LTE-M, NB-IoT and LTE-V paving the way to 5G IoT...Smart Testing for a smart world LTE-M, NB-IoT and...
Transcript of LTE-M, NB-IoT and LTE-V paving the way to 5G IoT...Smart Testing for a smart world LTE-M, NB-IoT and...
Smart Testing for a smart world
LTE-M, NB-IoT and LTE-V
paving the way to 5G IoT
Dr. Taro Eichler
Joerg Koepp
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Anything that benefits
from network connection
will be connected
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Ericsson
Low Power WAN Sigfox, LoRa, Weightless, NB-IoT
OTHER technologiesSatellite, DSL, Fiber, PLC
Wireless WAN (2G/3G/4G)GSM, CDMA, UMTS, LTE
Wireless PAN/LANBluetooth, Zigbee, Thread, WiFi
Connecting Billions of Devices to the Internet of Things (IoT)
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shor
t ran
ge
WW
AN
othe
r
BillionThings
Smart Cities Smart Homes
Wearables Automotive
The majority of devices building the Internet of Things
will use wireless technologies in un-licensed frequency bands
Data Rate
Ran
ge
4R&S LTE-M, NB-IoT, LTE-V - June 2016
Cellular
(2G/3G/4G/5G)
NFC
Bluetooth
ZigBee
Thread
Z-Wave
WI-SUN
802.11 ah
WiFi
802.11 a/b/g/n/ac
Sigfox
LoRa
Weightless
NB-IoT
ANT+
802.11ad
Objective: Covering diverse applications with a common air
interface and network architecture
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Surveillance Cams• huge amount of uplink data
• Rare handover
Fleet Management• Small amount of uplink data
• frequent handovers/ global coverage
Broad spectrum of capabilities required
Huge amount of devices w/ small data and delay tolerant traffic
Smart Metering• Small amount of uplink only
• Every 15 min
• Rare handover
Connected Trash Cans• Small amount of uplink only
• Spontaneous communication
• Rare handover
Devices running on Battery only – sometimes in difficult environment
Smart Metering (Gas/Water/…)• 10 year battery life time
• Located in the basement
• Rare handover
Connected Herd• Small amount of uplink only
• Spontan & Periodic communication
• Rare handover (coverage)
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5G Networks will enable the Internet of Things of the future
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Very high data rate
Long battery lifetime
Mobility
Massive number of devices
Reliability, resilience, security
Very lowlatency
Very high capacity
Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communcationmassive Machine Type Communication
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
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Making cellular networks ready for the Internet of Things
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Low Cost Extended Coverage
Overload Control Power Saving Reachability
Low Latency
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3GPP IoT standardization on the way to 5G
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LC-LTE/MTCeCAT-0, PSM
eMTCCat-M1, eDRX, CE
NB-IoTCat-NB, eDRX
Rel. 8 Rel. 12 Rel. 13
+
20 MHz/half-duplex
1.4 MHz/half-duplex
200 kHzNB-LTE
NB-cIoT
LTE-MTC
Rel. 9 Rel.10 Rel.11
LP-WAN
GSM-MTC EC-GSM-IoT
incl. eDRX
LTE Cat-1
20 MHz/duplex
NIMTC SIMTC
NIMTC SIMTC
mMTC
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Machine-Type-Communication LTE/LTE-A/LTE-A Pro
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Rel. 10 Rel. 11 Rel. 12 Rel. 13
ExtendedAccess Barring
Power Saving Mode
Expected UE Behavior
UE Category 0
Coverage enhancement
eMTCUE Category M1
Overload Control
Signaling Reduction
Low Cost UE
Battery Life
Coverage
Low Cost UE
Delay tolerant access & LAPI
Overload Control
Extended DRX
Battery Life
Long PRU/PTU Timer per UE
Signaling Reduction
Minimum periodic search timer
Signaling Reduction
Attach with IMSIIndicator
Signaling Reduction
Device Triggering
Reachability
NIMTC SIMTC MTCe/LC_LTE
OverrideLAPI
Overload Control
MTCe2/eMTC
NB-IoTUE Category NB
Ultra Low Cost/Low power
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Rel. 12: New Category 0 –for low complexity UEs
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Cat 1 (Rel-8) Cat-0 (Rel-12)
Downlink Peak Rate 10 Mbps 1 Mbps
Uplink Peak Rate 5 Mbps 1 Mbps
UE RF Chains 2 1
Duplex Mode Full duplex Half duplex (opt)
UE Receiver bandwidth 20 MHz 20 MHz
Max UE Transmit Power 23 dBm 23 dBm
# soft channel bits 250 368 25 344
max TBS for PMCH 10 296 4 584
MIMO Layer 1 1
Highest DL Modulation 64QAM 64QAM
Highest UL Modulation 16QAM 16QAM
• Peak rate reduction to 1Mbps in DL and UL
• One Rx/Tx only (single RF Chain)
• New half-duplex (HD) FDD operation
(type B**) with adapted guard period
• 1 oscillator
• Reduced maximum TBS for PMCH
• Reduced number of soft buffer bits
• No support of 64 QAM UL
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Rel. 12: Power saving mode
for UE that can accept long latency for terminating data
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PSM Mode: UE remains registered with the network and there is no need to re-attach or re-establish PDN
connections – saves power, but UE isn’t reachable in PSM Node
UE request an Active Time value (T3324) during every Attach / TAU Request.
Network confirms usage of PSM by allocating an Active Time value to the UE
Power Saving Mode (PSM)Idle
T
A
U
PSMIdle
DataT
A
U
T3324T3412 (TA Update Timer) UE data
available
T3324
rela
tive
pow
er c
onsu
m.
Idle
DRX Cycle (1-2 sec)
RRC Connection Release
T3412
standard 54 min
max 192 min
extended 320 h
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Rel. 13: eMTC CAT-M1 – 1.4 MHz DL channel support
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M-PDCCH
PDSCH
• Cell will support both legacy and CAT-M1 UE
• Multiple narrowband regions can be defined
• CAT-M1 UEs can re-tune to different frequencies
• No PDCCH,PCFICH,PHICH legacy support
• New DL based on EPDCCH (M-PDCCH)
• No slot-based frequency hopping for PUCCH
• New low power class (20 dBm)
• Support of Coverage Enhancement (CE) mode A (and B)
6PRB/1.4 MHZ
Legacy C
on
trol
6PRB/1.4 MHZ
6 PRB/1.4 MHz
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Rel 13: Enabling extended battery life,
reduced data transmission to a minimum (I-eDRX)
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For devices with infrequently uplink data transmission, energy consumption can be reduced significantly by longer
cycles for discontinuous reception (DRX).
inactive
DRX /Paging
DRX Cycle <2.56 sec
inactive
eDRX /Paging
eDRX (minutes or hours)eMTC: up to ~44min
NB-IoT up to ~3hr
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Two possible methods to save power:
Select the best one and define the optimal parameter!
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eDRX
activ
e
PSM mode (minutes, hours, days)
activ
e
Tx
activ
e
DRX (<2.56s)
TA
U
activ
e
Principle: Power Saving Mode
Principle: extended Discontinuous Reception
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 4000
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
25
20
15
10
5
1
Relative Battery Lifetime
Relative Energy Consumption
Bat
tery
Life
time
Fac
tor
Re
lative
En
erg
y C
on
su
mp
tio
n
DRX Cycle Length [s]
Batter Lifetime improvement by use of eDRX (source Ericsson)
eMTC: up to ~44min
NB-IoT up to ~3hr
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Rel.13: NB-IoT – even more ‚streamlined‘ than cat-M1
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• Improved indoor coverage: extended coverage of 20 dB
• Support of massive number of low throughput devices e.g. 40 MTC devices per household
• Reduced complexity
• Things that cost less than a 2G device
• Improved power efficiency: more than 10 years battery life time
• Relaxed Delay characteristics: ~10 sec.
Objectives
Smart Parking Smart Bike Smart Suitcase Sensor Networks Agriculture Sensor
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Rel 13: Narrowband-IoT (standardization still ongoing)
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The Uplink and Downlink total transmission bandwidth is 180 kHz
Downlink: OFDM with 15 kHz sub-carrier spacing (1PRB)
Uplink: SC-FDMA with 3.75 kHz and 15 kHz for single-tone transmissions and
optional multi-tone transmissions with 15 kHz subcarrier spacing
Only FDD in half-duplex mode (analog to UE cat.0 half-duplex TypeB), no TDD in Rel.13
Reduced downlink transmission schemes:
TM1: Single antenna port, TM2: Two antenna ports, using transmit diversity
Only mobility in IDLE mode is supported
MTC features like Power Save Mode (PSM), extended DRX (eDRX) cycle are valid
NB
-Io
T
NB
-Io
T
LTE Carrier LTE Carrier
NB
-Io
T
NB
-Io
T
e.g. GSM Carriers
Standalone operationGuard-band OperationIn-Band Operation
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Range of LTE categories to adress diverse IoT use cases
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LTE Advanced
• Phones• Tablets• Cars (media)
LTE Cat-1
LTE Cat-M
• Cams• Wearables• Trucks
• Wearables• Meters• Control
Data
rate
LTE Cat-NB
• Sensors• Pets• Bikes
Power Consumption/Costs
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A handfull 3GPP offerings to adress the growing IoT market
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LTE-Cat 1 LTE-Cat 0 LTE-Cat M 1 NB-IoT (Cat-NB) EC-GSM-IoT
DeploymentIn-band LTE In-Band LTE In-band LTE
In-Band LTE
Guard-Band LTE
Standalone
In-band GSM
Downlink OFDMA
[15 kHz]
OFDMA
[15 KHz]
OFDMA
[15 kHz]
OFDMA
[15kHz]TDMA/FDMA
Uplink SC-FDMA
[15 kHz]
SC-FDMA
[15 kHz]
SC-FDMA
[15 kHz]
Single Tone
[15/3.75 kHz]TDMA/FDMA
Peak Rate DL:10 Mbps
UL: 5 Mbps
DL: 1 Mbps
UL: 1 Mbps
DL: 1 Mbps
UL: 1 Mbps
UL: 250 kbps
DL: 20 kbps
UL: 70/240 kbps
DL: 70/240 kbps
UE receiver BW20 MHz 20 MHz 1.4 MHz 200 kHz 200 kHz
Duplex ModeFull-Duplex Half-Duplex Half-Duplex Half-Duplex Half-Duplex
Max UE
transmit power23 dBm 23 dBm 23 or 20 dBm 23 dBm or 20 dBm 33 dBm or 23 dBm
Power savingPSM, eDRX PSM, eDRX PSM, eDRX PSM, eDRX PSM, eDRX
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V2x Communication to inform the driver
about a potential danger that the driver can not see...
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electronic brake light
obstacle warning
black ice warning
blind spot
emergency car
!Emergency Car
road works warning
Traffic control60
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Vehicle to Vehicle communication today – based on 802.11p
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LOSnLOS
802.11a signal with reduced rate:
• 10 MHz bandwidth for robustness
• Carrier spacing reduced by ½
• Symbol length is doubled, making the signal more
robust against fading.
• Operates in the 5.8 GHz and 5.9 GHz frequency
bands depending on regional regulations.
• 802.11p is essentially based on the OFDM PHY
Wave mode:
• direct data exchange between vehicles using a
wildcard BSSID
Very High
relative speed
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Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)
Essentially Three Categories of Vehicle to x communication
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Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I)
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3GPP is analyzing three scenarios
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1: D2D Sidelink (PC5) 2: E-UTRAN Networking 3: Combination of 1&2
With & without LTE coverage | Dedicated V2X carrier with single/ multiple operators | Shared V2X/ LTE on licensed LTE carriers
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5G Networks will enable the Internet of Things of the future
26R&S LTE-M, NB-IoT, LTE-V - June 2016
Very high data rate
Long battery lifetime
Mobility
Massive number of devices
Reliability, resilience, security
Very lowlatency
Very high capacity
Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communcationmassive Machine Type Communication
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
LTE-M NB-IoT LTE-V
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