Luca Salati Industrial and MultiMarket BU EMEA region · 2019-08-02 · •SG3524, SG3525 •L6668...

Power conversion

Luca Salati

Industrial and MultiMarket BU – EMEA region

08/11/07 – REV. 2

AGENDA

STMicroelectronics overview

AC-DC conversion

VIPer and Altair families

Power factor correction (drivers, MOSFET and

rectifiers)

HV PWM conversion (drivers, MOSFET and rectifiers,

synchronous rectification)

DC-DC conversion

2

08/11/07 – REV. 2

STMicroelectronics

3

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Sales by market segment

4

5

ST – a culture of Sustainable Excellence

Environmental policy & Certifications

we have had a Corporate Environment Policy since 1993, which reflects a proactive attitude towards environmental protection

all 14 of our manufacturing sites are certified to the international environmental standard, ISO 14001 and have EMAS validation

Environmental objectives and the Environment, Health and Safety Decalogue

a set of ten targets created to help the company reduce its impact on the environment

Introduced in 1995, revised in 1999 and 2005

Visit: http://www.st.com/internet/com/about_st/Environment_Company.jsp

Our results* from

1994 to 2010

Electricity per unit:

-52.0%

Water per unit:

-73.3%

Chemicals

(2000-2010):

-45.7%

(*) Consumption per

unit of production

08/11/07 – REV. 2

ST: Power Discrete & Analog WW Ranking

6

Key product family Key target applications

HV Power MOSFETs Power supply, lighting, solar

Rectifiers Power management

ACS switches Home appliances

Protections & IPAD Mobiles, USB/HDMI

interfaces, wired data transfer

Source: iSuppli, ST

Power Discrete Ranking 2010

Power MOSFET (High Voltage) # 1

Protection & IPAD # 1

Thyristors / Triacs # 1

Rectifiers & power diodes # 3

*Ranking refers to total ST Analog ICs sales

Analog Ranking 2010

Analog ICs* # 2

Key product family Key target applications

Power management ICs Power supply, solar, lighting

Mixed signal ICs Mobiles, peripherals, portable medical

Battery management ICs Mobiles, PDAs, e-Books

LED driver ICs Street lighting, building, panel arrays

08/11/07 – REV. 2 7

Advanced Packaging & System-in-Package

3D Heterogeneous Integration/ TSV

Advanced BCD

New Materials:

SiC & GaN

Ultra Low Power

Technologies

Harvesting and Thin Film Batteries

Innovative Wire Bonding

Innovation in Power Technologies

http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://doctorat.eel.upc.edu/images/low-power-piguet.jpg&imgrefurl=http://doctorat.eel.upc.edu/events_and_news_archive/short-course-low-power-and-low-voltage-design-by-christian-piguetcsem-neuchatel-switzerland&usg=__uvA9ia6NjxI0s04dyH1HknYFD1Y=&h=435&w=383&sz=58&hl=en&start=5&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=4I17uXQSWfS30M:&tbnh=126&tbnw=111&prev=/images?q=ultra+low+power+technologies&um=1&hl=en&tbs=isch:1

AC-DC Power conversion

Luca Salati

Industrial and MultiMarket BU – EMEA region

08/11/07 – REV. 2 9

HV Monolithic Switchers

• VIPer20/A, 50/A, 100/A

• VIPer12A, VIPer22A, VIPer53/E

• VIPer17 / 27 / 28 / 16 / 26 / 15

• Altair05 / Altair04

PFC

Controllers

TM

• L6561

• L6562

•L6563S/H

•L6562A/T

•L6564

FF-CCM

•L4981A/B

PWM Controllers

PWM – FF

• UC384x, L5991/A

• SG3524, SG3525

• L6668

• L6591

QR

• L6565

• L6566A /B / BH

RESONANT

• L6598

• L6599A

Synchr. Rectifier Controllers

• STSR2P, STSR2PM

• STSR3, STSR30

• SRK2000

Load-share Controller

• L6615

CV/CC Controllers

• TSM101, 103W

• TSM1011,1012,1013,1014

• TSM1051, 1052

• SEA05

Supervisor/Housekeeping ICs

• TSM102,104W,106,107,109

• TSM111, 114,115

• L6610, L6611

• TL77XX

AC-DC conversion portfolio

Part 1 – VIPer and Altair

Monolithic AC-DC converter families with 800/900V

integrated mosfet

08/11/07 – REV. 2

VIPer+ / Altair introduction:

new double chip approach

11

LOW

VOLTAGE

TECHNOLOGY

800V/900V

AVALANCHE

RUGGED

TECHNOLOGY

AC-DC converters up to 20W (as of today…) with integrated 800/900V mosfet for:

Home appliances / automation

Auxiliary SMPS in STB / PWM / HID lamp (including street-lighting)

LED lighting

Metering

Industrial AC-DC SMPS

08/11/07 – REV. 2 12

VIPer37

VIPer25

VIPer17 VIPer27

VIPer35 VIPer15

VIPer28 VIPer38

VIPer16 VIPer26

VIPer06

24 W SuperMESH

7 W SuperMESH

30 W SuperMESH

VIPer+ Converter Portfolio

VIPer50 VIPer22

VIPer20 VIPer12

800 V

Av.Rug.

18 W 30 W 5.5 W 730V

620V

1 W (3)

6W(1) / 12W(2) 12W(1) / 24W(2) 4W(1) / 8W(2) 15W(1) / 30W(2)

CTRL

VIPer x7

CTRL

VIPer x8

CTRL

VIPer x5

CTRL

VIPer x6

(1) Open frame, VIN = 85 - 264VAC ,

(2) Open frame, VIN = 230VAC ±20%,

(3) Achievable consumption at no load with Vin 264VAC

4.5 W SuperMESH III

SSO10 & DIP7 SO16N & DIP7 SO16N & DIP7 SDIP10

Product not available under development, SOP planned within 2011

30 mW(3)

30 mW(3)

30 mW(3)

30 mW(3)

Trainings/VIPerx7_28EXT.ppt

Trainings/VIPerX5training.ppt

Trainings/VIPER16_26training.ppt

08/11/07 – REV. 2 13

Brown out

Over Load Delay

PWM operations with settable IDLIM

Over Voltage

Over

Temperature

shut down

No auxiliary

Quasi Resonant Fixed Frequency (60 or 115kHz) with

Jittering

Simplified

Non Isolated

loop

2° OCP

Feedback

disconnection

Extra Power

Timer

Burst Mode

Soft start

VIPer x7 VIPer x8

Brown out

VIPer x5 VIPer x6 Basic features

Auto restart

Auto restart

(fixed time)

Main features

800V

Avalanche Rugged

Fixed Frequency (301 or 60 or 115kHz)

with Jittering

Latched a

Feedback

disconnection (option only for VIPer06)

Latched OVP (option for VIPer25LLD)

(1) 30kHz available only for VIPer06



Trainings/VIPerX5training.ppt


08/11/07 – REV. 2 14

VIPer37

VIPer25

VIPer17 VIPer27

VIPer35 VIPer15

VIPer28 VIPer38

VIPer16 VIPer26 VIPer06

SMPS topology and main applications

High features - Isolated Fly-back Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,

major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,

Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by

Quasi Resonant - Isolated Fly-back Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,



Peak Power Isolated Fly-back DVD, Printer, ATX

Basic features – Isolated Fly-back Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,



Non Isolated converters Home appliances, Small appliances, Lighting, Power

meter

DIP7

SO16N

DIP7

SO16N

DIP7

SSO10

SDIP10

1W……. …….15W(1) / 30W(2)

08/11/07 – REV. 2 15

AN2864 STAND BY PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZED WIDE

RANGE INPUT 5V/1A OUTPUT VIPER17L DEMO-BOARD

w/o Brown out feature

In case of Brown out feature is

implemented additional 10mW

must be considered

08/11/07 – REV. 2

16

AN2864 STAND BY PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZED WIDE RANGE

INPUT 5V/1A OUTPUT VIPER17L DEMO-BOARD

Po [W] 1 2 3 4 5

Energy Star 2.0: /

EUP Efficiency [%] 0.56 0.61 0.64 0.66 0.68

According to Norm, efficiency has to be higher than:

Norm 0.68%

VIPer17L

Application

significantly

better than

required

by Norm

ST Efficiency

Margin

08/11/07 – REV. 2 17

AN2950 VIPer28: 5 V - 2 A/3.3A, 60 kHz isolated flyback with

extra power management

08/11/07 – REV. 2 18

AN2950 VIPer28: 5 V - 2 A/3.3A, 60 kHz isolated flyback with

extra power management

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Evaluation Boards and ANs

19

VIPer 17 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference

VIPER17LN STEVAL-ISA058V1 Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 5W 5V / 1A AN2864 Stand-by PSU

VIPER17HN STEVAL-ISA060V1 Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 6W 12V / 0.5A AN2753 Stand-by PSU

VIPER17HN EVLVIP17-5WCHG Isolated

Fly-back 90-265 5W 5V / 1A AN2840

Cell Phone

Battery Charger

VIPER17HN STEVAL-ILL017V1 Isolated

Fly-back 220 ±20% 3.5W 7V / 500mA AN2811 Led Driver

VIPER17HN STEVAL-ISA062V1 Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 5.5W

5V / 500mA

12V / 250mA AN2934 General Purpose

VIPER17HN EVLVIP27-7WLED Isolated

Fly-back 100-264 3.5W 10V / 350mA AN3212

High Power

Factor Led Driver


VIPER27LN EVLVIP27L-12WS Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 12W 5V / 2.4A AN2929 Auxiliary PSU

VIPER27HN EVLVIP27H-12SB Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 11W 5V / 2.2A AN3011 Auxiliary PSU

VIPER27HN EVLVIP27-7WLED Isolated

Fly-back 100-264 7W 10V / 750mA AN3212

High Power

Factor Led Driver

08/11/07 – REV. 2


20


VIPER06LS

VIPER06HS Under development

Non isolated

Fly-back 85-265

12V / 300mA

option

( 5V /800mA)

TBD Home appliance

Under development Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 TBD TBD Home Appliance


VIPER16LN STEVAL-ISA010V1 Non isolated

buck converter 85-500 1.8W

12V / 5V (post

reg.) / 150mA AN2872 Power Meter

VIPER16LN EVLVIP16L-4WFN Non Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 4.5W 16V / 280mA

AN3028

draft Home appliance

VIPER16LN STEVAL-ISA071V1 Non Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 4W

- 5V / 400mA,

+7V / 160mA UM0920 Home appliance

VIPER16LN EVLVIP16L-5WFL Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 5W 12 / 350mA databrief

Home appliance

Auxilairy PSU

VIPER16LD EVLVIP16LD-1W5 Non Isolated

buck converter 85-265 1.8W

12V / 5V (post

reg.) / 150mA databrief

Small Home

Appliance

VIPER16HN EVLVIP16H-4WFN Non Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 4.5W 16V / 280mA databrief Home appliance


VIPER26LD STEVAL-ISA081V1 Primary

Regulation

Fly-back

85-265 12.5W 12V, 3.3V / 1A UM0984 Home appliance

08/11/07 – REV. 2


21


VIPER15LN STEVALVIP15L-6W

Quasi-

Resonant

Isolated

Fly-back

90-265 VAC 6W 12V, 500mA AN3160

draft Auxiliary PSU

VIPER15LN EVLVIP15L-5WSB

Quasi-

Resonant

Isolated

Fly-back

90-265 VAC 5W 5V, 1A TBD Auxiliary PSU


VIPER25LN EVLVIP25L-10WSB

Quasi-

Resonant

Isolated

Fly-back

85-265 VAC 10W 5V, 2A AN3286

draft

Auxiliary PSU

STB

Power Meter


VIPER28LN EVLVIPER28L-10W Isolated

Fly-back 85-265 VAC 12W 5V, 2.4A AN2950

Auxiliary PSU

Printer

08/11/07 – REV. 2 22

Application: home appliances / automation NEEDS

Low standby consumption required by new norms for Energy savings (EU community)

To provide 2 or 3 output voltages to supply:

microcontroller (3.3V / 5V) like STM32 / STM8

HV drivers e.g. L638x/L639x family (15V)

Relays (12-15V)

Topologies

Not isolated (common neutral to the output for triac/ACST driving)

MCU

Vip16

Vip26

P

N

Load

+12V

-5V (-3.3V)

Relay,

Half-bridge driver,

Display,

etc.

( motors, resistive heaters,

light bulbs/ballasts,...)

+15V

Va

c IG

LOAD

CONTROL

CIRCUIT

+VDD

VSS

Negative supply

(NPN buffer)

SELLING POINTS: STANDBY LOWER THAN 100mW, LOWER BOM TANKS TO THE INTEGRATED OP-

AMP, 800V MOSFET (=RELIABILITY)

08/11/07 – REV. 2

STEVAL-ISA071V1 - description

-5 / +7 V non-isolated flyback

Non isolated flyback topology

Common Neutral (output GND)

Input voltage range 85 – 265VAC

Output voltages -5V and 7V (12V refer to -5V)

Output power – 4W (for full range) 6W for EU range

Conductive EMI EN55022 Class B

Stand by below 50mW at 230VAC

Typical Applications: Home Appliances Home/building automation Lighting

Documentation: UM0920 – “4W non-isolated, wide input-voltage range

SMPS demonstration board based on the VIPer16”

Board Purpose: It addresses customers working on applications using direct triac control and relays. This method required an negative supply of MCU. This SMPS provides also additional auxiliary supply (12V refer to -5V) for

additional parts in application.

Key Product: VIPer16L STTH1L06 STPS1H100 STPS1L60

08/11/07 – REV. 2

STEVAL-ISA081V1 - description

12V Isolated Flyback – Primary Regulation

• Isolated Flyback Converter

• Input: 85 ~ 305 Vrms

• Output Nominal:

• 12 VDC ± 10%, 1A

• 3.3 VDC ± 4% , 100mA

• Output voltage settable in the range 10V – 18V/12W

• Maximum output power 12W

• Standby power (no load) <150mW

• Primary regulation

• EMI: according to EN55022 Class B

Typical Applications: Home Appliances Home/building automation Lighting Consumer Metering

Documentation:

UM0984 – “STEVAL-ISA081V1 demonstration board based on a 12 V / 1 A

isolated flyback

Board Purpose: General auxiliary power supply. Low cost solution (thanks primary regulation) allows to set output voltage in range 10 – 18V at output power 12W.

Key Product: VIPer26L STTH1L06 STPS2H100 STPS5L60 L78L33

08/11/07 – REV. 2 25

VIPer17 / 27 / 37

Main Features

Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

Break down voltage [V] 800

RDSon [Ohm] 24 / 7 / 4.5

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115

Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740 / 1050

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50

POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 6 / 12 / 15

(1) Package SO16N and 100mm2 of Cu

(2) Open Frame

800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET

PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.

Adjustable current limit, IDlim

Fixed Frequency with Jittering

High performance for stand-by & efficiency

Integrated protections: OVP, OLP, high OCP

Automatic auto restart after fault

Hysteretic thermal shutdown

Brown-out: minimum input voltage is settable

Pin description

* BR pin has the position 10 for VIPER17LD/HD (SO16N package)

*

GND

controller ground / power MOSFET Source

VDD

controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current

CONT

OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.

FB

current loop feedback

BR

brown out set-up

N.A.

Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)

N.C.

Not Connected

*

08/11/07 – REV. 2 26

VIPer28

Main Features

Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)


RDSon [Ohm] 7

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115

Max IDlim [mA] 850

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50

POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 12

(1) Package SO16N and 100mm2 of Cu

(2) Open Frame

GND


VDD


COMP

OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.

FB

current loop feedback

EPT

Extra Power Time set-up

N.A.


N.C.

Not Connected


PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.


Fixed Frequency with Jittering





Extra Power Management

Pin description

08/11/07 – REV. 2 27

VIPer06 / 16 /26


PWM controller with drain current limit IDlim

Adjustable current limit,IDlim

Fixed frequency with Jittering

high performance for stand-by & efficiency

No need of auxiliary winding

Automatic auto restart after faults


Direct feedback for non isolated SMPS

Replacement of capacitive power supply

Open loop protection

Main Features

Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS

Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)


RDSon [Ohm] 30 /24 / 7

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSC [KHz] 30 or 60 or 115

Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80

POUT [W] @ 85-265 VAC 4 / 6 / 12

(1) Package SO16N, 100mm2 of Cu

(2) Open Frame

GND


VDD


LIM

Current limit set-up, IDlim .

FB

direct voltage feedback (in case of non isolated SMPS)

COMP

Compensation network.

Current loop feedback in case of isolated SMPS

N.A.


N.C.

Not Connected

Pin description

08/11/07 – REV. 2 28

VIPer15 / 25

Main Features Pin description

Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS

Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)


RDSon [Ohm] 24 / 7

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSClim [KHz] up to 150 (L type)

up to 225 (H type)

Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80

POUT [W] @ 85-26 VAC 6 / 12

(1) Package SO16N, 100mm2 of Cu

(2) Open Frame


Quasi-Resonant PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.


Feed-Forward compensation





Brown-out: minimum input voltage is settable

GND


VDD


ZCD

Zero Current Detection, Feed-Forward set-up, OVP set-up, IDlim set point.

FB

Current loop feedback

BR

Brown out set-up

N.A.


N.C.

Not Connected

08/11/07 – REV. 2 29

C6

R4

R2

+ C1

C3 C4

R3

+ C5

D3 L1

FB

DRAIN

GND VDD COMP LIM

VIPER x6

D2

D1

+ C2

R1

Controller

T1

GND

VOUT

+

-

Schematics with VIPerx6

FLY-BACK / Fixed Freq.

NON ISOLATED

Simplified feedback loop R3, R4

No Need auxiliary winding C4

Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1

Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6

Default current limit 400mA / 700mA

Short circuit protection

(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26


08/11/07 – REV. 2


30

C6

R4

R2

+ C1

C3 C4

R3

+ C5

D3 L1

FB

DRAIN

GND VDD COMP LIM

VIPER x6

D2

D1

+ C2

R1

Controller

T1

GND

VOUT

+

-

FLY-BACK / FF

NON ISOLATED





Current limit set-up - RLIM <400mA or <700mA


(automatic restart) RLIM

VIPer06 / 16 / 26


08/11/07 – REV. 2


31

Stand-by optimization , 30 mW D4, R5

VOUT ≥ 12 V

FLY-BACK / FF

NON ISOLATED







(automatic restart)

C6

R4

R2

+ C1

C3 C4

R3

+ C5

D3 L1

FB

DRAIN

GND VDD COMP LIM

VIPER x6

D2

D1

+ C2

R1

Controller

T1

GND

VOUT

+

-

D4

R5

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

Feedback disconnection

(automatic restart)


08/11/07 – REV. 2


C6

R4

R2

+ C1

C3 C4

R3

+ C5

D3

L1

FB

DRAIN

GND VDD COMP LIM

VIPER x6

D2

D1

GND

+ C2

R1

AC IN VOUT

Controller

T1

D4

R5

+

-

VOUT < 12 V

FLY-BACK / FF

NON ISOLATED


Need auxiliary winding C4 + AUX





(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26



(automatic restart)


08/11/07 – REV. 2


C6

R4

R2

+ C1

C3 C4

R3

+ C5

D3

L1

FB

DRAIN

GND VDD COMP LIM

VIPER x6

D2

D1

GND

+ C2

R1

AC IN VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R5

+

-


(automatic restart)

No need the optocoupler

FLY-BACK / FF

PRIMARY REGULATION


Need auxiliary winding C4 + AUX





(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26



08/11/07 – REV. 2


34

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

+ C1

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

L1

FB

DRAIN

GND VDD COMP LIM

VIPER x6

D2

D1

GND

+ C2

R1

AC IN VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

+

-

R5

C6

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED

Minimum components count






(automatic restart)


08/11/07 – REV. 2


35

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

+ C1

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

L1

FB

DRAIN

GND VDD COMP LIM

VIPER x6

D2

D1

GND

+ C2

R1

AC IN VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

+

-

R5

C6


(automatic restart)

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED


Auxiliary winding C4 + AUX





(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

Stand-by optimization , 30 mW AUX + D4, R5


08/11/07 – REV. 2


36

30mW Stand-by

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED


Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1

Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2

Short circuit protection No need ext components

2nd Over Current protection No need ext components

Default current limit 400mA / 700mA / 1000mA

VIPer17 / 27 / 37

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

VDD

DRAIN

GND FB BR CONT

VIPER x7

D2

GND

VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

R5

C6

+ C1

L1

+ C2 AC IN

F

NTC


08/11/07 – REV. 2


37






Current limit set-up - RLIM <400mA or <700mA or <1000mA

30mW Stand-by

RLIM

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

VDD

DRAIN

GND FB BR CONT

VIPER x7

D2

GND

VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

R5

C6

+ C1

L1

+ C2 AC IN

F

NTC

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED VIPer17 / 27 / 37


08/11/07 – REV. 2


38

Over Voltage Protection (VOUT) RLIM , ROVP , DOVP







30mW Stand-by

RLIM

ROVP

DOVP

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

VDD

DRAIN

GND FB BR CONT

VIPER x7

D2

GND

VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

R5

C6

+ C1

L1

+ C2 AC IN

F

NTC

FLY-BACK / FF



08/11/07 – REV. 2


39

Brown out set-up (VINDC) R7,R8, C6







30mW Stand-by

C6

R8

R7

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

VDD

DRAIN

GND FB BR CONT

VIPER x7

D2

GND

VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

R5

C6

+ C1

L1

+ C2 AC IN

F

NTC

FLY-BACK / FF



08/11/07 – REV. 2


40








Brown out set-up (VINDC) R7,R8, C6

30mW Stand-by

RLIM

ROVP

DOVP

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

VDD

DRAIN

GND FB BR CONT

VIPER x7

D2

GND

VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

R5

C6

+ C1

L1

+ C2 AC IN

F

R7

R8

C6

NTC

FLY-BACK / FF



08/11/07 – REV. 2


41

Extra Power Timer CEPT

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED







30mW Stand-by

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

VDD

DRAIN

GND FB EPT CONT

VIPER x8

D2

GND

VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

R5

C6

+ C1

L1

+ C2 AC IN

F

CEPT

NTC

VIPer28


08/11/07 – REV. 2

Schematics with VIPer x5

42

Feed-Forward RFF


FLY-BACK / Quasi Res.

ISOLATED






Current limit set-up - RLIM ≤400mA or ≤700mA or ≤1000mA

Zero current Detection (QR) RLIM , ROVP , DOVP, RFF

30mW Stand-by

IC3

R4

R4

IC2

C7

R3

C6 R2

C3

C4

+ C5

D3

VDD

DRAIN

GND FB BR ZCD

VIPER x5

D2

GND

VOUT

Controller

T1

D4 R6

R5

C6

RLIM

DOVP

ROVP RFF

+ C1

L1

+ C2 AC IN

F

NTC

VIPer15 / 25


08/11/07 – REV. 2 43

Let’s make it simple: All Control from Primary Side

PWMCONTROLLER

CC-CVREGULATOR

Vout

GND

Vin

PWMCONTROLLER

Vin Vout

GNDALTAIR

STANDARD : VIPer OPTO-LESS : ALTAIR

No opto because control is all

done from primary side !

• Need dedicated CV-CC controller

• Need optocoupler

• Need sense resistor

Power dissipation on sense resistor

Sense

resistor

Optocoupler

• No CC-CV controller

• No optocoupler

• No sense resistor

No dissipation on sense resistor

Battery charge or LED drive requires Control of

CC (constant current) and CV (constant voltage)

08/11/07 – REV. 2 44

Product description – Altair family

ALTAIR

Altair04-900 and Altair05T-800 are suitable for

SMPS for energy metering / energy monitoring (HBA)

Auxiliary power supplies for 3-phases input industrial systems

AC-DC adapters requiring a precise current and/or voltage

regulation (including home appliances)

AC-DC chargers for mobile phones and other hand-held

equipments

PERFORMING PRIMARY CONTROL WITHOUT NEED OF

OPTOCOUPLER IN STANDARD ISOLATED QR FLYBACK

CONFIGURATION

FOR OUTPUT POWER BELOW 10W

45

When to use ALTAIR vs VIPer?

Switching AC-DC up to 5W * ( * in Wide Range AC input)

Not isolated flyback / buck Isolated

4W max & Need

for 900V MOS (Metering, 3ph

Auxiliary SMPS)

Fixed Frequency

Better Efficiency

Quasi-Resonant

Embedded Constant

Current control

(Charger, LED driver*)

VIPer16

ALTAIR04-900

VIPer17

No Optocoupler

(Cost, Reliability)

ALTAIR05-800 *HVLED805

VIPER15

Otherwise

* LED Retrofit version

08/11/07 – REV. 2 46

A small change for a big advantage

Reduced BOM

& No Optocoupler !

Optocoupler replaced

by auxiliary winding for • Current Sensing

• Voltage Sensing

• IC Supply Typical Application Schematic

08/11/07 – REV. 2 47

More explanations

Constant Current / Constant Voltage

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

140Vdc

374Vdc

VO

UT

IOUT

90 Vac

265 Vac

5%

5%

Vout is set by

number of turns on

secondary and

auxiliary windings,

and Rfb

Iout is set by

transformer’s ratio

and Rsense

The number of

LEDs and their

current determine

the transformers’

calculation.

08/11/07 – REV. 2 48

Compatibility with 3-ph mains voltage, either functional (the SMPS has to work connected to a 3ph line)

or surviving (wrong connection, P to P instead of P to N)

To provide output voltages to supply:

microcontroller (3.3V) like STM32

PLM like ST75xx family (up to e.g. 13V / 0.7Arms) or GPRS/ GSM modem (e.g. 13V / 300mA)

Metrology AFE, like STPMxx family (5mA at 3.5V / phase)

High efficiency at low load (between 10 and 20% of nom.) as the AMR lays in this condition for the

majority of the time. More than 95% of the time the communication is in Receiving mode where the

consumption is low. E. g. PLC is 150mW in receiving mode and > 7W in Tx mode.

SELLING POINTS:

• (800/) 900V MOSFET RELIABILITY + BOM REDUCTION + COMPLIANCY WITH

SYSTEM SPECS

• COMPACTNESS

• EXTREMELY LOW COST (NO NEED OF OPTO)

• Altair04 more suitable

Metering / energy monitoring:

market needs

08/11/07 – REV. 2

EVLALTAIR05T-5W and EVLALTAIR900-M1

Typical Applications:

Electricity meter Industrial control

Documentation: AN3093 - ALTAIR05T-800 5 W wide range CV-CC optoless adapter demonstration board (soon to be published)

AN3290 - Double Output SMPS for Power Line Modem Applications using ALTAIR04-900 Primary Controller (soon to be published)

Board Purpose: Product evaluation

Key Products:

Altair04-900

Altair05T-800

STTH108, STPS1L60A, STPS1150,

STTH1L06, STPS3L400F

Input voltage range (VIN) 90 - 265 VAC / 50-60Hz

Maximum (rated) output power 5W (5 V ± 5% / 1 A)

Minimum switching frequency in normal mode 70 kHz

Target average efficiency (at POUT = 5 W, VIN = 90 - 264 VAC) > 70%

Maximum input power in standby < 100 mW

EVLALTAIR05T-5W

EVLALTAIR900-M1

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Adaptation to ultra-wide range operation

The EVLALTAIR900-M1 was designed to work with input voltage up 265VAC.

It is possible to modify it according to below indications to extend the input working operating range

up to 440VAC

Std 265VAC input

Extended 440VAC input

08/11/07 – REV. 2

VIPerPlus in “eDesign Studio”

51

“eDesign studio” (www.st.com/edesignstudio) supports the design of Viper*6,

Viper*7 and Viper28 providing:

BOM

Stability diagram

Efficiency and standby

Waveform and thermal simulator

in flyback and buck topologies

for SMPS and LED drivers

A project created can be exported and

worked by another PC

(ST to customer as proposal,

customer to ST for checking)

Viper*5 family will be added to the eDesign studio by the end of 2011

http://www.st.com/edesignstudio

Part 2

power factor correction (PFC) stages

Energy efficiency and efficient energy utilization

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Power factor correction – why and when

A high Power Factor (~1) leads to an energy saving and more efficient power

utilization.

Reduce the copper area of distribution power wires.

Cost reduction in downstream converter and removal of HV input ELCAP.

EC61000-3-2 compliant

Equipments are divided up in 4 classes:

A: Balanced three-phase equipment and that not included in the other classes

B: Portable equipment

C: Lighting equipment with input active power >25W

D: Consumer equipment with input active power >75W and ≤600W.

08/11/07 – REV. 2 54

IL

IAC

ON MOSFET

OFF

"CCM" type IL

IAC

ON MOSFET

OFF

"TM" type

Continuous conduction mode = IL

never falls to zero

Fixed frequency, duty cycle

modulation

Average current mode control,

complexity, high performance,

higher cost.

Suitable for higher power levels

Operation on the boundary between

continuous and discontinuous

conduction mode, @ZVS

Variable switching frequency,

constant TON

Peak current mode control, simple,

low-cost.

Suitable for lower power levels

Power factor correction standard methods

08/11/07 – REV. 2

PFC control method: fixed-off-time (FOT)

55

TURN-OFF PWM COMPARATOR (current peak)

TURN-ON INDUCTOR DEMAGNETIZATION (Aux. winding or RC on the drain)

TURN-ON

TURN-OFF

R-C NETWORK DISCHARGING

CONSTANT TOFF

TYPICAL QR CONTROL

TRANSITION MODE (boundary between DCM and CCM)

ON

OFFSwitch

DCM DCM

CCM

PWM COMPARATOR (current peak)

Benefits:

High efficiency (>92%)

Simple and cheap control (using L656* family)

Reduced part count compared to CCM fixed frequency

08/11/07 – REV. 2 56

C

C

M

L6561 TM PFC

8pin OVP stat./dyn.

L6562 IMPROVED

TM PFC

L6561 pin-to-pin

Improved THD

Extended supply range

Powerful gate driver

L6563/S ADVANCED

TM PFC

TBO

FDBK disconnection

Brownout

Reduced consumption

PWM interface

Input volt. Feedforward

L4981A/B AVG CURRENT

MODE PFC

Input voltage Feed-forward

Load Feed-forward

Progr. Turn-On Threshold

OVP & Over-current Protection

L6562A TM PFC

L6562 enhanced

Lower CS threshold

New gate driver

Higher efficiency at

light load

L6563/H High voltage

start-up

T

M

L6564 TM PFC

L6562A enhanced

Input volt. Feedforward

PWM interface

STM PFC portfolio

08/11/07 – REV. 2 57

APPLICATIONS:

PFC PRE-REGULATORS FOR:

• ELECTRONIC BALLAST

• EC61000-3-2 COMPLIANT SMPS (FLAT-TV, DESKTOP PC,

MONITOR, GAMES)

• HI-END AC-DC ADAPTER/CHARGER

• LED POWER SUPPLIES

• Precise Internal Reference

(1% @25°C)

• 1.1V Current Sense threshold

• DIGITAL Leading-edge blanking on

Current Sense

• Disable function on FB input

• Ultra Low Start-up Current (<60µA)

• Low Quiescent Current (2.5mA typ.)

• ZCD input for TM

• Two-level OVP Protection

• THD optimizer circuit

• Extended supply voltage range

• -600 / +800mA totem pole gate driver

with pull-down and voltage clamp

• Package: DIP-8/SO-8

TRANSITION MODE PFC

CONTROLLER

VREF2

OVERVOLTAGE

DETECTION

VOLTAGE

REGULATOR

UVLO

INTERNAL

SUPPLY BUS

+

-

= 2.5V

-

+

+-

STARTER

+

-

ZERO CURRENT

DETECTOR1.4 V

0.7 V

VCC

8

1 2 3 4

ZCD

VCC

INV COMP MULT CS

GD7

5

GND6

25 V

Starter

stop

LEADING-EDGE

BLANKING

DIS

LOWER & UPPER

CLAMPS

DIS -

+0.45 V

0.2 V

DYN

OVPSTAT

OVP

MULTIPLIER AND

THD OPTIMIZER

R

SQ DRIVER

& CLAMP

ERROR

AMPLIFIER

PWM

COMPARATOR

1 V

VREF

L6562A – features and block diagram

08/11/07 – REV. 2 58

L6563

L6562A

INV

COMP

MULT

CS

VFF

TBO

PFC_OK

Vcc

GD

GND

ZCD

RUN

PWM_STOP

PWM_LATCH

INV

COMP

MULT

CS

Vcc

GD

GND

ZCD

L6564

10 pin TM PFC

L6563S

14 pin TM PFC

( L6563 enhancement)

L6563H

16 pin TM PFC

With H.V. Start-up

L656x family development

Power factor correction - controller

400VDC

Output power >200W

L4981 in CCM

L6562A / 3S / 3H / 4 in fixed-off-time

L6562A / 3S / 3H / 4 in ripple-steering

Output power <150W – 200W

L6562A / 3S / 3H / 4 in transition mode

Power factor

controller

100W 80W

400W 3KW

SPEADSHEETS AVAILABLE

Power factor correction – mosfet and diode

400VDC

MOSFET (>500V breakdown)

High power (>1kW) MDMesh5

e.g. STP42N65M5 for ~2KW

Medium power (100W to 1KW) MDMesh2

e.g. STx25NM50M for ~400W

Lower power (<100W) SuperMesh3

e.g. STx10N62K3 for ~60-70W

Power factor

controller

RECTIFIER (600V reverse voltage)

SiC (Silicon Carbide) STPSCxx06

Turbo 2 STTHxxR06

Tandem diode STTH806DTI

SiC = $$, high efficiency

STD = $, lower efficiency

The reverse recovery charge

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Available Tools – L6562A

61

DATASHEETs: AVAILABLE ON THE WEB http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/13198/l6562a.pdf http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/15310/l6562at.pdf

APPLICATION NOTES:

AN2761 : Solution for designing a 80W TM PFC using the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14690.pdf AN2782 :Solution for designing a 400W FOT PFC using the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14763.pdf AN2755 : 400W FOT-controlled PFC pre-regulator with the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14663.pdf AN2711 : 15W Off Line TRIAC Dimmable LED Driver http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14425.pdf AN2838 : 35W Wide range high PF Fly-back converter using the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/15099.pdf

DEMO BOARDS:

EVL6562A-TM-80W http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/bd/13799/evl6562a-tm-80w.pdf EVL6562A-400W http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/bd/14416.pdf EVL6562A-35WFLB http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/15099.pdf

SOFTWARE TOOLS:

DESIGNING A TM PFC USING THE L6562A (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562A%20PFC_TM_release%201.3.xls DESIGNING A FOT PFC USING THE L6562A (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562A%20FOT%20release%201.4.xls DESIGNING A FLY BACK PFC USING THE L6562A ( AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562ATL431Flyrelease20.xls

http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/13198/l6562a.pdf

http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/15310/l6562at.pdf

http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14690.pdf





http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/bd/13799/evl6562a-tm-80w.pdf





http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/bd/14416.pdf


http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562A PFC_TM_release 1.3.xls



http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562A FOT release 1.4.xls



http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562ATL431Flyrelease20.xls



08/11/07 – REV. 2

Available Tools

62

APPLICATION NOTES:

AN3009 : HOW TO DESIGN A TRANSITION MODE PFC REGULATOR USING THE L6564

http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/an/16032.pdf

AN3112: SOLUTION FOR DESIGNING A FIXED OFF TIME CONTROLLED PFC PREREGULATOR WITH THE L6564


SOFTWARE TOOLS:

DESIGNING A TM PFC USING THE L6564 (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST)

http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6564TMPFC_release20.xls

DESIGNING A FOT PFC USING THE L6564 (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST)

http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6564FOTrelease20.xls

L6564 L6563S L6563H

APPLICATION NOTES:

AN3027 : HOW TO DESIGN A TRANSITION MODE PFC REGULATOR WITH THE L6563S AND L6563H


AN3142: SOLUTION FOR DESIGNING A FIXED OFF TIME CONTROLLED PFC PREREGULATOR WITH THE L6563S AND L6563H

SOFTWARE TOOLS:

DESIGNING A TM PFC USING THE L6563S (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-

line_power_supply/software/L6563S_H_TMPFC_release30.xls

DESIGNING A FOT PFC USING THE L6563S (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/offline_power_supply/software/L6563S_H_FOTrelease

30.xls

DEMO BOARDS:

EVL6563H-100W ( AN3063 )

EVL6563H-250W ( AN3118 )

EVL90WADP-LLCSR ( AN3014 )


EVL6599A-90WADP ( AN3172 )

EVL6563H-FOT-650W ( coming soon – week 40 – Schematic available )

DEMO BOARDS:

EVL6563S-100W ( AN3065)

EVL6563S-200ZRC (AN3180) Zero Ripple Input Current

EVL6563S-250W ( AN3119)

EVL6563S-400W ( AN2994 )


EVL6563S-FOT-650W (COMING SOON – WEEK 40 – Schematic available)

DEMO BOARDS:

EVL6564-100W ( AN3022 )















http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6563S_H_TMPFC_release30.xls



http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/offline_power_supply/software/L6563S_H_FOTrelease30.xls

http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/offline_power_supply/software/L6563S_H_FOTrelease30.xls







08/11/07 – REV. 2

30 dB differential-mode attenuation achievable (150 kHz ÷ 2-3 MHz)

Differential-mode chokes & Cx caps minimized or even removed (so are related losses)

Allows usage of TM operation at higher power levels

No change as far as control is concerned

Ripple-steering

Vout

Vin

L

M

D

Cs

Vin

I in (t)

I ac (t)

GD

GD

ZERO RIPPLE CURRENT

To reduce the high input ripple current (typ. of transition-mode-operated PFC) requiring a large differential mode (DM) line

filter to meet EMI requirements..

PFC control method: ripple-steering NEW

200W ZRC Boost PFC Pre-reg

• 88 to 264 Vac input, 400 V / 0.5 A output

• TM-operated boost converter (L6563S)

• EN61000-3-2 and JEITA-MITI compliant

• EN55022 Class B Conducted EMI compliant

• Total Cx capacitance >3 times smaller

ZRC TM boost PFC pre-regulator

Order code: EVL6563S-200ZRC

Doc: AN3180 A 200W ripple-free input current PFC pre-

regulator with the L6563S

NEW

3 kW CCM PFC Pre-regulator

• 180 to 264 Vac input, 400 V / 7.5 A output

• FOT-operated boost converter (L6563)

• EN61000-3-2 compliant

• EN55022 Class B Conducted EMI compliant

• Fixed-off-time (FOT) control

100

10

1

0.1

0.01

0.001

95

96

97

98

99

100

175 195 215 235 255 275

Pout = 3 kW

Pout = 1.5 kW

Pout = 300 W

Pout = 150 W

Vin [Vrms]

h

FOT-CCM boost PFC pre-regulator

Order code: STEVAL-ISF001V1

Doc: AN2951 3 kW fixed-off-time (FOT) power factor correction

NEW

High power factor flyback

APPLICATION

Voltage/current controlled single

stage SMPS with PFC correction

LED SMPS (single-multi strings)

up to 60/70W (EU Mains)

…spreadsheet available

L656x

67

POSITIONING

700mA LED STRING DRIVER APPLICATIONS THAT REQUIRE

ISOLATION

HIGH POWER FACTOR

COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION

Insulated Single Stage conversion

PF greater than 0.9

NO electrolytic input capacitor

NO electrolytic output capacitor if its value allows the use of ceramics

It works with a string of LED generating at least 30V drop

Isolated High PF AC/DC LEDs Driver up to 35W in

input wide range

Part 3

HV PWM conversion stage

Energy efficiency

69

Fixed frequency PWM

Summary of topologies

PWM controller Resonant

PWM controller

FF or Quasi-resonant (typically not above 100W)

PWM controller

70

L6565 Q-Resonant

Controller

L6566A/B PWM & Q-Res

Controller

L5991/A Advanced PWM

Controller

L6668 Smart Primary

PWM Controller

L6591 ZVS HB

PWM Controller

700V start-up PFC interface Burst-mode Improved Stand-by

600V Level-shifter 700V start-up PFC interface Brownout

Selectable Q-Res or PWM 700V Start-up PWM with frequency mod. Supporting single stage

PFC

100W – 700W

Up to 90W

L6599A Advanced HV

Resonant Controller 600V Level-shifter Bootstrap Diode PFC interface Burst-mode Brownout

100W – 700W

90W – 400W

Up to 90W

Po

we

r

L6598 HV Resonant

Controller 600V Level-shifter Bootstrap Diode

UC384xB Standard PWM

Primary converter portfolio

D:/Local Settings/Temporary Internet Files/Content.IE5/Local Settings/Giuseppe Gattavari/My Documents/PRESENTAZIONI/cpior04/5yplan/5ybyapps.xls



71


Quasi-resonant (L6566) Resonant (L6599A)

Fixed freq. pwm (L6591) multimode pwm (L6668)

0 0

f sw

P in Pinmax

72

Fixed frequency PWM



PWM controller


PWM controller

Standard flyback

Multimode controllers (FF or QR).

High efficiency / Low standby (<200mW)

L6566A with PFC front-end

L6566B std flyback

L6566BH On-board 800V high-voltage start-up for

industrial range

Fixed frequency flyback

L6668 advanced std flyback controller (UC384x-like)

73

PWM controller

EVAL board from

40W to 75W

Applications:

Auxiliary SMPS for industrial application in PV,

servers, building automation

Power Schottky (STPSx family)

- Rated voltage: according to

input/output voltages ratio, generally

dozens of V

- Current according to the power

- Low recovery / leakage current

- Avalanche capability specification

Power Mosfet

Breakdown > 800V (for Eu range)

SuperMesh3 (e.g STx7N95K3)

L6668 multi-mode PWM controller

74

0 0

f sw

P in Pinmax

Fixed-frequency Mode @ Heavy Load

Identical to UC384x-based operation

75% Max. duty cycle

Frequency foldback Mode @ Light Load

Frequency is progressively reduced

with the load

Programmable reduction rate for

optimum efficiency vs. input power

Burst-Mode @ No-load

Most of switching cycles are skipped

Constant switch peak current

Programmable threshold

for noise-free operation

Pin<0.2W@Pout=0 in an

80W-rated system achievable

GD

V(SKIPAD

J)

t

t

t

COMP

50

mV

hyster

.

3.0

V

Fix.

Freq.

Mode Frequency Foldback

Mode

Burst

Mode

fos

c

Fix.

Freq.

Mode

SMPS Compliant with Blue

Angel, Energy Star,

EU Code of Conduct, …..

L6668 multi-mode PWM controller

75

ON-BOARD HIGH-VOLTAGE START-UP

IMPROVED STANDBY FUNCTION

LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT (< 2 mA)

SLOPE COMPENSATION PIN

PULSE-BY-PULSE & HICCUP-MODE OCP

INTERFACE WITH PFC CONTROLLER

DISABLE FUNCTION (ON/OFF CONTROL)

LATCHED DISABLE FOR OVP/OTP FUNCTION

PROGRAMMABLE SOFT-START

2% PRECISION REFERENCE VOLTAGE AVAILABLE

800 mA TOTEM POLE GATE DRIVER WITH

INTERNAL CLAMP AND UVLO PULL-DOWN

SO16N PACKAGE

VREF SKIPADJ

HV

HVS

GND

OUT

Vcc

N.C.

DIS

RCT

S-COMP

PFC_STOP

STBY

ISEN

SS

COMP

MAIN APPLICATIONS:

HI-END AC-DC ADAPTERS &

CHARGERS

LCD/CRT MONITORS and

LCD/CRT TV

DIGITAL CONSUMER

40W/51Wpk HDD SET-TOP BOX SMPS

76

SALIENT FEATURES: UNIVERSAL INPUT MAINS RANGE (90264Vac)

EFFICIENCY BETTER THAN 78% AT FULL LOAD

ST-BY POWER <0,75W@230Vac & 5V-50mA load

MEETS EN55022 CLASS B (EMI)

MEETS EN60950 (SAFETY)

PCB SINGLE LAYER 75x150 mm

STM KEY COMPONENTS:

L6668 + STP4NK60ZFP

TL2431

RECT. DIODES STPS10L60CT

STPS8H100FP

1N5821

STTH1L06U

STPS1L60A

OUTPUT

VOLTAGES +1.8: @1.7A

+3V3: @0.5A

+5V: @2.4A

+12V: @1.9A/2.9Apk

Measured at maximum load and 230Vac. Limits according to EN55022 Class-B.

77

L6668 board 40W

With Vin = 88VAC to 265VAC

AN2242 Reference design: high performance, L6668-based flyback converter for Set-Top boxes

78

Fixed frequency PWM



PWM controller


PWM controller

L6566 quasi-resonant control

79

Typical System Block Schematics

OPERATION

n QR for Pout 60 - 70W

n FF for Pout > 70W

V outdc

L6563

L6566 is turned off in case of PFC's

anomalous operation, for safety

L6563 can be turned off at light

load to ease compliance with

energy saving requirements.

L6566

PFC PRE - REGULATOR (BOOST) DC - DC CONVERTER (FLYBACK)

EMI

Filter Vinac

Option:

OPERATION

n QR for Pout 60 - 70W

n FF for Pout > 70W

V outdc

L6562

L6563

L6564

anomalous operation, for safety

L656x can be turned off at light

load to ease compliance with

energy saving requirements.

L6566

- DC - DC CONVERTER (FLYBACK)

EMI

Filter Vinac Vinac

Optional Synchronous

Rectification

L6566 quasi-resonant control

80

SELECTABLE QUASI-RESONANT (QR) or FIXED FREQUENCY (FF) OPERATION

LOAD-DEPENDENT CURRENT-MODE CONTROL: QUASI-RESONANT, VALLEY SKIPPING OR

BURST-MODE

ON-BOARD HIGH-VOLTAGE START-UP GENERATOR

LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT (< 3 mA)

ADAPTIVE UVLO

LINE FEEDFORWARD FOR CONSTANT POWER CAPABILITY

PULSE-BY-PULSE OCP WITH DELAYED SHUTDOWN

TRANSFORMER SATURATION DETECTION

LATCHED OR AUTORESTART OVP

BROWNOUT PROTECTION WITH HYSTERESIS

PROGRAMMABLE SOFT-START

2% PRECISION REFERENCE VOLTAGE EXTERNALLY AVAILABLE

-600/+800 mA TOTEM POLE GATE DRIVER

SWITCHED SUPPLY RAIL FOR PFC CONTROLLER (L6566A)

PROGRAMMABLE FREQUENCY MODULATION FOR EMI REDUCTION (L6566B)

SO16N PACKAGE

Blue Angel, Energy Star, EU

Code of Conduct Compliant

81

L6566B board 40W

With Vin = 88VAC to 265VAC

AN2749 “40 W wide input range flyback converter demonstration board for digital consumer

equipment using the L6566B”

Less than 250mW at no load

Without post-regulation

82

L6566B board 60W

AN3089 – ”19 V - 65W quasi-resonant flyback adapter using L6566B and

STF7NM80

83

Fixed frequency PWM



PWM controller


PWM controller

84

Applications:

Power starting from about 60W up to 500W

high efficiency SMPS for industrial application

LED Streetlight SMPS

Telecom SMPS

Audio application

LCD and PDP TV

Desktop PC, entry-level server

V i n

V o u t

L6599A L6562A

L6563/x

Compared to L6591, better for: - higher output voltage & lower

output current - EMI-friendly application - Where variable freq is not an

issue

ZVS resonant Converter

L6599A: HB ZVS resonant Primary Controller

soft-switching half-bridge converter.

Zero-voltage switching eliminates turn-

on switching losses (smaller mosfet

and/or smaller heatsink) and

minimizes EMI emissions (and filter

cost)

PWM control, variable frequency.

Both switches are driven ON for 50%

duty cycle

SUPPORT TOOLS

Excel spreadsheet

available for the

design

Ref designs from

90W to 400W

available (with

relevant application

notes)

Resonant SMPS: LLC circuit

85

CONTROL:

Variable frequency control, fixed 50% duty cycle for both MOSFETs

Dead-time between LG and HG to allow MOSFET‟s ZVS @ turn-on

HALF BRIDGE:

ZVS operation: no switching losses @turn-on

fsw fr, sinusoidal waveforms: low turn-off losses, low EMI

SECONDARY SIDE:

Equal voltage & current stress for both rectifiers

No output choke required: cost saving

ZCS: no recovery losses, less EMI

VRRM = 1.25x2Vout if secondary is CT, then

TRANSFORMER

Integrated magnetics: both L‟s can be realized with the transformer

HIGH EFFICIENCY: >96% achievable

130W high efficiency SMPS

86

Power factor correction on Wide mains (88Vac to

264Vac)

Output voltage: 48V @ 2.7 A

Efficiency: >90% @ 115Vac – Full load

Long life, high MTBF (No EL-CAPS)

Mains harmonics: according to EN61000-3-2,

JEITA-MITI

EMI: meets EN50022 Class B

NO HEATSINK

Application note 3105

…the power parts for resonant stage

87

PWM mosfet

- BRVDss > 500V

- MDMesh2 / 5 for high efficiency

(only conduction losses Rds(ON))

Power Schottky (STPSx family)

- Rated voltage: according to

input/output voltages ratio,

generally dozens of V

- Current according to the power

- Low recovery

- Low leakage current

- Avalanche capability

specification

Power QFN package:

more power density

MDmeshV – Updated Product Portfolio

VDS RDS(on)

(max) P/N Package Status Application

[V] [Ω]

650

0.022 STY112N65M5 MAX247 Production PV-Inverter

Server UPS

0.038 STW77N65M5 TO-247 Production PV-Inverter Server

UPS

0.057 STW60N65M5 TO-247 Production

PV-Inverter

Server,

SMPS,Telecom

0.079 STx42N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/D2PAK/I2PAK/

TO-247/PowerFLAT 8x8 HV Production

PV-Inverter Server

SMPS, Telecom

0.098 STx35N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/TO-247

D2PAK/I2PAK

Production

Server SMPS

Telecom PS

0.119 STx32N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/D2PAK/

I2PAK/TO-247 Production SMPS Server


TO-247 Production SMPS Server


TO-247 Production

SMPS

HID

0.299 STx16N65M5

TO-220/TO-220FP/I2PAK

/DPAK/IPAK

Production HID

SMPS

0.430 STx12N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/I2PAK

DPAK/IPAK Production

FLBallast

HID

SMPS

0.600 STx8N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/I2PAK

DPAK/IPAK Production

HID

Adapters, SMPS

This innovative HV, 1 mm high, surface-mount package is now

featured with ST’s 550/650 V MDmesh™ V and the coming 850 V

SuperMESH 5 technologies

PowerFLAT 8x8 HV

Benefits

Compactness

Higher power density

Reliability at high VDSS rating

High thermal performance

Increased efficiency

Features Maximum thickness: 1 mm

Unequalled low RDS(on) x area

Creepage distance: 2.7 mm

Lead finishing: pure tin plating (Sn

100%)

The same maximum

silicon die size of TO-220

within a leadless

8x8 mm outline

Applications

Laptop power adapters

LCDs

Lighting ballasts

Telecom power equipment

Solar micro-inverters

P/N VDS [V]

R

DS(on)

(max) [Ω] Application Status

STL32N55M5 550 0.100 SMPS

Samples by Q2 2011

Full Production

By Q3 2011

STL18N55M5 550 0.240 SMPS, Adapters

Samples available

Production

By Q2 2011

STL23NM60ND (^^) 600 0.180 SMPS

Samples available

Production

By Q3 2011

STL26NM60N (^^^) 600 0.185 SMPS Full Production

STL24NM60N (^^^) 600 0.215 SMPS Full Production

STL18NM60N (^^^) 600 0.309 SMPS

Samples available

Full Production

By Q3 2011

STL13NM60N (^^^) 600 0.385 SMPS

Samples available

Full Production

By Q2 2011

STL42N65M5 650 0.079 SMPS

Samples available

Full Production

By Q2 2011

STL21N65M5 650 0.179 SMPS/ Lighting Full Production

STL16N65M5 650 0.279 SMPS/ Lighting

Samples available

Full Production

By Q2 2011

STL12N65M5 650 0.430 SMPS/ Lighting

SSamples available

Full Production

By Q2 2011

(^^) FDmesh II technology

(^^^) MDmesh II technology

PowerFLAT 8x8 HV

SuperMESH3 - new products status

BVDss [V] RDS(on)

(max) [Ω] Sales Type Status

450 3.8 STQ/N/U3N45K3 Prod. TO-92, SOT-223. IPAK

525

2.6 STx4N52K3 Prod. in TO-220FP., DPAK/IPAK

1.5 STx5N52K3 Samples in PowerFLAT 5x6 ; Prod. in DPAK/IPAK/TO-220/FP, D2PAK

1.2 STx6N52K3 Full Prod. in DPAK,D2PAK,TO220-FP

0.51 STx11N52K3 Samples in TO220-FP, D2PAK

0.98 STx7N52K3 Full Prod. DPAK/D2PAK,TO220/TO-220FP

1.15 STx7N52DK3 Samples in DPAK/TO220/TO-220FP

620

3.5 STx2N62K3 Prod. in DPAK IPAK, TO-220/FP, Samples TO-92

3 STx3LN62K3 Prod. in DPAK IPAK, TO-220/FP

2.5 STx3N62K3 Full Prod. D/ IPAK,TO-92,TO-220/FP,D2/I2PAK

2.0 STx4N62K3 Prod. in DPAK, IPAK,D2PAK, I2PAK,TO-220/FP, Samples in PowerFLAT 5x6

1.6 STx5N62DK3 Samples in DPAK/TO220/TO-220FP

1.6 STx5N62K3 Prod. in DPAK/IPAK/TO-220/TO-220FP,D2PAK

1.28 STx6N62K3 Full Prod.

0.75 STx10N62K3 Full Prod.

0.38 STX17N62K3 Samples in TO-220/TO-247

650 1 STx10N65K3 Full Prod.

*FA

ST

Dio

de

Su

pe

rFR

ED

me

sh

3

SuperMESH3 - new products status

VDS

[V] RDS(on) (max)

[Ω] P/N Status Package

950

0.36 STW25N95K3 Production TO-247

0.85 STX13N95K3 Production TO-220/TO-220FP/TO-247

1.35 STx7N95K3 Production TO-220/TO-220FP/TO-247

3.5 STP5N95K3 Production DPAK/IPAK/TO-220/TO-220FP

6.3 STS3N95K3 Samples by

Q3 2011 SO-8

1200V 2.4 STx6N120K3 Samples TO-220/TO-3PF/TO-247

08/11/07 – REV. 2 93

SR: how it is made?

Where SR is used: rectification stage on the secondary side of SMPS.

Typically the rectification is done with power Schottkies, which however have a big limitation: the VF is quite high (0.3V and higher)

high conduction losses, impact on efficiency!

SR shows the

highest efficiency!

From diode-based to mosfet-based

secondary rectification stage

L6599A + SRK2000 + MOSFET:

increasing the efficiency

94

2 x Vout breakdown

MOSFET

STripFETTM VI DeepGATETM Updated Product Portfolio (60/75/80V)

H2PAK

2-leads TO-220

Part Number BVDSS RDS(ON) max Package Status Released in

STP260N6F6 60V 3.0m TO-220 MP 1Q11

STH260N6F6-2 60V 2.0m H2PAK (*) MP 1Q11

STP210N75F6 75V 3.7m TO-220 MP 1Q11

STH210N6F6-2 75V 2.8m H2PAK (*) MP 1Q11

STL75N8LF6 80V 7.4m PowerFLAT5x6 MP 2Q11

(*) 2 Source -leads version

PowerFLAT 5x6

PowerFLAT 5x6

Low thickness/weight

Low Rthj-c thermal resistance

Thermal performance similar to D2PAK

Low parassitic inductance

Low parasitic package resistance

Multiple sources

Small form-factor

High power capability

Less parasitic losses

High switching frequency operation

High current handling

Top side heat dissipation

Key Features Benefits

D G

S

S

S

97

Applications:

high efficiency SMPS for industrial application

starting from 90W

Telecom SMPS

High Power AC-DC Adapters/Chargers

ATX Desktop PCs (80+, 85+ initiative)

Printers

V i n

V o u t

L6591 L6562A

L6563/x

PFC Pre-regulator– Boost

ZVS AHB Converter

L6591: HB ZVS PWM Primary Controller

soft-switching half-bridge converter.

Zero-voltage switching eliminates turn-

on switching losses (smaller mosfet

and/or smaller heatsink) and

minimizes EMI emissions (and filter

cost)

Asymmetric half-bridge

PWM control, fixed frequency.

The high-side switch is driven ON for a

duty cycle D and the low-side switch for

a duty cycle 1-D, with D < 50 %.

Compared to L6599, better for: - Lower output voltage &

higher output current - Where variable freq is an

issue

98

Voltage control loop implementation

99

Current control loop implementation

100

CC / CV controllers

Integrated solution for SMPS application requiring a precise Constant Current

(CC) and Constant Voltage (CV / or voltage control) regulation.

Integrated

precision

voltage reference

Op-Amp for

current control

Op-Amp for

voltage control

+ SEA05 Integrated Vcc = 3.5V to 36V

Icc=200uA

Vref = 2.5V 0.5% precision including voltage input offset of op-amp

Vsense=50mV, 2% precision including voltage input offset of op-amp

TSx431 programmable shunt voltage reference (only voltage control), high

precision and low consumption within the industrial temperature range.

08/11/07 – REV. 2

CC / CV controller

101

TSM1052

Vctrl

GND

Vsense Ictrl

OUT

Vcc

1.210 V

200 mV

+

-

+

-

+

1

2

3

5 4

6

Vcc = 1.7V to 18V

Icc=150uA

Vref = 1.21V 1% precision including

voltage input offset of op-amp

Vsense=200mV, 2% precision including

voltage input offset of op-amp

SOT23-6L

SEA05

Vcc = 3.5V to 36V

Icc=200uA

Vref = 2.5V 0.5% precision including voltage

input offset of op-amp

Vsense=50mV, 2% precision including voltage

input offset of op-amp

Part 4

DC-DC conversion stage

08/11/07 – REV. 2

eDesign studio

1. Go to st.com support tools & resources (see below arrows) SW tools simulators

& CAE resources simulators

2. Click on SMPS eDesign Studio on the next page

3. Login on my.st.com (register yourself if not yet done)

The external version works

only on-line.

UPgrades are guaranteed.

It is also possible a direct

access by typing

www.st.com/edesignstudio

1

2

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Application specs and start the design

1. Insert application specs

2. Select the

device amongst

the proposed

ones (filtered

according to

input/output

values)

3. Start design

08/11/07 – REV. 2

DC-DC section

Defined specs

Components that can be fine-

tuned (in blue)

Operating point

(settable)

Waveform

simulator

efficiency Bode‟s plot Losses split

Standard functions

08/11/07 – REV. 2

DC-DC overview STEP-DOWN monolithic (= current limited, small area)

Example: up to 36VDC – L597x family (suitable also for inverting / positive buck-boost)

Same approach with:

L497x family: Vin up to 63VDC

ST1Sxx family: Vin up to 48VDC

L6902 family: Vin up to 36VDC



STEP-UP

ST8R00: Vout till 12VDC

L6920: Vout up to 5.2VDC

STEP-DOWN controller (=flexible solution for higher current)

L6727 DC-DC controller

LL mosfet (upgrade for higher current)

free-wheeling diode (upgrade for higher current)

(example)

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Different families positioning

107

L497* and L597* families

Fsw up to 500KHz

VOUT down to 0.5V

IOUT up to 2A output

SO8 / HSO8 / DIP

L598* and L798* families

Fsw up to 1MHz

suitable for MLCC

VOUT down to 0.6V

IOUT up to 3A output (synch mosfet)

QFN / HSOP8

ST1S* family

Fsw up to 1.5MHz

VOUT down to 0.8V

IOUT up to 2A output (synch mosfet)

Internal compensation network

DFN / HSOP8

08/11/07 – REV. 2

QFN 3x3 8L - Rth j-amb 60°C/W

Device Package Ipk [A] Iout [A] Vin [V] Vout [V] Fsw [kHz] Extra Functions

L5980 QFN3x3-8L 1 0.7 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync

L5981 QFN3x3-8L 1.5 1 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync

L5983 QFN3x3-8L 2 1.5 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync

L5985 QFN3x3-8L 2.5 2 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync

L5986/A QFN3x3-8L / HSOP8 3 2.5 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync

L5987/A QFN3x3-8L / HSOP8 3.5 3 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync

HSO8 - Rth j-amb 40° C/W

P-channel power MOS: no bootstrap capacitor

Wide input voltage range (2.9V up to 18V)

High switching frequency (250KHz, adjustable up to 1MHz) with Synchronization capability (180° out of phase)

Internal Soft-start

Inhibit pin

Embedded protection features

Suitable for MLCC output filter

Typ RDSon=140mΩ

L5980

QFN8 3x3

0.7A / up to 1MHz

L5981

L5983

L5985

1A / up to 1MHz

1.5A / up to 1MHz

2A / up to 1MHz

L5986/A

L5987/A QFN8 3x3 3A / up to 1MHz

2.5A / up to 1MHz

* Low cost versions with cheaper testing procedure

L598* family

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Synchronous rectification with P-channel power MOS: no bootstrap capacitor

Wide input voltage range (2.9V up to 18V) High switching frequency (400KHz, adjustable up

to 1MHz) Adjustable Soft-start and Inhibit function Embedded over current (adjustable threshold),

over voltage and thermal protection PGood signal (L5989D) Synchronization

capability(180° out of phase) (L5988D)

Pre-bias start-up capability Multifunction pin (adjustable UVLO, latched/no

latched OVP and sink-mode capability) 1.8v ± 2% reference voltage


L5988D HTSSOP16

up to 4A /

up to 1MHz

L5989D

L5988 / 89 key features

08/11/07 – REV. 2

More than 3A in both small QFN3x3-8L and HSOP8 packages with minimum external component count

P-channel power MOS: no bootstrap capacitor

Wide input voltage range (4.5V up to 28V)

High switching frequency (250KHz, adjustable up to 1MHz) with Synchronization capability (180° out

of phase)

Internal Soft-start

Enable pin

Embedded protection features


Typ RDSon=180mΩ

L7981

L7980 2A / up to 1MHz

3A / up to 1MHz QFN8 3x3 HSOP8

L7980 and L7981 key features

08/11/07 – REV. 2

INPUT VOLTAGE > 38V

08/11/07 – REV. 2

ST1S14 – What is it?

The ST1S14 is a 3A step down switching voltage

regulator with input up to 48V.

This high input voltage range and the high output current capability are making it best suitable for industrial environment applications like

Factory Automation systems using 24V bus

DC/DC Modules

High current LED driving

128

08/11/07 – REV. 2

PWM fixed frequency 0.75MHz.

Output Current Capability: 3A max over all operating conditions

Output Voltage: Adjustable from 1.22V to 90% of max Vin

Input Voltage: from 5.5V to 48V

Power Good

Soft-Start circuit to reduce inrush current

Efficiency: up to 95%

Fast Transient Response

Both Enable and inhibit pins available

HSOP8 Package

ST1S14 3A / 0.75MHz

ST1S14 key features

08/11/07 – REV. 2

L7985/L7986 – what are they?

L7985 and L7986 are step down DC/DC switching regulators extending the L798x family with wider input voltage range up to 38V making it suitable for many industrial applications

Input Voltage range 4.5V – 38V

Output Voltage 0.6V – Vin

Output current 2A (L7985) and 3A (L7986)

Switching Frequency fixed or adjustable Fixed 250kHz or

Adjustable by external resistor setting up to 1 MHz

Higher frequency needs smaller external components like inductors and capacitors

Extra Functions Enable

Internal Soft Start (reducing inrush current)

Synchronisation capability with 180° phase shift

Overcurrent and Thermal protection

Package VFQFPN10 3x3 (DFN 3x3)

HSOP8

130

Typical Application Circuit

L7985/6

08/11/07 – REV. 2

L7985/L7986 – where can they be used?

Suitable for 5V, 12V, 24V buses

Space sensitive applications

DFN3x3, minimum external component count, small external

component size with 1 MHz fsw, for compact solution

Wide typical application range

Industrial

Factory Automation, FPGAs, Chargers, Lighting

Consumer

Set Top Box, DVD, LCD TV

Telecom

xDSL, modems, DCDC modules

131

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Comparison table Vin up to 18V Device

L598x L5988-9D ST1S03/A ST1S10 ST1S31/2 ST1S21/2 ST1S40

Feature

Input Voltage (V) 2.9 to 18 2.9 to 18 3 to 6/16 2.5 to 18 2.7 to 6 4 to 18 2.5 to 18

Output Voltage (V) 0.6 to Vin 0.6 to Vin 0.8 to 12 0.8 to 15 0.8 to Vin 1.25 to 90%Vin

0.8 to Vin

Iout (A) Up to 3 4 1.5 3 Up to 4 Up to 3 Up to 4

Package DFN3x3-8L HTSSOP16 DFN3x3 6L DFN4x4-8L/

HSOP-8L

DFN4x48L

DFN3x38L

HSOP-8L

DFN3x3-8L/

HSOP-8L

DFN4x4-8L/

HSOP-8L

Synch rect. -- Yes -- Yes Yes -- Yes

Rdson (typ. mΩ) 140 75 (HS)-

65 (LS) 260

100 (HS)

120 (LS)

50 (HS)

50 (LS) 150

70 (HS)

90 (LS)

Fsw (kHz)

250

Adj up to 1000

400

Adj 200 to 1000

1500 900 1500 1000 800

Soft Start Internal digital

Adj Internal digital

Internal digital

Internal digital

Internal digital

Internal digital

Synch with phase shift 180°

with phase shift 180°

-- Yes -- -- --

MLCC as Cout Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Enable/INH Yes Yes -- Yes Yes Yes Yes

Vref -- Yes -- -- -- -- --

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Comparison table Vin > 18V

Device L597x L497x L7980/1 L7985/6 ST1S14 ST1S20

Feature

Input Voltage (V) 4.4 to 36 8 to 55 4.5 to 28 4.5 to 38 5.5 to 48 5 to 30

Output Voltage (V) 0.5 to Vin 0.5 to Vin 0.6 to Vin 0.6 to Vin 1.22 to 90%Vin

0.8 to 85%Vin

Iout (A) Up to 2 Up to 3.5 Up to 3 Up to 3 3 6

Package SO-8/HSOP8 DIP8/SO16

DIP16/SO20

DFN3x3-8L/

HSOP-8L

DFN3x3-10L/

HSOP-8L HSOP8

HPAK-7L/

DFN5x4-16L

Synch rect. -- -- -- -- -- --

Rdson (typ. mΩ) 250 150 180 150 200 100

Fsw (kHz) 250 Up to 300

250

Adj up to 1000

250

Adj up to 1000

750 700

Soft Start -- Adj Internal digital

Internal digital

Internal digital

Internal digital

Synch Yes Yes with phase shift 180°

with phase shift 180°

-- Yes (DFN)

MLCC as Cout -- -- Yes Yes Yes Yes

Enable/INH Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes (DFN)

Vref Yes Yes -- -- -- --

Part 5

Photovoltaic applications

Energy efficiency

SPV1001

The innovative Cool Bypass Switch (CBS)

for Photovoltaic Inverters

08/11/07 – REV. 2 136

Bypass Diode: What is it?

In a photovoltaic (PV) system, the panel which receives the lower sunlight determines the current value which flows through the whole string of panels (series-connected).

If a panel is shadowed (due to clouds, leaves etc), it will reduce the power generated by the whole system it acts like a resistor in an electric circuit!!

The no-shadowed panels will force through the shadowed one a current which can cause damage through overheating (hot-spot phenomenon)

The hot spot issue is generally prevented through the use of bypass diodes, which simply bypass the shadowed panel strings.

08/11/07 – REV. 2 137

The Cool Bypass Switch of ST

The use of by-pass diode increase the efficiency and lifetime of PV module but introduces further dissipations which should kept as low as possible

The SPV1001 is an innovative device based on a MOS-structure, having the same functionality of a Schottky diode but with much better performances

Compared to conventional Schottkies, the SPV1001 has a much lower

voltage drop in conduction state and much

lower leakage current in reverse state

overall power dissipation is significantly reduced!

Innovative Cool Bypass Switch

CATHODE

ANODE

CATHODE

ANODE

Standard Schottky diode

lower dissipation means cooler

temperature, resulting in longer life time

08/11/07 – REV. 2 138

0

1

2

3

4

5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Po

we

r D

issi

pat

ion

[W

]

Biasing Current [A]

SPV1001

Schottky #2 (Lower Vf, Higher Ir)

Schottky #1 (Higher Vf , Lower Ir)

CBS vs conventional Schottkies

8A

A= SCHOTTKY #2

B = SCHOTTKY #1

C = SPV1001

Compared vs two Schottkies with different Forward Voltage & Leakage Current Tradeoffs at 8A (typical working current in 6 inch solar cell):

• Power Dissipation in CBS is one third (1W vs 3W)

• CBS works ‚cold‘ (- 40°C less than best Schottky)

Thermal Map at Silicon Level

08/11/07 – REV. 2 139

Conclusions SPV1001

Key Features

• CBS has very low VF & IR

• IF=15A, two voltage ratings: VR=30V & 40V

• 175°C max junction temperature

• TO220, D2PAK & MLD packages

Key Benefits

• CBS has less power dissipation vs conventional schottky diodes

• Lower power dissipation means cooler temperature

longer life time

higher reliability

SPV1020

Solar charger with MPPT

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Innovative distributed PV architectures

High voltage DC bus

AC line

String 1 String n

Low voltage power optimizers

wired serially in strings

Low voltage architecture

Low

output voltage

Low

output voltage

Low

output voltage Low

output voltage

Low

output voltage

Low

output voltage

Central

inverter

(DC/AC)

Central

inverter

(DC/AC)

AC line

High

output

voltage

High

output

voltage

High

output

voltage

High

output

voltage

Panel1 Panel 2 Panel 3 Panel n

High voltage architecture

High voltage DC bus

High voltage power optimizers

wired in parallel

08/11/07 – REV. 2

MPPT: What it is & how does it work?

142

MPPT stands for „Maximum Power Point Tracking“. It is a method to determine

the optimum working point of a solar cell string or the complete panel in order to

get the maximum power out of it. This optimized working point can change

and depends from different external factors like shading, dust, leaves, defect cells

etc.

e.g. during the shading of some parts of a panel (one or several strings with solar

cells in series) the shaded cells will not supply enough power and the overall DC

output of the complete system will be reduced. This has a not negligible impact on

the the output power (P = U x I).

An efficient MPPT algorithm is called „Perturb & Observe“ method and is used in

the SPV1020/40.

Perturb & Observe method? typ. PV-cell

characteristic

08/11/07 – REV. 2

MPPT: “Perturb & Observe” Method

143

Perturbation and Observation:

MPPT algorithm is changing the Duty Cycle (DC)

to detect the maximum power point:

STEP 1: DC is increasing from A to B....

STEP 2: While further increasing DC, the power in

state C is still higher...

STEP 3: Increasing DC toward D, at this point

lower power is detected...

STEP 4: MPPT logic is decreasing DC passing C,

and detect lower power at B.

STEP 5: DC is increasing again...

08/11/07 – REV. 2

PV array

Meter Inverter

Load

Junction box

Inverter basic architecture

BOOST +

MPPT

DC/AC

converter

SPV1020: Low Voltage Monolithic Power Optimizer

Standard PV Panel ST distributed architecture

+

-

BOOST +

MPPT

BOOST +

MPPT

BOOST +

MPPT

+ -

MPPT A/D

converter

A/D converter

A/D converter

08/11/07 – REV. 2 145

SPV1020: Benefits of the interleaved topology

I1 I2 I4 I3

IIN

IOUT Benefits

Lower voltage and current ripple

Lower EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interferences)

Smaller capacitors and inductors

No electrolytic capacitors longer life time

Lower parasitic resistors higher efficiency

the advanced structure of the converter compensate the ripple on input and output

currents

08/11/07 – REV. 2 146

SPV1020: Conversion efficiency and MPPT accuracy

90.00%

91.00%

92.00%

93.00%

94.00%

95.00%

96.00%

97.00%

98.00%

99.00%

16.00 20.00 24.00 28.00 32.00 36.00 40.00

P = 112W

P = 84W

P = 54W

P = 28 W

η

VOUT

VMPP = 14V

90.00%

91.00%

92.00%

93.00%

94.00%

95.00%

96.00%

97.00%

98.00%

99.00%

26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00 40.00

P = 192W

P = 144W

P = 96W

P = 48W

η

VOUT

VMPP = 24V

99.00%

99.10%

99.20%

99.30%

99.40%

99.50%

99.60%

99.70%

99.80%

99.90%

100.00%

16 20 24 28 32 36 40

P = 112W

P = 84W

P = 56W

P = 28W

η

VOUT (V)

VMPP = 14V

99.00%

99.10%

99.20%

99.30%

99.40%

99.50%

99.60%

99.70%

99.80%

99.90%

100.00%

26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

P = 192W

P = 144W

P = 96W

P = 48W

VOUT (V)

η VMPP = 24V

08/11/07 – REV. 2 147

SPV1020: 240W DC-DC Converter with MPPT

240 W DC-DC Boost Converter with MPPT

40V output voltage operating range

Built-in MPPT and Soft-Start

Output over voltage and over temperature

control

Efficiency up to 98% possible

SPI interface for remote telemetry and control

Key features

STEVAL-ISV009V1

SPV1020 (DC-DC step-up converter with

MPPT embedded)

SPV1001N30 (Cool Bypass Switch)

AN3392 end Q4/´11

MPP setting point VOUT control

VOUT SPV1020

08/11/07 – REV. 2

SPV1020: Benefits summary

Key features

Operating current up to 9A / voltage up to 40V

Built in MPPT and soft-start

Up to 98% efficiency

Burst mode at low irradiation for high efficiency

Current limitation, overvoltage protection and thermal shutdown

Key benefits

Panel level MPPT maximizes energy harvesting

Serial interface remote control and monitoring

Monolithic device squeezed application and cost-effective solution

Fewer devices on the board lower failure rate / higher reliability

Bypass and cutoff diodes can be removed; the main inverter can be simplified

Package: PSSO36

SPV1040

Solar charger

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Key features

What is the new SPV1040?

150

The SPV1040 is a high efficient monolithic step-up DC-DC converter

powered by just a few solar cells for battery charging of low power

applications.

At the same time ithe device provides highest safety for the battery

and the system thru implemented over-current and -temperature

protection.

This device is designed for energy harvesting (from the sunlight) and

is using an internal MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking)

algorithm in order to reach highest efficiency up to 95%.

But what means MPPT?

ZDC

SPV1040

Rout

Cin

Iin

Vin Vout

PV

Panel

Vin

Cout

Iout

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Key features

High-efficiency monolithic step-up DC-DC converter

Proprietary “Perturb and Observe” embedded MPPT

algorithm

Very low input voltage (down to 0.3 V)

Very low RDS(on) integrated N-MOSFET and P-MOSFET

Over-current and over-temperature protection

Input reverse polarity protection

Main benefits

Energy harvesting

Up to 95% efficiency

Optimized battery charging profile

Suitable for low-power applications

powered by only a few solar cells

Battery and system safety guaranteed

SPV1040: Solar Battery Charger

151

08/11/07 – REV. 2

eDesign Studio Software Support Tool

eDesign Studio enhances development by implementing guidelines for

components selection to achieve the best system trade-off and to simulate

application performance.

152

08/11/07 – REV. 2

What is the typical application?

Home lighting

PV Charger

Portable consumer devices and toys

Solar lanterns

Digital still cameras

Portable healthcare, sensors

Watches

Thermometers

Wireless headsets

Car remote controls and locks

Small appliances (e.g. shaver charger)

Key applications

System evaluation board (STEVAL-ISV006V2 )

Low-power solar-battery charger

153

08/11/07 – REV. 2

PV Charger for small power

applications

Key applications

Key products

SPV1040: high-efficiency solar battery

charger with embedded MPPT

L6924D: charge controller for Li-ion

batteries Demo board (STEVAL-ISV012V1)

Solar cell

SPV1040

MPPT

+

Step-up

converter

L6924

Li-ion

battery

charger

Solar-Li-ion battery charger

Lithium-ion solar battery charger

154

http://www.st.com/internet/analog/product/251161.jsp

http://www.st.com/internet/analog/product/103931.jsp

08/11/07 – REV. 2

SPV1040:

Technical Documentation and Promo Package

Available

NOW

155

IMM Competence Center

The support

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Technical Support…

IMM Competence Center Europe

– Focus on Applications

Factory Automation

Connectivity & Sensor

Building Automation

Lighting

Power Management

Home Appliance

Smart Metering

Healthcare

08/11/07 – REV. 2

I&MM CC – Technical Support

Training end customer on ST„s system solution offering + tools

Support ST and Distributor FAE for design-in (support) + technical support of end customer Special Technical Training of (D-) FAE, (D-) FSE

D-FAE Certification

Win share of mind (commercially and technically)

Align COOP investments with technical strategy

Provide and develop (in case not existing) low-cost Evaluation + Reference Design Boards + Marketing Packages for product and tool promotion

Hot-Line (via e-mail), Project Support– qualified/selected customer, FAE, FSE, D-FAE

for Microcontroller and Applications

Technical questions on systems and products from Customers, (D-)FAE, FSE;

BIZ > 100k€ total

Design-Consulting – full CTM project support Customer specific System proposals, uC code conversion,

upon request of (D-)FAE, FSE; BIZ > 100k€ p.a.

Selective direct end customer support (hotline + travel)

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Service Card & Help Desk

Step by Step description of the Support Access registration and

usage explanation.

To get access please contact your ST responsible person.

WWW.ST.COM\helpdesk Visible and accessible

only for privileged users

(CTM‟s, FAE‟s, FSE‟s)

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Team of trainers with >250 training days experience

Regularly opened sessions in ST offices

Complete Training Catalogue on ST web site http://www.st.com/learnMCU

A network of Training Partners in EU

For registration please use your ST contact person

Session on demand available (min. 8 attendees)

Technical Trainings

http://www.st.com/learnMCU

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Providing of additional development resources for:

SW co-development

HW design proposal

Application porting

EMC consultancy

Pre-sale consultancy

Conditions:

High volume projects

Validation of the application is done by the CTM

Design Consulting

08/11/07 – REV. 2

Application Support Hot-Line Addresses in Prague

For selected Focus Customer Application Support to be agreed with local ST FSE/FAE

project data have to be exchanged

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

open access for all D-FAEs

Luca Salati Industrial and MultiMarket BU EMEA region · 2019-08-02 · •SG3524, SG3525 •L6668...

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Transcript of Luca Salati Industrial and MultiMarket BU EMEA region · 2019-08-02 · •SG3524, SG3525 •L6668...