LTE-Planning Sec01 100509 v01

8/3/2019 LTE-Planning Sec01 100509 v01

1/33 Inorma Telecoms & Media

Intro to LTE

Intro to LtE


2/33



Intro to LTE

LtE IntroductIon and

archItEcturE ovErvIEw

Drivers or Mobile Broadband 4

Typical Applications and Network Requirements 6

LTE E-UTRAN Objectives 8

System Architecture Evolution (SAE) 10

Evolved UMTS Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) 12

Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 14

Serving Gateway (SGW) 14

Mobility Management Entity (MME) 14

Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW) 14

LTE Reerence points 16

LTE Roaming Architecture 18

Non-3GPP Access 20

Interworking with 2G/3G networks 22

Spectrum Requirements or LTE 24

WRC 2007 Spectrum 26

LTE Spectrum Requirements 28

ANNEx 32

Peak data rate 32

Control-plane latency 32

Control-plane capacity 32

User-plane latency 32

User throughput 32

Spectrum eciency 32

Mobility 32

Coverage 32

Further Enhanced Multimedia Broadcast

Multicast Service (MBMS) 32

Spectrum feibility 33

Co-eistence and Inter-working with

3GPP Radio Access Technology (RAT) 33 Architecture and migration 33

Radio Resource Management requirements 33

Compleity 33


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Intro to LTE

Inorma Telecoms & Media

dies Mbile Bb

Ater a slow start mobile data has nally taken o. Many actors, technical and non-technical,

relating to the success o mobile data have come together to provide data services that are

both easy to use and meets the users perormance epectations.

Network and handset capability have met with content and billing regimes and along with

growing consumer condence and eperience this is leading to increased use o data services

provided by operators. As consumers, operators and third party application providers gain

more eperience with data services beyond the plain WAP home page, the demand or data

is orecast to continue growing or the oreseeable uture. Good news or operators who are

generally seeing a reduction in revenues rom traditional voice based services. Revenues in

the net decade will depend on increasing eciency and nding alternative non-voice services.

The graph opposite shows the increase in use o both ed and mobile broadband services,

it also shows that the use o mobile broadband is set to overtake ed broadband in the uture,

this will only be possible i we can deliver a high perormance and consistent service that the

subscribers will come to epect.


5/33

Global broadband subscribers, by wired and wireless, 2007 2012

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

n Wireless n Wired

Note: Wired includes DSL, cable, FTTx and evolutions.

Wireless includes WiMAX, pre-WiMAX, EV-DO, HSPA and evolutions, but excludes WCDMA and WiFi.

Source: Informa Telecoms & Media

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Broadbandsubs (millions)

Network latenc

Bandwidth

Growth drivers

FTP

Mobileofce/email Interactive

remotegamesMMS,

web browsingVideo telephonyAudio streaming

Voice telephony

Multiplayer games

SMS

Voicemail msm: remote control

Audio/videodownload

Video conferencing Real-time

gamingm2m:robot security,

video broadcast

Video streaming

>1 sec

5Mbps

1Mbps

200 ms 100 ms 20 ms


Fig. 1


6/336

Intro to LTE


typil appliis nek reqiemes

While voice remains the most popular application or large user segments, several distinct

trends will infuence mobile communications in the years ahead:

Common, access-independent Internet applications will replace silos or mobile applications

and residential applications

Web2.0 applications empower users to participate in communities, and will generate content

and interact in virtual worlds and increase the requirement to greater uplink capabilities

Streaming services that deliver individual video content on demand and mobile TV on

demand are emerging as a avoured application

Mobile, interactive remote gaming and real-time gaming will undoubtedly become a major

industry in its own right

The quadruple play o voice, data, video and mobility bundles or residential and mobile

use is heating up the battle over ed-mobile substitution in the consumer marketMobile oce comprising smart phones, notebooks, ubiquitous broadband access and

advanced security solutions will ree business users rom their oce desk.

The network capability will need to evolve to ensure a consistent and reliable user eperience,

such network evolutions include;

The networks capacity to support high peak user data rates and high average data

throughput rates

Low user data planes and signalling channels response time, or latency

Guaranteed radio coverage ensuring ull use o services up to the cells edge

A viable means o creating and maintaining individual connections and the entire systemsquality o service (QoS)

Service continuity between access networks

Single sign-on to all network access

Competitive prices, with many users avouring fat-rate ees or reasons o cost control



Fig. 2

typil nex Geei SeiesAccess-independent Internet applications

Web2.0

Streaming services

Interactive remote gaming

Quadruple play

Mobile oce

typil Ebles nexGeei Seies

High peak user data rates

High average data throughput rates

Low latency

Guaranteed radio coverage

Individual quality o service (QoS)

Service continuity between access

networks

Single sign-on to all network access

Competitive prices, fat-rate ees


8/338

Intro to LTE


LtE E-utran objeies

LTE is ocusing on optimum support o Packet Switched (PS) Services. Main requirements

or the design o an LTE system are outlined in 3GPP TR 2.913 (2006) and can be summarized

as ollows:

d re: Peak data rates target 100 Mbps (downlink) and 0 Mbps (uplink) or 20 MHz

spectrum allocation, assuming 2 receive antennas and 1 transmit antenna at the terminal.

tgp:Target or downlink average user throughput per MHz is 3-4 times better than

release 6. Target or uplink average user throughput per MHz is 2-3 times better than release 6.

(release 6 HSPA)

Spem Eiey: Downlink target is 3-4 times better than release 6. Uplink target is 2-3

times better than release 6.

Ley:The one-way transit time between a packet being available at the IP layer in either

the UE or radio access network and the availability o this packet at IP layer in the radio

access network/UE is less than ms. Also C-plane latency is reduced, e.g. to allow ast

transition times o less than 100 ms rom camped state to active state.

Bi: Scaleable bandwidths o , 10, 1, 20 MHz are supported. Also bandwidths

smaller than MHz are supported or more feibility, i.e. 1.4 MHz and 3 MHz or FDD mode.

Iekig: Interworking with eisting UTRAN/GERAN systems and non-3GPP systems

is ensured. Multimode terminals support handover to and rom UTRAN and GERAN as well

as inter-RAT measurements. Interruption time or handover between E-UTRAN and UTRAN/

GERAN is less than 300 ms or real time services and less than 00 ms or non real time services.

Mlimei Bs Mlis Seies (MBMS): MBMS is urther enhanced and is then

reerred to as E-MBMS.

Mbiliy:The system is optimized or low mobile speed (0-1 km/h), but higher mobile speeds

are supported as well including high speed train environment as special case.

Spem lli: Operation in paired (Frequency Division Duple / FDD mode) and unpaired

spectrum (Time Division Duple / TDD mode).

c-exisee: Co-eistence in the same geographical area and co-location with GERAN/UTRAN.Also, co-eistence between operators in adjacent bands as well as cross-border coeistence.

Qliy Seie: End-to-end Quality o Service (QoS) is supported.



Fig. 3 LtE E-utran reqiemes

reqieme ce elese (rel-6 hSxPa) LtE E_utra

Peak data rate 14Mbps DL / .76Mbps UL 100Mbps DL / 0Mbps UL

Spectral eciency 0.6 0.8 DL / 0.3 UL (bps/Hz/sector) 3 4 DL / 2 3 UL improvement

% packet call throughput 64Kbps DL / Kbps UL 3 4 DL / 2 3 UL improvementAveraged user throughput 900Kbps DL / 10Kbps UL 3 4 DL / 2 3 UL improvement

U-Plane latency 0 ms ms

Call setup time 2 sec 0 ms

Broadcast data rate 384Kbps 6 8 improvement

Mobility Up to 20km/h Up to 30km/h

Multi-antenna support No Yes

Bandwidth MHz Scalable (up to 20MHz)


10/3310

Intro to LTE


Sysem aiee Eli (SaE)

One o the main objectives o the LTE architecture is an overall simplication o the network with

a reduction in the number o nodes required in the radio access and core network components.

The evolution o the network is designed to optimise perormance and improve cost eciency.

Also interoperability with the eisting 3.G inrastructure is important, particularly mobility and

handover between the networks.

The Evolved Packet System (EPS) is divided in to radio access and core network.


11/33

GERANUTRAN

S1-U

S1-MME

SG1S4/S11

Evolvedpacket core

E-UTRAN

3GPPnetwork

Externalnetwork

11 Inorma Telecoms & Media

Fig. 4 Sysem aiee Eli (SaE)


12/3312

Intro to LTE


Ele uMtS ri aess nek (E-utran)

Evolved UMTS Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) contains a single element known as the

Evolved Node Bs (eNB). The eNB supports all the user plane and control plane protocols to

enable communication with the UE. It also supports radio resource management, admission

control, scheduling, uplink QoS enorcement, cell broadcast, encryption and compression/

decompression o user data.

The eNB is connected to the core network on the S1 interace. The S1 interace allows the

eNB to communicate with the Mobility Management Entity (MME) via the S1-MME interace

and the Serving Gateway (SGW) via the S1-U interace. The interaces support a many to

many relationship between eNB and SGW/MME.

The eNB are also networked together using the x2 interace. The x2 interace is based on

the same set o protocols as the S1 and is primarily in place to allow user plane tunnelling

o packets during handover to minimise packet loss.


13/33

E-UTRAN

eNBeNB

eNB

X2X2

X2

S1 S1S1 S1

MME/S-GWMME/S-GW


Fig. 5 E -utran aiee


14/3314

Intro to LTE


Ele Pke ce (EPc)

The Evolved Packet Core contains two principle unctions, high speed packet handling and

mobility management, these unctions are carried out by the SGW and MME. This separation

o unction allows each to be implemented on a platorm optimised or data handling or

message processing. This will result in more optimised perormance and allows independent

scaling o each component and ecient topological optimisation o platorms to ensure

consistent service i.e. reduced latencies and maimised throughput.

Seig Gey (SGw)

The SGW acts as a router, routing and orwarding packets o user data, it is able to provide

transport level packet marking, and the marking process may be used or QoS management

by other network elements. Also some accounting unctions or UL/DL services.

The SGW will act as a local anchoring point or inter eNB handover and can also act as a

3GPP anchoring point or handovers between UMTS and LTE. It provides idle mode unctions

such as packet buering and initiation o network triggered service request.

The SGW is also one o the Lawul Interception points in the network.

Mbiliy Mgeme Eiy (MME)

The Mobility management entity (MME) is the primary signalling node in the EPC, NAS

signalling is terminated at this point and included signalling related to bearer establishment

and authentication o the UEs through interaction with the Home Subscriber Server (HSS).

It is also the decision point or SGW selection, and MME, SGW selection during handoverwhere EPC node change is necessary.

The MME handles roaming unctions such as allocation o temporary identities, admission

control and communication with the home HSS on the S6a interace.

Pke d nek Gey (P-Gw)

The P-GW is the entry and eit point or UE connectivity with eternal data networks.

It provides unctions o packet ltering, via deep packet inspection, allocation o UE IP

addresses, downlink packet marking, and service level charging, gating and rate enorcement.

The P-GW also acts as an anchor or mobility between 3GPP and non-3GPP technologies

such as 3GPP2 CDMA2000 and WiMAx.


15/33

eNB

SGiSGi S2a/b

S5

S11

S1-MME S1-U

S3

InternetNon-3GPP

accessIMS

P-GWUMTS

MME SGW


Fig. 6 Ele Pke ce (EPc) cmpes

SGw Serving Gateway; router, packet marking, anchor

or inter-eNB handover, some accounting

MME Mobility Management Entity; NAS signalling point,

admission control, bearer setup, authentication,

roaming unctions, selects SGW

P-Gw Packet Gateway; date entry/exit point, packet

inspection/ltering, IP address allocation, mobility

anchor or non-3GPP handover


16/3316

Intro to LTE


LtE reeee pis

S1: It provides access to Evolved RAN radio resources or the transport o user plane and

control plane trac. The S1 reerence point shall enable MME and UPE separation and also

deployments o a combined MME and UPE solution.

S2/b: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between a trusted/

not-trusted non-3GPP IP access and the SAE Anchor.

S3: It enables user and bearer inormation echange or inter 3GPP access system mobility

in idle and/or active state. It is based on Gn reerence point dened between SGSNs.

S4: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between GPRS Core and

the 3GPP Anchor and is based on Gn reerence point as dened between SGSN and GGSN.

S5: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between MME/UPE

and 3GPP anchor. It is FFS whether a standardized Sa eists or whether MME/UPE and 3GPP

anchor are combined into one entity.

S5b: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between 3GPP anchor

and SAE anchor. It is FFS whether a standardized Sb eists or whether 3GPP anchor and SAE

anchor are combined into one entity.

S6: It enables transer o subscription and authentication data or authenticating/authorizing user

access to the evolved system (AAA interace).

S7: It provides transer o (QoS) policy and charging rules rom PCRF to Policy and Charging

Enorcement Point (PCEP). The allocation o the PCEP is FFS.

SGi: It is the reerence point between the Inter AS Anchor and the packet data network. Packet

data network may be an operator eternal public or private packet data network or an intra

operator packet data network, e.g. or provision o IMS services. This reerence point corresponds

to Gi and Wi unctionalities and supports any 3GPP and non-3GPP access systems.

The interaces between the SGSN in 2G/3G Core Network and the Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

will be based on the GTP protocol. The interaces between the

SAE MME/UPE and the 2G/3G Core Network will be based on the GTP protocol.


17/33

SGiSGi S2a

S5

S11

S1-MME S1-U

S3 S4

Internet AccessIMS

P-GWUMTS

MME SGW

X2

eNB


Fig. 7 LtE-SaE reeee pis


18/3318

Intro to LTE


LtE rmig aiee

Roaming is supported by the SAE, the gure opposite show the situation where a user is roamed

on to a V-PLMN (Visitor PLMN). A roaming agreement must eist between the home and

visited systems. The pictured scenario may be when the user visits a dierent country or where

national roaming is supported.

Part o the connection is handled by the visited network, this includes the radio access, mobility

management and elements o session management. U-plane data is routed via visited SGW to

the home network P-GW and the S8 interace.

The S8 interace carries both user plane data and control signaling and is based on the Gp interace

rst dened in the GPRS/UMTS core network specications.

The S6 interace connects the MME to the HSS and handles session and mobility related signaling

including security.

The data sessions are managed locally by the visited network but the call is anchored in the

home network, allowing the home operator to maintain control o the session. This may not be

the most ecient routing in terms o cost and system resources, thereore, there is an option to

route the U-plane trac to a P-GW in the V-PLMN and make connections, or eample, directly

to the internet or local services.


19/33

SGi

S11

S6

S8

SGi

Optionalrouting to

local P-GW

H-PLMN

V-PLMN

S1-MME S1-U

SGi

InternetIMS

P-GW

MME SGW

E-UTRAN

HSS


Fig. 8 EPc rmig aiee e h-PLMn


20/3320

Intro to LTE


n-3GPP aess

The diagram opposite shows the architecture that allows IP access to the EPC using non-3GPP

access technologies, i.e. Wireless LAN (802.11a,b,g,) WiMAx. There are two possible access

scenarios, both o which appear on the diagram, trusted and non-trusted access.

Where the operator owns and operates the WLAN network, this may be considered a trusted

case, the user data rom the WLAN network may be sent directly to the P-GW via the IP based

S2 interace. Inormation relating to subscriber proles, authentication vectors, network identity,

charging and QoS inormation may all be provided to the WLAN access via the Ta interace.

The inormation is provided via the 3GPP AAA server which acts as an inter-working point

between the 3GPP and IETF worlds. The main purpose o the 3GPP AAA server is to allow

end to end interaction, such as authentications to take place using 3GPP credentials stored

in the HSS via the W interace.

In the non-trusted case, e.g. a corporate entity has its own WLAN network and would like to

oer 3GPP access to its customers, there are additional network elements to maintain the

inrastructure security and integrity. The ePDG (evolved Packet Data Gateway) element carried

all the trac rom the WLAN via a secure tunnel (IPSec) over the Wn interace. The Wm interace

allows the user related data rom the HSS via the 3GPP AAA Server, to be echanged, ensuring

proper tunneling and encryption between the user terminal and the P-GW.

In both o these cases the MME and SGW are redundant.


21/33

Non-trusted

WLAN Access

SGi

S2

S2

Wm

Wn

Ta

Wa

Wx

S5

S11

S6

S11

S1-MME S1-U

InternetIMS

P-GW

MME SGW

E-UTRAN

3GPPAAA

HSS

ePDG

Trusted

WLAN Access


Fig. 9 n-3GPP aess EPc

S2 IP based User-plane data

t/w Transport authentication, authorisation and

charging-related inormation in a secure manner

wx Communication between WLAN AAA inrastructure

and HSS, Security data, Sub prole, charging

w Force non-trusted trac via ePDG tunnel

wm Authorisation/authentication data, tunnel attributes,

identity mapping, charging characteristics


22/3322

Intro to LTE


Iekig i 2G/3G eks

Where 2G/3G cells are adjacent or overlaid on to E-UTRAN cells there will be a requirement

or interworking between the dierent inrastructures to support inter-system mobility. No new

systems elements are required but 2 additional interaces are specied, S3 and S4.

S3 supports the user and bearer inormation echange between the SGSN and the MME during

handover/cell reselection. QoS and user contet will be echange so the target system has all

the inormation required to re-establish the bearers on the new cell. S3 is based on the IP Gn

interace designed or 2G/3G core architecture.

S4 carries the user plane data between the SGSN and the SGW. The SGW play the role o

the mobility anchor in inter-system echanges, it has a very similar role to the GGSN in 2G/3G

networks. The S4 interace is also based on the Gn interace.


23/33

SGi

S11

S6

S3 S4

lu

SGi

InternetIMS

P-GW

MME SGW

SGSN

UTRAN/GERAN

HSS

S1-MME S1-U

E-UTRAN


Fig. 10 2G/3G LtE Iekig

S3 Exchange o bearer inormation, QoS,

S4 U-Plane trac


24/3324

Intro to LTE


Spem reqiemes LtE

It is very apparent rom many industry sources that the mobile broadband revolution has begun,

in the net ew years there will be an ever increasing demand or access to high speed broadband

data services. Technologies like LTE and WiMAx seem very well placed to be able to oer these

services to subscribers in a very cost eective way.

One o the greatest problems to overcome will be availability o spectrum and the availability

o spectrum in suitable bands. There is a great deal o work currently taking place to ensure

that operators have access to a sucient amount o spectrum to solve the principle problems

o coverage and capacity that they ace right now and may potentially ace to a greater etent

in the uture.

The ITU-R already recognises the coming issues and has begun to address the problem at

WRC 07 and will make urther resolutions at WRC11.


25/33

800 850 900 950 1000 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2500 2550 2600 2650 2700 MHz

IMT-2000IMT-2000

GSM

GSM

PDC

Cellular

Cellular

IMT-2000

GSM 1800

GSM

1800

IMT-

2000

MS

S

PCS

A B CD BA CED FEF

MSS

UMTSMSS

DECT

IMT-

2000

MSS

IMT-

2000

MSS

IMT-

2000

MS

S

UMTSMSS

IMT-2000

IMT-2000

(regional)

PDC

MSS

IMT-2000

MSS

AWSAWS

Cellular

Cellular

Cellular

IMT-2000

IMT-2000

MSS

Under study

Under study

IMT-2000,band plan

not yet decided

Mobile allocationadded, no band

plan yet

ITU

allocations

Europe

China

Japan

NorthAmerica

Brazil

PHS


Fig. 11 IMt 2000 spem allis (wrc 2000)


26/3326

Intro to LTE


wrc 2007 Spem

Under Agenda Item 1.4 to consider requency-related matters or the uture development

o IMT-2000 and systems beyond IMT-2000.

WRC-07 has identied globally harmonised spectrum or use by International Mobile

Telecommunications (IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced).

Additional spectrum was allocated or IMT systems in various new bands, resulting in 392 MHz

o new spectrum in total in Europe and 428 MHz in the Americas:

20 MHz in the band 40470 MHz (globally)

72 MHz in the band 790862 MHz or Region 1 (Europe) and parts o Region 3 (Asia)

108 MHz in the band 698806 MHz or Region 2 (Americas) and some countries o

Region 3 (Asia)

100 MHz in the band 2.32.4 GHz (globally)200 MHz in the band 3.43.6 GHz (no global allocation, but identied in 82 countries)

Note: These bands will not be available immediately or NGMN usage, but opened to the market

ollowing transition periods o up to several years. Additionally, the allocations regarding the

bands 790-862 MHz and 3.4 3.6 GHz in Region 1 will only come into ull eect in 201 and

2010 respectively.


27/33

WRC-07 IMT Identifications

AmericasMobile allocation,no identifcation

450

470

698

862

2300

2400

3400

3500

3600

Asia Pacific

Legend: Effective immediately in 61 countries, in 6 others a subset of the bandEffective in all countries 17 June 2015

450

470

698

862

2300

2400

3400

3500

3600

Europe/Africa/

Middle East

In 81 countries,

eective 11/17/2010

450

470

698

862

2300

2400

3400

3500

3600

Mobile allocation in 14 countries

Identified in 9 countries

Identified in 10 countries

Identified in 9 countries + mobile allocation everywhere


Fig. 12 aiil Spem Ieie wrc 2007

20 MHz in the band 450470 MHz (globally)

72 MHz in the band 790862 MHz or Region 1 (Europe)

and parts o Region 3 (Asia)

108 MHz in the band 698806 MHz or Region 2

(Americas) and some countries o Region 3 (Asia)

100 MHz in the band 2.32.4 GHz (globally)

200 MHz in the band 3.43.6 GHz (no global allocation,

but identied in 82 countries)


28/3328

Intro to LTE


LtE Spem reqiemes

The table opposite shows the eisting bands supported by 3GPP and 3GPP2. The majority

o these are already in use with the well known 2G/3G technologies. One o the largest areas

o interest or operators and regulators alike is the potential or spectrum re-arming in these

bands. Spectrum neutrality is becoming increasing wide spread, where the regulator lits the

technology specic nature o the licenses.

UMTS900 has already been approved and there is work taking place on the USA in the

700MHz band. The digital dividend is also another area o interest, analogue TV broadcast are

coming to an end in many parts o the word leaving behind spectrum in the ranges 470 862 MHz.



Fig. 13 Exisig Fe 3GPP Bs

opeig

b

B

me

tl

spem

uplik

(Mhz)

dlik

(Mhz)

Band I 2.1GHz 260MHz 1920 1980 2110 2170

Band II 1900MHz 260MHz 180 1910 1930 1990

Band III 1800MHz 27MHz 1710 178 180 1880

USA Band IV 1.7/2.1GHz 24MHz 1710 17 2110 21

Band V 80MHz 22MHz 824 849 869 894

Japan Band VI 800MHz 210MHz 830 840 87 88

Band VII 2.6GHz 270MHz 200 270 2620 2690

Band VIII 900MHz 23MHz 880 91 92 960

Japan Band Ix 1700MHz 23MHz 1749.9 1784.9 1844.9 1879.9

Band x 7.7/2.1MHz 260MHz 1710 1770 2110 2170

Japan Band xI 100MHz 22MHz 1427.9 142.9 147.9 100.9

New 3GPP

work items

USA Band xII Lower 700MHz 218MHz 698 716 728 746

USA Band xIII Upper 700MHz 212MHz 776 788 746 78

USA

Band xIVUpper 700MHz

public saety/private

210MHz 788 798 78 768

ETSI band

numbers

Band xV Paired 2.6GHz 220MHz 1900 1920 2600 2620

Band xVI Paired 2.6GHz 21MHz 2010 202 28 2600


30/33



Intro to LTE

annEX


32/3332

Intro to LTE


Pek e

Instantaneous downlink peak data rate o 100 Mb/s within a 20 MHz downlink spectrum

allocation ( bps/Hz)

Instantaneous uplink peak data rate o 0 Mb/s (2. bps/Hz) within a 20MHz uplink

spectrum allocation)

cl-ple ley

Transition time o less than 100 ms rom a camped state, such as Release 6 Idle Mode, to

an active state such as Release 6 CELL_DCH

Transition time o less than 0 ms between a dormant state such as Release 6 CELL_PCH

and an active state such as Release 6 CELL_DCH

cl-ple piy

At least 200 users per cell should be supported in the active state or spectrum allocationsup to MHz

use-ple ley

Less than ms in unload condition (ie single user with single data stream) or small IP packet

use gp

Downlink: average user throughput per MHz, 3 to 4 times Release 6 HSDPA

Uplink: average user throughput per MHz, 2 to 3 times Release 6 Enhanced Uplink

Spem eiey

Downlink: In a loaded network, target or spectrum eciency (bits/sec/Hz/site), 3 to 4 times

Release 6 HSDPA )

Uplink: In a loaded network, target or spectrum eciency (bits/sec/Hz/site), 2 to 3 times

Release 6 Enhanced Uplink

Mbiliy

E-UTRAN should be optimized or low mobile speed rom 0 to 1 km/h

Higher mobile speed between 1 and 120 km/h should be supported with high perormance

Mobility across the cellular network shall be maintained at speeds rom 120 km/h to 30

km/h (or even up to 00 km/h depending on the requency band)

cege

Throughput, spectrum eciency and mobility targets above should be met or km cells, and

with a slight degradation or 30 km cells. Cells range up to 100 km should not be precluded.

Fe Ee Mlimei Bs Mlis Seie (MBMS)

While reducing terminal compleity: same modulation, coding, multiple access approaches

and UE bandwidth than or unicast operation.

Provision o simultaneous dedicated voice and MBMS services to the user.

Available or paired and unpaired spectrum arrangements.

annEX


33/33

Spem fexibiliy

E-UTRA shall operate in spectrum allocations o dierent sizes, including 1.2 MHz,

1.6 MHz, 2. MHz, MHz, 10 MHz, 1 MHz and 20 MHz in both the uplink and downlink.

Operation in paired and unpaired spectrum shall be supported

The system shall be able to support content delivery over an aggregation o resources

including Radio Band Resources (as well as power, adaptive scheduling, etc) in the same

and dierent bands, in both uplink and downlink and in both adjacent and non-adjacent

channel arrangements. A Radio Band Resource is dened as all spectrum available to

an operator

c-exisee Ie-kig i 3GPP ri aess telgy (rat)

Co-eistence in the same geographical area and co-location with GERAN/UTRAN on

adjacent channels.

E-UTRAN terminals supporting also UTRAN and/or GERAN operation should be able to

support measurement o, and handover rom and to, both 3GPP UTRAN and 3GPP GERAN.

The interruption time during a handover o real-time services between E-UTRAN and

UTRAN (or GERAN) should be less than 300 msec.

aiee migi

Single E-UTRAN architecture

The E-UTRAN architecture shall be packet based, although provision should be made

to support systems supporting real-time and conversational class trac

E-UTRAN architecture shall minimize the presence o single points o ailure

E-UTRAN architecture shall support an end-to-end QoSBackhaul communication protocols should be optimised

ri rese Mgeme eqiemes

Enhanced support or end to end QoS

Ecient support or transmission o higher layers

Support o load sharing and policy management across dierent Radio Access Technologies

cmplexiy

Minimize the number o options

No redundant mandatory eaturesThe Study Item phase was concluded in September 2006 and the Work Item or 3G Long Term

Evolution was created. As epected, in particular the E-UTRA system will provide signicantly

higher data rates than Release 6 WCDMA. The increase in data rate is achieved especially

through higher transmission bandwidth and support or MIMO.

In particular, the study showed that simultaneous support or UTRA and E-UTRA UEs in the

same spectrum allocation was possible.

Solutions chosen or the physical layer and layers 2/3 showed a convergence between paired

spectrum and unpaired spectrum solutions or the Long Term Evolution (e.g. initial access,

handover procedures, measurements, rame and slot structures).

LTE-Planning Sec01 100509 v01

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