Long term use Mobile Phone and Brain Tumor Risk

Presented to Prof. Dr. Eduard HeindlBy Swapna Nelli

Agenda

IntroductionRadiation cause Brain TumorsCase control study in SwedenHealth Hazard linked to Cell phone useHelpful proposal to Mobile phone users Conclusion

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IntroductionPopulation of the world 7.018 billion

Mobile phone users 4.6 billion

Advantages

Is there any health risk of using mobile phones?

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Radiation cause Brain Tumors

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Exposures are from X-rays, A-bombs, radioactivityOnly “known” environmental cause of brain tumors (since 1974 or earlier)Energy sufficient to break molecular bonds

For example, DNA• Broken DNA creates free radicals

– Free radicals cause further DNA damage thought to cause cancer

Ionizing Radiation

Radiation cause Brain Tumors

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Ionizing Radiation

Increased risk of brain tumorsAge: Children at greater risk than adults

– Risk increases with power (Watts)– Risk increases with time

Excess risk, 30 or more years (all ages) Brain Cancer: doubleMeningioma: 70%

Latency time (from exposure to diagnosis)Brain Cancer: 20 to 30 yearsMeningioma: 30-40 years

Radiation cause Brain Tumors

Exposures from cellphones, cordless phones, walkie-talkies, baby monitorsRisk of brain tumorsEnergy cannot break molecular bondsCreates free radicals; increases lifetime of free radicals

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Non-ionizing Radiation: Wireless Phones

Radiation cause Brain Tumors

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Increased risk of brain tumorsAge: Younger have higher risk

• Greater than 5 years of cell phone use– 70+% for 20-29 years olds (7 cases, 94.8% confidence)– 35% for all ages, 20-80 years (160 cases, 97% confidence)– Risk increases with power (Watts)– Risk increases with time

Tumor on same side of head as where digital cell phone was used

• 26+% increased risk of brain cancer (97 cases, 99.91% confidence)

Latency timeMuch shorter latency time than ionizing radiation

Non-ionizing Radiation: Wireless Phones

Case control study in Sweden

IntroductionLate 1980’sStefan Lönn, Anders Ahlbom, Per Hall,

Maria Feychting and the Swedish Interphone Study Group

Materials and MethodsCase ascertainmentControl selectionData collectionClassification of exposureStatistical analysis

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Case control study in Sweden

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Case control study in Sweden

The odds ratio was 0.8 (95% confidence interval: 0.6, 1.0) for Glioma and 0.7 (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 0.9) for Meningioma.No studies to date have had an exposure time long enough to properly address the potential adverse late health effects of mobile phone use.Tumor depends on not only the duration of call as well the type of phone, age of the person gendor of the person and place also

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Outcome of case-control study

Health Hazard linked to Cell phone use

Harm your blood cellsDamage your DNACause nerve-cell damagePossibly accelerate and contribute to onset of autism, and trigger Alzheimer’s diseaseDamage your eyesCause sleep disruptions, fatigue and headachesContribute to salivary gland tumorsCause decreased bone density in the pelvic regionLead to electromagnetic hypersensitivityAffect your heart rate and blood pressure

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Helpful proposal to Mobile phone users

Limit the use of cell phonesChildren should not be allowed to use a cell phoneDo not put the cell phone in a pocket or a belt Do not use the cell phone in enclosed metal spacesDo not make a call when the signal strength is weakDo not use the cell phone when battery is lowPurchase a phone with a low SARUse text instead of talkUse landlinesKeep cell phone off most of the time

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ReferencesJ.C. Lin (ed.), Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems,Health Effects of Cell Phone Radiation, Volume 5http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/161/6/526.fullhttp://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs193/en/http://occmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/57/7/518.full.pdf+html http://mobile-devices-phones.knoji.com/how-to-reduce-the-risk-of-vulnerable-to-longterm-damage-to-our-health-with-cell-phone-usage/http://www.psrast.org/mobileng/mobilstarteng.htmSadetzki et al. Long-Term Follow-up for Brain Tumor Development after Childhood Exposure to Ionizing Radiation for Tinea Capitis; RADIATION RESEARCH 163, 424–432 (2005)

Hardell et al., Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on the use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk of benign brain tumours diagnosed during 1997-2003; INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 28: 509-518, 2006

Hardell et al., Case–control study of the association between the use of cellular and cordless telephones and malignant brain tumors diagnosed during 2000–2003; Environ Res. 2006 Feb;100(2):232-41

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