LOR Characteristics and Considerations
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LOR Overview and BCcampus Initiative
Scott Leslie
July 28, 2005
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Outline
State of Play in RepositoriesPossible approaches and common
featuresBCcampus Repository Initiative
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LO/LORs on the Gartner Hype Cycle
We were here
2004
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Maturity of Problem LORs address
LORs still struggling to define precisely the problem that is trying to be solved with them?
Is it discovery and sharing of resources? Is it the management of content development? Is it the facilitation of content re-use? Is it the creation of communities of practitioners? Is it the archiving of learning materials? Is it the ingestion and re-composition of complex
multimedia objects? All of the above?
2004
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Maturity of Problem LORs address
LORs getting better at defining the problem they are trying to solve
Is it discovery and sharing of resources? Is it the management of content development? Is it the facilitation of content re-use? Is it the creation of communities of practitioners? Is it the archiving of learning materials? Is it the ingestion and re-composition of complex
multimedia objects? All of the above?
2005
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Maturity of LOR Market
The market for learning object repository technology is very immature and has some fundamental risks involved
unclear how large a market there will ever be for repository technology
vendors are trying to amortize their R&D efforts across too few customers and too short a period leading to hefty licensing prices considering the actual technology involved
if the problem is expanded to include the LCMS field, it becomes a broader and deeper market, but pricing for corporate-style LCMS out of line with higher ed expectations and abilities to pay 2004
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LOR Market Maturing…Slowly
While the market for learning object repository technology is still quite immature
Had a number large RFPs and purchases occur over the last 12 months
UNAM system in Mexico – 1million+ seats for Harvest Road Flordia Virtual School System – also Harvest Road JISC JORUM Repository – UK-wide - Intrallect BC/Alberta RFP – The Learning Edge
Starting to see some leaders emerge and certain different approaches to sharing/re-use problem (DAM, LCMS, LOR, IR)
2005
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Open Source LORs
Very few examples (outside of library world) of open source repository software that has been widely taken up by community of implementers
Many initial projects were developed institutionally on soft money and haven’t been transitioned that well to being inclusive ‘open source’ projects
2004
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Open Source LORs
Still too few examples of open source repository software that has been widely taken up by community of implementers
Lots of the money is drying up/moving on to other areas
As problem space gets better understood, people looking to related technologies (Content Mgmt Systems, P2P, referatories, IR) as alternative approaches
Large consortial approachs to LORs, where instead of sharing risk through open sourcing, sharing risk through size of project team and initiative2005
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LO/LORs on the Gartner Hype Cycle
2005!
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Some phenomena shaping directions of LORs
Service Oriented Architecture/ApproachesModularizationE-Learning FrameworksCourse Management SystemsPeer-to-Peer Computing‘Social Software’
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Seeing some evolution from ‘Repository as Application’…
Repository
CMS
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To ‘Repository as Service and Application’
Repository
CMS
Archival (IR)
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Types of Repository Approaches we’ve seen in Edutools project
‘Referatories’ ‘Classic’ Repository Learning Content Management System Generic Content Management System Digital Asset Management Institutional Repository Repository as part of Course Management
vendor solution Repository as “Service”
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We found that the defining characteristics of these systems, in terms of widespread feature support, were:
Support for searching and browsing of records
Metatagging tools, and standards-based schema support
Support for federation and harvesting
2004
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2005, we found that the defining characteristics of these systems, in terms of widespread feature support, were:
Support for searching and browsing of records Metatagging tools, and standards-based schema
support Support for federation and harvesting More support for content packaging and aggregation,
content management Increased support for syndication, and notification
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Overall, we found support lacking for the following features across all of the products:
Syndication and Notification
Community & Evaluation features (e.g. evaluation system, wish lists and context of usage illustrators)
Time-based Media support
Content Aggregation and Packaging tool
2004
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In 2005, generally we found support lacking for the following features across all of the products:
Time-based Media support
XML Content Supports
DRM, specifically Payment and Fulfillment
User Profiles
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Edutools Research Results
More details available at
http://www.edutools.info/lor/
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BCcampus LOR Project
Began as joint project between BCcampus, Open School BC, later joined by Alberta Online Consortium
Project began in February 2004
Joint project to select and implement (open source) learning object repository software
Project will result in 2 repositories for BC, one for the K-12 system, one within the post-secondary
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About the OrganizationsBCcampus established in 2002 mandate to provide British Columbia learners with a
web-based access point to online learning programs and services delivered by the 26 post-secondary institutions themselves
OpenSchoolBC (OSBC) provider of K-12 distance educational materials Operating as a managed partnership between the
New Westminster SD No. 40 and the Queen's Printer of B.C.
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Motivations for Starting the ProjectBCcampus administer system-wide Online Program Development
Fund fund mandates content be shareable with rest of system ‘BCcommons’ or CreativeCommons licenseOSBC transition from older print and full course-based models
to more atomic ‘learning objects’ both a way to distribute their own content and a service
to other K-12 publishers and school boards to share content
run as a cost recovery service
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Initial search led us to partner with University of Calgary around software named ‘Apollo’.
7 months later, we cancelled our involvement due to the lack of progress in deploying a solution
But not all was lost…
Project History…
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First Phase Outcomes Metadata profiles for both K-12 and Post-secondary
sectors were developed Based on Cancore application profiles, with some
variations on vocabulary to reflect local needs
Workflow pattern established for both K-12 and Post-secondary sectors
Interfaces for both the K-12 and Post-secondary repositories have been prototyped and can easily be implemented on new software
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Phase IIRecently issued a RFP for a repository
system
May 17 - Decision on successful bid
Selected The Learning Edge (http://www.thelearningedge.com.au/) an LCMS originally developed in Australia
Initial deployment up by October 2005
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Key Attributes of System• Handle all types of content, from simple
links, to individual images and binary files, and on up to exports of WebCT courses and IMS Content Packages
• Provide searching and browsing using recognizable B.C. K-12 categories and terminology
• Host both restricted content (that would require a subscription or some other condition to be met) and content open to all
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Additional Goals of the Project Provide *easy* means for instructors and institutions to
contribute new items
Provide support for cataloguing items so that they are easily findable
Include mechanisms for user evaluation and feedback
Integrates with delivery environments (e.g. CMS)
Tracking of usage, at very least of downloads, ideally of use within courses
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