Loudness, K -weighted, relative to Full Scale ( or LKFS/LUFS) “ITU...

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Loudness, K-weighted, relative to Full Scale ( or LKFS/LUFS)

“ITU-R BS 1770”

INDEX

Index. Ⅰ. Loudness (LKFS) Summary

Ⅱ. Loudness System Configurations

Ⅳ. Loudness Log Data Configuration

Ⅲ. Loudness System Suggestion

Ⅰ. Loudness (LKFS) Summary

1. What is Loudness?

Loudness is a subjective measure- Different people perceive loudness differently

Loudness is primarily a psychological correlation of the physical intensity of the audio signal.

Different techniques have been used to provide correlation of the overall loudness of the signal.

Different filters are used to adjust the models to perceived loudness of the human ear.

Necessary to measure perceived Loudness- Radio & Television broadcasts- Music, Speech & Sound Effects


2.Loudness Standards.

IEC 61672-1 - Electroacoustics Sound Level Meters

ITU-R.BS 1770- Algorithms to measure audio program loudness and true-peak audio level

ITU –R.BS 1771 - Requirements of loudness and true-peak indicating meters

ATSC A/85 RP - Techniques for Establishing and Maintaining Audio Loudness for Digital Television

P/Loud Working Group- http://wiki.ebu.ch/loud/Main_Page- Gating Measurement- Inclusion of LFE

http://wiki.ebu.ch/loud/Main_Page


3.Introduction Standard ITU-R BS 1770

ITU-R Monophonic Loudness- Measured Leq(RLB) K-weighted means square- Low computational complexity of algorithm- Leq(RLB) provides best performance of all meters tested- Simple energy-based loudness as robust as more complex models

Design of Leq(K) algorithm- High Pass Filter- Summation of energy over time

Design of Multi-Channel Loudness algorithm- Simple building blocks- Scalable from 1 to N


3.Loudness Definition of Terms LKFS(Loudness, K-weighted,relative to Full Scale)

- Unit for Loudness Measuring the absolute level

- 24.0 LUFS= -24.0 LKFS with the Same. LKFS = LUFS

LU

- Unite relative to the leve measured

- Targte Level Loudness = 0 LU (Compare : dB is Peak Level Measurement Units)

Target Loudness

- Digital broadcasting program and the average of advertising

LRA(Loudness Range)

True Peak (Unit: dbTP)


4.Loudness Measuring Range

400 ms

3 sec

Start End

Momentary Data

Short-term Data

Integrated Data

True Peak

Level-25.4 LKFS

Level-17.7 LKFS

Level-20.1 LKFS

Level-1.8 dBTP

II. Loudness System Configurations

Loudness Measurement Process System is 12G, 3G, HD-SDI real-time analysis of the signals,

Vector Scope/ Waveform Monitor/ Audio Stereo Scope/ LKFS of the signals automatically

(UHD) Monitoring(HDMI2.0) Monitoring

NK Loudness Process is optimized system in live and control room sction, Video 2ch &Audio

64ch analysis and storage and Display.

1.Loudness Processor System -1

II. Loudness System Configurations

1.Loudness Processor System-2

UHD Multi Modular System (8slots / 18slots)

19” Rack Frames : 8 and 18 slots

The USFR08 and USFR18 are the generic module holders for the system

The USFR08 is the frame with 8 slots, and the USFR18 is our most dense frame with 18 slots in 4RU. These frames incorporate several unique functions that stand out from the conventional frames found in most other card based infrastructure products

(2 and 3 level sync and word clock)The range has a built-in referenceDistribution system (dual for theUSFR08, USFR18)

Central genlock ( A ) 1 or 2 power supplies Power supply failure and program-Mable GPI’s can be monitored.Ethernet ( C )

GPI / O out ( B )


1.System application Examples Loudness and Audio Monitoring by Connecting with VHDM-4216GThe Selective Input of VHDM-4216 and Sart,Pause,Stop Control of LKFSSave the LOG Data of Audio LKFS in PC


2.System application Examples 4K Master Loudness Processor Monitoring by 12G-SDI Output Loudness and Audio Monitoring by Connection with VHDM-4216Manager the System by Connection with APC & RemoteSave the LOG Data of Audio LKFS in PC


3.System application ExamplesSwitch automatic Back-up channel on the error of main signal 4K Master Loudness Processor Monitoring by 12G-SDI Output Loudness and Audio Monitoring by Connection with VHDM-4216Manager the System by Connection with APC & RemoteSave the LOG Data of Audio LKFS in PC


3.System application Examples(MCR)Part MCR Coordination System Configuration

Main Master Switcher

De-embeddedHD-SDI

Main Audio Processor

HD-SDI

Loudness Process & Monitoring

EncoEBder

Dolby System

Backup Master Switcher

De-embedded

HD-SDI

Backup Audio Processor

Encoder

Dolby System

AES/EBU

AES/EBU

AES/EBU

AES/EBU

APC

4K MonitorLoudness MonitoringLoudness Audio Monitoring

& Control Panel

LKFS Log Data PC

LKFS Network Switch

HD-SDI

Rs-422Ethernet

Ethernet

Ethernet

Ethernet

Ethernet

Rs-422Ethernet

Ethernet

HDMI2.0

Encoder

ENCORDER(Back-Up)

ENCORDER (Main)


4.Multi Untra Master Mode-1 Loudness Processor System for Multi-Channel Audio Level MeterStatus display of 64CH Audio at a screen


4.Multi Untra Master Mode-2 Loudness Processor Audio Level meter and phase of dual channels SDI input


4.Multi Untra Master Mode-3 Loudness Processor system for generater userDisplay of video picture, Audio Level Meter, Phase and time at the time


4.Multi Untra Master Mode-4 Loodness Processor System to Measure Video Waveform,Vector Scope,Audio Level Meter & Phase

Ⅳ. Loudness Log Data

1. Logging Data Loudness Process IP setting and status check Short-term, Source Integrated, Integrated Data monitoring Target Setting : -24.00 LUFS or -23.00 LUFS Range : Display of Loudness Range data Integrated (In) : Display of Program Source data from Start/Stop Integrated (Out) : Display of processed data from Starting and stopping Histogram LUFS : The occurrence Frequency of short-term of Momentary Starting time and stopping time per program, The picture of log data record Display of APC : Display of title, machine and time.

2.Loudness Logging Data Viewer Loudness Processor Log Data Viewer XLM File Formate Export

4

4

1

2

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3. Logging Data Save and Convert Loudness Process IP setting and status check Short-term, Source Integrated, Integrated Data monitor

4

1

3

4

2

Thank You~~.

Loudness, K -weighted, relative to Full Scale ( or LKFS/LUFS) “ITU...

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