistance to late leaf spot disease (65% phenotypic variance) was introgressed from donor parent GPBD 4 (an interspecific derivave from wild diploid species A. cardenasii) using marker- assisted backcrossing (MABC) approach. Three mega variees – TAG 24, JL 24 and ICGV 91114 – were targeted for improvement. MABC Scheme for Introgression of Rust QTL About ICRISAT: www.icrisat.org ICRISAT’s scienfic informaon: hp://EXPLOREit.icrisat.org Donor: CRP-Grain Legumes Compeve Grants Scheme, DBT, OFID, ICAR-ICRISAT Development and idenficaon of best introgression lines in the genec background of TAG 24, JL 24 and ICGV 91114 2008–2010 Hybridizaon and backcrossing 2011–2013 Idenficaon on QTL homozygotes by genotyping, and background selecon of recurrent parent traits by phenotyping 2013-–2014 Phenotyping of over 200 introgression bulks at ICRISAT under arficial disease screening 2014–2015 Phenotyping of selected lines at disease hotspots, Dharwad and Aliyarnagar 2015–2016 Mul-locaon yield evaluaon trial with 57 selected entries 2016–2017 First ever Near Isogenic Line (NIL) trial with 12 best entries at naonal level under AICRP-G (All-India Coordinated Research Project on Groundnut) Figure 1. Pod yield of introgression lines and their recurrent parents at Dharwad, 2015. Figure 2. Pod yield performance of 12 selected NILs and their recurrent parents at five locaons in MLT trials conducted during rainy season 2015. Figure 3. Groundnut-growing area map of India with flags ( ) indicang regions where mul-locaon trials of foliar disease resistant introgression lines were conducted during rainy season 2015. Figure 4. Performance of introgression lines and their recurrent parents under disease screening trials at ICRISAT, India. Figure 5. Introgression lines and their donor and recurrent parents at harvest. Partners: ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR-DGR), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), University of Agricultural Sciences-Dharwad (UAS-Dharwad), Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) and Internaonal Crops Research Instute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT).

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Transcript of MABC approach combines early maturity and foliar fungal disease resistance

Page 1: MABC approach combines early maturity and foliar fungal disease resistance

Feb 2017

MABC approach combines early maturity and foliar fungal disease resistance BackgroundGroundnut is cultivated in more than 100 countries around the world, over a area of 25.4 m ha with total production of 45.22 m t (FAO, 2014). New groundnut varieties should meet the requirements of growers, processors and consumers. Hence, combining desirable traits into a single genotype is the main goal of breeding programs. Foliar fungal diseases especially late leaf spot and rust can cause yield losses of 50–70% in groundnut, along with adverse effects on the quality of the produce.

A major QTL on AO3 chromosome governing resistance to rust disease (>80% phenotypic variance) and also contributing to resistance to late leaf spot disease (65% phenotypic variance) was introgressed from donor parent GPBD 4 (an interspecific derivative from wild diploid species A. cardenasii) using marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) approach. Three mega varieties – TAG 24, JL 24 and ICGV 91114 – were targeted for improvement.

MABC Scheme for Introgression of Rust QTL

About ICRISAT: www.icrisat.orgICRISAT’s scientific information: http://EXPLOREit.icrisat.org

Donor: CRP-Grain Legumes Competitive Grants Scheme, DBT, OFID, ICAR-ICRISAT

Development and identification of best introgression lines in the genetic background of TAG 24, JL 24 and ICGV 91114

2008–2010 Hybridization and backcrossing

2011–2013 Identification on QTL homozygotes by genotyping, and background selection of recurrent parent traits by phenotyping

2013-–2014 Phenotyping of over 200 introgression bulks at ICRISAT under artificial disease screening

2014–2015 Phenotyping of selected lines at disease hotspots, Dharwad and Aliyarnagar

2015–2016 Multi-location yield evaluation trial with 57 selected entries

2016–2017 First ever Near Isogenic Line (NIL) trial with 12 best entries at national level under AICRP-G (All-India Coordinated Research Project on Groundnut)

Figure 1. Pod yield of introgression lines and their recurrent parents at Dharwad, 2015.

Figure 2. Pod yield performance of 12 selected NILs and their recurrent parents at five locations in MLT trials conducted during rainy season 2015.

Figure 3. Groundnut-growing area map of India with flags ( ) indicating regions where multi-location trials of foliar disease resistant introgression lines were conducted during rainy season 2015.

Figure 4. Performance of introgression lines and their recurrent parents under disease screening trials at ICRISAT, India.

Figure 5. Introgression lines and their donor and recurrent parents at harvest.

Partners: ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR-DGR), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), University of Agricultural Sciences-Dharwad (UAS-Dharwad), Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT).