LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this...

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Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their background, and underline actions the person did in an attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery Sarah Grimke & Angelina Grimke At a time when women were supposed to stay home and keep their political views to themselves, Sarah and Angelina Grimke were rebels of the times. Having strong opinions about slavery and women's rights, these sisters shocked all who knew them by speaking out and getting involved with making changes on both. The Grimke sisters of South Carolina were two early female abolitionists (fighting against slavery) and women's rights activists, traveling throughout the North, speaking out about their first-hand experiences with slavery on their family plantation. They were often teased and yelled at for their abolitionist activity. They both realized that women would have to create a safe space in the public arena if they wanted to be helpful abolitionists and reformers. They also both became women's rights activists. Their father, a South Carolina judge, owned slaves -- the sisters believed slavery was wrong and cruel. Their father, a strong supporter of slavery and not a supporter of women, was a wealthy planter with hundreds of slaves. He was the father to at least 14 children. Sarah was the sixth child and Angelina was the youngest. When she was not allowed to go to school, Sarah begged her parents to allow her to become Angelina's godmother and she became part mother and part sister to her much younger sibling. Sarah Grimke was an abolitionist from an early age: she saw a slave being whipped at age 5 and tried to board a steamer ship to live in a place where there is no slavery. Later she taught one of her father’s slaves to read even though it was breaking the law. An early feminist, meaning a person who fights for women’s equality, she wanted to become a lawyer. Moving to Philadelphia, in the North, in the late 1820s, they began writing and speaking against slavery, soon finding that women were not encouraged to speak in public or travel alone. Although they were treated poorly for their behavior, their speeches still drew large crowds and support. Their writings showed how African-American’s being slaves and the treatment of women were both major problems. In the late 1830s, they opened a boarding school, where Sarah also taught. However, they never gave up their beliefs. In 1870, they were part of a group of women who attempted to vote in a Massachusetts election, though unsuccessfully.

Transcript of LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this...

Page 1: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Sarah Grimke & Angelina Grimke

At a time when women were supposed to stay home and

keep their political views to themselves, Sarah and Angelina

Grimke were rebels of the times. Having strong opinions about

slavery and women's rights, these sisters shocked all who knew

them by speaking out and getting involved with making changes on

both.

The Grimke sisters of South Carolina were two early female

abolitionists (fighting against slavery) and women's rights activists, traveling throughout the North,

speaking out about their first-hand experiences with slavery on their family plantation. They were

often teased and yelled at for their abolitionist activity. They both realized that women would have to

create a safe space in the public arena if they wanted to be helpful abolitionists and reformers. They

also both became women's rights activists.

Their father, a South Carolina judge, owned slaves -- the sisters believed slavery was wrong

and cruel. Their father, a strong supporter of slavery and not a supporter of women, was a wealthy

planter with hundreds of slaves. He was the father to at least 14 children. Sarah was the sixth child

and Angelina was the youngest. When she was not allowed to go to school, Sarah begged her parents

to allow her to become Angelina's godmother and she became part mother and part sister to her much

younger sibling.

Sarah Grimke was an abolitionist from an early age: she saw a slave being whipped at age 5

and tried to board a steamer ship to live in a place where there is no slavery. Later she taught one of

her father’s slaves to read even though it was breaking the law. An early feminist, meaning a person

who fights for women’s equality, she wanted to become a lawyer.

Moving to Philadelphia, in the North, in the late 1820s, they began writing and speaking

against slavery, soon finding that women were not encouraged to speak in public or travel alone.

Although they were treated poorly for their behavior, their speeches still drew large crowds and

support. Their writings showed how African-American’s being slaves and the treatment of women

were both major problems.

In the late 1830s, they opened a boarding school, where Sarah also taught. However, they

never gave up their beliefs. In 1870, they were part of a group of women who attempted to vote in a

Massachusetts election, though unsuccessfully.

Page 2: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an attempt

to stop slavery. You will then write a letter pretending you are

this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Frederick Douglass

At the age of 23 Frederick Douglass gave his first

speech of many about his life as a slave. Douglass would

continue to give speeches for the rest of his life and would

become a leading spokesperson for the abolition of slavery and

for racial equality.

He was born the son of a slave woman and an unknown

white man. While growing up he saw many horrible acts of

slavery. He saw terrible whippings and spent much time cold

and hungry. When he was eight he was sent to Baltimore,

Maryland to live with a ship carpenter named Hugh Auld.

There he learned to read and first heard the words abolition and

abolitionists. Hearing these speeches got him started on

fighting for himself and other slaves.

Douglass spent seven pretty good years in Baltimore before being sent back to the country,

where he was hired out to a farm run by an extremely mean "slavebreaker" named Edward Covey.

The treatment he received was indeed terrible. He was whipped daily and barely fed, Douglass was

"broken in body, soul, and spirit." Soon after this he escaped knowing he wanted a better life. He ran

away to New York to start a new life. Always determined to educate himself, Douglass worked hard

to learn from the abolitionists around him. He joined many organizations in New York, including a

black church. He attended Abolitionists' meetings. He read William Lloyd Garrison's weekly

magazine, the Liberator.

Despite worries that the information might endanger his freedom, Douglass published his

autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written By Himself.

The year was 1845. Three years later, after giving speeches all over England, Ireland, and Scotland,

Douglass published the first issue of the North Star, a four-page weekly newspaper, out of Rochester,

New York.

Frederick Douglass would work very hard to better the lives of African Americans. He talked

with Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War and recruited northern blacks for the Union Army. After

the War he fought for the rights of both African Americans and women.

Page 3: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

William Lloyd Garrison

For more than three decades Garrison wrote his paper

the Liberator, from 1831, until after the end of the Civil War

in 1865 when the last issue was published. Garrison spoke

out powerfully and passionately against slavery and for the

rights of America's black population.

When he was 25, Garrison joined the Abolition

movement. He became associated with the American

Colonization Society, an organization that believed free

blacks should move back to a territory on the west coast of

Africa. On January 1, 1831, he published the first issue of his

own anti-slavery newspaper, the Liberator.

In speeches and articles in the Liberator, Garrison supported the immediate freeing of all

slaves. This was an unpopular view during the 1830s, even with northerners who were against

slavery. What would become of all the freed slaves? Certainly they could not mix into American

society, people thought. Garrison believed that they could. He believed that, in time, all blacks would

be equal in every way to the country's white citizens. They, too, were Americans and entitled to "life,

liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."

Although not many people read the Liberator, Garrison soon gained a reputation for being the

most extreme of abolitionists. Still, his approach to freeing the slaves stressed non-violence and calm

resistance, and he did attract a following. In 1832 he helped organize the New England Anti-Slavery

Society, and, the following year, the American Anti-Slavery Society. These were the first

organizations dedicated to the idea of the immediate freedom of the slaves.

After the end of the Civil War in 1865, Garrison published his last issue of the Liberator.

After thirty five years and 1,820 issues, Garrison did not fail to publish a single issue.

Page 4: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Maria Stewart

Maria Stewart, a freeborn African American woman, was

the first American-born woman of any color to give a series of

public speeches. Motivated by political and religious

discrimination, Stewart began giving speeches and writing

pamphlets in 1831. She tried hard to better the lives of her fellow

African Americans, and spoke on a whole range of topics of

importance to the black community, including abolition, equal

rights, colonization (African Americans moving back to Africa),

educational opportunities, and racial pride and unity. She

promoted black freedom and independence from whites. In this

sense she was one of the most radical spokespersons of her time.

Maria Stewart was active in Boston from 1831 until 1833, a short career in comparison to other

abolitionists of the time, yet a career that was important in leading the way for Black women activists

that followed. She looked up to David Walker and the ideas of Black independence outlined in his

famous 1829 Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World. She viewed Walker as the example of

manhood to which all Black men should aim, and promised that she was willing to follow him to the

grave on behalf of the abolitionist cause.

She also had a life-long friendship with William Lloyd Garrison, the White founder of the

Liberator magazine and the New England Anti-Slavery Society. Garrison supported Stewart by

publishing her speeches and advertising her speaking dates in his magazine at a time when Stewart

was not merely controversial because of her political views but because of her race and gender as

well.

Her career as a public speaker was cut short, however. There was strong opposition to women

speaking in public, even from some members of the black community. Stewart handled the criticism

bravely for about a year, but then decided to stop giving public speeches. Instead, she started a long

and famous career as an educator. Stewart taught in New York and eventually opened two schools for

free African American children in Washington, D.C.

Page 5: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

David Walker

The son of a slave father and a free black mother, David

Walker was born in Wilmington, North Carolina, perhaps in 1796

or 1797. According to existing laws, since his mother was a free

black, David Walker was also free. This freedom, however, did

not protect him from seeing how horrible slavery was. He

witnessed a lot of sadness in his youth, including one disturbing

experience of a son who was forced to whip his mother until she

died. Walker traveled throughout the country, eventually settling

in Boston. But even in that free northern city, he was treated

unfairly and life was less than perfect for its black citizens.

In Boston, Walker began to become friends with important

African Americans who were fighting to end slavery. He joined groups that said slavery was bad in

the South and there was unfair treatment in the North. He became involved with the nation's first

African American newspaper, the Freedom's Journal out of New York City, to which he often wrote

for. By the end of 1828, he had become Boston's leading spokesman against slavery.

In September of 1829 he published his book Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World. He

tried to excite slaves of the South into rebelling against their master. The Appeal made a great

impression in the South, with both slaves and slaveholders. To the slaves the words were inspiring

and gave them a sense of pride and hope. The book though frightened whites and they then created

laws that made it illegal for blacks to learn to read and illegal to give out of antislavery books. They

offered a $3,000 reward for Walker's head, and $10,000 to anyone who could bring him to the South

alive. Friends concerned about his safety told him to flee to Canada. Walker responded that he would

not leave.

David Walker published a third edition of his book, Appeal in June of 1830. Two months later

he was found dead in his home. Although there was no evidence to support the idea, many believed

that he had been poisoned. Later research suggests he died of tuberculosis, the same disease that

killed his daughter.

Page 6: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Sojourner Truth

Sojourner Truth was one of the best-known black

women of her time, next to only by Harriet Tubman. Truth.

She could not read or write and left no written records apart

from her autobiographical Narrative of Sojourner Truth,

which she told to Olive Gilbert in the late 1840s. Much of

what we know about her was reported or perhaps invented by

others.

Born around 1797 in Ulster County, New York, 80

miles north of New York City, she was the next to youngest

of 10 or 12 children, and her parents, James and Elizabeth

Baumfree, named her Isabella. Isabella belonged to a series

of slave owners, including, from 1810 to 1827, a man named

Dumont. When Isabella was about 14, she married Thomas,

an older slave owned by Dumont. Between about 1815 and 1826, they had four children, Diana,

Peter, Elizabeth, and Sophia, and perhaps a fifth who died.

When New York abolished (ended) slavery in 1827, Isabella gained her freedom and traveled

to New York City, taking Peter and leaving her daughters with their father.

In 1843, Isabella made a complete break with her past, took the name she believed that God

had given her — Sojourner Truth — and gave speeches against slavery. By December she met

Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison, other abolitionists.

Truth insisted on the need to include black and working women in helping to fix problems in

the U.S. She wrote speeches about her own experience as a black woman and former slave. She was

known for giving excellent speeches.

During the Civil War, she moved to Washington, D.C., and met President Abraham Lincoln.

From 1864 to 1868, she worked with the private National Freedmen's Relief Association and the

federal Freedmen's Bureau, both of these groups helped newly freed slaves. In the 1870s, Truth

joined the American Woman Suffrage Association to help women get the right to vote. She also

suggested a proposal to give Kansas lands to poor former slaves. When thousands of southern blacks,

known as the Exodusters, actually moved to Kansas in 1879, Truth cheered for them and offered her

assistance. She returned from Kansas in 1880 and lived with her daughters in Battle Creek, New

York until her death.

Page 7: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman was born in Maryland, and was

one of 11 children of Harriet Greene and Benjamin

Ross, both slaves. At a young age, Tubman worked in

her owner's house as well as in other households. As a

teenager, she worked in the fields, gaining strength. In

her teens, she protected a slave who was running from

their owner. The owner threw a 2-pound weight at the

runaway slave that missed and struck Tubman on the

head, nearly killing her. For the rest of her life, she was

prone to sudden sleeping spells, dizziness, and

headaches, and had a deep gash on her skull.

In 1844 she married John Tubman, a free black

man. When Tubman's owner died in 1849, Tubman

feared that she and members of her family would be sold to new horrible slave-owners. Determined

to escape, she tried to get her husband to join her, but he would not. She ran away without him,

traveling at night and hiding by day until she came to Pennsylvania, a free state.

Tubman went to Philadelphia, where she cleaned and cooked for a living, saving her money

for a return trip to the South to go get other members of her family. In 1850 she made her first hidden

trip to Baltimore, Maryland, where she rescued her enslaved sister and two children. Tubman soon

became friends with black leader William Still of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, white leader Thomas

Garrett of Wilmington, Delaware, and other people helping on the Underground Railroad. The

Underground Railroad was a network of abolitionists who arranged for fugitive (run away) slaves to

travel safely from South to North, and Tubman became its most successful conductor (leader). In an

estimated 19 trips to the South from 1850 to 1860, she guided more than 300 men, women, and

children to freedom, including her own entire family. In 1857 she made perhaps her most remarkable

journey, returning to the North with her aging parents.

In her work, Tubman carried a gun, not to fight off enemies, but to force runaway slaves who

grew nervous or tired and wanted to return. "Live in the North, or die here," she is said to have told

them. She also used drugs to quiet crying babies and used several disguises. It is believed that all of

the slaves in Tubman's care made it safely to the North, even though there were large rewards offered

for her capture. After Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which required Northern states

to return escaped slaves, Tubman settled runaways in Canada, in what is now Ontario. She lived

occasionally in Canada, settling with her parents in Auburn, New York, in the late 1850s.

Page 8: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

John Greenleaf Whittier

John Greenleaf Whittier, was an abolitionist who spoke

out a lot about freeing slaves. The way he spoke out against

slavery was through poetry.

His first poem, The Exile's Departure, was published by

William Lloyd Garrison in the Newburyport Free Press in

June of 1826. Thus began a lifelong friendship with the

abolitionist leader Garrison. Whittier supported himself for a

time as a teacher and a shoemaker. Eventually, his friendship

with Garrison got him involved in politics. He became the editor of several newspapers, the American

Manufacturer in Boston and then of the Haverhill Gazette and the New England Review. He also

became a co-founder of the Liberty party, which was a political group to stop slavery.

From these newspapers, Whittier joined Garrison and others in attacking the evils of slavery.

His first collection of poems dealing with ending slavery was published in 1837. Supported by

Garrison, Whitter joined the Anti-Slavery political party. Whitter was a representative to the first

meeting of the American Anti-Slavery Convention. He wrote many Abolitionist poems and published

Justice and Expediency, a powerful anti-slavery essay.

Old diseases from his boyhood had left him in poor health and eventually he had to retire from

newspaper editing, but he continued to write all the time against slavery.

Whittier died in Hampton Falls, New Hampshire, in 1892, having lived to see the end of

slavery. Something he had fought for throughout his life.

Page 9: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an attempt

to stop slavery. You will then write a letter pretending you are

this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Jermain Loguen

Loguen was born into slavery in Davidson County,

Tennessee, the son of a white man, David Logue, and a slave

named Cherry. At age 21, he successfully escaped slavery on

his second attempt. He stole his master's horse and followed

the Underground Railroad north, finally crossing into

Canada. Loguen added an "n" to the end of his last name,

learned to read, worked many different jobs in Canada and

New York. After receiving his religious and abolitionist

education in Whitesboro, NY, he became a Minister and

spoke to his people about the evils of slavery. Loguen settled

in Syracuse, NY where his house became a major stop on the Underground Railroad

He was the stationmaster in Syracuse, New York for the Underground Railroad. In the local

newspapers he asked for money to help the run-away slaves. He was known as the “King of the

Underground Railroad” and it is estimated that he helped 1,500 slaves escape.

While most of these people remain unidentified, a few specific examples have been recorded.

On Christmas Eve, 1855, six freedom seekers left Oak Hill plantation in Loudon County, Virginia.

Two of them were captured, but the remaining four (Barnabas and Mary Elizabeth Grigby, Frank

Wanzer, and Emily Foster) stood up to the whites who were chasing them. The escaped slaves stood

up with guns and managed to escape across the Maryland-Pennsylvania line to freedom.

Not only did help slaves escape, but he also started several black schools in New York State.

This helped newly escaped slaves get an education and helped them get jobs to become successful in

their new free life.

Page 10: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Thomas Garrett

Thomas Garrett, the son of a farmer, was born on

21st August, 1789, in Delaware. He worked in the iron

trade and after marrying settled in Wilmington, Delaware.

He was strongly against slavery and joined the

Pennsylvania Abolition Society.

Delaware was a slave state, but very close to other

free states. Therefore, many slaves attempted to escape

from Delaware to go to the close by free states. Garrett

turned his home in Wilmington into the last station on the

Underground Railroad before the slaves reached freedom

in Pennsylvania. It has been estimated that Garrett helped

more than 2,000 runaway slaves escape from the Southern

states. The Maryland authorities were so angry with

Garrett that they set a reward of $10,000 for his arrest.

In 1848 Garrett was brought before a Federal court. Garrett said that he had helped fugitive

slaves and would continue to do so. His was found guilty and given a large fine that forced him into

bankruptcy. However, with the help of his anti-slavery friends, Garrett was able to re-establish his

business.

During the Civil War Garrett was threatened by pro-slavery violence in Delaware and his

home had to be protected by African American volunteers.

After the passing of the 15th Amendment which gave the vote to African Americans, Garrett

was carried through the streets of Wilmington by former slaves in an open carriage with the words

"Our Moses" written on it.

Thomas Garrett died on 25th January, 1871. He left instructions that he was to be carried to

his grave by African Americans and that they should participate in the service.

Page 11: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an attempt

to stop slavery. You will then write a letter pretending you are

this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

William Still

William Still, one of seventeen children, was born into

slavery. His father escaped to New Jersey and was later

followed by his wife and children.

Still left New Jersey for Philadelphia in 1844. Three

years later he was made the secretary of the Pennsylvania

Abolition Society. Still was the first black man to join the

society and was able to give first-hand experience of what it

was like to be a slave.

Still, created a coal business in Philadelphia that made a

lot of money. He then used his house as one of the stations on

the Underground Railroad. Still interviewed the escaped slaves and kept careful records of each so

that family and friends might locate them. According to his records, Still helped 649 slaves receive

their freedom.

After John Brown and his raid at Harper's Ferry failed in 1859 Still sheltered some of his men

and helped them escape capture.

At this time Still started fighting to end racial discrimination on Philadelphia streetcars. He

wrote an about his fight in a book called the Struggle for the Civil Rights of the Coloured People of

Philadelphia in the City Railway Cars (1867). He followed this with The Underground Railroad

(1872) and Voting and Laboring (1874).

Still started an orphanage for the children of African-American soldiers and sailors. He also

created a Mission Sabbath School and worked with the Young Men's Christian Association. Both of

these organizations worked to help young men grow up to be better citizens. William Still died in

Philadelphia on 14th July, 1902.

Page 12: LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop ... · pretending you are this abolitionist. LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery William Lloyd

Directions: Read the biography, underline facts about their

background, and underline actions the person did in an

attempt to stop slavery. You will then write a letter

pretending you are this abolitionist.

LT: I can retell what an abolitionist did to try to stop slavery

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Harriet Beecher was born June 14, 1811, the

seventh child of a famous preacher. Harriet worked as

a teacher with her older sister Catharine. She wrote

books for kids. Her first book was about geography

for children. In 1836, Harriet married Calvin Stowe

and they had seven children. Stowe helped to earn

money for her family by writing for local and

religious newspapers. During her life, she wrote

poems, travel books, biographical books, and

children's books, as well as adult novels. She met and

wrote with people as varied as Lady Byron, Oliver

Wendell Holmes, and George Eliot. She died at the

age of 85, in Hartford Connecticut.

While she wrote at least ten adult novels, Harriet Beecher Stowe is most known for her first,

Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852). This book began as a series for the Washington anti-slavery newspaper,

the National Era. It talked about the problem of slavery, and was considered scandalous at the time.

In the book, Stowe wrote about her personal experience. She knew about slavery, the antislavery

movement, and the Underground Railroad because Kentucky, nearby where Stowe had lived, was a

slave state.

The novel had a large effect on the North's view of slavery. First published on March 20, 1852,

the story focuses on the tale of Uncle Tom, a long-suffering black slave and his slave owners. The

novel shows how mean slavery was on a daily basis. It also showed that love can overcome even

something as evil as slavery.

After people ready the book, she became a celebrity, speaking against slavery both in America

and Europe. She wrote A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin (1853) which talked more about the day to day

life of a slave. She also published a second anti-slavery novel, Dred in1856. In 1862, when she

visited President Lincoln, it is said that he greeted her as "the little lady who made this big war.”