Loudoun County Public Schools€¦ · Web viewBefore the Civil War, most American businesses were...
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Unit 7: Growth of the Nation, 1865-1916 Topic 3: Industrialization Name: _______________________ Block: ______ Date:__________________ Overview: Big Questions and Topics for the Unit How & why did the US grow and change from 1865-1900? If growth + change = progress, then is progress a good thing? How did people respond to the changes in society? 1: Urbanization 2: Immigration 3: Industrialization 4: Labor Unions 5: The Progressive Movement Before the Civil War, most American businesses were owned by a single person or a partnership After the Civil War, industry (mills, factories, railroads, mines) now needed more capital (________________) for investment than one person or a few partners could raise. The Solution: CORPORATIONS Purpose: To raise _______________ (money) It is a business in which many ____________________ own shares called ________________ In exchange for their investment, each stockholder receives a ______________, or part of the corporation’s profits Limits investor_________________ If a corporation failed, investor only lost his or her investment: ____________________ Types of Corporations Transportation Building Materials Energy Communications Monopolies
Transcript of Loudoun County Public Schools€¦ · Web viewBefore the Civil War, most American businesses were...
Unit 7: Growth of the Nation, 1865-1916
Topic 3: Industrialization
Name: _______________________ Block: ______Date:__________________
Overview: Big Questions and Topics for the UnitHow & why did the US grow and change from 1865-1900?
If growth + change = progress, then is progress a good thing?How did people respond to the changes in society?
1: Urbanization 2: Immigration3: Industrialization 4: Labor Unions 5: The Progressive Movement
Before the Civil War, most American businesses were owned by a single person or a partnership
After the Civil War, industry (mills, factories, railroads, mines) now needed more capital (________________) for investment than one person or a few partners could raise.
The Solution: CORPORATIONS Purpose:
To raise _______________ (money) It is a business in which many ____________________ own shares called
________________ In exchange for their investment, each stockholder receives a ______________, or part
of the corporation’s profits Limits investor_________________ If a corporation failed, investor only lost his or her investment: ____________________
Types of CorporationsTransportation Building Materials Energy Communications
Monopolies
__________________ or small group of companies that has complete ______________ over a particular industry
A __________________often allowed a company to raise _______________ to almost any level it desired
OUTCOMES OF MONOPOLIES 1)
2)
What do you see in the pictures?
What do you think the cartoon is saying about these men?TrustsPurpose: To get around government regulation of monopolies, companies combined their
management into ____________ __________________ in the corporations received ______________
from the trust but lost any say in its operation A way to get around _________ regulating ____________________ Example: The _____________________________________
Industrial Leaders: (write their industry and any other notes about them)
Andrew Carnegie
J.P. Morgan
John D. Rockefeller
Cornelius Vanderbilt
How did they get so powerful?
__________________________________o Controlled entire industries (__________________________________)o Got rid of competitors (horizontal integration)o Controlled ___________________
__________________________________o Kept worker pay very ____________ with ___________ hours
o Controlled ___________________and transportation costs (vertical integration) Had no government interference!
LAISSEZ-FAIRE Capitalism: __________________________________ Government should not __________________ with business _______________________________________ – private individuals make the
economic decisions Government is _________________________
SOCIAL DARWINSIM – was used to justify business practices
Laissez-faire capitalists found justification for their practices in “Social Darwinism” Based on __________________________ theory of evolution Social Darwinists thought life was a struggle for the “________________
_____________________________________” Free-enterprise competition would lead to the ______________ businesses surviving Government regulation would let the _______ busineses survive Government programs to help the ______________ or ________________ would also
let the weak survive, so they were also bad
Robber Barons or Philanthropists?
Those who got ________ at the expense of the ________ and the _________________ Fancy lifestyles of the rich -- showed off their wealth BUT... the Robber Barons also ___________________________________(philanthropy) Examples:
Government Tries to Regulate Monopolies: Anti-Trust Laws
Sherman Anti-Trust Act (________) Response to public protest against
monopolies and trusts Prevented any business structure that
“restrained trade” (but it didn’t define this very well)
Companies got creative – formed holding companies instead
Clayton Anti-Trust Act (______________)
Expanded and “fixed” the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
It worked to help the government “bust” or break up the big trusts
Our Big Unit Question: How & why did the US grow and change from 1865-1900? If growth + change = progress, then is progress a good thing?
