M a rc h 2 0 1 8 P U B L I S H ED BY S OY B EAN G ROW ERS ... · The U.S. Department of Agriculture...
Transcript of M a rc h 2 0 1 8 P U B L I S H ED BY S OY B EAN G ROW ERS ... · The U.S. Department of Agriculture...
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PUBLISHED BY SOYBEAN GROWERS FOR THE FEED INDUSTRYMarch 2018
World Soybean Produc�on (March 2018)The U.S. Department of Agriculture is es�ma�ng world soybean produc�on in the 2017/2018 market year will be 346.02 million metric tons.
Three countries, Brazil, Argen�na and the U.S., are projected to produce over 82% of the world’s soybeans. The United States soybean produc�on
es�mate is 119.52 million metric tons, or 4,382 million bushels.
Table 1. World Soybean Produc�on (2017/2018)
It is revealing to chart the world produc�on of soybeans. The second chart shows the total world produc�on versus use level. As one can see the
world growth of soybeans has been impressive; growth has increased by about 350% since 1987. The commercial growth of livestock and poultry
is probably closely correlated with this growth. Soybeans are supplying the world a needed source of protein and oil required for growth.
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World Soybean – Produc�on vs Usage
Table 2. World Soybean Meal Use by Country (2017/2018)
New Analy�cal Data Supports Soybean Meal Consistency (March 2018)Each year Evonik Industries updates a comprehensive report characterizing the composi�on of the U.S. soybean meal. Samples of the feed
ingredients are supplied to the Evonik Health & Nutri�on group by feed formulators. Their laboratory analyzes the soybean meal samples and
reports values for the various geographical regions that supply the feed industry. The soybean meal data are representa�ve for the 2017 crop
year and are segmented by region.
The 2017 soybean meal has a crude protein value of 46.1% and is consistent with trends of lower crude protein levels. This year’s meal values
range from 45.9% for the Western Corn Belt to 46.8% for the Southeast. Again this year varia�on in amino acid levels is extremely consistent.
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Table 3. Meal Composi�on by Region‑2017
Table 4. Composi�on of Soybean Meal for Crop Years 2012‑2017 (*)
(*) All values are expressed as mean percentages adjusted to 88% moisture; Reference: Evonik Industries, Evonik Corpora�on Nutri�on & Care, 1701 Barre� Lakes Blvd., Kennesaw, GA 30144 www.evonik.com/animal‑nutri�on.
Energy Values for Soybean Meal (March 2018)The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and net energy (NE) values of soybean meal (SBM) and dehulled soybean meal (DSBM) were
determined in experiments with male broilers. The composi�on of the SBM and DSBM was 91.4%, 45,4%, 1.56% and 4,210 kcal/kg; and 91.5%,
47.5, 0.95% and 4050 kcal/kg for dry ma�er, crude protein, fat and gross energy, respec�vely. The test soybean meals replaced twenty‑five
percent of the corn basal diet. The results of this experiment indicated average AME and NE content was 2,492 and 1,581 kcal/kg (DM basis) for
SBM, and 2,580 and 1,654 kcal/kg (DM basis) for DSBM, respec�vely.
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Liu, W., G.H. Liu, R.B. Liao, Y.L. Chang and X.Y. Huang. 2017. Apparent metabolizable and net energy values of corn and soybean meal for
broiler breeding cocks. Poultry Sci. 96 (1): 135–143.
Effect of Broiler Gene�cs on Soy Protein Diges�bility (March 2018)The objec�ve of this study was to determine whether there are differences in prececal amino acid diges�bility between commonly used slow‑
and fast‑growing broiler strains when the regression approach is applied. A slow‑ and fast‑growing broiler strain was selected and provided
experimental diets with soybean meal included at levels of 0, 100, and 200 g/k ad libitum consump�on. Each treatment was tested with six pens
comprising 10 birds each. Digesta samples were collected on a pen basis and prececal amino acid diges�bility of soybean meal was calculated by
linear regression.
The results indicated that the prececal crude protein and amino acid diges�bility of soybean meal did not differ significantly between strains; the
values were numerically almost iden�cal. The results of this study provide evidence of the transferability between broiler strains of prececal
amino acid diges�bility data, determined using the regression approach, thus improving the accuracy of diet formula�on without drawbacks.
C. Ganzer, C., W. Siegert, H. Kluth, J. Bennewitz and M. Rodehutscord. 2017. Prececal amino acid diges�bility of soybean cake in fast‑ and
slow‑growing broiler chickens. Poultry Sci. 96 (8) 2804–2810.
Effect of Par�cle Size on Soy Protein Concentrate U�liza�onTwo experiments were conducted to determine the standardized ileal diges�bility (SID) of amino acids (AA) and the concentra�on of
metabolizable energy (ME) in soy protein concentrate (SPC) ground to three par�cle sizes and in soybean meal and fish meal when fed to
weanling pigs. An addi�onal experiment was conducted to determine effects of including SPC in diets on growth performance when fed to
weanling pigs.
In the first experiment, diets containing soybean meal, fish meal, or SPC ground to a mean par�cle size of 70, 180, or 700 μm as the only source
of AA were fed to weanling barrows weighing about 13kg that had a T‑cannula installed in the ileum. In the second experiment, 36 barrows
weigh�ng about 13.7kg were allo�ed to a corn‑based diet or diets containing corn and soybean meal, fish meal, or SPC ground to the three
par�cle sizes. In the third experiment, 160 pigs weighing about 7 kg were allo�ed to 4 dietary treatments and 8 pens per treatment with 5 pigs
per pen. Diets included a control diet containing fish meal and spray dried plasma protein and diets in which fish meal, spray dried plasma
protein, or both fish meal and spray dried plasma protein were replaced by SPC ground to 180 μm.
Results indicated that the SID of lysine tended to be greater in SPC ground to 180 μm than in soybean meal and that the SID of arginine and
tryptophan were greater (P ‹ 0.05) in SPC ground to 70 or 180 μm than in SPC ground to 700 μm. There were no differences in the ME among
corn, soybean meal, fish meal, and SPC. The ME of SPC ground to 70, 180, or 700 μm was 3,683, 3,903, and 3,886 kcal/kg DM, respec�vely.
Subs�tu�on of spray dried plasma protein and fish meal by SPC ground to 180 μm in diets had no effect on pig growth performance. The
researchers concluded that reducing the par�cle size of SPC may improve diges�bility of some indispensable AA but did not affect concentra�on
of ME.
Casas, G.A., C. Huang and H. H. Stein. 217. Effect of par�cle size of soy protein concentrate on amino acid diges�bility and concentra�on of
metabolizable energy and effects of soy protein concentrate on growth performance of weanling pigs. J. Animal, Sci. 95 Supplement1, Abs
304. (ASAS Midwestern Sec�on and ADSA® Midwest Branch Mtg., March 13–15.
Soybean Meal U�liza�on – Nursery Pigs (March 2018)Two studies were conducted to determine whether soybean meal (SBM) use in nursery pig diets could be increased by superdosing with phytase.
In the first experiment, 2,550 pigs weighing about 5.5 kg were used to evaluate the op�mal level of phytase in low‑ or high‑SBM diets. Two SBM
levels and four phytase doses (0, 1,250, 2,500, and 3,750 phytase units [FTU]/kg were combined to create 8 dietary treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial
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arrangement. SBM inclusion rates of 15.0 and 25.0% were fed in Phase 1 (day 0‑10); 19.0 and 29.0% for Phase 2 (day 11‑20); and 32.5% for the
common diet fed days 21‑43. Pigs fed diets with high SBM had improved growth: feed (P ‹ 0.01) compared with low‑SBM diets. Phytase
quadra�cally improved feed efficiencies (P ‹ 0.05), with the op�mum phytase dose being 2,500 FTU/kg.
In the second experiment, 2,112 pigs weighing about 6 kg were used to evaluate the impact of high levels of SBM and phytase on performance,
stool firmness, mortality, and morbidity in weaned pigs origina�ng from a porcine reproduc�ve and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus–posi�ve
sow farm. Pigs were fed a 3‑phase feeding program as in experiment 1. Three levels of SBM (low, medium, or high) and two phytase levels (600 or
2,600 FTU) were combined to create 6 dietary treatments. Inclusion rates of SBM were 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0% for Phase 1 and 20.0, 27.5, and
35.0% for Phase 2 for low, medium, and high SBM, respec�vely, and 29.0% for the common Phase 3 diet. Inclusion of SBM did not affect growth
performance, however, the percentage of pigs removed for medical treatment linearly declined with increasing SBM levels (P = 0.04). Results
indicate that SBM levels in early nursery diets can be increased without decreasing growth performance and may be favorable in pigs origina�ng
from PRRS‑posi�ve sow farms by reducing costs of medical treatments. Supplementa�on of phytase at superdose levels can improve growth
performance independently from the level of SBM in the diet.
Moran, K., R. D. Boyd, C. Zier‑Rush, P. Wilcock and N. Bajjalieh. 2017. Effects of high inclusion of soybean meal and a phytase superdose on
growth performance of weaned pigs housed under the rigors of commercial condi�ons. J, Anim. Sci, 95 (12): 5455–5465.
Energy Values for Soybean Oil By‑Products (March 2018)A study was conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) contents of by‑products from the
soybean oil industry for broiler chickens. A total of 390 Cobb male broilers were randomly distributed into 13 treatments having six replicates of
five birds each. Birds were fed a common corn‑soybean meal starter diet from placement to 21 days. The four fat sources were added at three
increasing levels each, and were fed from 21 to 28 d. The fat sources u�lized were acidulated soybean soapstock, glycerol, lecithin and a mixture
containing 85% soapstock, 10% glycerol and 5% lecithin. A 4 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement was used with 4 by‑products (ASS, GLY, LEC, or MIX), 3
inclusion levels and 1 basal diet. Each of the four fat by‑product sources was included in the diets as follow: 2% of by‑products (98% basal + 2%
by‑product), 4% (96% basal + 4% by‑product), or 6% (94% basal + 6% by‑product). Total excreta were collected twice daily for 72 hours to
determine apparent metabolizable energy contents star�ng at 25 d. The AMEn intake was regressed against feed intake and the slope was used
to es�mate AMEn values for each fat source.
The resultant AMEn values calculated for the soybean oil by‑product were 7,153, 3,916, 7,051, and 8,515 kcal/kg DM for acidulated soybean
soapstock, glycerol, lecithin and the mixture, respec�vely. These results provide AMEn values for soybean oil by‑products that can be used in
poultry feed form.
Borsa�, L. and co‑workers. 2018. Apparent metabolizable energy of by‑products from the soybean oil industry for broilers: acidulated
soapstock, glycerin, lecithin, and their mixture. Poultry Sci. 97 (1): 124‑130.
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