Using HRH information to answer key policy and management questions Name Event Location - Date.
LOCATION INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Transcript of LOCATION INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
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LOCATION INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT
Presented By:
Gurpreet Kaur 09609073
Prateek Gupta 06502920Shishir Yadav 09609074
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THE VOYAGE
What is location technology.
Why information management....
The project.
Its Architecture.
Modeling of Location Information..
Abstractions from the Service.
What are different levels of the Information System and their use.
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LOCATION TECHNOLOGY
Location technology is something which provides location information about any
locatable objects. All location technologies generate sensor events in response to
changes in the location of locatable objects. There is wide range of existing location
technologies and more are under development . Some of the existing technologies
are
Active Badge system [HH94], provide information about the presence of a user in
a region or a room.
Active Bat system [HHSW+99] are much more precise, providing information that
is accurate to a few centimetres.
Generated sensor rate depends on technology we are using as it would be very high
in precious location technologies.
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WHY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ?
As we know good location technologies generate sensors in very high rate .Out of
which only few sensor events are of interest to any specific application . So we need
management of the data gathered by location technology. And some other reasons
are
Multiplicity of location information
A filtration mechanism is needed that will enable applications to see only relevant
data .
A uniform way of making this information available is location-technology
independent fashion is necessary because there are lots of different technologies are
available and if we are using multiple location technology then it become more
crucial to manage them .
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QoSDREAM PROJECT
QoSDREAM aims to provide a middleware platform for developing distributed
multimedia applications. And we will discuss its approach to handling context
information and how this information is made available to the rest of the system.
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ARCHITECTURE
Figure shows the constituents of the QoSDREAM Architecture . It consists of four
major part.
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LOCATION SERVICE
At the lowest level of architecture we have location service and its main functionalities
are
Location service is in charge of gathering location information from specific
location-technologies.
It presents this information to the rest of the system in a location-technologyindependent fashion (uniform way of presenting information).
functionality of location service also include managing and filtering the potentially
large amount of location information that can be generated.
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EVENTMESSAGING SYSTEM
Event messaging system again filters data.
Then it provides information to rest of the system and application .
It distributes event to interested parties . As not every sensor event is useful for each
part of the system.
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MULTIMEDIA SERVICE
The Distributed Multimedia Service [MNCK99] allows applications to construct
distributed multimedia components.
And it also help applications in managing these multimedia application.
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OBJECT DATABASE MANAGER
The Distributed Object Database Management Service provides a means of sharingsystem wide properties such as information about known physical objects. The
information held by the database is largely 'static' (i.e. it is not modified very often),
although some location-specific data may also be stored with it.
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MODELING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Within QoSDREAM, applications are presented with a simplified model of the realphysical world. This model contains the following abstractions:
LOCATABLESLOCATABLE
REGION
LOCATORS
INFORMATON
MANAGEMET
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LOCATORS
LOCATABLES
LOCATABLE REGIONS
which represent objects whose locationcan be determined by a given
location-technology. Active badges andBats are examples of Locators.
these represent objects whose locationsneed to be tracked.
Examples include people and equipment.
Locatable must have at least oneassociated locator, so that their location
can be inferred from its locator.
Each locatable will in general have one ormore regions.
These regions define various locationspecific characteristics of Locatable.
For instance in the case of a person, theymay include in addition to the personslocation, their visual and audible fields.
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MANAGEMENT OF LOCATION INROMATION
Our Location Service performs management of location information. Figure 2 depictsthe various abstractions that form this service:
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WORKINGS.
STEP 1
At the lowest level we have Federator objects, these interface with specific locationtechnologies and can detect location information.
The information gathered by Federators is exported through light-weight eventscalled Federator Events. These contain generic information such as the type and idof the federator as well as federator-specific data.
STEP 2 Federator events are also sent to our Spatial Relations Manager (SRM). The SRMs
task is to convert information gathered by Federators into overlapping eventsbetween the regions in our world model.
Before the SRM can reason about the regions and their interactions, LocationModules translate Federator events into regions.
Location Modules are Federator-type-specific, and can be loaded from the databaseby the SRM.
The SRM uses the federator Type field ofFederator Events to determine therequired Location Module.
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CONTINUED..
STEP 3
Once the SRM has obtained updated regions from Location Modules it analysesthem looking for changes in overlaps between regions.
If those are found then the SRM produces what we call Raw Overlap Events.These contain the type of overlap between two regions as well as their previousrelationship.
STEP 4 Applications can register to receive these events, but again these events are too
general for most applications and cannot be filtered.
Instead application register to receive specialized overlap events produced byEvent Adaptors. These types of events can be filtered and relate to higher levelabstractions, such as people and equipment.
Event Adaptors are objects that receive Raw Overlap Events generated by the SRMand can filter and transform these into events that are of interest to applications.
The events generated by Event Adaptors are called Overlap Events, and aretransmitted by QoSDREAMs Message Service.
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The QoSDREAM framework provides an event abstraction that enables
applications to register for events by event type.
Further selection is performed by event filters which the application can
instantiate.
Options for event queuing, communication, fault tolerance, event
persistence, reliability and security will be offered in a future version of the
DREAM framework. QoSDREAM uses events primarily for delivery of contextual information
to applications. The messaging service allows application objects to send
and receive events and is also used by the Location Service to deliver
events generated by Event Adaptors.
Our current implementation of the Messaging Service uses an
implementation of the Cambridge Event Architecture called Herald [SPI00]
as the event delivery system.
Other event delivery systems can be easily added to our Messaging Service
by the implementation of a single interface.
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The Messaging Service facilitates the management of
location information in a number of ways:-
It allows clients to request the delivery of events withouthaving to know anything about the sources of these events.
Similarly event sources do not require any knowledge about
their clients.
The messaging service also allows applications to specify
filters on the events that are sent to it. This coupled with the
location service greatly reduces location-related traffic.
Without the location service and messaging service,
applications would need to monitor all location information
generated by the various underlying location technologies. Messaging Service is itself independent of the event delivery system
used to transfer events from event sources to event clients.
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Our current implementation of the Messaging Service
uses an implementation of the Cambridge Event
Architecture called Herald [SPI00] as the event delivery
system. Other event delivery systems can be easily added to our
Messaging Service by the implementation of a single
interface.
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Experience
A pilot application has been developed for use as a
communications aid, allowing them to locate one
another, establish and participate in audio/visual
conferences. It exploits location information provided by the Active
Badge System deployed in the laboratory.
The Active Lab application registers interest only in
Person Movement events (in order to update its display).Thus in this application, the QoSDREAM location
architecture reduces the event traffic that the application
process.
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CONCLUSION
We have described the approach employed in the QoSDREAM project to themanagement of location events derived from a variety of sources and technologies.
Location events are integrated through the generation of overlap events that areconstructed by geometric analysis according to the requirements of applications,reducing the incoming event traffic to proportions that are manageable by
applications.
QoSDREAM is a software framework that supports the construction of contextaware multimedia applications. For details on other aspects of the QoSDREAMframework see [QDream01].
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THANKS.