Long Term Evolution (LTE)

Long-Term Evolution (LTE) .

Submitted byHussein M. Al-Sanabani

SupervisorYrd.Doç.Dr. MURAT İSKEFİYELİ

By

Hus

sein

AL-

Sana

bani

Topics

IntroductionIntroduction

LTE Network ArchitectureLTE Network Architecture

LTE Technologies LTE Technologies

Evolution of LTE-AdvancedEvolution of LTE-Advanced

ResearchesResearches

ReferencesReferences

By Hussein AL-Sanabani

IntroductionWelcome to the world of LTE! B

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What is LTE?

In Nov. 2004, 3GPP began a project to define the long-term evolution (LTE) of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) cellular technology Higher performance (Data rates && Reduced delay/latency ) Backwards compatible Wide application Works with IP network

LTE is the next generation of Mobile broadband technology


Evolution of Radio Access Technologies

LTE (3.9G) : 3GPP release 8~9

LTE-Advanced :3GPP release 10+

802.16d/e

802.16m


3GPP UMTS Long-Term Evolution


LTE TARGETs Packet-Domain-Services only (e.g. VoIP) TCP/IP- based layers

Higher peak data rate/ user throughput 150 Mbps DL/75 Mbps UL @20MHz bandwidth

Reduced delay/latency user-plane latency<10ms

Improved spectrum efficiency up to 200 active users in a cell @5MHz bandwidth

Mobility optimized for low-mobility (up to 15Km/h), supported with high performance for medium mobility (up to 120 Km/h), supported for high mobility (up to 500 Km/h)

Multimedia broadcast & multicast services

Spectrum flexibility ( Support of scalable bandwidth: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz)

Support for interworking with legacy networks

Cost-efficiency:1. Cost-effective when add new node (upgrade) in LTE network.2. Cost-effective migration from legacy networks

Coverage up to 30 Km By Hussein AL-Sanabani

Key Factors of LTE


LTE Network ArchitectureWhat is the Architecture of LTE Network? B

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The Evolved Packet Core

Circuit and Packet domains


LTE Network Architecture

E-UTRAN = Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network By Hussein AL-Sanabani

Network Architecture – E-UTRAN

User Equipment

Evolved Node B (eNB) Functionalities: 1) Provides radio resource management functions, and handover

events

2) Provides admission control and scheduling


Network Architecture Evolved Packet Core

Mobility Management Entity key control-node for the LTE access-network.

Functionalities: deals with the control plane.1) Manages mobility and provides security

Responsible for control procedures, such as authentication and

security, and storing of users’ position information


Network Architecture Evolved Packet Core (Cont)

Serving Gateway Functionalities: deal with the user plane

1) Responsible for routing and forwarding user data packets

2) Provides MobilityActs as mobility anchor for inter-eNB handovers and for mobility between LTE and other 3GPP(mobility interface to other networks such as 2G/3G).


Network Architecture Evolved Packet Core (Cont)

Packet Data Network Gateway Functionalities: deal with the user plane

1) Provides connectivity to the UE to external packet data networks (IP networks (Internet)).

2) Performs policy enforcement, packet filtering for each user, support charging, etc.

3) Act as the anchor for mobility between 3GPP and non-3GPP technologies (WiMAX)


LTE TechnologiesWhat is an LTE Network made up of? B

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LTE Technologies

Spectrum Flexibility

OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) for downlink

SC-FDMA (Single Carrier – Frequency Division Multiple Access) for uplink

MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output)


LTE spectrum (bandwidth and duplex) flexibility


FDM vs. OFDM


Difference between OFDM and OFDMA

LTE uses OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) more advanced form of OFDM where subcarriers are allocated to

different users over time


LTE downlink OFDMA

LTE provides QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM as downlink modulation schemes

Cyclic prefix is used as guard interval

15 kHz subcarrier spacing

Scalable bandwidth By Hussein AL-Sanabani

LTE Uplink (SC-FDMA)

l Similar to OFDM signal, but… in OFDM, each sub-carrier only carries information

related to one specific symbol, in SC-FDMA, each sub-carrier contains information of

ALL transmitted symbols.


SC-FDMA vs. OFDMAA salient advantage of SC-FDMA over OFDMA is low to Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) :

Increasing battery life


Multi-antenna techniques( MIMO)


Advantages of LTE

Provides low latency

Increased data transfer speed

High spectral efficiency

Support of variable bandwidth

FDD and TDD within a single radio access technology

More cost effectiveness

Compatibility and interworking with earlier 3GPP Releases

Efficient Multicast/Broadcast

Improvements over 3G network


Evolution of LTE-Advanced

By

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Evolution of LTE-Advanced

Carrier aggregation

Enhanced uplink and Downlink multiple access

Enhanced Multi-antenna Transmission Techniques Downlink 8 antennas Uplink 4 antennas

Support of Larger Bandwidth in LTE-Advanced

Support heterogeneous network

Self Optimizing networks (SON)


LTE vs. LTE-Advanced


Comparing LTE, LTE-Advanced and IMT-Advanced Requirements


ResearchesResearches

By

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bani

Researches (1)Researches (1)

Title: An efficient power-saving transmission mechanism in LTE

macrocell-femtocell hybrid networks

Author: Yao-Liang Chung

Institute: Department of Communication Engineering, National Taipei

University

Published on: 2014 Information Networking (ICOIN), International Conference


Research: 1 contcont..

This paper discusses how to improve the energy - saving performance by using LTE macrocell-femtocell hybrid networks.

This mechanism is able to greatly improve the energy -saving performance, while maintaining the required data rate, by intelligently activating /deactivating each Femto Group (FG).

The results of this paper demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to achieve a much better energy -saving performance, when compared it with the existing approaches .


Research: 1 cont.


Researches (2)Researches (2)

Title: LTE for Vehicular Networking: A Survey

Author: Araniti, G. ; Campolo, C. ; Condoluci, M. ; Iera, A.

more authors

Institute: University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria

Published on: 2013 Communications Magazine, IEEE (Volume:51 , Issue: 5 )


Research: 2 contcont..

In this paper discuss the usability of LTE to support vehicular applications, as they currently do by IEEE 802.11p (e.g., road safety and traffic efficiency services). And also support the applications mainly benefit from this promising cellular technology (e.g., VoIP, file sharing, video streaming, web browsing, social networking, blog uploading, gaming, cloud access).

They say how to Take advantage from strengths of LTE (high capacity, wide coverage, high performance) to face the well-known drawbacks of IEEE 802.11p (poor scalability, low capacity, intermittent connectivity).

LTE has overcome over IEEE 802.11p in terms of coverage (e.g.,In rural areas where the car density is low.


Thank You!I’d like to answer any questions that you have…

By

Hus

sein

AL-

Sana

bani

References

http://www.3gpp.org/technologies/tutorials-tools

http://www.rohde-schwarz.com/en/home_48230.html

http://www.ericsson.com/ericsson/corpinfo/publications/review/2007_03/files/5_LTE_SAE.pdf


Long Term Evolution (LTE)

Technology

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