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Luminex AssaysHigh-throughput Multiplex Bead Based Assays
Luminex assays are based on xMAP technology (multi-analyte proling beads) enabling
the detection and quantitation o multiple RNA or protein targets simultaneously. The
xMAP system combines a ow cytometer, uorescent-dyed microspheres (beads), lasers
and digital signal processing to efciently allow multiplexing o up to 100 unique assays
within a single sample.
Panomics has an aggressive program or the development o a broad range o assays or
the Luminex platorm and similar instruments based on the xMAP technology. Currently
we have hundreds o RNA targets available in 330 plex assays using our using our
QuantiGene Plex Reagent Systems, with new targets being added weekly. Our Procarta
Human, Mouse and Rat Assays can quantitatively measure cytokines and chemokines
rom a variety o sample sources, including serum and plasma. Weve recently expanded
our amily o assays designed to measure protein expression and monitor protein modi-
cations/activation states in diverse matrices.
We are also proud to be one o the ew Luminex Certied Developers. Luminex have
recognized us as having both unique and extensive assay development capabilities. We
are happy to discuss your specic needs and develop and validate your assay to the same
exacting standards as our commercially available assays.
Luminex Assays romPanomics
Gene Expressionquantitatively
measure up to 30 dierent RNA
transcripts
Transcription FactorProle up to
40 dierent active TFs rom a singlesample
Cytokine/Chemokinesquanti-
tatively measure up to 33 dierent
secreted proteins in serum, plasma
or cell culture supernatant in human
and mouse samples
SH2 DomainsProle phospho-
tyrosine interactions with 30 SH2
protein binding domains
Custom Built AssaysI you cant
nd what youre looking or, we can
custom design and build your assay.
As one o the ew Luminex Certied
Developers, you can be assured o
quality and a speedy response.
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CE
mRNA
LE
BL
CP
Capture
Bead
2.0 Pre-Amplier
2.0 Amplier with
biotinylated Label Probe
Streptavidin Phycoerythrin
a)
b)
Dried Blood Spots
Whole Blood or
PAXgene Blood
FFPE Sections
Animal Tissues
Cultured Cells
Step 1: Release Target RNA
Cells are lysed to release RNA.
Step 3: Signal Amplication
a) Sequential hybridization of the
2.0 Pre-Amplier, 2.0 Amplier
and biotinylated Label Probe,
respectively, for an hour at 50C.
b) Binding with Streptavidin-
conjugated Phycoerythrin (SAPE) at
room temperature for 30 minutes.
Step 4: Detection
The sample is analyzed on a
Luminex* instrument. The level of
SAPE uorescence is proportional
to the amount of mRNA transcripts
captured by the bead.
* Bio-Plex suspension array systemor other Luminex-based array systems.
Step 2: Target RNA Capture
Specic mRNA transcripts are
captured to their respective beads
through a Capture Extender (CE)
Capture Probe (CP) interaction
during an overnight hybridization
at 54C.
QuantiGene Plex 2.0Taking Multiplexed Gene Expression to the Next Level
QuantiGene Plex 2.0 and Luminex
QuantiGene Plex oers high reproducibility and ease-o-use that
make it the perect assay to bridge the technology gap when
studying many genes in a limited number o samples and study-
ing a ew genes in a large number o samples. With QuantiGene
Plex, researchers can easily perorm multiplexed analyses rom rare
or volume-limited samples and can compare results across dier-
ent samples, experiments and laboratories. Proling many genes
simultaneously in a single reaction directly rom cultured cell or
whole blood lysates, or resh, rozen or FFPE tissue homogenates,
can be accomplished without the need or RNA purication,
reverse transcription, or amplication.
QuantiGene Plex 2.0 assays combine branched DNA (bDNA) signal
amplication technology and xMAP (multi-analyte proling) beads
to enable simultaneous quantication o multiple RNA targets
directly rom cultured cell or whole blood lysates; resh, rozen or
ormalin-xed, parafn-embedded (FFPE) tissue homogenates;
or puried RNA preparations. Clinically proven Branched DNA
technology is a sandwich nucleic acid hybridization assay that
provides a unique approach or RNA detection and quantication
by ampliying the reporter signal rather than the target sequence.
By measuring the RNA at the sample source, the assay avoids
variations or errors inherent to extraction and amplication o
target sequences.
Assay Specications
Limit o Detection 2,000 transcripts/assay well
Limit o Quantitation 5,000 transcripts/assay well
Linear Dynamic Range 3 logs
Assay CV 15% intra-assay; 20% inter-assay
Compatible Sample
Types
Cultured cells, whole blood, PAXgene blood
or dried blood spots, resh/rozen tissues,
FFPE samples, puried RNA
Assay Format 96-well plate
Targets/well 330
QuantiGene Plex Applications
Prospective/retrospective studies using whole bloodor FFPE samples
Biomarker validation Predictive toxicology
Microarray validation
Secondary screening
RNAi knockdowns and monitoring of o-target eects
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Demonstrated Performance with Clinically Relevant Sample Types
Using QuantiGene Plex 2.0 in High Throughput ApplicationsMany potential drugs that specically target a particular protein considered to underlie a
given disease have been ound to be less eective than hoped, or to cause signicant side
eects. The intrinsic robustness o living systems against various perturbations is a key actor
that prevents such compounds rom being successul.
By including screening measurements in a more integrated manner using chemical genomic
approaches, i.e. associated pathway elements, dose response, o target targets, the likelihood
o identiying more robust compounds (SMEs) or biologicals that have a higher chance o ulti-
mate success will increase signicantly. At the same time promising candidates that would have
ultimately ailed at a later stage in the development process will be identied during screening,
enabling higher attrition rates supporting the ultimate goal o ailing aster.
QuantiGene Plex 2.0 is ideally suited to deliver cost eective multiplex data or these new
high value contextually relevant assays. Benets to consider:
Target additional pathway elements not just primary genes of interest
Get earlier indication of toxicology proles and stress indicators
Develop dose response proles
384 well or 96 well plate formats are supported
Assay can be readily automated
Our patent pending plex/plex methodology reduces cost and labor considerably
Compatible with the Luminex HTS system
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
QuantiGene Plex
QuantiGenePlex2.0
Housekeeping RNAs
Cytokine RNAs
Values in the graph demonstrate
the expected induction o 4cytokine RNAs in 10 L o whole
blood samples treated with LPS.
No signicant changes were
detected in the expression o 8
housekeeping RNAs. Data rom
QuantiGene Plex 1.0 and
QuantiGene Plex 2.0 assays had a
correlation coefcient o 0.9995.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
GAPDH
RPLP0
PGK1
HPRT1
PPIB
POLR2A
RPS20
RPL19
RPL32
RPS3
IL-8
Housekeeping RNAsTarget
Fold-change(+PMA/-PM
A)
QuantiGene Plex
QuantiGene Plex 2.0
Values in the graph demonstrate
the expected induction o IL-8
in FFPE preparations o HeLa
cell pellets treated with PMA.
No signicant changes were
detected in the expression o 10
housekeeping RNAs. Data rom
the QuantiGene Plex 1.0 and
QuantiGene Plex 2.0 assays had a
correlation coefcient o 0.9999.
QuantiGene Plex Publications
1. Gupta, A., et al., Role o protein C in renal
dysunction ater polymicrobial sepsis. J
Am Soc Nephrol, 2007. 18(3): p. 860-7.
2. Flagella, M., et al., A multiplex branchedDNA assay or parallel quantitative gene
expression proling. Anal Biochem, 2006.
352(1): p. 50-60.
3. Zheng, Z., Y. Luo, and G.K. McMaster,
Sensitive and quantitative measurement
o gene expression directly rom a small
amount o whole blood. Clin Chem, 2006.
52(7): p. 1294-302.
4. Zhang, A., et al., Small interering RNA and
gene expression analysis using a multi-
plex branched DNA assay without RNA
purication. J Biomol Screen, 2005. 10(6):
p. 549-56.
Assay Highlights
Quantitatively measure multiple
RNA targets simultaneously with
unparalleled accuracy and precision
RNA quantitation directly rom
cultured cells, whole blood, or resh,
rozen or ormalin-xed, parafn-
embedded (FFPE) tissue
No RNA purication No reverse transcription No target amplication
Simple Assay Workfow
Widely used in biomarker validation,
microarray validation, predictivetoxicology and secondary screening
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Procarta Transcription Factor PlexLuminex Assays or Transcription Factor Proling
About TranscriptionFactors
Transcription Factors (TFs) are highly
conserved proteins that bind to DNA and
initiate transcription o a given gene. A
single extracellular stimulus can trigger
multiple signaling pathways, and these in
turn can activate multiple TFs to mediate
the inducible expression o target genes.
The Procarta TF Plex assay is a proling
assay or monitoring the activation o TFs.
We have developed two panels (40-plex
and 43-plex) which are Luminex based
to prole and measure activated TFs.
The 96-well plate ormat enables high-
throughput proling o the DNA binding
activity o TFs in multiple samples with
high sensitivity.
Key Applications
Prole the activities of multiple TFsupon a given drug stimulus
Monitor o-target eects upon agiven drug treatment
Conrm cell signaling pathwaysusing the TF Plex Assay
How It Works
Our novel, Procarta TF assay allows or the proling o multiple TFs rom a variety o sample
types including cell lysates and nuclear extracts. Up to 40 TFs can be analyzed in one well.
bead
1
bead
2
Cis2Cis1
Cis1
Cisn Cis2
Cisn
bead
3
Step 3: Denature cis
elements by heat and
aneal to Luminex beads
with anti-sense sequence
Step 4: Add streptavidin
PE to sample and read on
Luminex machine
Cis1
Cisn
Cisn
Cis2
Cis2
TF2
TFn
TF1
Cis1
Cis1
Cisn
Cis2
TF2
TFn
TF1
Step 1: Incubation of the
cis element probes with the
nuclear extract or whole cell
lysate in 96 well plate
Step 2: Transfer probeTF mixture to separation
plate and wash TF bound
probe mix. Denature cis
elements away from TFs
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TF 40-plex assay: Nuclear Extract from HeLa +/- PMA
MFI
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Nuclear Extract PMA
Nuclear Extract +PMA
RUNX/AML
AP1
AP2
AR
ATF2
NF-Y
CEBP
FAST1
C-MYB
CREB
E2F1-
1
ELK1
ER
ETS/PEA
FKHR-
1
GATA-
1
GR/PR
HIF-
1
HNF1
IRF1
ISRE
MEF-2
MYOD
NF-1
NFAT
NF-E
1(YY1)
NF-E
2
NFKB1
OCT
P53
PPAR
PAX3
SMAD
STAT1
STAT3
STAT4
NKX-2.5
BRN3
PAX5
Probe only
Procarta TF Plex AssayConrmed by EMSA
The activity o 40 dierent TFs
were proled using the Procarta
Transcription Factor Plex Assay.
Nuclear extracts were prepared
rom serum starved HeLa cells subse-
quently stimulated with PMA or a
vehicle control or 4 hours. Extracts
were used on the Procarta TF Plexassay and the EMSA Gel Shit assays.
1 2 3
AP-1
1 2 3
NF-E2
1 2 3
STAT4
1 2 3
NF-1
Create your own TF Plex Panel
You have the option to either order the ull 40 plex or choose TFs rom either panel to create your own unique 3-39 plex.
RUNX/AML ELK-1 ISRE OCT
AP-1 ER MEF-2 p53AP-2 ETS/PEA MYOD PAX-3
AR FAST-1 NF-1 PAX-5
ATF-2 FKHR-1 NFAT PPAR
BRN-3 GATA-1 NF-E1/YY1 SMAD
CEBP GR/PR NF-E2 STAT-1
C-MYB HIF-1 NFkB STAT-3
CREB HNF1 NKX-2.5 STAT-4
E2F-1 IRF-1 NF-Y STAT-5
Procarta TF Panel 1 (40 TFs)
Visit our website to see the most current list.
Procarta TF Panel 2 (43 TFs)
Create your ownTF Plex Panel
You have the option to
either order the ull plex
sets rom Panel 1 or Panel 2
or choose TFs rom within
either panel to create your
own plex set.
ALF-1/TAL-1 ELF-1 KPF-1 PUR-1
ANTIOXIDENT RE EVI-1 LF-A1 RBAP-1 GAG LVF SIE
AP-4 GFI-1 MRE SRE
CCAAT H4TF MTF SRY
CDP HAS+HBS NEUROD1 TFE-3
CEF-1 HBS/XBP NFkB TR
C-MYC HINF NPAS2 TR(DR-4)
COUP-TF HSF PDX-1 TREF-1/2
E47 IKAROS PIT-1 USF-1
EGR XBP-1 XRE
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Incubate your sample withthe antibody-conjugatedbeads for 30 minutes
IL-10 TNF-
1 Add detection antibody andincubate for 30 minutes
2
Add SAPE and incubatefor 30 minutes
3 Detect interactions ona Luminex instrument
4
Procarta Quantitative, Multiplexed Cytokine/Chemokine Assays
Overview
Procarta Cytokine/Chemokine assays use
the xMAP technology (mutli-analyte
proling beads) to enable the detection
and quantitation o multiple protein
targets simultaneously. The Procarta assay
kits are compatible with all Luminex and
Luminex-based instruments currently
available.
Measure Protein and GeneExpression rom the SameSample Well
Panomics Procarta Cytokine Assay Kits
enable the proling o up to 33 (check
website or an updated list) dierent
cytokines per reaction. When coupled
with Panomics QuantiGene Plex assays,
both gene and protein expression can be
quantitated rom the same sample well
(supernatant or protein quantitation and
cell lysate or mRNA quantitation) enabling
the parallel study o gene expression at
the RNA and protein level.
Procarta Cytokine Assay Kits
Procarta Cytokine assays simultaneously
quantitate cytokines rom diverse matrices
in 3 hours with a sensitivity o 1 pg/mL/
cytokine. Human, Mouse and Rat Cytokine/
Chemokine Assay Kits are available in
1- and 10-plate sizes or xed, o-the-shel
ormats, or By Request, customer dened
mix-to-order ormats. By Request orders
are processed and delivered in a pre-mixedready to use ormat in ~1 week. Procarta
Cytokine Assay Kits contain all the com-
ponents required to process cell culture
supernatant samples and include: pre-
mixed, ready to use, antibody-conjugated
beads; 96-well lter plate and holder;
assay and wash buers; sample buer;
pre-mixed, ready to use detection antibod-
ies; Streptavidin-PE (SAPE) uorescence
detection reagent; and premixed antigenstandards.
Procarta Standard Diluent Kits
Procarta Cytokine Standard Diluent Kits
or plasma and serum, sold separately,
contain a single component, species/
matrix-specic Standard Buer, or prepara-
tion o antigen standards and dilution
o experimental samples (i required).
Panomics Procarta Cytokine Standard
Diluent Kits are designed or use withProcarta Cytokine Assay Kits. Using the
appropriate Standard Buer ensures
optimal recovery and sensitivity o the
cytokines being analyzed in a serum or
plasma matrix.
How It Works
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0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
Analyte (pg/ml)
MedianFluorescen
ceIntensity(MFI)
IL-1alpha IL-1beta
IL-2 IL-3
IL-4 IL-5
IL-6 IL-10
IL-12 (p40) IL-12 (p70)
IL-13 IL-17
GM-CSF MIP-1al ph a
EOTAXIN KC
RANTES TNFalpha
IFNgamma
Standard Curves were generated in cell culture media using Panomics 19-plex Procarta Mouse
Cytokine Assay Kit. Each analyte has a sensitivity o 10 pg/mL or less and an assay range over 3 logs.
Assay Highlights
Mix and match to create your own
plex set rom Human, Mouse and Rat
analytes rom the list below
Complete assay in less than 3 hours
Reagents are supplied at 1X
concentration and ready to use
Quantitative measurements rom
cell culture supernatants, serum or
plasma samples
Minimal sample required, only 25 L
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
0 20 30 60 120 240 480 960 1440 2880
Minutes
mRNAExpression(MF
I)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
ProteinExpression(MFI)
Protein IL-8
mRNA IL-8
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 20 30 60 120 240 480 960 1440 2880
Minutes
mRNAExpres
sion(MFI)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
ProteinExpression(MFI)
Protein IL-1
mRNA IL-1
Specications
Sensitivit y 1 pg/mL/cy tokine
Precision Average Inter-assay CV
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The SH2 Domaina Key to UnderstandingPhosphotyrosine-Dependent SignalTransduction
SH2 domains are one o the many protein domain amilies
that mediate protein-protein interactions in signal trans-duction. Like other domains, SH2 domains are dened by
a conserved region o amino acid residues. The olding
characteristics o this sequence o 100-amino acids allow
these domains to specically recognize and bind to
phosphotyrosine-containing ligands.
There are approximately 120 dierent SH2 domains that
bind to 110 dierent proteins in the human genome. These
protein-protein interactions involving phosphotyrosines,
like those made possible by SH2 domains, are a primary
means o recruiting signaling proteins, and thus play a
major role in signal transduction.
SH2 domains can be ound in enzymes, adaptor proteins,
regulatory subunits o signaling proteins, scaold proteins,
transcription actors and oncogenic proteins. These pro-
teins are integral to the signaling process because they act
as adaptors between receptors and downstream signaling
molecules, transmitting signals within cells and regulating
the kinase activity o specic proteins.
Protein phosphorylation is a major conduit o inormation or
cellular responses, and deects in SH2 domain-dependent
signaling are oten directly or indirectly shown to be involvedin human diseases.
Phosphotyrosine Proling Using SH2 Domains
The Procarta SH2 Domain Plex assay is a 30 plex assay
capable o proling identiying dierences o measuring
SH2 proteins that have bound to phosphorylated tyrosine
residues o proteins.
Cos EGF +/- 5ugCos -, 5ug
Cos EGF 5'
Cos EGF 30
Blank
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
1200.0
1400.0
1600.0
1800.0
2000.0
3BP2(7)
ABL2(12)
BTK(18)
GRAP(19)
CRK(20)
CRKL(21)
DAPP1(25)
FYN(26)
GRB10(27)
GRB14(28)
CSK(29)
VAV3(32)
LCK(34)
LCP2(35)
MATK(36)
NSP1(37)
GrB2(38)
P55G-D1(41)
P85A-D1(42)
P85A-D2(43)
P85B-D1(44)
P85B-D2(45)
PLCG1-D1(46)
PTPN11-D2(47)
PTPN6-D2(51)
SOCS2(52)
STAP2(53)
SYK-D2(54)
TNS(55)
SHC1(56)
P
P
P
P
P
P
Ligand Binding
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
Receptor phosphorylationand recruitment of SH2Protein to the RTK
The specic SH2 protein binds to the phosphorylated receptor
and initiates the cell signaling cascades
SH2-GRB2
SH2-P13K
SH2-PLCY SH2-
Abl
Ligand
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
Ligand binds to receptor causing
phosphorylation of the receptor
SH2-GRB2
SH2-P13K
SH2-PLCY SH2-
Abl
SH2-GRB2
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Luminex Technology Overview
Luminexs xMAP technology is built on proven, existing
technologyow cytometry, microspheres, lasers, digital signal
processing and traditional chemistrythat have been combined
in a unique way. Featuring a exible, open-architecture design,
xMAP technology can be congured to perorm a wide variety obioassays quickly, cost-eectively and accurately.
Luminex color-codes tiny beads, called microspheres, into 100
distinct sets. Each bead set can be coated with a reagent specic
to a particular bioassay, allowing the capture and detection o
specic analytes rom a sample. Within the Luminex compact
analyzer, lasers excite the internal dyes that identiy each micro-
sphere particle, and also any reporter dye captured during the
assay. Many readings are made on each bead set, urther validat-
ing the results. In this way, xMAP technology allows multiplexing
o up to 100 unique assays within a single sample, both rapidly
and precisely.
Heres How It Works
The Luminex System is a exible analyzer based on the principles
o ow cytometry that is designed to meet the needs o any
size research laboratory. The system enables you to multiplex
(simultaneously measure) up to 100 analytes in a single microplate
well, using very small sample volumes. At Panomics though, we
oer multiplexed solutions o up to 40 dierent analytes in a single
well. The system delivers ast and cost-eective bioassay results
on many assay ormats that Panomics oers which include: gene
expression, transcription actor proling, cytokine proling andSH2 Domain proling.
The Luminex System is the combination o three core xMAP
technologies. The rst is xMAP microspheres, a amily o 100
uorescently dyed 5.6 micron-sized polystyrene microspheres that
act as both the identier and the solid surace to build the assay.
The second is a ow cytometry-based instrument, the Luminex
analyzer, which integrates key xMAP detection components such
as lasers, optics, advanced uidics and high-speed digital signal
processors. The third component is the assays that are designed
around the microspheres.
xMAP Technology
The xMAP technology uses 5.6 micron polystyrene microspheres
which are internally dyed with red and inrared uorophores. Using
dierent amounts o the two dyes or dierent batches o micro-
spheres, up to 100 dierent microsphere sets can be created. Each
bead is unique with a spectral signature determined by its red/
inrared dye mixture. The bead is lled with a specic known ratio
o the two dyes. As each microsphere carries a unique signature,
the xMAP detection system can identiy to which set it belongs.
Thereore, multiplexing up to 100 tests in a single reaction volume
is possible.
Luminex Reader DesignThe Luminex reader combines two lasers, uidics, and real-time
digital signal processing to distinguish up to 100 dierent sets o
color-coded polystyrene beads, each bearing a dierent assay. The
Luminex reader is an essential tool that perorms the key unctions
o this multiplex technology:
The bead is
impregnated
with the dye
mixture
5.6 Microns
Bead Set 26
Bead Set 21
10UniqueInfraredDyeConcentrations 10U
nique
RedD
yeConc
entra
tions
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Luminex PerformanceHighlights
Reduced cost and labor by
multiplexing
Shortened time-to-results by avor-able reaction kinetics o liquid bead
array approach, with smaller sample
requirements
Liquid reaction kinetics give aster,
more reproducible results than with
solid, planar arrays
Focused, exible multiplexing in
the range o 1 to 100 analytes meets
the needs o a wide variety o appli-
cationsprotein expression proling,
ocused gene expression proling
FluidicsThe reader detects individual beads by ow cytometry. The uidics system
o the reader aligns the beads into single le as they enter a stream o sheath uid and
then enter a ow cell. Once the beads are in single le within the ow cell, each bead is
individually interrogated or bead color (analyte) and assay signal strength (PE uorescence
intensity)
LasersThe reader uses a 532 nm green laser (assay laser) is used to excite the PE dye o
the assay (Streptavidin-PE). The 635 nm solid state laser (red classiy laser) is used to excite
the dyes inside the beads to determine their color or region and is also used or doublet
discrimination by light scatter
DetectorsThe reader has our detectors, one or each o the optical paths shown in the
gure below. Detectors are used to measure the uorescence o the assay, to make bead
determination (1-100) and the last to discriminate between single and aggregate beads.
Bead set 12: IL-6
1835 m = 500 IU
Assay
Detec
tor
532nmGreenLaser
635nmRedLaser
BeadDetector2
BeadDetector1
DDDe
tector
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U.S. Corporate Headquarters
Panomics, Inc.
6519 Dumbarton Circle
Fremont, CA 94555
Toll Free: 877 PANOMICS (1.877.726.6642)
Direct: 1.510.818.2600
Fax: 1.510.818.2610
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
European Headquarters
Panomics Srl
Via Sardegna 1
20060 Vignate-Milano (Italy)
Tel: +39.02.95.360.250
Fax: +39.02.95.360.992
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
www.panomics.com
6519 Dumbarton Circle
Fremont, CA 94555
Toll Free: 1.877 PANOMICS (1.877.726.6642)
T: 510.818.2600
F: 510.818.2610
www.panomics.com
For pricing and more inormation visit our website at
www.panomics.com or call us at 1.877.726.6642.
We also oer custom services. Contact us or details.
2007 Panomics, Inc. All rights reserved. Panomics is a trademark o Panomics, Inc. Procarta is a registered trademark o Panomics, Inc. QuantiGene an is a registered trademark exclusively licensed to
P i I MAP d L i i t d t d k L i C ti All th t d k b l t th i ti P t #14940