LO: SWBAT understand and explain how our body comes under attack.

DN: List some ways in which you can get sick. What causes you to be sick?

HW: Article Summary Due Friday

What is wrong?

Disease-

•the body is not working as it should

•The body is not in homeostasis

What is the common theme?

Disease in humans may result from

foreign invader organisms called…..

PATHOGENS

Pathogen: any disease causing organism

Pathogens

• Bacteria

• Viruses

• Fungi

• Parasites

Bacteria Characteristics

• Prokaryotes• Unicellular organisms• Lack most ORGANELLES, no

true nucleus.

Examples

• Strep throat• Salmonella – toxins

• Syphilis

What will the doctorGive you?

Antibiotics

Virus• A VIRUS IS NOT A CELL (IT IS NOT

ALIVE)• DNA or RNA + Protein Coat• Very small, smaller then a CELL.• They can only reproduce INSIDE a cell.• A virus works by injecting its DNA into a cell,

turning the cell into a virus producing factory.

Examples• HIV

• Chicken Pox• Influenza

• Can you take antibiotics?

Antibiotics will not work on a virus- they are specific for

bacteria.

Fungus

• Athlete’s foot• Ring worm

• What can the doctorPrescribe?

• Fungicides

Parasites Organisms that feed off of other organisms

Examples: tapeworm, heartworm, trypanosoma, toxocara

Host: The organisms that the pathogen is living/feeding off of

Vector: What is transmitting the pathogen.

A vector could be living or nonliving.Examples: other animals, insects, water, desk

How are pathogens transmitted?

Blood

FoodSex

AirAnimal

Diagnosing – determine the disease you have

Diagnosis is made based on symptoms , examination and

testing

Prevention vs. TreatmentPrevention – ways to avoid getting the disease.

Treatment – ways to help people with a disease to get better.

Besides pathogens, what else can cause disease?

Organ MalfunctionToxic Substances Inherited

Disorder

Risky PersonalBehavior

Poor Nutrition

Zoonotic Diseases

•A disease of animals that is transmissible to humans

•Ex:–West Nile Virus–Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever–Hookworm–Toxoplasmosis

Epidemic

Sharp rise in incidence of an infection or disease

PandemicVery widely distributed epidemic

Endemic

Normally present in a certain geographic area or part of an area