Computer Aided Diagnosis System for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Using X-ray Images
Lumbar spinal stenosis due to multiple disc protrusions ... · Rheumatic Diseases Paget’s Disease...
Transcript of Lumbar spinal stenosis due to multiple disc protrusions ... · Rheumatic Diseases Paget’s Disease...
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IASO General Hospital,
Athens
C. Yiannakopoulos, P. Kondoyannis
Lumbar spinal stenosis due
to multiple disc protrusions.
Treatment with laser decompression.
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INTRADISCAL EXTRADISCAL
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Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression
(PLDD)
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Choy DS, Ngeow J. Percutaneous laser disc decompression in spinal stenosis. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1998 Apr;16(2):123-5.
Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression (PLDD)
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The Objective of our study was three fold:
1. How the so called third age patient reacts to PLDD
2. Whether PLDD is effective in elderly people with central spinal stenosis
3. Cost effectiveness in this particular patient group
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Types:
Central Stenosis
Lateral Recess Stenosis
Foraminal & extra-foraminal stenosis
Spinal Stenosis
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Contributing Factors:
Degenerative changes
Disc Protrusions
Lig. Flavum hypertrophy
Spondylolisthesis
Rheumatic Diseases
Paget’s Disease
Congenital Factors
Trauma
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
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Approximately 85% of inhabitants of the Western world
are afflicted with some degree of back or neck pain at
some point in their lives.
8 to 10 million people have a permanent disability from it.
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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis is possibly one of the most under and/or
misdiagnosed syndromes today
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
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Neurogenic claudication
is the main clinical
symptom in patients with
spinal stenosis
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Elderly
Insidious, chronic pain
Leg pain > back pain
Neurogenic claudication
Pain worsened by lumbar extension, relieved by flexion
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Patient Profile
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Medical history
Physical examination
X ray
MRI
CT scan
Myelogram
Bone scan
Diagnosis of Spinal Stenosis
CT myelography
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Bed Rest and Controlled Physical Activity
Physical Therapy
NSAIDs
Orthosis (Lumbar brace or corset)
Epidural Corticosteroid Injections
Surgery (decompressive laminectomy)!!
Spondylodesis
Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
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The patients with lumbar spinal stenosis
generally are older people who may have
various additional health problems,
which affect surgery complications
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operative hemorrhage, gastrointestinal problems, urinary tract
problems, respiratory complications, cardiac problems,
postoperative infections, central nervous system problems, wound
dehiscence, peripheral vascular problems, transfusion problems,
persistent pain, dural tears, neurological deficit, re-operations,
functional disability, death
Complications
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Surgery is elective, performed to improve the quality
of life for individuals who have disabling back and leg
pain and significant limitations in walking tolerance.
Cauda equina syndrome is the only absolute indication for decompressive laminectomy.
Indications for Surgery
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Out of total 592 cases of patients with PLDD
There have been 56 cases with
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and neurogenic claudication
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Age Range
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Patients - Methods
Chief Complaints:
Intermittent claudication
Pain on one or both legs
Duration of Pain: > 6 months
Patient Work Up: CT, Myelogram, MRI
Affected Levels: two or more
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Affected Spinal Levels
L1-L2=4
L2-L3=25
L3-L4=46
L4-L5=51
L5-S1=3
Total=129
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Affected Spinal Levels
L4-L5
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LASER Technology and Parameters for PLDD
Source Neodymium-YAG 1060 nμ WL
Power 20-22 Watts
Energy 1500-2200 Joules per session
Transmission Flexible Optical Fibre of 600 μm
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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis - PLDD
Follow Up
Total No of Cases 56
Follow Up 49
Length 18 m - 8 yrs
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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis - PLDD
Results
No serious complications
No Adverse Reactions
5 cases temporary LBP
1 case temporary acute sciatica
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RESULTS
2x-3x increase of the walking distance
immediate alleviation of pain in 34 patients
permanent pain reduction 42 patients
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RESULTS
Excellent results 11 patients
Good result 28 patients
Minimal or no improvement 10 patients
49 patients
According to the Mc Nab Criteria
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RESULTS
Good/excellent results 73%
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Percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD)
is an effective treatment for spinal stenosis
where bulging or protruding discs
are a contributing factor
Conclusion
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PLLD is a safe and in selected patients
effective means for the treatment
of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
due to multiple disc protrusions
Conclusion