LSE Works: Department of MethodologyThe Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction?Professor Kenneth BenoitHead, Department of Methodology, LSE(@kenbenoit)

Hashtag for Twitter users: #LSEworks

Professor Sara HoboltChair in European Institutions, European Institute, LSE(@sarahobolt)

Dr Jennifer Jackson PreeceAssociate Professor in Nationalism, European Institute, LSE

Dr Jean-Christophe PlantinChair, LSE(@JCPlantin)

The Brexit Debate Through Social Media

Deliberative Discussion, or Deliberate Dysfunction?

Kenneth BenoitDepartment of Methodology, LSE

Research Team

LSE Department of Methodology

• EUENGAGE: Dr. Akitaka Matsuo, Research Officer (http://amatsuo.net)

• quanteda (the R package for managing and analyzing text) • Dr. Haiyan Wang, Research Officer • Kohei Watanabe, Ph.D Candidate (http://koheiw.net)

Imperial College London, Data Science Institute • Dr. Julio Amador Díaz López, Research Associate • David Birch, Research Associate • Prof. Mark Kennedy, Professor

social media in political communications

• approximately 400-450 million Tweets per day

• 29.2% of US population are active users

• 20% of UK population (13.1 million in 2016)

• 563 UK MPs have Twitter accounts

87% of UK MPs have Twitter accounts

How Twitter is used for political communication: to send a message

to call attention to an event or report

@mentions

#hashtags

“Retweets”

Current project: Brexit-related Tweets

• some 35 million since January

• present analysis: Through end of June (26 million)

• capture based on #hashtags, @usernames, and search terms

Hashtags: #betterdealforbritain #betteroffout #brexit #euref #eureferendum #eusummit #getoutnow #leaveeu #no2eu #notoeu #strongerin #ukineu #voteleave #wewantout #yes2eu #yestoeu brexit

Usernames:

@vote_leave @brexitwatch @eureferendum @ukandeu @notoeu @leavehq @ukineu @leaveeuofficial @ukleave_eu @strongerin @yesforeurope @grassroots_out @stronger_in

Search terms

Capture platform

Frequencies of Tweets

1e+04

1e+06

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Juldate

N

verb share post

Users in data

• 3.6M unique users

• number of tweets:

• average: 7.2

• median: 1 (more than 50% had only one tweet)

• max: 81.1K

Heavy usersusername share post NiVoteLeave 81101 3 81104iVoteStay 57615 1 57616

Col_Connaughton 0 21451 21451brexitmarch 0 20873 20873

MikkiL 18850 1407 20257Fight4UK 13785 4777 18562JodieActy 13837 1021 14858

SaraPadmore 14692 20 14712Brndstr 0 13449 13449

marie52d 12884 349 13233RoyalNavyNews 2648 10382 13030

ukleave_eu 9890 2589 12479mwengway 10072 2183 12255

Main hashtags

• List of hashtags http://rpubs.com/amatsuo/top_hashtags_10000

• c.f List of mentions http://rpubs.com/amatsuo/top_mentions_10000

Main hashtags

#bbcqt#france

#world#indyref2

#greenerin

#markets#referendum

#euro2016

#iran

#june23

#remain#ireland

#eurefready#snp

#engisl

#remainineu#c4news#inorout

#trump

#us

#boris#sunderland

#economy

#rt

#bbcsp

#brexitornot

#pmqs

#cam

eron

#tories

#eusummit #scotland

#bremain

#migrants

#iceland

#voteremain

#fed

#notmyvote

#breakingnews

#grexit

#marr

#dc

#money

#ttip

#bbc

#projecthope

#lexit

#nyc

#freebiafra

#engice

#london

#skypapers#nexit

#moreincom

mon

#labourleave #jocox

#votein

#tcot

#england

#in

#grassrootsout

#out

#tory

#voterregistration

#auspol#newsnight

#lies

#marrshow

#39

#cdnpoli

#bbcpapers

#bbcdp

#bbcnews

#labourinforbritain

#pegida

#brexit's

#euro

#europe

#regrexit

#britain

#voteleave#merkel

#gold

#ukineu#china

#bbcreferendum

#obama

#freedom

#go

#gameofthrones

#corbyn

#gove

#pound

#labourin#ukip

#eurovision

#poll

#immigration

#wales

#leave

#business

#biafra

#forex

#brexitin5words#trumptrain

#biafrexit

#muslims

#whitegenocide

#follow

#gbp

#maga

#tech

#betteroffout

#isl

#finance

#itveuref

#toryelectionfraud

#stocks

#eudebate

#leaveeu

#voteout

#trading

#039

#intogether#british

#borisjohnson

#americafirst

#farage

#texit

#vote

#eurefresult

#no2eu

#bbcdebate

#

#euistheproblem#spain

#ukreferendum

#fx

#ausvotes

#strongerout

#bregret

#ivoted

#imf

#postrefracism

#registertovote

#eu

#europeanunion

#brexitthem

ovie

#takecontrol

#jobs

#skynews

#nevertrump

#strongerin

#islam

#democracy

#fintech

#nhs

#euco#thames

#r4today

#takebackcontrol

#tomorrowspaperstoday

#c4debate

#frexit

#uk

#news

#sky

#flotilla

#brussels

#brexitfail

#londonstays#catsagainstbrexit

#politics

#eureferendum

#indyref

#labour

#germany

#bitcoin

#eurefresults

#davidcameron

#usa

#brexitvote#turkey

#greatbritain

#projectfear

#peston

#trump2016

#turnup

#greece

#independenceday

#juncker#eng

#ivotedleave

#breaking

#viral

#european

#votestay#obamainuk

#itv

#donaldtrump

#nigelfarage

Evolution of hashtags (ranking)

• Top 10

0

25

50

75

100

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

Dai

ly R

anki

ng (1

00 =

1st

)

hashtag#brexit

#eu

#euref

#eureferendum

#leaveeu

#remain

#strongerin

#uk

#ukip

#voteleave

• Hashtags decaying popularity

−50

0

50

100

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

Dai

ly R

anki

ng (1

00 =

1st

)

hashtag#bbcpapers

#euco

#eudeal

#grassrootsout

#indyref

#no2eu

#stoptheeu

#tomorrowspaperstoday

#twibbon

#ukineu

Evolution of hashtags (ranking)

Hashtags surging popularity

−40

0

40

80

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

Dai

ly R

anki

ng (1

00 =

1st

)

hashtag#bbc

#bremain

#itv

#maga

#nexit

#referendum

#remain

#sky

#takecontrol

#voteremain

Predicting Leave v. Remain

• Method: Naive Bayes classifier, also Support-Vector Machines (SVM) • Data source: combined tweet corpus at user level • Creating training data

• Select “power-users” (more than 100 tweets in the corpus, 15K users) • Check the use of pre-determined set of “leave” and “remain” hashtags • Calculate the difference in the use of leave and remain hashtags. Construct

training data from top and bottom 10% of power users • Features

• Use bag of words method (unigrams, remove features used less than 20 users)

Predicting Leave v. Remain (Feature Selection)

• Models are evaluated through

• Split training data into training and test sets

• Check the prediction accuracy for test sets

• Three models are tested (prediction accuracy for test set in parentheses)

• All words (49.4%)

• Only hashtags (82.8%)

• Hashtags and mentions (88.2%)

Predicting Leave v. Remain

N %

Remain 9,780,223 36.93%

Neutral 7,786,297 29.40%

Leave 8,914,207 33.66%

Patterns of posts, Leave v. Remain

1e+04

1e+06

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Juldate

N

side Remain Neutral Leave

MP side predictions by party

Conservative

Democratic Unionist Party

Green Party

Independent

Labour

Liberal Democrat

Plaid Cymru

Scottish National Party

Sinn Fein

Social Democratic and Labour Party

UK Independence Party

Ulster Unionist Party

0 50 100 150 200 250

sideRemain

Neutral

Leave

MP predictions from Tweets

A few well-known Twitter users

@kenbenoit

@lseabra@lseanhubbard

@lsebrexitvote

@lseechr1

@lseekford

@lseenterprise

@lsefton

@lsegreenbelt

@lsehistory

@lsei

@lseideas

@lsekaras

@lselangcentre@lselawreview@lselectric_dm

@lself1202

@lsellier@lsenerazzurra

@lsengers

@lsengler@lsenior15@lsergy

@lserio9762

@lserofthyear@lseror@lsesalter

@lsesu

@lsethy@lsetlse

@lseupr

@sarahobolt

@simonjhix

10

1000

0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2Probability of Remain

Num

ber o

f Twe

ets

sideaaa

Remain

Neutral

Leave

Leave and Remain Hashtags

Leave

Remain

Neutral

#leaveeu

#brexit

#euref

#ukip#forex

#eu

#ukineu

#eureferendum

#referendum

#davidcameron

#remain

#labourinforbritain #rt

#sky#farage

#nexit

#trading

#uk

#voteremain

#news

#fintech

#itv

#leave

#money#bbcqt#tories

#bbcdebate

#euco

#fx #grassrootsout#british

#gove

#brexitthemovie

#itveuref

#frexit

#market#gbp

#labour

#eusummit

#bbc

#out#euistheproblem#gold

#marr#nhs

#tcot

#strongerout

#lbc

#cameron

#registertovote

#business

#european

#usa

#greece

#ids

#dodgydave

#freedom

#europe

#juncker#beleave

#commonwealth

#pound

#georgeosborne

#ttip

#

#grexit

#india

#fishingforleave

#brexit's #gogogo

#bbcdp

#ft

#ivoted

#r4today

#eureform

#tech

#euarmy

#eupol

#eurefresults

#savethenhs

#bregret

#newsnight

#loveeuropeleaveeu

#finance

#sovereignty

#labourin

#notmyvote

#uktostay

#votetoleave

#trump2016

#fed

#investment

#ukpolitics

#gibraltar

#tomorrowspaperstoday

#boe#putin#love

#auspol

#immigration

#39

#live

#merkel

#dexit

#bluehand

#brexitrisks#yes2eu

#panamapapers

#bbcsp

#swexit

#stoptheeu

#strongertogether

#bbcpapers

#believeinbritain#turnup

#world

#regrexit

#c4debate

#jeremycorbyn

#nwo

#politics

#whitegenocide

#syria#union

#jobs

#bbcnews

#voteleavetakecontrol

#obama #scotland

#london

#startup

#gbpusd#cornwall

#londonstays

#sterling

#fail

#britin

#ukref #euro2016

#peace

#german

#voteleave's

#remainineu

#voteleaveeu

#turkey

#economy

#isis

#brexiters

#bojo

#specbrexit

#trump

#bnp

#takecontrolday

#feelthebern

#smallbusiness

#skynews

#wewantourfishback

#vote

#brussels

#betterin

#stocks#corbyn

#saferin

#wewantout

#pjnet

#remainin

#racism

#birmingham

#property

#dontwalkaway

#pmqs

#europeday

#usd

#bbcr4today

#health

#irexit

#lsebrexitvote#bias

#twibbon

#peston

#euro

#oil

#periscope

#stayin

#rmt

#eudebate

#tory

#greatbritain

#germany#europeanunion#breakingnews

#remainers#bobgeldof

#marrshow

#migrants

#ge2015

#wrongthenwrongnow

#bexit

#reuters

#indyref2

#england

#snp#flexcit

#nottip

#skypapers

#eurefready

#muslim

s

#superstate

#questiontime

#freshstart

Leave and Remain Features

http://rpubs.com/amatsuo/feature_scores

Leave and Remain Hashtags (LSE)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage

#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom

@mrharrycole

#eastyorkshire

#brexitpassion

#remain'rs @d6pm2

@adamboultonsky

#worried

#ecj

#pienaar@wodewose7

#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash

#52jokers

@jelle_simons

#mayelections

@smcneil3548

@keohanedan@obviousreally

#voterfraud

@rowenamason@snp

@c4ciaran@cchqpress

@paulwheeler278

@fatfei_

@zdf

@ukleave_eu

#yeseu@ybcabbie

#cac40

#brixet

@drpippam

#berkshire

#earthday

#singapore

#leadingnotleaving#winwin

#outside

#movie

#skills

@simon_nixon

#mysticclegg#stafford

#fuck@iredalepolitics

@socdemgroup@bbc's

@timothy_stanley

#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68

#slovakia

#battleofthethames@fromtga

#warsaw

@icelandmonitor

#bbcr2#battersea

#votingmatters

@solutionprovida

#euro2016

@scotgov

@isabelhardman

@euandeuropeblog

@paulnuttallukip

@death2rapegangs

@berniesanders

#cabbies

@kevina364@fionajow

#polska

@drealmie

@stephen_gash

@sbrine

@sjwrenlewis

#usepens

#disgusting

@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow

@sfbplymouth

#pollingday

@frankrgardner

#free

#45 @chakrabortty

#rmt

#londonhasfallen

@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow

#ccot

#notts#v4

@coldplay

@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism

@kennymc1978@danjukes17

#solidarity

#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes

#cepbrexit

#dontriskit

@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty

@jimalkhalili

#wanker@_tonycloud_

#betterin

#rbs

@tpy52

@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider

@dmreporter#voteleave23june

@dmccaffreysky

#londependence

@planet_pedro

#rulebritannia

@chughtaiaftab#grimston

#etuc

#italy

#macron

@rcorbettmep

#nowomanever@vivelafra

@sianberry@thehistoryguy

@freedland

#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson

#gold

#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin

@lonie_mark

#highered

#iagreewithnick

#cameronslegacy

#projectfib#prime

#buggeroffboris#invest

@crankonosborn

#schadenfreude

#cerbrexit

#outisout

#scotnight@hetty_getty

#bothvotessnp

@libdemsforleave

#pknt

#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni

@uklabourin's

@mazzucatom@moggiesrace

@heritage

@bne_group@markgatiss

#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf

@ecentauri

#projectbollox

@unionstogether

#nigel

@adriandelta1

#oops

@sajidjavid

#flexit

#competition#calmdownremain

#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy

@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_

#keiserreport

#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix

#on

@eu_buster@karinbgraham

#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit

@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning

@sirpatstew@stephennolan

#yeovil#statusquo

#radio2

@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe

#turks

@alancdavisalan

@mayoroflondon

#mustread

@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast

#l

@epinuk

@fpalondon

#undecideds

#crazy

#industry

#savedemocracy

@bbcpeterh

@david_colquhoun#kingofspin

@38_degrees#fun

@walkerworcester@djhiom

@martinschulz

@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael

@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty

@rykalski#unelected

@tcoflondon

#pencilgate

@whipitup69

#maga

#stayingineu#save

@historiansforeu@mudjokivis

@standardchester

#japan

#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate

#voted

@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets

#eudebate

#spotlight

@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency

#cameronvfarage

#howwillyouvote

#sos @jorisluyendijk

@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu

@pimlicat#baraxit

#disability@labourparty

#bmw

#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1

@1creatorltd

@bluejaneee@ukipskipton

#maastricht@jensstoltenberg

@paulxxxxx

#supportlocal

@brianw44

#con

@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk

#jewish@philsnr

@thebusinessshow

#sydney @students4europe

@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana

#wikileaks

@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw

@louhaigh

@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes

@libertarianview

@lukeblackheath#governments

@robinniblett@smithnicole896

#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky

@soberlook@wildlifetrusts

#foreignaid

@whitty0702

@iam568#dominicraab

#feminist

@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind

@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip

#britishpublic

#inflation@richardangell

@oldham_out_go

#telegraphandroid

@jimwaterson

#mrsballsup @truemythocracy

@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists

#mi6

@witchend@beargardenman

@carolinepidgeon

@ruthcadbury

#feelthebern

@hms_indomitable#chickendave

@lawyers4animals

#projectbs #blairism

@ajs_2010

@thegreenparty

#montenegro

#panama

@gatestoneinst

@thesun

#independance

@volkskrant#result

#mair#tisa

@frederickone

@acloakedfigure@wit_xx

@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty

@joannieco @derekvaughan

#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk

#tellthetruth

#ttip's

@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia

#houseofcommons

#poland

@hdner#wrong

@unilever

#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard

@alexhern

#generationeuvote

@lapgongleong

@pritch1963

#trojanhorse@raypyngotes

@amc0010

@emilythornberry

@opinium

@paulkrugman

@channel5_tv@adrianhayes

#nafta

@xlibris1

#maidavale#catch22

@reutersworld

@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani

@fredfinblogs#mothersday

@williamw1

#studentsgo

@angelneptustar

@proftomkins

#memesforbritain

@lborocrcc@007harvey

@mayoroflondon's

#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel

@scotlandtonight#patglass

#agriculture

@stayukip@jpfallon27

@geezajay2013

@kateandrs

@cityoflondon@traceyemin

#embarrassing @alanengland4

@newsrepublic

@ncr16#manutd

@uniforbritain

@t0nyyates

#timeforchange

@thetemplar5

#goldman

@sayeedawarsi

#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy

#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176

@polnyypesets#africa

@nommedetwit

#lies

@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould

#senedd@mikecoulson48

@carolynquinncq

@sheffieldstar@sonofr

@stefanmolyneux

#walrus

#adele@fbunational

@ufuhq

@albertonardelli

@trobinsonnewera

#junckermail@hjortur_j

@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon

#abclatedebate

#takecontol#there#standtogether

@rachael_swindon

@xrolet#nothankseu

#nfklive

@biaus@libdemfightbac

#orlandoshooting

#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe

@paulembery

@dafydd_wigley

@adrianshort

#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt

@sainsburys@misskatieprice

#scottishindependence

@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton

@crispinbluntmp

#londonistan#m40 #economies

#littleengland

@cep_lse#lsebrexitvote@lsebrexitvote

@lsepoliticsblog#lse @simonjhix@swatdhingralse@lseeuroppblog@lseei@lseforbusiness@lsenews@iainbegglse@lseecon@lseideas@lseplc @lse_ukineu

@lsepublicevents@sarahobolt@ecrep_lse

100

10000

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00remain

count

Leave and Remain Hashtags (Cameron)

@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom

@mrharrycole

#eastyorkshire

#brexitpassion

#remain'rs @d6pm2

@adamboultonsky

#worried

#ecj

#pienaar@wodewose7

#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash

#52jokers

@jelle_simons

#mayelections

@smcneil3548

@keohanedan@obviousreally

#voterfraud

@rowenamason@snp

@c4ciaran@cchqpress

@paulwheeler278

@fatfei_

@zdf

@ukleave_eu

#yeseu@ybcabbie

#cac40

#brixet

@drpippam

#berkshire

#earthday

#singapore

#leadingnotleaving#winwin

#outside

#movie

#skills

@simon_nixon

#mysticclegg#stafford

#fuck@iredalepolitics

@socdemgroup@bbc's

@timothy_stanley

#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68

#slovakia

#battleofthethames@fromtga

#warsaw

@icelandmonitor

#bbcr2#battersea

#votingmatters

@solutionprovida

#euro2016

@scotgov

@isabelhardman

@euandeuropeblog

@paulnuttallukip

@death2rapegangs

@berniesanders

#cabbies

@kevina364@fionajow

#polska

@drealmie

@stephen_gash

@sbrine

@sjwrenlewis

#usepens

#disgusting

@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow

@sfbplymouth

#pollingday

@frankrgardner

#free

#45 @chakrabortty

#rmt

#londonhasfallen

@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow

#ccot

#notts#v4

@coldplay

@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism

@kennymc1978@danjukes17

#solidarity

#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes

#cepbrexit

#dontriskit

@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty

@jimalkhalili

#wanker@_tonycloud_

#betterin

#rbs

@tpy52

@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider

@dmreporter#voteleave23june

@dmccaffreysky

#londependence

@planet_pedro

#rulebritannia

@chughtaiaftab#grimston

#etuc

#italy

#macron

@rcorbettmep

#nowomanever@vivelafra

@sianberry@thehistoryguy

@freedland

#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson

#gold

#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin

@lonie_mark

#highered

#iagreewithnick

#cameronslegacy

#projectfib#prime

#buggeroffboris#invest

@crankonosborn

#schadenfreude

#cerbrexit

#outisout

#scotnight@hetty_getty

#bothvotessnp

@libdemsforleave

#pknt

#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni

@uklabourin's

@mazzucatom@moggiesrace

@heritage

@bne_group@markgatiss

#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf

@ecentauri

#projectbollox

@unionstogether

#nigel

@adriandelta1

#oops

@sajidjavid

#flexit

#competition#calmdownremain

#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy

@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_

#keiserreport

#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix

#on

@eu_buster@karinbgraham

#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit

@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning

@sirpatstew@stephennolan

#yeovil#statusquo

#radio2

@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe

#turks

@alancdavisalan

@mayoroflondon

#mustread

@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast

#l

@epinuk

@fpalondon

#undecideds

#crazy

#industry

#savedemocracy

@bbcpeterh

@david_colquhoun#kingofspin

@38_degrees#fun

@walkerworcester@djhiom

@martinschulz

@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael

@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty

@rykalski#unelected

@tcoflondon

#pencilgate

@whipitup69

#maga

#stayingineu#save

@historiansforeu@mudjokivis

@standardchester

#japan

#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate

#voted

@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets

#eudebate

#spotlight

@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency

#cameronvfarage

#howwillyouvote

#sos @jorisluyendijk

@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu

@pimlicat#baraxit

#disability@labourparty

#bmw

#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1

@1creatorltd

@bluejaneee@ukipskipton

#maastricht@jensstoltenberg

@paulxxxxx

#supportlocal

@brianw44

#con

@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk

#jewish@philsnr

@thebusinessshow

#sydney @students4europe

@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana

#wikileaks

@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw

@louhaigh

@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes

@libertarianview

@lukeblackheath#governments

@robinniblett@smithnicole896

#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky

@soberlook@wildlifetrusts

#foreignaid

@whitty0702

@iam568#dominicraab

#feminist

@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind

@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip

#britishpublic

#inflation@richardangell

@oldham_out_go

#telegraphandroid

@jimwaterson

#mrsballsup @truemythocracy

@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists

#mi6

@witchend@beargardenman

@carolinepidgeon

@ruthcadbury

#feelthebern

@hms_indomitable#chickendave

@lawyers4animals

#projectbs #blairism

@ajs_2010

@thegreenparty

#montenegro

#panama

@gatestoneinst

@thesun

#independance

@volkskrant#result

#mair#tisa

@frederickone

@acloakedfigure@wit_xx

@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty

@joannieco @derekvaughan

#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk

#tellthetruth

#ttip's

@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia

#houseofcommons

#poland

@hdner#wrong

@unilever

#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard

@alexhern

#generationeuvote

@lapgongleong

@pritch1963

#trojanhorse@raypyngotes

@amc0010

@emilythornberry

@opinium

@paulkrugman

@channel5_tv@adrianhayes

#nafta

@xlibris1

#maidavale#catch22

@reutersworld

@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani

@fredfinblogs#mothersday

@williamw1

#studentsgo

@angelneptustar

@proftomkins

#memesforbritain

@lborocrcc@007harvey

@mayoroflondon's

#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel

@scotlandtonight#patglass

#agriculture

@stayukip@jpfallon27

@geezajay2013

@kateandrs

@cityoflondon@traceyemin

#embarrassing @alanengland4

@newsrepublic

@ncr16#manutd

@uniforbritain

@t0nyyates

#timeforchange

@thetemplar5

#goldman

@sayeedawarsi

#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy

#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176

@polnyypesets#africa

@nommedetwit

#lies

@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould

#senedd@mikecoulson48

@carolynquinncq

@sheffieldstar@sonofr

@stefanmolyneux

#walrus

#adele@fbunational

@ufuhq

@albertonardelli

@trobinsonnewera

#junckermail@hjortur_j

@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon

#abclatedebate

#takecontol#there#standtogether

@rachael_swindon

@xrolet#nothankseu

#nfklive

@biaus@libdemfightbac

#orlandoshooting

#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe

@paulembery

@dafydd_wigley

@adrianshort

#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt

@sainsburys@misskatieprice

#scottishindependence

@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton

@crispinbluntmp

#londonistan#m40 #economies

#littleengland

@david_cameron

#davidcameron#cameron

#cameron's@david_cameron's

#resigncameron@davidcameron#davidcameron's#resigndavidcameron@cameron#david_cameron

##davidcameron#liarcameron

@costofcameron#scameron #cursedavidcameron#sackcameron#dodgydavecameron#fuckoffcameron #liardavidcameron

100

10000

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00remain

count

Leave and Remain Hashtags (Boris Johnson)

@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom

@mrharrycole

#eastyorkshire

#brexitpassion

#remain'rs @d6pm2

@adamboultonsky

#worried

#ecj

#pienaar@wodewose7

#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash

#52jokers

@jelle_simons

#mayelections

@smcneil3548

@keohanedan@obviousreally

#voterfraud

@rowenamason@snp

@c4ciaran@cchqpress

@paulwheeler278

@fatfei_

@zdf

@ukleave_eu

#yeseu@ybcabbie

#cac40

#brixet

@drpippam

#berkshire

#earthday

#singapore

#leadingnotleaving#winwin

#outside

#movie

#skills

@simon_nixon

#mysticclegg#stafford

#fuck@iredalepolitics

@socdemgroup@bbc's

@timothy_stanley

#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68

#slovakia

#battleofthethames@fromtga

#warsaw

@icelandmonitor

#bbcr2#battersea

#votingmatters

@solutionprovida

#euro2016

@scotgov

@isabelhardman

@euandeuropeblog

@paulnuttallukip

@death2rapegangs

@berniesanders

#cabbies

@kevina364@fionajow

#polska

@drealmie

@stephen_gash

@sbrine

@sjwrenlewis

#usepens

#disgusting

@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow

@sfbplymouth

#pollingday

@frankrgardner

#free

#45 @chakrabortty

#rmt

#londonhasfallen

@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow

#ccot

#notts#v4

@coldplay

@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism

@kennymc1978@danjukes17

#solidarity

#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes

#cepbrexit

#dontriskit

@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty

@jimalkhalili

#wanker@_tonycloud_

#betterin

#rbs

@tpy52

@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider

@dmreporter#voteleave23june

@dmccaffreysky

#londependence

@planet_pedro

#rulebritannia

@chughtaiaftab#grimston

#etuc

#italy

#macron

@rcorbettmep

#nowomanever@vivelafra

@sianberry@thehistoryguy

@freedland

#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson

#gold

#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin

@lonie_mark

#highered

#iagreewithnick

#cameronslegacy

#projectfib#prime

#buggeroffboris#invest

@crankonosborn

#schadenfreude

#cerbrexit

#outisout

#scotnight@hetty_getty

#bothvotessnp

@libdemsforleave

#pknt

#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni

@uklabourin's

@mazzucatom@moggiesrace

@heritage

@bne_group@markgatiss

#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf

@ecentauri

#projectbollox

@unionstogether

#nigel

@adriandelta1

#oops

@sajidjavid

#flexit

#competition#calmdownremain

#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy

@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_

#keiserreport

#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix

#on

@eu_buster@karinbgraham

#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit

@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning

@sirpatstew@stephennolan

#yeovil#statusquo

#radio2

@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe

#turks

@alancdavisalan

@mayoroflondon

#mustread

@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast

#l

@epinuk

@fpalondon

#undecideds

#crazy

#industry

#savedemocracy

@bbcpeterh

@david_colquhoun#kingofspin

@38_degrees#fun

@walkerworcester@djhiom

@martinschulz

@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael

@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty

@rykalski#unelected

@tcoflondon

#pencilgate

@whipitup69

#maga

#stayingineu#save

@historiansforeu@mudjokivis

@standardchester

#japan

#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate

#voted

@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets

#eudebate

#spotlight

@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency

#cameronvfarage

#howwillyouvote

#sos @jorisluyendijk

@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu

@pimlicat#baraxit

#disability@labourparty

#bmw

#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1

@1creatorltd

@bluejaneee@ukipskipton

#maastricht@jensstoltenberg

@paulxxxxx

#supportlocal

@brianw44

#con

@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk

#jewish@philsnr

@thebusinessshow

#sydney @students4europe

@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana

#wikileaks

@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw

@louhaigh

@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes

@libertarianview

@lukeblackheath#governments

@robinniblett@smithnicole896

#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky

@soberlook@wildlifetrusts

#foreignaid

@whitty0702

@iam568#dominicraab

#feminist

@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind

@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip

#britishpublic

#inflation@richardangell

@oldham_out_go

#telegraphandroid

@jimwaterson

#mrsballsup @truemythocracy

@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists

#mi6

@witchend@beargardenman

@carolinepidgeon

@ruthcadbury

#feelthebern

@hms_indomitable#chickendave

@lawyers4animals

#projectbs #blairism

@ajs_2010

@thegreenparty

#montenegro

#panama

@gatestoneinst

@thesun

#independance

@volkskrant#result

#mair#tisa

@frederickone

@acloakedfigure@wit_xx

@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty

@joannieco @derekvaughan

#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk

#tellthetruth

#ttip's

@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia

#houseofcommons

#poland

@hdner#wrong

@unilever

#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard

@alexhern

#generationeuvote

@lapgongleong

@pritch1963

#trojanhorse@raypyngotes

@amc0010

@emilythornberry

@opinium

@paulkrugman

@channel5_tv@adrianhayes

#nafta

@xlibris1

#maidavale#catch22

@reutersworld

@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani

@fredfinblogs#mothersday

@williamw1

#studentsgo

@angelneptustar

@proftomkins

#memesforbritain

@lborocrcc@007harvey

@mayoroflondon's

#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel

@scotlandtonight#patglass

#agriculture

@stayukip@jpfallon27

@geezajay2013

@kateandrs

@cityoflondon@traceyemin

#embarrassing @alanengland4

@newsrepublic

@ncr16#manutd

@uniforbritain

@t0nyyates

#timeforchange

@thetemplar5

#goldman

@sayeedawarsi

#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy

#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176

@polnyypesets#africa

@nommedetwit

#lies

@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould

#senedd@mikecoulson48

@carolynquinncq

@sheffieldstar@sonofr

@stefanmolyneux

#walrus

#adele@fbunational

@ufuhq

@albertonardelli

@trobinsonnewera

#junckermail@hjortur_j

@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon

#abclatedebate

#takecontol#there#standtogether

@rachael_swindon

@xrolet#nothankseu

#nfklive

@biaus@libdemfightbac

#orlandoshooting

#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe

@paulembery

@dafydd_wigley

@adrianshort

#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt

@sainsburys@misskatieprice

#scottishindependence

@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton

@crispinbluntmp

#londonistan#m40 #economies

#littleengland

@borisjohnson

@borisjohnson's

#buggeroffboris#borisvdave#bebraveboris #borisbus #borisjohnson's##borisjohnson#borisforpm#borissaysleave #curseborisjohnson #boris's@boris #boristrump#goboris #askboris #borismyths

#whatborissaid #boris4pm#borisspeech @borislondon #borisisbananas#teamboris #borisandgove #brexitboris#borisbacksbrexit

100

10000

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00remain

count

Leave and Remain Hashtags (Gove)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage

#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom

@mrharrycole

#eastyorkshire

#brexitpassion

#remain'rs @d6pm2

@adamboultonsky

#worried

#ecj

#pienaar@wodewose7

#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash

#52jokers

@jelle_simons

#mayelections

@smcneil3548

@keohanedan@obviousreally

#voterfraud

@rowenamason@snp

@c4ciaran@cchqpress

@paulwheeler278

@fatfei_

@zdf

@ukleave_eu

#yeseu@ybcabbie

#cac40

#brixet

@drpippam

#berkshire

#earthday

#singapore

#leadingnotleaving#winwin

#outside

#movie

#skills

@simon_nixon

#mysticclegg#stafford

#fuck@iredalepolitics

@socdemgroup@bbc's

@timothy_stanley

#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68

#slovakia

#battleofthethames@fromtga

#warsaw

@icelandmonitor

#bbcr2#battersea

#votingmatters

@solutionprovida

#euro2016

@scotgov

@isabelhardman

@euandeuropeblog

@paulnuttallukip

@death2rapegangs

@berniesanders

#cabbies

@kevina364@fionajow

#polska

@drealmie

@stephen_gash

@sbrine

@sjwrenlewis

#usepens

#disgusting

@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow

@sfbplymouth

#pollingday

@frankrgardner

#free

#45 @chakrabortty

#rmt

#londonhasfallen

@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow

#ccot

#notts#v4

@coldplay

@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism

@kennymc1978@danjukes17

#solidarity

#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes

#cepbrexit

#dontriskit

@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty

@jimalkhalili

#wanker@_tonycloud_

#betterin

#rbs

@tpy52

@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider

@dmreporter#voteleave23june

@dmccaffreysky

#londependence

@planet_pedro

#rulebritannia

@chughtaiaftab#grimston

#etuc

#italy

#macron

@rcorbettmep

#nowomanever@vivelafra

@sianberry@thehistoryguy

@freedland

#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson

#gold

#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin

@lonie_mark

#highered

#iagreewithnick

#cameronslegacy

#projectfib#prime

#buggeroffboris#invest

@crankonosborn

#schadenfreude

#cerbrexit

#outisout

#scotnight@hetty_getty

#bothvotessnp

@libdemsforleave

#pknt

#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni

@uklabourin's

@mazzucatom@moggiesrace

@heritage

@bne_group@markgatiss

#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf

@ecentauri

#projectbollox

@unionstogether

#nigel

@adriandelta1

#oops

@sajidjavid

#flexit

#competition#calmdownremain

#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy

@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_

#keiserreport

#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix

#on

@eu_buster@karinbgraham

#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit

@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning

@sirpatstew@stephennolan

#yeovil#statusquo

#radio2

@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe

#turks

@alancdavisalan

@mayoroflondon

#mustread

@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast

#l

@epinuk

@fpalondon

#undecideds

#crazy

#industry

#savedemocracy

@bbcpeterh

@david_colquhoun#kingofspin

@38_degrees#fun

@walkerworcester@djhiom

@martinschulz

@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael

@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty

@rykalski#unelected

@tcoflondon

#pencilgate

@whipitup69

#maga

#stayingineu#save

@historiansforeu@mudjokivis

@standardchester

#japan

#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate

#voted

@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets

#eudebate

#spotlight

@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency

#cameronvfarage

#howwillyouvote

#sos @jorisluyendijk

@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu

@pimlicat#baraxit

#disability@labourparty

#bmw

#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1

@1creatorltd

@bluejaneee@ukipskipton

#maastricht@jensstoltenberg

@paulxxxxx

#supportlocal

@brianw44

#con

@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk

#jewish@philsnr

@thebusinessshow

#sydney @students4europe

@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana

#wikileaks

@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw

@louhaigh

@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes

@libertarianview

@lukeblackheath#governments

@robinniblett@smithnicole896

#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky

@soberlook@wildlifetrusts

#foreignaid

@whitty0702

@iam568#dominicraab

#feminist

@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind

@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip

#britishpublic

#inflation@richardangell

@oldham_out_go

#telegraphandroid

@jimwaterson

#mrsballsup @truemythocracy

@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists

#mi6

@witchend@beargardenman

@carolinepidgeon

@ruthcadbury

#feelthebern

@hms_indomitable#chickendave

@lawyers4animals

#projectbs #blairism

@ajs_2010

@thegreenparty

#montenegro

#panama

@gatestoneinst

@thesun

#independance

@volkskrant#result

#mair#tisa

@frederickone

@acloakedfigure@wit_xx

@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty

@joannieco @derekvaughan

#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk

#tellthetruth

#ttip's

@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia

#houseofcommons

#poland

@hdner#wrong

@unilever

#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard

@alexhern

#generationeuvote

@lapgongleong

@pritch1963

#trojanhorse@raypyngotes

@amc0010

@emilythornberry

@opinium

@paulkrugman

@channel5_tv@adrianhayes

#nafta

@xlibris1

#maidavale#catch22

@reutersworld

@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani

@fredfinblogs#mothersday

@williamw1

#studentsgo

@angelneptustar

@proftomkins

#memesforbritain

@lborocrcc@007harvey

@mayoroflondon's

#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel

@scotlandtonight#patglass

#agriculture

@stayukip@jpfallon27

@geezajay2013

@kateandrs

@cityoflondon@traceyemin

#embarrassing @alanengland4

@newsrepublic

@ncr16#manutd

@uniforbritain

@t0nyyates

#timeforchange

@thetemplar5

#goldman

@sayeedawarsi

#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy

#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176

@polnyypesets#africa

@nommedetwit

#lies

@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould

#senedd@mikecoulson48

@carolynquinncq

@sheffieldstar@sonofr

@stefanmolyneux

#walrus

#adele@fbunational

@ufuhq

@albertonardelli

@trobinsonnewera

#junckermail@hjortur_j

@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon

#abclatedebate

#takecontol#there#standtogether

@rachael_swindon

@xrolet#nothankseu

#nfklive

@biaus@libdemfightbac

#orlandoshooting

#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe

@paulembery

@dafydd_wigley

@adrianshort

#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt

@sainsburys@misskatieprice

#scottishindependence

@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton

@crispinbluntmp

#londonistan#m40 #economies

#littleengland

#gove#michaelgove

#gove's@michaelgovemp@michael_gove

#michaelgove's@mickgove@mgovemp#borisandgove@michaelgove

100

10000

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00remain

count

Leave and Remain Hashtags (Farage)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage

#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom

@mrharrycole

#eastyorkshire

#brexitpassion

#remain'rs @d6pm2

@adamboultonsky

#worried

#ecj

#pienaar@wodewose7

#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash

#52jokers

@jelle_simons

#mayelections

@smcneil3548

@keohanedan@obviousreally

#voterfraud

@rowenamason@snp

@c4ciaran@cchqpress

@paulwheeler278

@fatfei_

@zdf

@ukleave_eu

#yeseu@ybcabbie

#cac40

#brixet

@drpippam

#berkshire

#earthday

#singapore

#leadingnotleaving#winwin

#outside

#movie

#skills

@simon_nixon

#mysticclegg#stafford

#fuck@iredalepolitics

@socdemgroup@bbc's

@timothy_stanley

#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68

#slovakia

#battleofthethames@fromtga

#warsaw

@icelandmonitor

#bbcr2#battersea

#votingmatters

@solutionprovida

#euro2016

@scotgov

@isabelhardman

@euandeuropeblog

@paulnuttallukip

@death2rapegangs

@berniesanders

#cabbies

@kevina364@fionajow

#polska

@drealmie

@stephen_gash

@sbrine

@sjwrenlewis

#usepens

#disgusting

@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow

@sfbplymouth

#pollingday

@frankrgardner

#free

#45 @chakrabortty

#rmt

#londonhasfallen

@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow

#ccot

#notts#v4

@coldplay

@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism

@kennymc1978@danjukes17

#solidarity

#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes

#cepbrexit

#dontriskit

@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty

@jimalkhalili

#wanker@_tonycloud_

#betterin

#rbs

@tpy52

@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider

@dmreporter#voteleave23june

@dmccaffreysky

#londependence

@planet_pedro

#rulebritannia

@chughtaiaftab#grimston

#etuc

#italy

#macron

@rcorbettmep

#nowomanever@vivelafra

@sianberry@thehistoryguy

@freedland

#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson

#gold

#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin

@lonie_mark

#highered

#iagreewithnick

#cameronslegacy

#projectfib#prime

#buggeroffboris#invest

@crankonosborn

#schadenfreude

#cerbrexit

#outisout

#scotnight@hetty_getty

#bothvotessnp

@libdemsforleave

#pknt

#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni

@uklabourin's

@mazzucatom@moggiesrace

@heritage

@bne_group@markgatiss

#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf

@ecentauri

#projectbollox

@unionstogether

#nigel

@adriandelta1

#oops

@sajidjavid

#flexit

#competition#calmdownremain

#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy

@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_

#keiserreport

#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix

#on

@eu_buster@karinbgraham

#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit

@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning

@sirpatstew@stephennolan

#yeovil#statusquo

#radio2

@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe

#turks

@alancdavisalan

@mayoroflondon

#mustread

@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast

#l

@epinuk

@fpalondon

#undecideds

#crazy

#industry

#savedemocracy

@bbcpeterh

@david_colquhoun#kingofspin

@38_degrees#fun

@walkerworcester@djhiom

@martinschulz

@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael

@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty

@rykalski#unelected

@tcoflondon

#pencilgate

@whipitup69

#maga

#stayingineu#save

@historiansforeu@mudjokivis

@standardchester

#japan

#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate

#voted

@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets

#eudebate

#spotlight

@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency

#cameronvfarage

#howwillyouvote

#sos @jorisluyendijk

@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu

@pimlicat#baraxit

#disability@labourparty

#bmw

#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1

@1creatorltd

@bluejaneee@ukipskipton

#maastricht@jensstoltenberg

@paulxxxxx

#supportlocal

@brianw44

#con

@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk

#jewish@philsnr

@thebusinessshow

#sydney @students4europe

@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana

#wikileaks

@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw

@louhaigh

@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes

@libertarianview

@lukeblackheath#governments

@robinniblett@smithnicole896

#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky

@soberlook@wildlifetrusts

#foreignaid

@whitty0702

@iam568#dominicraab

#feminist

@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind

@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip

#britishpublic

#inflation@richardangell

@oldham_out_go

#telegraphandroid

@jimwaterson

#mrsballsup @truemythocracy

@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists

#mi6

@witchend@beargardenman

@carolinepidgeon

@ruthcadbury

#feelthebern

@hms_indomitable#chickendave

@lawyers4animals

#projectbs #blairism

@ajs_2010

@thegreenparty

#montenegro

#panama

@gatestoneinst

@thesun

#independance

@volkskrant#result

#mair#tisa

@frederickone

@acloakedfigure@wit_xx

@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty

@joannieco @derekvaughan

#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk

#tellthetruth

#ttip's

@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia

#houseofcommons

#poland

@hdner#wrong

@unilever

#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard

@alexhern

#generationeuvote

@lapgongleong

@pritch1963

#trojanhorse@raypyngotes

@amc0010

@emilythornberry

@opinium

@paulkrugman

@channel5_tv@adrianhayes

#nafta

@xlibris1

#maidavale#catch22

@reutersworld

@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani

@fredfinblogs#mothersday

@williamw1

#studentsgo

@angelneptustar

@proftomkins

#memesforbritain

@lborocrcc@007harvey

@mayoroflondon's

#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel

@scotlandtonight#patglass

#agriculture

@stayukip@jpfallon27

@geezajay2013

@kateandrs

@cityoflondon@traceyemin

#embarrassing @alanengland4

@newsrepublic

@ncr16#manutd

@uniforbritain

@t0nyyates

#timeforchange

@thetemplar5

#goldman

@sayeedawarsi

#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy

#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176

@polnyypesets#africa

@nommedetwit

#lies

@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould

#senedd@mikecoulson48

@carolynquinncq

@sheffieldstar@sonofr

@stefanmolyneux

#walrus

#adele@fbunational

@ufuhq

@albertonardelli

@trobinsonnewera

#junckermail@hjortur_j

@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon

#abclatedebate

#takecontol#there#standtogether

@rachael_swindon

@xrolet#nothankseu

#nfklive

@biaus@libdemfightbac

#orlandoshooting

#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe

@paulembery

@dafydd_wigley

@adrianshort

#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt

@sainsburys@misskatieprice

#scottishindependence

@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton

@crispinbluntmp

#londonistan#m40 #economies

#littleengland

@nigel_farage

#farage

#nigelfarage

@nigelfarage#suggestajobforfarage#teamfarage

#nigel_farage @farage#phonefarage#cameronvfarage

100

10000

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00remain

count

Leave and Remain Hashtags (Corbyn)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage

#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom

@mrharrycole

#eastyorkshire

#brexitpassion

#remain'rs @d6pm2

@adamboultonsky

#worried

#ecj

#pienaar@wodewose7

#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash

#52jokers

@jelle_simons

#mayelections

@smcneil3548

@keohanedan@obviousreally

#voterfraud

@rowenamason@snp

@c4ciaran@cchqpress

@paulwheeler278

@fatfei_

@zdf

@ukleave_eu

#yeseu@ybcabbie

#cac40

#brixet

@drpippam

#berkshire

#earthday

#singapore

#leadingnotleaving#winwin

#outside

#movie

#skills

@simon_nixon

#mysticclegg#stafford

#fuck@iredalepolitics

@socdemgroup@bbc's

@timothy_stanley

#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68

#slovakia

#battleofthethames@fromtga

#warsaw

@icelandmonitor

#bbcr2#battersea

#votingmatters

@solutionprovida

#euro2016

@scotgov

@isabelhardman

@euandeuropeblog

@paulnuttallukip

@death2rapegangs

@berniesanders

#cabbies

@kevina364@fionajow

#polska

@drealmie

@stephen_gash

@sbrine

@sjwrenlewis

#usepens

#disgusting

@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow

@sfbplymouth

#pollingday

@frankrgardner

#free

#45 @chakrabortty

#rmt

#londonhasfallen

@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow

#ccot

#notts#v4

@coldplay

@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism

@kennymc1978@danjukes17

#solidarity

#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes

#cepbrexit

#dontriskit

@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty

@jimalkhalili

#wanker@_tonycloud_

#betterin

#rbs

@tpy52

@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider

@dmreporter#voteleave23june

@dmccaffreysky

#londependence

@planet_pedro

#rulebritannia

@chughtaiaftab#grimston

#etuc

#italy

#macron

@rcorbettmep

#nowomanever@vivelafra

@sianberry@thehistoryguy

@freedland

#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson

#gold

#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin

@lonie_mark

#highered

#iagreewithnick

#cameronslegacy

#projectfib#prime

#buggeroffboris#invest

@crankonosborn

#schadenfreude

#cerbrexit

#outisout

#scotnight@hetty_getty

#bothvotessnp

@libdemsforleave

#pknt

#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni

@uklabourin's

@mazzucatom@moggiesrace

@heritage

@bne_group@markgatiss

#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf

@ecentauri

#projectbollox

@unionstogether

#nigel

@adriandelta1

#oops

@sajidjavid

#flexit

#competition#calmdownremain

#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy

@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_

#keiserreport

#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix

#on

@eu_buster@karinbgraham

#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit

@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning

@sirpatstew@stephennolan

#yeovil#statusquo

#radio2

@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe

#turks

@alancdavisalan

@mayoroflondon

#mustread

@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast

#l

@epinuk

@fpalondon

#undecideds

#crazy

#industry

#savedemocracy

@bbcpeterh

@david_colquhoun#kingofspin

@38_degrees#fun

@walkerworcester@djhiom

@martinschulz

@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael

@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty

@rykalski#unelected

@tcoflondon

#pencilgate

@whipitup69

#maga

#stayingineu#save

@historiansforeu@mudjokivis

@standardchester

#japan

#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate

#voted

@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets

#eudebate

#spotlight

@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency

#cameronvfarage

#howwillyouvote

#sos @jorisluyendijk

@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu

@pimlicat#baraxit

#disability@labourparty

#bmw

#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1

@1creatorltd

@bluejaneee@ukipskipton

#maastricht@jensstoltenberg

@paulxxxxx

#supportlocal

@brianw44

#con

@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk

#jewish@philsnr

@thebusinessshow

#sydney @students4europe

@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana

#wikileaks

@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw

@louhaigh

@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes

@libertarianview

@lukeblackheath#governments

@robinniblett@smithnicole896

#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky

@soberlook@wildlifetrusts

#foreignaid

@whitty0702

@iam568#dominicraab

#feminist

@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind

@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip

#britishpublic

#inflation@richardangell

@oldham_out_go

#telegraphandroid

@jimwaterson

#mrsballsup @truemythocracy

@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists

#mi6

@witchend@beargardenman

@carolinepidgeon

@ruthcadbury

#feelthebern

@hms_indomitable#chickendave

@lawyers4animals

#projectbs #blairism

@ajs_2010

@thegreenparty

#montenegro

#panama

@gatestoneinst

@thesun

#independance

@volkskrant#result

#mair#tisa

@frederickone

@acloakedfigure@wit_xx

@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty

@joannieco @derekvaughan

#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk

#tellthetruth

#ttip's

@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia

#houseofcommons

#poland

@hdner#wrong

@unilever

#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard

@alexhern

#generationeuvote

@lapgongleong

@pritch1963

#trojanhorse@raypyngotes

@amc0010

@emilythornberry

@opinium

@paulkrugman

@channel5_tv@adrianhayes

#nafta

@xlibris1

#maidavale#catch22

@reutersworld

@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani

@fredfinblogs#mothersday

@williamw1

#studentsgo

@angelneptustar

@proftomkins

#memesforbritain

@lborocrcc@007harvey

@mayoroflondon's

#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel

@scotlandtonight#patglass

#agriculture

@stayukip@jpfallon27

@geezajay2013

@kateandrs

@cityoflondon@traceyemin

#embarrassing @alanengland4

@newsrepublic

@ncr16#manutd

@uniforbritain

@t0nyyates

#timeforchange

@thetemplar5

#goldman

@sayeedawarsi

#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy

#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176

@polnyypesets#africa

@nommedetwit

#lies

@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould

#senedd@mikecoulson48

@carolynquinncq

@sheffieldstar@sonofr

@stefanmolyneux

#walrus

#adele@fbunational

@ufuhq

@albertonardelli

@trobinsonnewera

#junckermail@hjortur_j

@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon

#abclatedebate

#takecontol#there#standtogether

@rachael_swindon

@xrolet#nothankseu

#nfklive

@biaus@libdemfightbac

#orlandoshooting

#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe

@paulembery

@dafydd_wigley

@adrianshort

#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt

@sainsburys@misskatieprice

#scottishindependence

@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton

@crispinbluntmp

#londonistan#m40 #economies

#littleengland

@jeremycorbyn

#corbyn

#jeremycorbyn

#keepcorbyn

@piers_corbyn

#cowardcorbyn @jeremeycorbyn#imwithcorbyn#freecorbyn

100

10000

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00remain

count

Leave and Remain Hashtags (LSE)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage

#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom

@mrharrycole

#eastyorkshire

#brexitpassion

#remain'rs @d6pm2

@adamboultonsky

#worried

#ecj

#pienaar@wodewose7

#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash

#52jokers

@jelle_simons

#mayelections

@smcneil3548

@keohanedan@obviousreally

#voterfraud

@rowenamason@snp

@c4ciaran@cchqpress

@paulwheeler278

@fatfei_

@zdf

@ukleave_eu

#yeseu@ybcabbie

#cac40

#brixet

@drpippam

#berkshire

#earthday

#singapore

#leadingnotleaving#winwin

#outside

#movie

#skills

@simon_nixon

#mysticclegg#stafford

#fuck@iredalepolitics

@socdemgroup@bbc's

@timothy_stanley

#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68

#slovakia

#battleofthethames@fromtga

#warsaw

@icelandmonitor

#bbcr2#battersea

#votingmatters

@solutionprovida

#euro2016

@scotgov

@isabelhardman

@euandeuropeblog

@paulnuttallukip

@death2rapegangs

@berniesanders

#cabbies

@kevina364@fionajow

#polska

@drealmie

@stephen_gash

@sbrine

@sjwrenlewis

#usepens

#disgusting

@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow

@sfbplymouth

#pollingday

@frankrgardner

#free

#45 @chakrabortty

#rmt

#londonhasfallen

@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow

#ccot

#notts#v4

@coldplay

@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism

@kennymc1978@danjukes17

#solidarity

#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes

#cepbrexit

#dontriskit

@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty

@jimalkhalili

#wanker@_tonycloud_

#betterin

#rbs

@tpy52

@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider

@dmreporter#voteleave23june

@dmccaffreysky

#londependence

@planet_pedro

#rulebritannia

@chughtaiaftab#grimston

#etuc

#italy

#macron

@rcorbettmep

#nowomanever@vivelafra

@sianberry@thehistoryguy

@freedland

#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson

#gold

#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin

@lonie_mark

#highered

#iagreewithnick

#cameronslegacy

#projectfib#prime

#buggeroffboris#invest

@crankonosborn

#schadenfreude

#cerbrexit

#outisout

#scotnight@hetty_getty

#bothvotessnp

@libdemsforleave

#pknt

#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni

@uklabourin's

@mazzucatom@moggiesrace

@heritage

@bne_group@markgatiss

#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf

@ecentauri

#projectbollox

@unionstogether

#nigel

@adriandelta1

#oops

@sajidjavid

#flexit

#competition#calmdownremain

#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy

@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_

#keiserreport

#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix

#on

@eu_buster@karinbgraham

#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit

@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning

@sirpatstew@stephennolan

#yeovil#statusquo

#radio2

@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe

#turks

@alancdavisalan

@mayoroflondon

#mustread

@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast

#l

@epinuk

@fpalondon

#undecideds

#crazy

#industry

#savedemocracy

@bbcpeterh

@david_colquhoun#kingofspin

@38_degrees#fun

@walkerworcester@djhiom

@martinschulz

@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael

@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty

@rykalski#unelected

@tcoflondon

#pencilgate

@whipitup69

#maga

#stayingineu#save

@historiansforeu@mudjokivis

@standardchester

#japan

#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate

#voted

@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets

#eudebate

#spotlight

@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency

#cameronvfarage

#howwillyouvote

#sos @jorisluyendijk

@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu

@pimlicat#baraxit

#disability@labourparty

#bmw

#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1

@1creatorltd

@bluejaneee@ukipskipton

#maastricht@jensstoltenberg

@paulxxxxx

#supportlocal

@brianw44

#con

@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk

#jewish@philsnr

@thebusinessshow

#sydney @students4europe

@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana

#wikileaks

@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw

@louhaigh

@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes

@libertarianview

@lukeblackheath#governments

@robinniblett@smithnicole896

#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky

@soberlook@wildlifetrusts

#foreignaid

@whitty0702

@iam568#dominicraab

#feminist

@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind

@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip

#britishpublic

#inflation@richardangell

@oldham_out_go

#telegraphandroid

@jimwaterson

#mrsballsup @truemythocracy

@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists

#mi6

@witchend@beargardenman

@carolinepidgeon

@ruthcadbury

#feelthebern

@hms_indomitable#chickendave

@lawyers4animals

#projectbs #blairism

@ajs_2010

@thegreenparty

#montenegro

#panama

@gatestoneinst

@thesun

#independance

@volkskrant#result

#mair#tisa

@frederickone

@acloakedfigure@wit_xx

@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty

@joannieco @derekvaughan

#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk

#tellthetruth

#ttip's

@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia

#houseofcommons

#poland

@hdner#wrong

@unilever

#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard

@alexhern

#generationeuvote

@lapgongleong

@pritch1963

#trojanhorse@raypyngotes

@amc0010

@emilythornberry

@opinium

@paulkrugman

@channel5_tv@adrianhayes

#nafta

@xlibris1

#maidavale#catch22

@reutersworld

@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani

@fredfinblogs#mothersday

@williamw1

#studentsgo

@angelneptustar

@proftomkins

#memesforbritain

@lborocrcc@007harvey

@mayoroflondon's

#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel

@scotlandtonight#patglass

#agriculture

@stayukip@jpfallon27

@geezajay2013

@kateandrs

@cityoflondon@traceyemin

#embarrassing @alanengland4

@newsrepublic

@ncr16#manutd

@uniforbritain

@t0nyyates

#timeforchange

@thetemplar5

#goldman

@sayeedawarsi

#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy

#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176

@polnyypesets#africa

@nommedetwit

#lies

@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould

#senedd@mikecoulson48

@carolynquinncq

@sheffieldstar@sonofr

@stefanmolyneux

#walrus

#adele@fbunational

@ufuhq

@albertonardelli

@trobinsonnewera

#junckermail@hjortur_j

@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon

#abclatedebate

#takecontol#there#standtogether

@rachael_swindon

@xrolet#nothankseu

#nfklive

@biaus@libdemfightbac

#orlandoshooting

#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe

@paulembery

@dafydd_wigley

@adrianshort

#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt

@sainsburys@misskatieprice

#scottishindependence

@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton

@crispinbluntmp

#londonistan#m40 #economies

#littleengland

#theresamay

@theresamay_mp#nowaymay

@theresamay2016#nevermay #teresamay#tmay

#nevertheresamay

100

10000

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00remain

count

Leave v.Remain Hashtags

SVM classification Europe-wide: Remain

SVM classification Europe-wide: Leave

Hashtag Networks (Top 300, across sides)

#leaveeu

#brexit

#euref

#eureferendum#uk

#eu

#ukip

#putin

#forex#stoptheeu

#london

#trading

#beleave

#europe#world

#news

#isis

#russia

#cameron

#leave

#voteukip#ge2015

#bitcoin

#tory

#merkel

#health

#uk's

#pmqs

#media

#bbc #syria

#france

#paris

#stocks

#business

#fx

#grexit

#europeanunion

#refugees#migrants

#remain

#indyref2

#gbp

#sterling

#r4today

#migrantcrisis

#believeinbritain

#votestay

#remainineu

#corbyn #tcot

#pjnet

#politics

#immigration

#flexcit

#bluehand

#euro

#labour

#c4news

#freedom

#ids

#nato#labourinforbritain

#ftse

#eurozone

#china

#jobs

#finance

#ft

#snp

#economy

#turkey

#stayineu

#voteremain#whitegenocide

#trump

#ccot

#spain

#farage

#tomorrowspaperstoday

#ukineu

#islam

#money

#

#nhs

#trade

#germany#newsnight#bbcnews

#conservative

#davidcameron

#indyref

#referendum

#brexit's

#strongerout

#britainfirst

#pegida

#climatechange

#britain's

#breaking

#muslim

#euarmy #auspol#rt

#migration

#bbcdp

#bbcqt

#skynews

#fintech

#market

#british

#euco

#gbpusd

#muslims

#property

#bbcpapers#tories#ttip

#039

#unitedkingdom

#incampaign

#out

#article50

#scotland

#ireland

#fed

#osborne

#england

#ukraine

#startups

#juncker#makebritaingreatagain

#eusummit

#pound

#oil

#greece

#nexit

#wato

#sovereignty

#brussels

#trumptrain

#georgeosborne

#gibraltar

#poll

#donaldtrump

#obama#entrepreneur

#nigelfarage

#india

#dontwalkaway

#markets

#northernireland

#betterin

#loveeuropeleaveeu

#tech

#ukreferendum

#breakingnews

#banislam

#trump2016

#39

#lbc#usa

#reuters

#dodgydave

#greatbritain

#ukref

#euro2016

#us

#cornwall

#climate

#grassrootsout

#brits

#conservatives

#commonwealth

#austerity

#bettertogether#saveournhs

#love

#wales

#european

#jeremycorbyn

#economics

#newcastle

#italy

#eu's

#iraq

#vote

#iceland

#skypapers

#racism

#marr #marrshow#bbcsp

#murnaghan

#eudebate

#victorialive

#gove

#eng

#wakeupamerica

#lies

#frexit

#australia

#gop

#in

#science#1

#socialmedia

#humanrights

#ecb

#calais

#nwo

#africa

#brexitvote

#gold

#manchester

#eurovision

#sunderland

#sky#imf #labourin

#birmingham

#independence

#undecided

#cdnpoli

#strongertogether

#clinton

#america

#itv

#nyc

#dexit

#feelthebern

#cnn#petition

#peston

#startup

#periscope

#gameofthrones

#makeamericagreatagain

#voteleavetakecontrol

#gogogo

#swexit

#michaelgove

#registertovote

#travel #brexitthemovie#italexit

#toryleadership

#maga

#dc

#globalism

#voterregistration

#hillary

#islamist

#bbcdebate

#texit#thames

#orlando

#americafirst

#panamapapers

#ausvotes

#ivoted

#obamainuk

#isl

#fishingforleave

#toryelectionfraud#dogsatpollingstations

#notmyvote

#usepens

#euistheproblem

#readytovote

#ramadan

#regrexit

#brexitornot

#turnup#brexitbustour

#votedleave

#eurefready

#flotilla

#itveuref

#bftownhall

#c4debate

#pride2016 #bregret

#jocox

#jocoxmp

#catsagainstbrexit

#moreincommon

#whathavewedone

#bbcreferendum

#imwithyou

#engisl

#pencilgate

#engice#eurefresults

#eurefresult

#londonstays

#labourcoup

#keepcorbyn

#brexitin5words

#postrefracism

Hashtag Networks (Top 300, across sides)

#leaveeu

#brexit

#euref

#eureferendum#uk

#eu

#ukip

#putin

#forex#stoptheeu

#london

#trading

#beleave

#europe#world

#news

#isis

#russia

#cameron

#leave

#voteukip#ge2015

#bitcoin

#tory

#merkel

#health

#uk's

#pmqs

#media

#bbc #syria

#france

#paris

#stocks

#business

#fx

#grexit

#europeanunion

#refugees#migrants

#remain

#indyref2

#gbp

#sterling

#r4today

#migrantcrisis

#believeinbritain

#votestay

#remainineu

#corbyn #tcot

#pjnet

#politics

#immigration

#flexcit

#bluehand

#euro

#labour

#c4news

#freedom

#ids

#nato#labourinforbritain

#ftse

#eurozone

#china

#jobs

#finance

#ft

#snp

#economy

#turkey

#stayineu

#voteremain#whitegenocide

#trump

#ccot

#spain

#farage

#tomorrowspaperstoday

#ukineu

#islam

#money

#

#nhs

#trade

#germany#newsnight#bbcnews

#conservative

#davidcameron

#indyref

#referendum

#brexit's

#strongerout

#britainfirst

#pegida

#climatechange

#britain's

#breaking

#muslim

#euarmy #auspol#rt

#migration

#bbcdp

#bbcqt

#skynews

#fintech

#market

#british

#euco

#gbpusd

#muslims

#property

#bbcpapers#tories#ttip

#039

#unitedkingdom

#incampaign

#out

#article50

#scotland

#ireland

#fed

#osborne

#england

#ukraine

#startups

#juncker#makebritaingreatagain

#eusummit

#pound

#oil

#greece

#nexit

#wato

#sovereignty

#brussels

#trumptrain

#georgeosborne

#gibraltar

#poll

#donaldtrump

#obama#entrepreneur

#nigelfarage

#india

#dontwalkaway

#markets

#northernireland

#betterin

#loveeuropeleaveeu

#tech

#ukreferendum

#breakingnews

#banislam

#trump2016

#39

#lbc#usa

#reuters

#dodgydave

#greatbritain

#ukref

#euro2016

#us

#cornwall

#climate

#grassrootsout

#brits

#conservatives

#commonwealth

#austerity

#bettertogether#saveournhs

#love

#wales

#european

#jeremycorbyn

#economics

#newcastle

#italy

#eu's

#iraq

#vote

#iceland

#skypapers

#racism

#marr #marrshow#bbcsp

#murnaghan

#eudebate

#victorialive

#gove

#eng

#wakeupamerica

#lies

#frexit

#australia

#gop

#in

#science#1

#socialmedia

#humanrights

#ecb

#calais

#nwo

#africa

#brexitvote

#gold

#manchester

#eurovision

#sunderland

#sky#imf #labourin

#birmingham

#independence

#undecided

#cdnpoli

#strongertogether

#clinton

#america

#itv

#nyc

#dexit

#feelthebern

#cnn#petition

#peston

#startup

#periscope

#gameofthrones

#makeamericagreatagain

#voteleavetakecontrol

#gogogo

#swexit

#michaelgove

#registertovote

#travel #brexitthemovie#italexit

#toryleadership

#maga

#dc

#globalism

#voterregistration

#hillary

#islamist

#bbcdebate

#texit#thames

#orlando

#americafirst

#panamapapers

#ausvotes

#ivoted

#obamainuk

#isl

#fishingforleave

#toryelectionfraud#dogsatpollingstations

#notmyvote

#usepens

#euistheproblem

#readytovote

#ramadan

#regrexit

#brexitornot

#turnup#brexitbustour

#votedleave

#eurefready

#flotilla

#itveuref

#bftownhall

#c4debate

#pride2016 #bregret

#jocox

#jocoxmp

#catsagainstbrexit

#moreincommon

#whathavewedone

#bbcreferendum

#imwithyou

#engisl

#pencilgate

#engice#eurefresults

#eurefresult

#londonstays

#labourcoup

#keepcorbyn

#brexitin5words

#postrefracism

Hashtag Networks (Leave)

#leaveeu

#german

#stoptheeu

#beleave

#isis#syria

#votetoleave

#grexit

#voteno

#twibbon#noeu

#believeinbritain

#biasedbbc

#tcot#pjnet

#bluehand

#timetoleave

#freedom

#stopislam

#whitegenocide

#ccot

#leavetheeu

#jpmorgan

#leave.eu

#davidcameron

#loughborough

#rape

#referendum#strongerout

#euarmy

#auspol

#rt#liberty

#fb

#british#ww2

#muslims

#out

#germans

#blog

#holland

#hungary

#juncker

#makebritaingreatagain

#mp

#greece #nexit

#sovereignty

#snpout

#trumptrain

#georgeosborne

#traitor

#rapefugees#scam

#libya

#wrongthenwrongnow

#loveeuropeleaveeu

#banislam

#trump2016

#deutschland

#christians

#lbc

#usa

#irexit

#dodgydave

#greatbritain

#juniordoctorsstrike

#epicfail

#closeborders

#belgium

#freespeech

#grassrootsout

#spexit

#tusc

#commonwealth

#outoftouch

#love#peace #austria

#european

#jeremycorbyn

#merkel's

#liblabcon

#catalonia

#fascist

#banksters

#police

#winning

#nottip

#voteleaveeu

#liar

#great

#wakeupamerica

#mandelson

#frexit

#establishment

#union

#david_cameron

#invasion

#gravytrain

#left

#tonybenn

#unitedstatesofeurope

#imleavebecause

#erdogan

#angelamerkel

#cameronout

#tonyblair

#nicolasturgeon

#savethenhs

#cameronmustgo

#nwo

#portugal

#africa

#junker

#disgrace

#islamic

#socialism

#we #jeanclaudejuncker

#erm

#politicians

#denmark

#israel

#justice

#sky

#leaveeuofficial

#vote_leave

#war#ww3

#questiontime

#wewantout

#corrupt

#dictatorship

#wewantourcountryback#maidstone

#nickymorgan

#teamnigel

#itv

#outofeu

#control

#nickclegg

#corruption

#poverty

#9

#efdd

#dexit

#bexit

#feelthebern

#labour's

#french

#remainers#edmiliband

#nz

#britainout

#dejavu

#timetogo

#davidcameron's

#bordercontrol

#victory

#stopttip

#czexit

#family

#globalbritain

#turkish

#kent

#votedemocracy

#goldmansachs#betterout

#powertothepeople

#revolution

#4

#peoplepower

#sayno2eu

#terrorists

#fixit

#fascisteu

#rmt

#michaelcaine

#imout

#christinelagarde

#votebrexit

#itexit

#makeamericagreatagain

#voteleavetakecontrol

#grassroots_out#gogogo

#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis

#britex

#nevergoingtohappen

#americans

#britian

#shameful

#eupropaganda

#chester

#winstonchurchill

#undemocratic

#takecontrolday

#swexit

#osborne's

#wmd

#neilkinnock

#tuc

#hillaryclinton

#freebritain

#britexit

#bbcnewschannel

#country

#remains

#terror

#brexitthemovie

#votetrump

#failed

#workers

#disgraceful

#godsavethequeen

#people

#africans

#goglobal

#proudtobebritish

#kinnock

#superstate

#brexitfears

#sarahwollaston

#remainians

#mega

#yeswecan

#followus

#laws

#hull

#caerphilly

#womenforbritain

#pm's

#biased

##voteleave

#globalism

#pleasevoteleave

#votetrade

#leaves

#schools

#dday

#ert

#battleforbritain

#bebraveboris

#remainiacs

#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen

#remainiac

#saferout #june23rd

#23rdjune

#movie

#islamist

#gagged

#freshstart

#no2ttip

#proud

#andrewneil

#georgesoros

#jun23

#dennisskinner

#bbcaskthis

#dogs

#heath

#eusuperstate

#overregulation

#newport

#remain'ers

#exitpoll

#ger

#totalitarian

#wewantourfishback

#brexitclub#giselastuart

#goactionday

#savebritain

#belfastgo

#aylesbury

#makebritainstrongagain

#43brokenpromises

#nationstates

#fishermen

#labourgo

#gosupersaturday

#newcastlego

#scotlandgo

#workingclass

#carlisle

#businessgo

#andrealeadsom

#askdave

#americafirst

#newportgo

#essexgo

#whyvoteleave

#solcampbell

#bobgeldof

#projectbollox

#ausvotes

#nojunckermail

#dontpatroniseme

#postitback

#battlebus

#auxit

#euspring

#freedomday

#bournemouthgo

#fivepresidents

#fishingforleave

#backofthequeue

#ivoteleave

#specbrexit

#inandout

#mostsincerely

#unitesstatesofeurope

#howtogetacouncilhouse

#euistheproblem

#ontour

#lexitthemovie

#petsforbritain

#beleaveinbritain

#votechange

#fathersday

#votedleave#voteremain's

#dalailama

#dogs4britain

#projectreasonable

#eusupertroughcommissioners

#immigratiion

#itvreferendum

#catsforbrexit

#brexitexpress

#nir#pride2016

#worldouroyster

#dutchforbrexit

#lbclive

#2016escapefromeu

#lordguthrie

#lovevinyl

#baronesswarsi

#dogsforbrexit

#imwithyou

#brexitpassion#going2win

#wevegotourcountryback

#invokearticle50

#nowaymay

#andrealeadsom4leader

#leadsom4leader

#leaveeu

#german

#stoptheeu

#beleave

#isis#syria

#votetoleave

#grexit

#voteno

#twibbon#noeu

#believeinbritain

#biasedbbc

#tcot#pjnet

#bluehand

#timetoleave

#freedom

#stopislam

#whitegenocide

#ccot

#leavetheeu

#jpmorgan

#leave.eu

#davidcameron

#loughborough

#rape

#referendum#strongerout

#euarmy

#auspol

#rt#liberty

#fb

#british#ww2

#muslims

#out

#germans

#blog

#holland

#hungary

#juncker

#makebritaingreatagain

#mp

#greece #nexit

#sovereignty

#snpout

#trumptrain

#georgeosborne

#traitor

#rapefugees#scam

#libya

#wrongthenwrongnow

#loveeuropeleaveeu

#banislam

#trump2016

#deutschland

#christians

#lbc

#usa

#irexit

#dodgydave

#greatbritain

#juniordoctorsstrike

#epicfail

#closeborders

#belgium

#freespeech

#grassrootsout

#spexit

#tusc

#commonwealth

#outoftouch

#love#peace #austria

#european

#jeremycorbyn

#merkel's

#liblabcon

#catalonia

#fascist

#banksters

#police

#winning

#nottip

#voteleaveeu

#liar

#great

#wakeupamerica

#mandelson

#frexit

#establishment

#union

#david_cameron

#invasion

#gravytrain

#left

#tonybenn

#unitedstatesofeurope

#imleavebecause

#erdogan

#angelamerkel

#cameronout

#tonyblair

#nicolasturgeon

#savethenhs

#cameronmustgo

#nwo

#portugal

#africa

#junker

#disgrace

#islamic

#socialism

#we #jeanclaudejuncker

#erm

#politicians

#denmark

#israel

#justice

#sky

#leaveeuofficial

#vote_leave

#war#ww3

#questiontime

#wewantout

#corrupt

#dictatorship

#wewantourcountryback#maidstone

#nickymorgan

#teamnigel

#itv

#outofeu

#control

#nickclegg

#corruption

#poverty

#9

#efdd

#dexit

#bexit

#feelthebern

#labour's

#french

#remainers#edmiliband

#nz

#britainout

#dejavu

#timetogo

#davidcameron's

#bordercontrol

#victory

#stopttip

#czexit

#family

#globalbritain

#turkish

#kent

#votedemocracy

#goldmansachs#betterout

#powertothepeople

#revolution

#4

#peoplepower

#sayno2eu

#terrorists

#fixit

#fascisteu

#rmt

#michaelcaine

#imout

#christinelagarde

#votebrexit

#itexit

#makeamericagreatagain

#voteleavetakecontrol

#grassroots_out#gogogo

#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis

#britex

#nevergoingtohappen

#americans

#britian

#shameful

#eupropaganda

#chester

#winstonchurchill

#undemocratic

#takecontrolday

#swexit

#osborne's

#wmd

#neilkinnock

#tuc

#hillaryclinton

#freebritain

#britexit

#bbcnewschannel

#country

#remains

#terror

#brexitthemovie

#votetrump

#failed

#workers

#disgraceful

#godsavethequeen

#people

#africans

#goglobal

#proudtobebritish

#kinnock

#superstate

#brexitfears

#sarahwollaston

#remainians

#mega

#yeswecan

#followus

#laws

#hull

#caerphilly

#womenforbritain

#pm's

#biased

##voteleave

#globalism

#pleasevoteleave

#votetrade

#leaves

#schools

#dday

#ert

#battleforbritain

#bebraveboris

#remainiacs

#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen

#remainiac

#saferout #june23rd

#23rdjune

#movie

#islamist

#gagged

#freshstart

#no2ttip

#proud

#andrewneil

#georgesoros

#jun23

#dennisskinner

#bbcaskthis

#dogs

#heath

#eusuperstate

#overregulation

#newport

#remain'ers

#exitpoll

#ger

#totalitarian

#wewantourfishback

#brexitclub#giselastuart

#goactionday

#savebritain

#belfastgo

#aylesbury

#makebritainstrongagain

#43brokenpromises

#nationstates

#fishermen

#labourgo

#gosupersaturday

#newcastlego

#scotlandgo

#workingclass

#carlisle

#businessgo

#andrealeadsom

#askdave

#americafirst

#newportgo

#essexgo

#whyvoteleave

#solcampbell

#bobgeldof

#projectbollox

#ausvotes

#nojunckermail

#dontpatroniseme

#postitback

#battlebus

#auxit

#euspring

#freedomday

#bournemouthgo

#fivepresidents

#fishingforleave

#backofthequeue

#ivoteleave

#specbrexit

#inandout

#mostsincerely

#unitesstatesofeurope

#howtogetacouncilhouse

#euistheproblem

#ontour

#lexitthemovie

#petsforbritain

#beleaveinbritain

#votechange

#fathersday

#votedleave#voteremain's

#dalailama

#dogs4britain

#projectreasonable

#eusupertroughcommissioners

#immigratiion

#itvreferendum

#catsforbrexit

#brexitexpress

#nir#pride2016

#worldouroyster

#dutchforbrexit

#lbclive

#2016escapefromeu

#lordguthrie

#lovevinyl

#baronesswarsi

#dogsforbrexit

#imwithyou

#brexitpassion#going2win

#wevegotourcountryback

#invokearticle50

#nowaymay

#andrealeadsom4leader

#leadsom4leader

Hashtag Networks (Leave, anti-EU)

#leaveeu

#german

#stoptheeu

#beleave

#isis#syria

#votetoleave

#grexit

#voteno

#twibbon#noeu

#believeinbritain

#biasedbbc

#tcot#pjnet

#bluehand

#timetoleave

#freedom

#stopislam

#whitegenocide

#ccot

#leavetheeu

#jpmorgan

#leave.eu

#davidcameron

#loughborough

#rape

#referendum#strongerout

#euarmy

#auspol

#rt#liberty

#fb

#british#ww2

#muslims

#out

#germans

#blog

#holland

#hungary

#juncker

#makebritaingreatagain

#mp

#greece #nexit

#sovereignty

#snpout

#trumptrain

#georgeosborne

#traitor

#rapefugees#scam

#libya

#wrongthenwrongnow

#loveeuropeleaveeu

#banislam

#trump2016

#deutschland

#christians

#lbc

#usa

#irexit

#dodgydave

#greatbritain

#juniordoctorsstrike

#epicfail

#closeborders

#belgium

#freespeech

#grassrootsout

#spexit

#tusc

#commonwealth

#outoftouch

#love#peace #austria

#european

#jeremycorbyn

#merkel's

#liblabcon

#catalonia

#fascist

#banksters

#police

#winning

#nottip

#voteleaveeu

#liar

#great

#wakeupamerica

#mandelson

#frexit

#establishment

#union

#david_cameron

#invasion

#gravytrain

#left

#tonybenn

#unitedstatesofeurope

#imleavebecause

#erdogan

#angelamerkel

#cameronout

#tonyblair

#nicolasturgeon

#savethenhs

#cameronmustgo

#nwo

#portugal

#africa

#junker

#disgrace

#islamic

#socialism

#we #jeanclaudejuncker

#erm

#politicians

#denmark

#israel

#justice

#sky

#leaveeuofficial

#vote_leave

#war#ww3

#questiontime

#wewantout

#corrupt

#dictatorship

#wewantourcountryback#maidstone

#nickymorgan

#teamnigel

#itv

#outofeu

#control

#nickclegg

#corruption

#poverty

#9

#efdd

#dexit

#bexit

#feelthebern

#labour's

#french

#remainers#edmiliband

#nz

#britainout

#dejavu

#timetogo

#davidcameron's

#bordercontrol

#victory

#stopttip

#czexit

#family

#globalbritain

#turkish

#kent

#votedemocracy

#goldmansachs#betterout

#powertothepeople

#revolution

#4

#peoplepower

#sayno2eu

#terrorists

#fixit

#fascisteu

#rmt

#michaelcaine

#imout

#christinelagarde

#votebrexit

#itexit

#makeamericagreatagain

#voteleavetakecontrol

#grassroots_out#gogogo

#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis

#britex

#nevergoingtohappen

#americans

#britian

#shameful

#eupropaganda

#chester

#winstonchurchill

#undemocratic

#takecontrolday

#swexit

#osborne's

#wmd

#neilkinnock

#tuc

#hillaryclinton

#freebritain

#britexit

#bbcnewschannel

#country

#remains

#terror

#brexitthemovie

#votetrump

#failed

#workers

#disgraceful

#godsavethequeen

#people

#africans

#goglobal

#proudtobebritish

#kinnock

#superstate

#brexitfears

#sarahwollaston

#remainians

#mega

#yeswecan

#followus

#laws

#hull

#caerphilly

#womenforbritain

#pm's

#biased

##voteleave

#globalism

#pleasevoteleave

#votetrade

#leaves

#schools

#dday

#ert

#battleforbritain

#bebraveboris

#remainiacs

#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen

#remainiac

#saferout #june23rd

#23rdjune

#movie

#islamist

#gagged

#freshstart

#no2ttip

#proud

#andrewneil

#georgesoros

#jun23

#dennisskinner

#bbcaskthis

#dogs

#heath

#eusuperstate

#overregulation

#newport

#remain'ers

#exitpoll

#ger

#totalitarian

#wewantourfishback

#brexitclub#giselastuart

#goactionday

#savebritain

#belfastgo

#aylesbury

#makebritainstrongagain

#43brokenpromises

#nationstates

#fishermen

#labourgo

#gosupersaturday

#newcastlego

#scotlandgo

#workingclass

#carlisle

#businessgo

#andrealeadsom

#askdave

#americafirst

#newportgo

#essexgo

#whyvoteleave

#solcampbell

#bobgeldof

#projectbollox

#ausvotes

#nojunckermail

#dontpatroniseme

#postitback

#battlebus

#auxit

#euspring

#freedomday

#bournemouthgo

#fivepresidents

#fishingforleave

#backofthequeue

#ivoteleave

#specbrexit

#inandout

#mostsincerely

#unitesstatesofeurope

#howtogetacouncilhouse

#euistheproblem

#ontour

#lexitthemovie

#petsforbritain

#beleaveinbritain

#votechange

#fathersday

#votedleave#voteremain's

#dalailama

#dogs4britain

#projectreasonable

#eusupertroughcommissioners

#immigratiion

#itvreferendum

#catsforbrexit

#brexitexpress

#nir#pride2016

#worldouroyster

#dutchforbrexit

#lbclive

#2016escapefromeu

#lordguthrie

#lovevinyl

#baronesswarsi

#dogsforbrexit

#imwithyou

#brexitpassion#going2win

#wevegotourcountryback

#invokearticle50

#nowaymay

#andrealeadsom4leader

#leadsom4leader

Hashtag Networks (Leave, debate)

#leaveeu

#german

#stoptheeu

#beleave

#isis#syria

#votetoleave

#grexit

#voteno

#twibbon#noeu

#believeinbritain

#biasedbbc

#tcot#pjnet

#bluehand

#timetoleave

#freedom

#stopislam

#whitegenocide

#ccot

#leavetheeu

#jpmorgan

#leave.eu

#davidcameron

#loughborough

#rape

#referendum#strongerout

#euarmy

#auspol

#rt#liberty

#fb

#british#ww2

#muslims

#out

#germans

#blog

#holland

#hungary

#juncker

#makebritaingreatagain

#mp

#greece #nexit

#sovereignty

#snpout

#trumptrain

#georgeosborne

#traitor

#rapefugees#scam

#libya

#wrongthenwrongnow

#loveeuropeleaveeu

#banislam

#trump2016

#deutschland

#christians

#lbc

#usa

#irexit

#dodgydave

#greatbritain

#juniordoctorsstrike

#epicfail

#closeborders

#belgium

#freespeech

#grassrootsout

#spexit

#tusc

#commonwealth

#outoftouch

#love#peace #austria

#european

#jeremycorbyn

#merkel's

#liblabcon

#catalonia

#fascist

#banksters

#police

#winning

#nottip

#voteleaveeu

#liar

#great

#wakeupamerica

#mandelson

#frexit

#establishment

#union

#david_cameron

#invasion

#gravytrain

#left

#tonybenn

#unitedstatesofeurope

#imleavebecause

#erdogan

#angelamerkel

#cameronout

#tonyblair

#nicolasturgeon

#savethenhs

#cameronmustgo

#nwo

#portugal

#africa

#junker

#disgrace

#islamic

#socialism

#we #jeanclaudejuncker

#erm

#politicians

#denmark

#israel

#justice

#sky

#leaveeuofficial

#vote_leave

#war#ww3

#questiontime

#wewantout

#corrupt

#dictatorship

#wewantourcountryback#maidstone

#nickymorgan

#teamnigel

#itv

#outofeu

#control

#nickclegg

#corruption

#poverty

#9

#efdd

#dexit

#bexit

#feelthebern

#labour's

#french

#remainers#edmiliband

#nz

#britainout

#dejavu

#timetogo

#davidcameron's

#bordercontrol

#victory

#stopttip

#czexit

#family

#globalbritain

#turkish

#kent

#votedemocracy

#goldmansachs#betterout

#powertothepeople

#revolution

#4

#peoplepower

#sayno2eu

#terrorists

#fixit

#fascisteu

#rmt

#michaelcaine

#imout

#christinelagarde

#votebrexit

#itexit

#makeamericagreatagain

#voteleavetakecontrol

#grassroots_out#gogogo

#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis

#britex

#nevergoingtohappen

#americans

#britian

#shameful

#eupropaganda

#chester

#winstonchurchill

#undemocratic

#takecontrolday

#swexit

#osborne's

#wmd

#neilkinnock

#tuc

#hillaryclinton

#freebritain

#britexit

#bbcnewschannel

#country

#remains

#terror

#brexitthemovie

#votetrump

#failed

#workers

#disgraceful

#godsavethequeen

#people

#africans

#goglobal

#proudtobebritish

#kinnock

#superstate

#brexitfears

#sarahwollaston

#remainians

#mega

#yeswecan

#followus

#laws

#hull

#caerphilly

#womenforbritain

#pm's

#biased

##voteleave

#globalism

#pleasevoteleave

#votetrade

#leaves

#schools

#dday

#ert

#battleforbritain

#bebraveboris

#remainiacs

#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen

#remainiac

#saferout #june23rd

#23rdjune

#movie

#islamist

#gagged

#freshstart

#no2ttip

#proud

#andrewneil

#georgesoros

#jun23

#dennisskinner

#bbcaskthis

#dogs

#heath

#eusuperstate

#overregulation

#newport

#remain'ers

#exitpoll

#ger

#totalitarian

#wewantourfishback

#brexitclub#giselastuart

#goactionday

#savebritain

#belfastgo

#aylesbury

#makebritainstrongagain

#43brokenpromises

#nationstates

#fishermen

#labourgo

#gosupersaturday

#newcastlego

#scotlandgo

#workingclass

#carlisle

#businessgo

#andrealeadsom

#askdave

#americafirst

#newportgo

#essexgo

#whyvoteleave

#solcampbell

#bobgeldof

#projectbollox

#ausvotes

#nojunckermail

#dontpatroniseme

#postitback

#battlebus

#auxit

#euspring

#freedomday

#bournemouthgo

#fivepresidents

#fishingforleave

#backofthequeue

#ivoteleave

#specbrexit

#inandout

#mostsincerely

#unitesstatesofeurope

#howtogetacouncilhouse

#euistheproblem

#ontour

#lexitthemovie

#petsforbritain

#beleaveinbritain

#votechange

#fathersday

#votedleave#voteremain's

#dalailama

#dogs4britain

#projectreasonable

#eusupertroughcommissioners

#immigratiion

#itvreferendum

#catsforbrexit

#brexitexpress

#nir#pride2016

#worldouroyster

#dutchforbrexit

#lbclive

#2016escapefromeu

#lordguthrie

#lovevinyl

#baronesswarsi

#dogsforbrexit

#imwithyou

#brexitpassion#going2win

#wevegotourcountryback

#invokearticle50

#nowaymay

#andrealeadsom4leader

#leadsom4leader

Hashtag Networks (Remain)

#ukip

#putin

#forex

#trading

#ukip's

#health

#fx

#gbp #sterling

#betteroffin#ids#grayling

#labourinforbritain

#ft

#bnp

#yes2eu

#eureform

#fracking

#euwargames

#farage

#chaos

#ukineu

#yestoeu

#money

#voteleave's

#brexit's

#climatechange

#edinburgh

#fintech

#market

#eupol

#euco

#gbpusd#boe

#property

#tories#greens

#bbcr4today

#gdp

#growth

#fed

#investment

#ukpolitics

#smes

#startups

#eusummit

#stay#nobrexit

#pound

#oil

#fmqs

#solidarity

#gibraltar

#labourdoorstep

#scotland's

#young

#notinmyname

#india

#stayin#dontwalkaway

#belfast

#betterin

#tech

#fail

#lepen

#edl

#migrationeu

#uktostay

#employment #expats

#ukref

#cornwall

#climate

#energy

#bettertogether

#smallbusiness

#irony

#johnson

#echr

#farright

#traitors

#libdemfightback

#brexiters

#bollocks

#racism

#freemovement

#londonmayor2016

#gove

#expat

#food

#proeu

#science#usd

#xenophobia

#anothereurope

#research

#humanrights

#environment

#london's

#infacts

#justasking

#asia

#bre

#ford

#ep

#sme

#gold

#libdem

#murdoch

#facepalm

#birmingham

#devon

#glastonbury

#live

#brighton

#cambridge

#strongertogether

#patriot

#saferin

#investors

#football

#leavers

#federalism

#eplenary

#euref's

#recession

#disaster

#startup

#periscope

#trafford

#sheffield

#yourvotematters

#gameofthrones

#liverpool

#nigel

#britin

#meps

#register

#strongerineurope#unisforeu

#bankofengland

#oxford#disabled

#chevents #registertovote

#stronger#leavechaos

#erasmus

#cleanair

#bias

#farage's#altrincham

#scotnight

#europeanparliament

#studentsin

#exeter

#remainin

#express

#hopenothate

#galloway

#plymouth

#bojo

#brexitrisks

#yellen

#economists

#borisjohnson's

#brexitfacts

#oecd

#healthierin

#olsx

#thelastleg

#gove's

#glastonbury2016

#swindon

#brexit'eers

#euref2

#conservativesin

#europeday

#iwd2016

#ifs

#lsebrexitvote

#100days

#hillsborough

#hugabrit

#britsdontquit

#torybrexit

#leave's

#brusselsattack

#brusselsattacks

#leavelies

#panamapapers#panamaleaks

#dutchreferendum

#bpoplive

#yourfutureyourvote

#corbynout

#brexitplan

#isl

#notmyvote

#youcantmissit

#readytovote

#blunderbus#generationeuvote

#regrexit

#europaleaguefinal

#turnup

#wejustdontknow

#brexitbritain

#votebeaver

#votedremain

#bregret

#nhssaferin

#bigin

#makefaragehistory

#moreincommon

#whathavewedone

#iamaneumigrant

#engisl

#engice

#londonstays

#postrefracism

Hashtag Networks (Remain, economic concerns)

#ukip

#putin

#forex

#trading

#ukip's

#health

#fx

#gbp #sterling

#betteroffin#ids#grayling

#labourinforbritain

#ft

#bnp

#yes2eu

#eureform

#fracking

#euwargames

#farage

#chaos

#ukineu

#yestoeu

#money

#voteleave's

#brexit's

#climatechange

#edinburgh

#fintech

#market

#eupol

#euco

#gbpusd#boe

#property

#tories#greens

#bbcr4today

#gdp

#growth

#fed

#investment

#ukpolitics

#smes

#startups

#eusummit

#stay#nobrexit

#pound

#oil

#fmqs

#solidarity

#gibraltar

#labourdoorstep

#scotland's

#young

#notinmyname

#india

#stayin#dontwalkaway

#belfast

#betterin

#tech

#fail

#lepen

#edl

#migrationeu

#uktostay

#employment #expats

#ukref

#cornwall

#climate

#energy

#bettertogether

#smallbusiness

#irony

#johnson

#echr

#farright

#traitors

#libdemfightback

#brexiters

#bollocks

#racism

#freemovement

#londonmayor2016

#gove

#expat

#food

#proeu

#science#usd

#xenophobia

#anothereurope

#research

#humanrights

#environment

#london's

#infacts

#justasking

#asia

#bre

#ford

#ep

#sme

#gold

#libdem

#murdoch

#facepalm

#birmingham

#devon

#glastonbury

#live

#brighton

#cambridge

#strongertogether

#patriot

#saferin

#investors

#football

#leavers

#federalism

#eplenary

#euref's

#recession

#disaster

#startup

#periscope

#trafford

#sheffield

#yourvotematters

#gameofthrones

#liverpool

#nigel

#britin

#meps

#register

#strongerineurope#unisforeu

#bankofengland

#oxford#disabled

#chevents #registertovote

#stronger#leavechaos

#erasmus

#cleanair

#bias

#farage's#altrincham

#scotnight

#europeanparliament

#studentsin

#exeter

#remainin

#express

#hopenothate

#galloway

#plymouth

#bojo

#brexitrisks

#yellen

#economists

#borisjohnson's

#brexitfacts

#oecd

#healthierin

#olsx

#thelastleg

#gove's

#glastonbury2016

#swindon

#brexit'eers

#euref2

#conservativesin

#europeday

#iwd2016

#ifs

#lsebrexitvote

#100days

#hillsborough

#hugabrit

#britsdontquit

#torybrexit

#leave's

#brusselsattack

#brusselsattacks

#leavelies

#panamapapers#panamaleaks

#dutchreferendum

#bpoplive

#yourfutureyourvote

#corbynout

#brexitplan

#isl

#notmyvote

#youcantmissit

#readytovote

#blunderbus#generationeuvote

#regrexit

#europaleaguefinal

#turnup

#wejustdontknow

#brexitbritain

#votebeaver

#votedremain

#bregret

#nhssaferin

#bigin

#makefaragehistory

#moreincommon

#whathavewedone

#iamaneumigrant

#engisl

#engice

#londonstays

#postrefracism

Hashtag Networks (Remain, parties and political figures)

#ukip

#putin

#forex

#trading

#ukip's

#health

#fx

#gbp #sterling

#betteroffin#ids#grayling

#labourinforbritain

#ft

#bnp

#yes2eu

#eureform

#fracking

#euwargames

#farage

#chaos

#ukineu

#yestoeu

#money

#voteleave's

#brexit's

#climatechange

#edinburgh

#fintech

#market

#eupol

#euco

#gbpusd#boe

#property

#tories#greens

#bbcr4today

#gdp

#growth

#fed

#investment

#ukpolitics

#smes

#startups

#eusummit

#stay#nobrexit

#pound

#oil

#fmqs

#solidarity

#gibraltar

#labourdoorstep

#scotland's

#young

#notinmyname

#india

#stayin#dontwalkaway

#belfast

#betterin

#tech

#fail

#lepen

#edl

#migrationeu

#uktostay

#employment #expats

#ukref

#cornwall

#climate

#energy

#bettertogether

#smallbusiness

#irony

#johnson

#echr

#farright

#traitors

#libdemfightback

#brexiters

#bollocks

#racism

#freemovement

#londonmayor2016

#gove

#expat

#food

#proeu

#science#usd

#xenophobia

#anothereurope

#research

#humanrights

#environment

#london's

#infacts

#justasking

#asia

#bre

#ford

#ep

#sme

#gold

#libdem

#murdoch

#facepalm

#birmingham

#devon

#glastonbury

#live

#brighton

#cambridge

#strongertogether

#patriot

#saferin

#investors

#football

#leavers

#federalism

#eplenary

#euref's

#recession

#disaster

#startup

#periscope

#trafford

#sheffield

#yourvotematters

#gameofthrones

#liverpool

#nigel

#britin

#meps

#register

#strongerineurope#unisforeu

#bankofengland

#oxford#disabled

#chevents #registertovote

#stronger#leavechaos

#erasmus

#cleanair

#bias

#farage's#altrincham

#scotnight

#europeanparliament

#studentsin

#exeter

#remainin

#express

#hopenothate

#galloway

#plymouth

#bojo

#brexitrisks

#yellen

#economists

#borisjohnson's

#brexitfacts

#oecd

#healthierin

#olsx

#thelastleg

#gove's

#glastonbury2016

#swindon

#brexit'eers

#euref2

#conservativesin

#europeday

#iwd2016

#ifs

#lsebrexitvote

#100days

#hillsborough

#hugabrit

#britsdontquit

#torybrexit

#leave's

#brusselsattack

#brusselsattacks

#leavelies

#panamapapers#panamaleaks

#dutchreferendum

#bpoplive

#yourfutureyourvote

#corbynout

#brexitplan

#isl

#notmyvote

#youcantmissit

#readytovote

#blunderbus#generationeuvote

#regrexit

#europaleaguefinal

#turnup

#wejustdontknow

#brexitbritain

#votebeaver

#votedremain

#bregret

#nhssaferin

#bigin

#makefaragehistory

#moreincommon

#whathavewedone

#iamaneumigrant

#engisl

#engice

#londonstays

#postrefracism

Retweet NetworksTheTwitterObservatoryChrisSnowden,DrDavidBirch

DataScienceInstituteImperialCollegeLondon

DataKindlyProvidedbyProfKenBenoit

Retweet NetworksVisualAnalyticstoolsforExploringTwitter

• WeusetheKPMGDataObservatorya64screenimmersivevisualisationenvironment• Tocreateanimmersivesocialdiscussionenvironmentdrivenbydata.• Interactivequeriescanberunonthedataanddisplayedinrealtimetosupportmulti-disciplinarydiscussion• 132millionpixelsallowsustodisplayhugeamountsofdatafordetaileddiscussion

Retweet NetworksMostmentionedusers

MostpopularHashtags

Mostpopulartweeters

Mostoriginaltweets

Communitydetection

Leave(red)Remain(purple)

SeveralcommunitiesofleaversOnlyonestrongremaincommunity

Clear“echochamber”ofleavers

Sentiment Analysis

• Looks up terms from the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, a psychological dictionary

• Contains categories about: • positive and negative emotion • politics • power • quantitative language • tentative language • sadness • future v. past orientation

example: “reward” language

Leave

Neutral

Remain

0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006

Reward Language

Leave

Neutral

Remain

0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2

Positive v. Negative Emotion Language

Leave

Neutral

Remain

0.0000 0.0005 0.0010 0.0015 0.0020

Sad Language

Leave

Neutral

Remain

−0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0.0

Future v. Past Language

Leave

Neutral

Remain

0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006

Tentative Language

Leave

Neutral

Remain

0.000 0.005 0.010

Power Language

Leave

Neutral

Remain

0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006

Quantitative Language

LSE Works: Department of MethodologyThe Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction?Professor Kenneth BenoitHead, Department of Methodology, LSE(@kenbenoit)

Hashtag for Twitter users: #LSEworks

Professor Sara HoboltChair in European Institutions, European Institute, LSE(@sarahobolt)

Dr Jennifer Jackson PreeceAssociate Professor in Nationalism, European Institute, LSE

Dr Jean-Christophe PlantinChair, LSE(@JCPlantin)