LONG TERM SPECTRAL OPTICAL MONITORNIG OF ACTIVE … · LONG‐TERMTERM MONITORINGMONITORING Dragan...

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LONGTERM SPECTRAL OPTICAL MONITORNIG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI Dragana Ilić Department of Astronomy Faculty of Mathematics Department of Astronomy , Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade Luka Č. Popović, Astronomical Observatory, Belgrade, Serbia Alla I. Shapovalova, SAO observatory , Russia Vahram H. Chavushyan, INAOE, Mexico

Transcript of LONG TERM SPECTRAL OPTICAL MONITORNIG OF ACTIVE … · LONG‐TERMTERM MONITORINGMONITORING Dragan...

Page 1: LONG TERM SPECTRAL OPTICAL MONITORNIG OF ACTIVE … · LONG‐TERMTERM MONITORINGMONITORING Dragan a Ili ć A p PIs: Alla I Shapovalova (Russia) Vahram H. Chavushyan (Mexico) ril

LONG‐TERM SPECTRAL OPTICAL MONITORNIG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEIACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

Dragana IlićDepartment of Astronomy Faculty of MathematicsDepartment of Astronomy, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade

Luka Č. Popović, Astronomical Observatory, Belgrade, Serbia

Alla I. Shapovalova, SAO observatory, Russia

Vahram H. Chavushyan, INAOE, Mexico

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EMISSION LINESDragan

broad emission linesEMISSION LINES a Ilić           ApBalmer lines of AGN Mrk 817 

broad emission lines‐ permitted transitions

pril 2011

(Ilic et al.2006) ‐ FWHM  2000 ‐ 10000 km/s

[OIII]

Lo

[OIII]

ong‐term m

on

HHγ nitoring of AG

GN

2

narrow emissione lines permitted and forbidden‐ permitted and forbidden

‐ FWHM  200 ‐ 700 km/s

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BLACK HOLE MASS MBHDraganBH

ESTIMATES

a Ilić           ApvR 2 pril 2011

virial theorem: GvRfM BLR

BH

Lo

(Wandel+ 1999; Kaspi+ 2000, 2005;  Peterson+ 2004, Bentz+ 2009)

ong‐term m

on

reverberation mapping→ the BLR radius: RBLR(for NGC 4151, 3c390. 3  in Shapovalova+2009, 2010)

nitoring of AG

Problem BLR geometry : f depends GN Problem BLR geometry :  f depends 

on geometry and kinematics

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e.g. most common AGN spectra show  i < 20°( l )(La Mura et al. 2009, ApJ, 693, 1437)

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Draganin order toFWHM up to 10,000 km/s na Ilić           A

in order to estimate 

FWHM  up to 10,000 km/scomplex region 

t ?

April 2011MBH we 

geometry: ?

disc /  outflows / disc+wind / 

Lo

need to know the

disc+spherical region

ong‐term m

on

know the geometry nitoring of AG

geometry of the BLR

GN

h d4

what do weknow about 

T  104 K Ne ~ 1010 cm‐3

photoionized regionBLR?

photoionized region 

(also shock heating?)

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AGN – HIGHLY VARIABLE OBJECTSDraganAGN – HIGHLY VARIABLE OBJECTS

variation in the continuum and line flux

a Ilić           Apvariation in the continuum and line flux

change of the galaxy type

pril 2011

line

Lo

i lineprofile

b l

ong‐term m

on

maximumactivity

minimumactivityvariability

nitoring of AG

activity

GN

5

(Shapovalova et al. 2009)

NGC 5548 (Peterson et al. 2002)3c390.3 (Shapovalova et al. 2010)

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LONG‐TERM MONITORINGDraganLONG‐TERM MONITORING a Ilić           A

p

PIs: Alla I Shapovalova (Russia)Vahram H. Chavushyan (Mexico)

pril 2011

y ( )

constantly observing well known AGN: NGC 5548 – 9 years (Ilić 2007 Popović et al 2008)

Lo

NGC 5548 – 9 years (Ilić 2007, Popović et al. 2008)

NGC 4151 – 11 years (Shapovalova et al. 2008, 2009, 2010a)

ong‐term m

on

3C390.3 – 13 years (Shapovalova et al. 2010b, Popović et al. 2011,  Jovanović et al. 2010)

nitoring of AG

Arp 102B – 12 years (in prep.)

Ark 564 – 11 years (in prep )

GN

Ark 564  11 years (in prep.)

variability: continuum flux, line shapes, line fluxes …6

powerful tool for emission line region diagnostics

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OBSERVATIONSDraganOBSERVATIONS

6m + 1m telescopes SAO RAS (Russia)

a Ilić           Ap

6m + 1m telescopes ‐ SAO RAS (Russia)

2.1 m telescope ‐ Guillermo Haro Observatory, Cananea, 

pril 2011

Sonora, Mexico

2 1 m telescope ‐ Observatorio Astronómico Nacional San Lo 2.1 m telescope  Observatorio Astronómico Nacional,  San Pedro Martir, Baja California, Mexico

ong‐term m

onnitoring of AGGN

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3C390 3Dragan3C390.3 double radio‐loud galaxy

a Ilić           Ap double radio loud galaxy 

with strong radio core(Leahy & Perley 1991)

pril 2011

( ea y e ey 99 )

Loong‐term m

on

double‐peaked broad line

nitoring of AG

(Eracleous & Halpern 1994)

proof of the line disc‐emission  GN

p

variable line profiles different complex BLR models: binary BLR

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complex BLR models: binary BLR, disc precession, disc perturbation, etcetc.

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3C390 3Dragan3C390.3 a Ilić           A

p 13‐year data pril 2011

13 year data

several max &min

Lo

CCF analysis (ZDCF, ICCF)

H 120 light days

ong‐term m

on

H 120 light days

Hβ 95 light days

nitoring of AG

stratified BLR

GN

minimum in 2002  2 characteristic periods

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Shapovalova, Popović, Ilić, Chavushyan et al. 2010b, A&A, 517, 42

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3C390 3 ‐ QPOSDragan3C390.3 ‐ QPOS a Ilić           A

p quasi‐periodic oscillations (QPOs) pril 2011

quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs)

Morlet wavelet transformation

Lo

analysis of the minima and maxima of Hβ and continuum

ong‐term m

on

QPOs  with periods:  10 years (Veilleux & Zheng 1991) nitoring of AG

2‐4 years

shock waves near the SMBH GN shock waves near the SMBH 

spreading in the outer part of the disc OR contribution of either

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disc OR contribution of either ejection or jets to QPOs

Shapovalova , Popović, Ilić, Chavushyanet al. 2010b, A&A, 517, 42

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3C390 3 – LINE PROFILESDragan3C390.3 – LINE PROFILES

line profiles vary dramatically: disc like profile with strong

a Ilić           Ap line profiles vary dramatically: disc‐like profile with strong 

blue peak always present, BUT  sometimes also the central peak appears additional emission region

pril 2011

peak appears  additional emission region

Loong‐term m

onnitoring of AG

disc perturbation todescribe the line profiles

GN

Jovanović, Popović,S l ki Sh l

11Stalevski, Shapovalova2010, ApJ, 718, 168

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3C390 3 – MODELSDragan3C390.3 – MODELS

f h di h i

a Ilić           Ap

part of the disc that is emitting lines is shifted along th di

pril 2011

the radius

Loong‐term m

on

models vs. observations

4 an

d-3

nitoring of AG

Period I: the change can be explained with the change of h d k hm

ents

-4

GNthe disk position with respect 

to the BH

of s

egm

12

Period II (when burst starts): disc position is fixed 

fl t +4 d +3

flux

Popović, Shapovalova, Ilić, Chavushyan et al. 2011, A&A, 528,130

flux segments +4 and +3

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CONCLUSIONSDraganCONCLUSIONS the broad line region is a complex region 

aIlić

Apg p g

(careful with MBH estimates using reverberation mapping): disc outflows winds combination

pril 2011

mapping):  disc, outflows, winds, combination...

possibility of QSOs as with stellar black‐holes Lo

Th k possibility to have disc perturbations: e g shock waves fragmented spiral waves

ong‐term m

on

Thank you!e.g. shock waves, fragmented spiral waves  nitoring of AG

you!

GN

3C390.3: TWO COMPONENT BLR disc‐like BLR1

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BLR2? =outflows,part of the jet, disc wind