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Luisa Soares-Miranda et al. Circulation. 2016;133:147-155
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
Luisa Soares-Miranda et al. Circulation. 2016;133:147-155
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
FUNCTION OF:
Walking pace
< 3 km/h to
> 4.8 km/h
Walking distance
0 blocks/wkto
> 49 blocks/wk
Luisa Soares-Miranda et al. Circulation. 2016;133:147-155
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
PurposeTo examine work-related physical and
mental health amongst Active Commuters to the U of L
Suzanne McIntosh1
Sue Kovach2,1
Shelby Schumaker3,1
Olu Awosoga4
Jon Doan3,1
1HR - Wellness and Recognition 2Finance – Scholarships and Finance3Kinesiology and Phys Ed - Engineering and Human
Performance Lab4Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Lethbridge
Increased wellness amongst Active Commuters
to a newly urban university campus in Alberta
Suzanne McIntosh1
Sue Kovach2,1
Shelby Schumaker3,1
Olu Awosoga4
Jon Doan3,1
1HR - Wellness and Recognition 2Finance – Scholarships and Finance3Kinesiology and Phys Ed - Engineering and Human
Performance Lab4Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Lethbridge
Increased wellness amongst Active Commuters
to a newly urban university campus in Alberta
PurposeTo examine work-related physical and
mental health amongst Active Commuters to the U of L
HypothesisActive Commuters would have increased
physical and mental health, plus higher job satisfaction
ParticipantsTargeted sample of active commuters (AC-L)
- “bike rack recruiting” - packages available with towels at FitC
ParticipantsTargeted sample of active commuters (AC-L)
- “bike rack recruiting”- packages available with towels at FitC
Targeted sample of conventional commuters (CC-L)- “parking lot recruiting”- packages available with handbooks at FacO
Participants
- No differences in age or commute time- All AC-L started commute in West Lethbridge- 94% of CC-L commuted in personal vehicle- 81% of CC-L commuted alone
MeasuresWork Ability Index (Tuomi et al., 1998)
- self-report on work-related physical and mental health- target is early identification and intervention- modified for this use
- health conditions with unclear association with work were dropped
MeasuresWork Ability Index (Tuomi et al., 1998)
- self-report on work-related physical and mental health- target is early identification and intervention- modified for this use
- health conditions with unclear association with work were dropped
Job in General Scale, abridged (Ironson et al., 1989)- self-report on satisfaction with job- target is organizational prosperity
- satisfaction is cause, correlate, and effect of organizational success
Results - WAI
Results - WAI
Results - WAI
MAINTAIN
SEEK SUPPORT
IMPROVE
Prescribed action(Tuomi et al. 1996)
Results - WAI
- “Very good” WAITOTAL amongst AC-L was result of cumulative small increase on multiple WAIFACTORS
Results - JIG
Results - JIG
ConclusionThere is current and future value to
Active Commuting at U of L- associated with higher work ability,
lower frequency illness and absence, and increased job satisfaction
DiscussionThere is growing interest in Active Commuting
“What, if anything, would you like to do in the next year to improve or maintain your health and wellness?” U of L Employee Health and Wellness Surveys, 2012 & 2015
2012 2015
21% 33%POSITIVE
RESPONSE RATE
YEAR
ACTIVELY COMMUTE TO WORK (walk, bike, run)
Suzanne McIntosh1
Sue Kovach2,1
Shelby Schumaker3,1
Olu Awosoga4
Jon Doan3,1
1HR - Wellness and Recognition 2Finance – Scholarships and Finance3Kinesiology and Phys Ed - Engineering and Human
Performance Lab4Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Lethbridge
Increased wellness amongst Active Commuters
to a newly urban university campus in Alberta
A challenge and an opportunity
Active Commuting Suburban-to-Urban Campus
Active Commuting• Personal & work and local & global
benefits– Increased physical activity (Sisson & Tudor-Locke, 2008)
– Decreased sick days (Hendriksen et al., 2010)
– Decreased traffic (and environmental) load (Charles-Edwards et al., 2015)
• Universities are prime target– Workplace explicitly and implicitly affects AC
(Wen et al., 2010)
– Staff and student commuters are universities’ largest environmental impact (Tolley, 1996)
– Academia’s role as leaders and advocates (Shannon et al., 2006)
Suburban Campus
• Academic growth model for UK + Canada, post WWII
• New vision of academic campus as “radical, diffuse, non-residential, vocational”
versus “ancient, enclosed, exclusive, educational”
(Abercrombie, 1974)
• U of L the epitome of this phenomenon in Canada
University of Lethbridge [1967-]
• U of L looking west, 1972
1969
1972 – University Hall opens
1981 – first private home on west side built in 1974
1986 - <8000 people live on west side
1990 – South res. + Whoop-Up overpass complete
1999 - ~15000 people live on west side
2001 – University Library completed
2003 - ~20000 people live on west side
2007 – 1st Choice Fitness Centre opens
2008 – First secondary schools open on west side
2010 – Campus Daycare, Community Stadium open
2014 - >35000 people (40% of Lethbridge population) live on west side
Thanks to U of L Archives
for slide sequence!
To successfully integrate with this urbanization, important for U of L to:
1) Identify the current & future value of Active Commuting
1969
2014
To successfully integrate with this urbanization, important for U of L to:
1) Identify the current & future value of Active Commuting
2) If 1) is positive, champion Active Commuting behaviourand infrastructure
1969
2014
2016
U of L Development Plan [Erickson & Massey, 1969]
WALK“external access is possible to all parts of the campus by means of walks and walkways…a great variety of alternate routes with differing aspects and views are available.”
U of L Development Plan [Erickson & Massey, 1969]
WALK“external access is possible to all parts of the campus by means of walks and walkways…a great variety of alternate routes with differing aspects and views are available.” [Erickson & Massey, 1969]
U of L Campus Master Plan [2012]
WALK
BIKE
“walking as a primary means of movement on campus should be encouraged…bikes should be encouraged on campus.” [U of L CMP, 2012]
U of L Campus Master Plan [2012]
WALK
BIKE
“walking as a primary means of movement oncampus should be encouraged…bikes should be encouraged oncampus.” [U of L CMP, 2012]
stadium entry_point_centre
Next steps
Need to push, pull, and nudge open those gates that will connect
Active Commuters to their campus
PUSH
TEAMSCOMP.
THEME
SCHED.
REWARDSReal
Virtual
PULL
NUDGE
‘Excessive’ parking causes ‘dangerous’ driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
TIME ORDER
Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
City centers, 1980
Parking causes driving (McCahill et al., 2016)
STRENGTH
City centers, 1980
‘Parklets’
Commuting at University of Guelph• 2500 campus bicycle rack slots
• 2147 parking passes!• 20 covered bike shelters• 4 bike repair stations
• 900 buses come to campus daily• 2.3 million people took a bus to or from
U of G in 2014
“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’…..”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’…..”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
Copenhagen, 2015
“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
Copenhagen, 2015
“When discussing more urban biking, Ioften hear ‘We’re not Copenhagen orAmsterdam!’. Decades ago, neither wereCopenhagen or Amsterdam.”
Brent Toderian, Vancouver city planner
ACTIVE COMMUTING
Copenhagen, 2015 Beijing, 2015
What can we do
Personally• identify some purposeful walks & rides
around your neighbourhoodthen do them!
• start with 1 ‘different’ commute to work per week
• recognise (and embrace) push/pull/nudge effects
What can we do
Institutionally• be thoughtful about push/pull/nudge
opportunities
• internally support active commuting
• find a way to meet our ‘new’ neighbourhood
Thank you