LU for Wildfire Resilience Final Draftccionline.org/download/conference_presentations/... · Direct...
Transcript of LU for Wildfire Resilience Final Draftccionline.org/download/conference_presentations/... · Direct...
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CCI Foundation 2018 Summer Conference
June 6, 2018
LAND USE PLANNING FOR
WILDFIRE RESILIENCE
OVERVIEW
�Planning for Hazards: Land Use Solutions for Colorado Logan Sand, Colorado Dept. of Local Affairs
�Process, Approaches, and Land Use Policies & Strategies Molly Mowery, Wildfire Planning International
�Creating Wildfire Resilient Communities Jim Curnutte, Summit County
�Q & A
8.6 million by 2050 // Fastest growth between now and 2025
WILDFIRES IN COLORADO
� Increasing population in the WUI
� History and relationship to other hazards
� Wildfires are getting BIGGER and more
intense
� Lasting L O N G E R
� Costs are increasing (suppression and insurance) and more homes are burning
� Climate and insect infestation
Source: Colorado State Forest Service
ASSESS CONDITIONS/RISK
� What wildfire dangers exist in the community?
� What are our community assets?
� Where are our vulnerable populations?
� What are the impacts of a wildfire event on our community?
� Where are the most hazardous areas?
� What are our capabilities?
�What can we do to reduce risk?
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IMPLICATIONS FOR COLORADO
� Colorado’s growth and climate trends require smart land use planning
� Consider a Planning for Hazards approach
� Avoidance
� Prevent development in hazardous areas
� Direct future growth to safer areas
� Strengthen existing development in hazardous areas
Overview of the Comprehensive Plan Tool
CONTENT:
� Introduction and Summary
� Planning Framework
� Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
� Planning Tools and Strategies
� Model Code Language
� Moving Forward
� Appendix – Hazards in Colorado
www.planningforhazards.com
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PLANNING TOOL PROFILES - WILDFIRE
Geologic Hazard Tools Model Code Available
� Comprehensive Plan
� Climate Plan
� Community Wildfire Protection Plan
� Hazard Mitigation Plan
� Parks and Open Space Plan
� Pre-Disaster Planning
� Community Rating System
� Density Bonus
� Development Agreement
� Transfer of Development Rights
� 1041 Regulations
� Cluster Subdivision
� Conservation Easement
� Land Acquisition
� Overlay Zoning
� Stream Buffers and Setbacks
� Low-Impact Development and Stormwater Management BMPs
� Site-Specific Assessment
� Subdivision and Site Design Standards
� Use-Specific Standards
� Building Code
� Critical Infrastructure Protection
� Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Code
� Application Submittal Requirements
� Post-Disaster Building Moratorium
� Resilience Planning
� Capital Improvement Plan
Thank You
Logan SandRecovery and Resilience Planner
Colorado Department of Local Affairs
www.PlanningforHazards.com
LAND USE PLANNING TOOLS AND
STRATEGIESMOLLY MOWERY, AICP
WILDFIRE PLANNING INTERNATIONAL
Community Planning Assistance for Wildfire WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE (WUI)
Image credit: Molly Mowery, Google Earth (top right)
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Image credit: University of Wisconsin-Madison
WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE (WUI)
Image credit: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Image credit: Molly Mowery; MT DNRC (top right)
COMMON WUI PLANNING TOOLS
� Comprehensive Plan
� Subdivision and Site Design Standards
� Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Code
COMPREHENSIVE
PLAN
� Establishes long term process for WUI
� Provides background information on hazards
�Connects to other planning and regulatory activities
� Engages stakeholders in local values
Image Credits: WPI
Image credit: Molly Mowery
GROWTH MANAGEMENT
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Image credit: Larry Abramson
“GOOD” AND “BAD” FIRE POLICY OPTIONS FOR ALL SCALES
Community/
District
Building
/Lot
Subdivision/
Neighborhood
POLICIES FOR NEW VS. EXISTING
DEVELOPMENT
Image credit: Molly Mowery
SUBDIVISION AND SITE DESIGN STANDARDS
Image credit: Molly Mowery
� Regulatory tool for new development
�Directs development to low hazard areas
� Focuses on fire protection standards
WATER SUPPLY
Image credit http://www.grundycountyherald.com
ACCESS – EVACUATION ROUTES
Image credit: https://www.cnn.com
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ACCESS – ROAD STANDARDS
Image credit: https://www.knoxnews.com
ACCESS – VEGETATION MANAGEMENT
Image credit: Molly Mowery
ACCESS - SIGNAGE
Image credit: Molly Mowery
INFRASTRUCTURE/ UTILITIES
Image credit: South Carolina Forestry
MINIMUM SETBACKS
Image credit: National Interagency Fire Center
WUI CODES
� Regulatory tool for new and existing development
� Similar to Subdivision Regulations
� Includes requirements for building, landscaping, hazardous land uses
Image Credits: WPI
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Image credit: Lolo National Forest
STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
Image credit: Kelly Johnston, WPS
LANDSCAPING REQUIREMENTS
Image credit: Kelly Johnston, WPS
REGULATION OF HAZARDOUS USES
SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION
� Identify local hazard conditions
� Engage developer/ property owner
� Mitigate actual threat
� Consider other factors (screening, constraints)
� Utilize professional expertiseImage Credits: WPI
Image credit: Molly Mowery
RESOURCES www.planningforwildf ire .org
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CONTACT INFORMATION
Molly Mowery, AICP
Wildfire Planning International
www.wildfireplanning.com
303-358-9589CREATING WILDFIRE
RESILIENT COMMUNITIES
Wildfire and Land Use Planning Tools in Summit County
Jim Curnutte, AICPSummit County
SUMMIT COUNTY, COLORADO
• Year-round recreation and tourism. Home to Breckenridge, Copper Mountain, Keystone and A-Basin ski areas
• 80% of the land area in Summit County is National Forest System Lands, primarily a Lodgepole Pine monoculture
• Significant development activity, many second homes
WILDFIRES IN SUMMIT COUNTY
Keystone Gulch Fire (2011)
Area Burned: 16 Acres
Ophir Mountain Fire (2005)Above Summit High School
Area Burned: 15 acres
WILDFIRES IN SUMMIT COUNTY
Brush Creek FIre (2015) 230 Acres Burned
Frey Gulch Fire AKA Landfill FIre (2016) 22 Acres Burned
WILDFIRES IN SUMMIT COUNTY
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WILDFIRES IN SUMMIT COUNTY
Peak 2 Fire (2017) 85 Acres Burned Tenderfoot 2 Fire (2017) ~26 Acres Burned
PLANNING FOR WILDFIRES
TOOL BELT
Master Plans:• Community Wildfire Protection Plan• Comprehensive Plan & Basin Master Plans• Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan• Open Space Protection Plan
Land Protection Strategies: • Land Acquisition • Conservation Easements• Transfer of Development Rights
Development Standards & Regs:• Building Codes •Zoning Regulations• Subdivision & Site Design Standards
Community Involvement:• Summit County Wildfire Council• Funding through Grants and Property Taxes• Chipping Program• Public Education
MASTER PLANS
• Community Wildfire Protection Plan• Comprehensive Plan & Basin Master Plans• Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan• Open Space Protection Plan
• Land Acquisition• Conservation Easements• Transfer of Development Rights
• Summit County Wildfire Council• Funding through Grants and Property Taxes• Chipping Program• Public Education
• Building Codes • Zoning Regulations• Subdivision & Site Design Standards
MASTER PLANNING
▪ Planning Department Master Plans
• Countywide Comprehensive Plan, Basin Master Plans, Sub-basin Master Plans, Neighborhood Plans
▪ Community Wildfire Protection Plan
▪ Multi-hazard Mitigation Plan
▪ Open Space Protection Plan
COMMUNITY WILDFIRE
PROTECTION PLAN (CWPP)
▪ Used by Summit County Wildfire Council to direct funding and resources
▪ Identifies 27 focus areas for targeted hazardous fuel reduction efforts
▪ Has facilitated the funding of improvements related to wildfire hazard mitigation
• Improved signage, emergency access, cisterns
LAND PRESERVATION STRATEGIES
• Community Wildfire Protection Plan• Comprehensive Plan & Basin Master Plans• Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan• Open Space Protection Plan
• Land Acquisition• Conservation Easements• Transfer of Development Rights
• Building Codes • Zoning Regulations• Subdivision & Site Design Standards
• Summit County Wildfire Council• Funding through Grants and Property Taxes• Chipping Program• Public Education
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TRANSFER OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS
(TDR PROGRAM)❖Allows density to be transferred
from hazard-prone areas to sites more suitable for development
❖Originally created to protect backcountry character, expanded to protect wetlands on platted lots in subdivisions
❖Since its inception in 2000, approximately 100 development rights have been moved,
protected approximately 1,700 acres of land.
DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS & REGULATIONS
• Community Wildfire Protection Plan• Comprehensive Plan & Basin Master Plans• Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan• Open Space Protection Plan
• Land Acquisition• Conservation Easements• Transfer of Development Rights
• Building Codes •Zoning Regulations• Subdivision & Site Design Standards
• Summit County Wildfire Council• Funding through Grants and Property Taxes• Chipping Program• Public Education
Chapter 45
BUILDING CODE
Soffit Vent Openings (Max. 3/16 in.)
Sprinkler Systems for all structures ≥6,000 sq. ft.
❖ Fire Hazard Mitigation Requirement for New Construction
❖ Adoption of Fire Hazard Mitigation requirements to protect residences from wildfire in the WUI
❖ Plan review and inspection process to verify compliance
Class A Roofing
DEFENSIBLE SPACE
Chapter 3: Zoning Regulations
LAND USE AND DEVELOPMENT CODE
Rezoning Policies:#3202.05: Wildfire Hazard Areas
“In determining appropriate densities for a particular property, the BOCC will take into account 1) the wildfire hazard; 2) the potential impact to the public health, safety and welfare; 3) wildfire mitigation measures as required and/or allowed by the County; and 4) the proximity of the proposed development site to existing fire stations and the corresponding response zone and its inclusion in a designated fire protection district.”
#3505.17: Wall and Fence Design: “five (5) lineal feet of non-combustible material within 10-feet of any structure. Compliance shall be verified as part of any required defensible space inspection.”
#3604: Mandatory Landscape Design Standards“Shredded rubber, pine needles and shredded western red cedar are prohibited within 5 feet of any structure...”
#3815.02: Firewood Storage, “Firewood shall not be stored in unenclosed spaces beneath buildings or structures, or on decks or under eves…from May 1st until November 1st…”
LAND USE AND DEVELOPMENT CODEChapter 8: Subdivision Regulations
#8101: Required Fire Protection Improvements
“As a condition of approval of any subdivision, the subdivider shall be required to provide the following improvements related to fire protection:A. Water sources for firefighting…B. Fire hydrantsC. Access meeting the applicable provisions of
the Fire CodeD. Fuel Reduction/Forest Management Plans…as
identified in the CWPP
CC&R’s require ongoing forest management, fuels reduction, and defensible space maintenance
#8154: Lots and Blocks Design Criteria
#4. All proposed lots shall be designed to accommodate the fire mitigation prescriptions for Zone One and Two defensible space within the proposed lot boundaries to the maximum extent feasible.
Subdivision Regulations
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COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
• Land Acquisition• Conservation Easements• Transfer of Development Rights
• Summit County Wildfire Council• Funding through Grants and Property Taxes• Chipping Program• Public Education
• Community Wildfire Protection Plan• Comprehensive Plan & Basin Master Plans• Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan• Open Space Protection Plan
• Building Codes • Zoning Regulations• Subdivision & Site Design Standards
SUMMIT COUNTY WILDFIRE COUNCIL
The Summit County Wildfire Council was created in 2006 and meets quarterly.
The Council works to mitigate wildfire risk in Summit County, through implementation of the summit County Community Wildfire Protection Plan.
The council also administers community wildfire grants that help residents and property owners reduce wildfire risk.
In 2008 Summit County voters passed Referred Measure 1-A which is a property tax levy that provides funding for the following:
•Open Space Acquisition
•Energy Efficiency Measures
•Affordable Housing
•Wildfire Protection
Referred Measure 1-A
INNOVATIVE FUNDING $$$
■ Hazardous Fuel Reduction Grant Program
■ CWPP Grant Program
■ Chipping Program
■ Public Education Outreach
FUNDING FOR HAZARDOUS FUEL REDUCTION
& CWPP GRANT PROGRAMS
CHIPPING PROGRAM
❖Property owners clear slash on private property and the Chipping Program hauls it away for free.
❖Example of community buy-in to address hazards.
PUBLIC OUTREACH AND EDUCATION
❖ Presentations to professional organizations, community groups, and HOAs
❖ Booths at Farmers Markets and Wildfire mitigation fairs
❖ Ads at movie theaters, radio and TV stations, and on County busses
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PUBLIC OUTREACH AND EDUCATION
New in 2018❖ Increased spending on wildfire
prevention campaign➢ Campfire Safety➢ Vehicle Safety (spark arrestors)➢ Fire ban status
❖ SC Alert Subscription Campaign➢ Phone and text alerts
❖ Seasonal wildfire prevention patrol➢ 4 USFS seasonal employees➢ Additional OT for sheriff
Contact Information:
Logan Sand Molly Mowery, AICPDepartment of Local Affairs Wildfire Planning
[email protected] International [email protected]
Jim Curnutte, AICP
Summit [email protected]
THANK YOU!
QUESTIONS?