LOWERRESPIRATORY

TRACT

LOWER RES. TRACT

Is the tract that is responsible for gas exchange.

Secondary Bronchi

Cartilage block, NOT rings.

Lots of muscle.

Tertiary Bronchi

Continued branching (like a tree)

Bronchioles

No cartilage or respiratory epithelium.

1 mm in diameter.

ASTHMA

Difficulty Breathing, bronchioles get constricted.

Bronchodilator: opens up bronchioles.

NORMAL BRONCHI BRONCHI w/ ASTHMA

Laser Light Can Detect Potential Diseases Via Breath Samples

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs, about 150 million per lung.

Destroyed by smoking, DO NOT regenerate!

Alveoli

Very THIN in order to maximize gas exchange.

Alveoli

If spread out have the surface area of an entire…

Surfactant

Oily secretion that coats alveoli and keep them inflated.

PLEURAL CAVITIES

Halves of thoracic cavity, 1 lung in each cavity.

Pariatal Pleura

Membrane against ribs and cavity.

Visceral PleuraMembrane around the lungs.

(Seal between the two has low pressure)

Pleuritis

Inflammation of the membranes, which causes friction.

Collapsed Lung

Lung collapses due to break in the seal, air comes in and lungs shrivel up.

Caused by broken ribs.

RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY

Pulmonary Ventilation

Getting air in and out of lungs.

Muscles

Mainly the diaphragm.External Costals: Outside

of ribs, breath in.Internal costals: Between

ribs, breath out.

Costals

Inspiration

Inhaling or breathing in, 4 basic steps.

Inspiration

1. Message to breath sent from the medulla oblongata to breathing muscles.

Inspiration

2. Muscles Contract.

Inspiration

3. Thoracic cavity gets bigger!

Inspiration

4. Air pushes and/or rushes in and fills the lungs.

Expiration

Breathing out, consists of 4 basic steps.

Expiration

1. Medulla oblongata stops sending message.

Expiration

2. Muscles relax.

Expiration

3. Thoracic cavity decreases in size, air pressure increases.

Expiration

Air is pushed out of the lungs.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

AKA: CPRRestores circulation and ventilation.

FLEX THE PECS:

Activity time.