Lived Experience of Orphan Children

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    THE LIVED EXPERIENCE OF ORPHAN CHILDREN

    Mejido, Lord Jossenel Q.Group Leader:

    Members:Aguilar, Irish G. Sacanay, Jarrah C.

    Barte, Angela Mae L. Ong, Kristy P.Brigole, Norlie A. Vinus, Pepito A.

    Camenforte, Camille Uyanib, Michelle I.

    Mrs. Ma. Liza V. Dionaldo, RN, MANAdviser

    March 2011

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    Chapter 1

    THE PROBLEM AND ITS

    SCOPE

    INTRODUCTION

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    APPROVAL SHEET

    This research entitled THE LIVEDEXPERIENCE OF ORPHAN CHILDREN in

    prepared and submitted by Lord Jossenel Q.

    Mejido, Irish G. Aguilar, Angela Mae L. Barte,

    Norlie A. Brigole, CamilleAntonieteO.Camenforte, Jarrah C. Sacanay, Kristy P.

    Ong, Vinus A. Pepito, Michele I. Uyanib in

    partial fulfilment of the requirements for the

    degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing hasbeen examined and is recommended for

    acceptance and approval for Oral Examination.

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    THESIS COMMITEE

    ANTHONY JOSEPH C. MERCADO, R.N., MAN

    Adviser

    JILL MARIE C. HERMOGENES, R.N., MAN,Ed.D

    EVAN LOBELLE E. SAMPAYAN, R.N., MAN

    Members

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    PANEL EXAMINERS

    Approved by Committee of Oral Examination with the grade

    of ________

    EVAL LOBELLE E. SAMPAYAN, R.N., MAN, Ed.D

    Chairman

    JILL MARIE C. HERMOGENES, R.N., MAN, Ed.D

    MA. LIZA V. DIONALDO, R.N.

    Member

    ANTHONY JOSEPH C. MERCADO, R.N., MAN

    Adviser

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    Accepted and approved in partial fulfilment of

    the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

    Science in Nursing.

    Date of Oral Examination: March 28, 2011

    LUCRIS A. TAN JR., R.N., MAN, MD

    Dean

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    ABSTRACT

    The study determined the lived experiencesof orphan children in the Department of Social

    welfare Development of Cebu City. The

    outcome of the study served as basis for a

    proposed holistic orphan guide.

    The study utilized the descriptive-

    correlational method of research in assessing

    the lived experience of orphan children.Quantitative research employed the use of the

    survey questionnaire in the gathering of

    important data relevant to the study.

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    FINDINGS

    The following are the findings of the study: The

    profile revealed that majority of the orphan children

    belonged to 11 -15 years of age, boys and 1-3 years as

    to length of stay. The extent of the effects of lived

    experiences of orphan children: Physical Effects wereVery Extensive; Social Effects were Extensive;

    Emotional Effects were Extensive; and Psychological

    Effects were Extensive. There is significant relationship

    on the profile of age and length of stay and the extent ofthe effects of lived experiences of orphan children.

    Measures are envisioned in the enhancement of the

    lived experiences of orphan children.

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    Rationale of the Study

    Orphan children are underprivileged

    and their needs need to be dealt with in

    order to meet their physical, mental,

    social, emotio0nal and psychological

    need. It should never be taken for granted

    knowing that the children are considered

    the hope of the country (Soccoro, 2006).

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    It is sad to note that these children are

    deprived of the opportunities of a

    comfortable living, lack the parental attention

    and even to the point of being neglected.

    These children need the care and love of a

    significant person through attending to theirneeds and providing them the comfort that

    ensures healthy lifestyles and living. Based

    on the observation, there are number of

    cases of orphan children left in the care of a

    government entity. It is where there is a

    need to address the problem.

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    There are many orphans in the Department

    of Social Welfare and Development whichare catered by the agency in promoting their

    welfare through meeting their needs

    physically, mentally, socially, emotionallyand psychologically since these children are

    the hope of the country.

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    The researchers have the needed

    competencies in making their research

    through their varied exposures in

    clinical and community areas dealing

    with children but this is an exceptional

    case wherein these researchers will

    make a qualitative phenomenological

    research on the lived experiences of

    orphan children through identifying their

    needs and coming up with solutions to

    address these problems.

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    Hence, the researchers came across the

    research in order to know the lived

    experience of orphan children with the endview of coming up with a program to

    address the needs of these orphan children.

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    Theoretical Background

    The study is anchored on Bowlby Attachment

    Theory. Attachment is an emotional bond to another

    person. Psychologist John Bowlby was the first

    attachment theorists. It described that attachment a

    "lasting psychological connectedness between humanbeings. Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds formed

    by children with their caregivers have a tremendous

    impact that continues throughout life. According to

    Bowlby, attachment also serves to keep the infant closeto the mother, thus improving the child's chances of

    survival (Hurlock, 2003).

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    The central theme of attachment theory

    is that mothers who are available andresponsive to their infant's needs establish a

    sense of security. The infant knows that the

    caregiver is dependable, which creates asecure base for the child to then explore the

    world (Hurlock, 2003).

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    Characteristics of Attachment include

    safe haven when the child feel threatened or

    afraid, he or she can return to the caregiverfor comfort and soothing; secure base

    wherein the caregiver provides a secure

    dependable base for the child to explore the

    world; Proximity Maintenance wherein the

    child strives to stay near the caregiver, thus

    keeping the child safe and Separation

    Distress: When separated from thecaregiver, the child will become upset and

    distressed (Hunt, 2002).

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    Based upon the responses the researchers

    observed, Ainsworth described three major styles of

    attachment: secure attachment, ambivalent-insecure

    attachment, and avoidant-insecure attachment. Later,

    researchers Main and Solomon added a fourth attachment

    style called disorganized-insecure attachment based upon

    their own research. A number of studies since that time

    have supported Ainsworth's attachment styles and haveindicated that attachment styles also have an impact on

    behaviors later in life. Securely attached children exhibit

    distress when separated from caregivers and are happy

    when their caregiver returns. Remember, these children

    feel secure and able to depend on their adult caregivers.When the adult leaves, the child may be upset but he or

    she feels assured that the parent or caregiver will return

    (Surensen, 2002).

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    When frightened, securely attached children will

    seek comfort from caregivers. These children know their

    parent or caregiver will provide comfort and reassurance,

    so they are comfortable seeking them out in times of need.Ambivalently attached children usually become very

    distressed when a parent leaves. This attachment style is

    considered relatively uncommon, affecting an estimated 7-

    15% of U.S. children. Research suggests that ambivalent

    attachment is a result of poor maternal availability. Thesechildren cannot depend on their mother to be there when

    the child is in need. Children with an avoidant attachment

    tend to avoid parents or caregivers. When offered a choice,

    these children will show no preference between a caregiver

    and a complete stranger. Research has suggested that this

    attachment style might be a result of abusive or neglectful

    caregivers. Children who are punished for relying on a

    caregiver will learn to avoid seeking help in the future (Hill,

    2006).

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    THE PROBLEM

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    Statement of the Problem

    The study determined the lived

    experiences of orphan children in the

    Department of Social welfare

    Development of Cebu City. The outcome

    of the study served as bases for a

    proposed holistic orphan guide.

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    Specifically, it sought to answer the following

    inquiries:

    1. What is the profile of the respondents interms of:

    1.1 age;

    1.2 gender; and

    1.3 length of stay?

    2. What is the extent of the lived experiences

    of the orphan children in terms of:

    2.1 physical;2.2 social;

    2.3 emotional; and

    2.4 psychological?

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    3. Is there a significant relationship between

    profile and the extent of lived experiences ofthe respondents in terms of:

    3.1 physical;

    3.2 social;

    3.3 emotional; and3.4 psychological?

    4. From the findings of the study, what

    proposed holistic orphan guide can be

    formulated?

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    Statement of Null Hypothesis

    There is no significant relationship

    between profile and the extent of the livedexperiences.

    Significance of the StudyPromoting the welfare of these orphan

    children is important through meeting their

    needs either physical, mental, social,

    emotional and psychological. The study is

    beneficial to the following:

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    Orphan Children. They will be benefited

    from the undertaking through implementing

    programs in order that their needs will bemeet such as physical, mental, social,

    emotional, psychological and spiritual.

    DSWD officials. They are presented with

    the real challenge in promoting the welfare

    of these orphan children through programs

    and activities that promote their welfare andmeet their needs.

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    Health Care Providers. It paves the way for

    them to be committed and dedicated to the

    performance of their duties and responsibilities

    in promoting health of these orphan children

    through meeting physical, mental, social and

    psychological needs.

    Local Government Unit. The government

    plays an important role in supporting the

    undertaking of these orphan children through

    giving them privileges and opportunities suchas proper allocation of funds in order that these

    orphan children would be helped.

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    Researchers. It will serve as an

    enlightenment and enrichment for the

    students to know more about the lived

    experience of orphan children.

    Future Researchers. The study will be thebasis in coming up with research that is

    more comprehensive and substantial.

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    RESEARCH

    METHODOLOGY

    This section gives the research

    methods and procedures.

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    Research Design

    The researchers made of the

    descriptive-correlational method of

    research in assessing the lived

    experience of orphan children.

    Quantitative research employed the use of

    the survey questionnaire in the gathering

    of important data relevant to the study(Polit and Beck, 2008).

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    Research Environment

    The research environment of the study is DSWD. DSWD is

    strategically located along Corner M.J. Cuenco and Gen.

    Maxilom Avenue, Cebu City. This is a government agency that

    promotes the welfare of orphan or abandoned children. The

    vision of DSWD is where poor, vulnerable and disadvantaged

    individuals, families and communities are empowered for an

    improved quality of life. The mission is to provide socialprotection and promote the rights and welfare of the poor,

    vulnerable and the disadvantaged individuals, families and

    communities that will contribute to poverty alleviation and

    empowerment through social welfare development policies,

    programs, projects and services implemented with or throughlocal government units (LGUs), non-government organizations

    (NGOs), peoples organizations (POs), other government

    organizations (GOs) and other members of civil society

    (www.dswd.gov.ph.com, 2011).

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    Research RespondentsThe respondents of the study were the

    orphan children. There were ten (10)

    orphan children taken as subjects in the

    study. They were through the use of non-

    random sampling particularly purposivesampling in the gathering of important data

    relevant to the study. The inclusion

    criteria was that they are orphan children

    who can read and write, should be less

    than 10 years old and confined at

    Department of Social Welfare and

    Development Center.

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    Research InstrumentsThe instrument in the study was the

    researcher-made questionnaire in assessing the

    lived experiences of orphan children. The

    questionnaire contains two parts. The first part

    deals with the profile of the respondents as toage, gender and length of stay. The second part

    deals with the extent of the lived experience of

    orphan children in which there are statements

    on whether the respondents Strongly Agree,Agree, Disagree and Strongly Disagree with the

    aforementioned statements.

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    Research ProceduresGathering of Data. In the gathering of the data, the

    researchers followed a step-by-step process. The first step w smaking letters of transmittal addressed to the Dean of the College

    of Nursing and the Head of DSWD that allowed the researchers to

    conduct the study among the orphan children and to facilitate the

    interview. Then, the questionnaire was pre-tested to ensure the

    validity and reliability of the study. Next, is the administration of the

    questionnaire was personally administered at DSWD. The orphan

    children were given 10 15 minutes to answer the questionnaire

    and it was facilitated with the help of the researchers through

    assisting them in answering the questionnaires and explained to

    them everything including the nature and purpose of the said

    undertaking in order that these orphan children would understandthe purpose of this undertaking. After such time, the questionnaire

    was collected and subjected to further presentation, analysis and

    interpretation of data. Then, a final draft was submitted for

    finalization and corrections.

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    Statistical Treatment. In the gathering of data, the

    researchers made use of the statistical tools to ensure the validity of

    the results. There were three statistical treatment that were used

    in the study.

    Simple Percentage

    The simple percentage was used to determine the profile of the

    orphan children as to age, gender and length of stay.

    Weighted Mean

    The weighted mean was used to determine the extent of the lived

    experiences of orphan children.

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    Chi-square

    The chi-square was used to determine whether there is significant

    relationship between profile and the extent of the effects of livedexperiences of orphan children.

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    DEFINITION OF TERMS

    Terms are defined as how it is

    used in the study:

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    Emotional

    The term refers to the feelings and attitude of the orphan children

    with their experiences at DSWD.

    Lived Experiences

    It refers to the impact of their being orphan children at DSWD as to

    the physical, social, emotional and psychological aspect.

    Measures

    It refers to the steps or ways undertaken in order to promote thewelfare of these orphan children at DSWD.

    Orphan Children

    This refers to the abandon and neglected children confined at

    DSWD.

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    Physical

    It refers to the aspect of meeting the needs of these orphan children.

    ProfileIt refers to the demographic status of the orphan children as to age,

    gender and length of stay.

    Proposed Holistic Orphan GuideThis refers to the steps or measures envisioned in order that these

    orphan children would be guided in how to promote healthy

    lifestyles.

    Psychological

    It refers to the lived experiences of orphan children as to their viewsabout being orphan children.

    Social

    It refers to the interaction of orphan children with others at DSWD.

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    CHAPTER II

    PRESENTATION,

    ANALYSIS AND

    INTERPRETATION OF

    DATA

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    Chapter II gives the presentation, analysis

    and interpretation of data. This is divided into

    four parts. The first part of the chapter deals

    with the profile of the respondents as to age,gender and length of stay. The second part of

    the chapter deals with the extent of the lived

    experiences of the orphan children in terms of

    physical, social, emotional and psychological.The third part of the chapter deals whether there

    is significant relationship between profile and the

    extent of lived experiences of the respondents in

    terms of physical, social, emotional andpsychological. The fourth part of the study

    includes the proposed holistic orphan guide that

    can be formulated.

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    I. Profile of the RespondentsTable 1 shows the profile of the respondents. As shown in the

    table, majority of the respondents belonged to the age bracket of 11 15 years of age (76.66%). According to Erik Eriksons

    Psychosocial Growth and Development, it is the period of Early

    Adolescence. It is the period wherein the individual is dependent on

    the significant figure when it comes to decision-making because of

    its immaturity.In terms of gender, majority of the respondents are boys

    (53.33%). Boys are the adventurous and aggressive even to be

    away from at home and would like to stay most of the time in the

    streets.

    In terms of stay, majority of the respondents claimed that their

    length of stay are 1 3 years (40%). They have been staying for

    three years and their stay have influence their lives through being

    familiar with the place and adjusting with others.

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    Table1

    Profile of the Respondents

    N = 30

    Variables Frequency Percentage

    Age

    6 10 7 23.33%

    11 15 13 76.66%

    Gender

    Boy 16 53.33%

    Girl 14 46.67%

    Length of Stay

    Less than a year 8 26.66%

    1 3 years 12 40%

    4 6 years 8 26.66%

    7 and above 2 6.66%

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    EXTENT OF THE EFFECTS OF LIVED

    EXPERIENCES OF ORPHAN CHILDREN

    The discussion is in terms of the extent

    of the effects of lived experiences of

    orphan children in terms of physical,

    social, emotional and psychological.

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    Physical

    Table 2.1 shows the extent of the physical effects of lived

    experiences of orphan children.

    Basic needs are given promptly (3.56) interpreted as HighlyExtensive it is for the reason that basic needs such as food, clothing

    and shelter are important since these are physiologic needs

    according to Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs in which these

    orphan children are deprived of.

    Performing hygienic measures (3.36) interpreted as HighlyExtensive. It promotes health and if neglected could lead to

    susceptible of these orphan children to disease process.

    Performing hygienic measures ensure proper protection and

    promoting health.

    Engage in physical activities (3.5) promote well-being among

    the orphan children interpreted as Highly Extensive. It promotes

    physical fitness among the children for the reason that these

    children need others in order to interact with and thus contributing to

    the promotion of health.

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    Maintains cleanliness (3.20) interpreted as Moderate Extensive

    for the reason that they are learning to become independent not

    privileged compared to that with their parents to maintain cleanliness

    for them. Cleanliness are important in the promotion of health.Eat foods regularly (3.43) interpreted as Highly Extensive.

    Orphan children need to eat foods regularly to give them

    nourishment to promote health and wellness. Not eating foods

    regularly could affect their health and make them susceptible to

    disease process.

    Summing all of the mean ratings, it obtained an average

    weighted mean of 3.41 interpreted as Highly Extensive. It is a very

    good showing that the Department of Social Welfare and

    Development Services were able to meet the physical needs of

    these orphan children for the reason that it is properly supported by

    the government and allocated with proper funding.

    T bl 2 1

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    Table 2.1

    Extent of the Lived Experiences of the Orphan

    Children

    (Physical)Statements Frequency Percentage

    1.Basic needs are given

    promptly

    3.56Highly Extensive

    2. Performs hygienic

    measures

    3.36Highly Extensive

    3. Engage in physical

    activities

    3.50Highly Extensive

    4. Maintains cleanliness 3.20Moderately Extensive

    5. Eat foots regularly 3.43Highly Extensive

    Average Weighted Mean 3.41Highly Extensive

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    Legend: 1.00 1.75 - Not Extensive

    1.76 2.50 - Less Extensive

    2.51 3.25 Extensive3.26 4.00 Very Extensive

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    Social

    Table 2.2 shows the extent of the social effects of lived

    experiences of orphan children.Social withdrawal from others (2.70) interpreted as Moderately

    Extensive. This is sometimes one of the social effects of being

    orphan children. They feel less privileged and unfortunate

    deprived of the love of parents making them socially withdrawn from

    people.

    Wants to be alone (2.70) interpreted as Moderately Extensive.

    This is sometimes experienced by the orphan children for the reason

    of the feeling of discouragement and a failure because their parents

    neglected them and resulted to them being landed in the DSWD.

    Shy to face strange people (2.73) as another social effect

    interpreted as Moderately Extensive. These orphan children

    experienced shyness because of the feeling of being isolated and

    neglected from parents as a result they felt the trauma.

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    Unresponsiveness with visitors (2.53) interpreted as

    Moderately Extensive. These orphan children sometimes

    experienced unresponsiveness with visitors for the reason that they

    are ashamed and felt shy as a result of being abandoned andneglected by their parents.

    Interaction with others (2.90) interpreted as Moderately

    Extensive. This means that they sometimes experienced interaction

    with others for the reason of feeling shy and ashamed with the

    present situation.Summing all of the mean ratings, it obtained an average

    weighted mean of 2.71 interpreted as Moderately Extensive. This

    means that the social effects sometimes affect these orphan

    children and there is a need to deal with the problem in order to

    promote social development through making these orphan children

    interact with others to widen their horizon.

    Table 2 2

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    Table 2.2

    Extent of Lived Experiences of the Orphan

    Children

    (Social)

    Statements Frequency Percentage

    1. Social withdrawal from

    others

    2.70 Extensive

    2. Wants to be alone 2,70 Extensive

    3. Shy to face strange

    people

    2.73 Extensive

    4. Unresponsive with visitors 2.53 Extensive

    5. Interact with others 2.90 Extensive

    Average Weighted Mean 2.71 Extensive

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    Legend: 1.00 1.75 - Not Extensive

    1.76 2.50 - Less Extensive

    2.51 3.25 Extensive3.26 4.00 Very Extensive

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    Confer with DSWD employees (2.70) interpreted as Moderately

    Extensive. This means that it is sometimes experienced by the

    orphan children for the reason that they are now under the custody

    of the DSWD which promotes their welfare.Developing positive attitude with what is happening (2.70)

    interpreted as Moderately Extensive. This is sometimes

    experienced by the orphan children for the reason that it paves the

    way for promoting health and well-being.

    Summing all of the mean ratings, it obtained an average

    weighted mean of 2.82 interpreted as Moderately extensive. This

    means that these emotional effects seldom affect these orphan

    children for the reason that there are also people who give them the

    love and care that they need with the support from the government

    particularly the Department of Social Welfare and Development.

    The agency is responsible in helping these orphan children copewith the present situation and feeling that they belong to the group.

    T bl 2 3

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    Table 2.3

    Extent of the Lived Experiences of the Orphan

    Children

    (Emotional)

    Statements Frequency Percentage

    1. Get support from DSWD 3.46 Very Extensive

    2. Share emotions andfeelings with other orphanchildren

    2.73 Extensive

    3. Appreciates sacrifices andsufferings in life

    2.40 Less Extensive

    4. Confer with DSWD

    employees

    2,70 Extensive

    5. Develop positive attitudewith what is happening

    2.70 Extensive

    Average Weighted Mean 2.82 Extensive

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    Legend: 1.00 1.75 - Not Extensive

    1.76 2.50 - Less Extensive

    2.51 3.25 Extensive3.26 4.00 Very Extensive

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    Accepting everything as challenges and opportunities for

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    Accepting everything as challenges and opportunities for

    growth (2.80) interpreted as Moderately Extensive. This is

    sometimes experienced by the orphan children for the reason that

    they still do not accept what is happening to them and blamed their

    parents for abandoning and neglecting them.Allows advices and criticisms (2.80) interpreted as Moderately

    Extensive. This is sometimes experienced by the orphan children

    for the reason that they are still young and they are not capable of

    taking these advices and criticisms seriously.

    Summing all of the mean ratings, it obtained an averageweighted mean of 2.81 interpreted as Moderately Extensive. This

    means that this sometimes affect the orphan children.

    Psychological wellness should be promoted in order to ensure

    sound mental health and thus live healthy lifestyles which should not

    be taken for granted but given emphasis as to its importance. It

    paves the way for these orphan children to be given the assistanceand letting them understand the situation in order to ensure

    acceptance.

    Childrens mental health is an important though neglected

    problem. The role of the people in the DSWD needs to promote

    psychological wellness of the children.

    T bl 2 4

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    Table 2.4

    Extent of the Lived Experiences of Orphan Children

    (Psychological)

    Statements Frequency Percentage

    1. Understand the thingsthat are happening

    2.63 Moderately Extensive

    2. Engage in activities thatare productive andworthwhile

    2.90 Moderately Extensive

    3. Open for interaction withother orphan children

    2.93 Moderately Extensive

    4. Accepting everything aschallenges and opportunities

    for growth

    2.80 Moderately Extensive

    5. Allows advices andcriticisms

    2.80 Moderately Extensive

    Average Weighted Mean 2.81 ModeratelyExtensive

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    Legend: 1.00 1.75 - Not Extensive

    1.76 2.50 - Less Extensive

    2.51 3.25 Extensive3.26 4.00 Very Extensive

    RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFILE AND THE EXTENT

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    RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFILE AND THE EXTENT

    OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE LIVED

    EXPERIENCES OF ORPHAN CHILDREN

    Table 4 shows whether there is significant relationship between

    profile and the extent of the psychological effects of the lived

    experiences of orphan children. As shown in table whether there is

    significant relationship between age and gender, it obtained chi-

    square of 12.46 which is greater than the critical value of 7.81 which

    means the rejection of the hypothesis. The findings implied that

    there is significant relationship. According to Erik Erikson

    psychosocial growth and development, the individual has its own

    distinguishing characteristics. The period of school age and young

    adolescents are still immature and not capable of making decisions.

    The younger the individual means the less mature and capable inmaking decisions (Surensen, 2005).

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    In terms of gender and the extent of the effects, it obtained chi-

    square value of 4.56 which is lesser than the critical value of 7.81

    which means the acceptance of the hypothesis. There is no

    significant relationship between gender and the extent of the effectsof the lived experiences of orphan children. Gender is not a factor

    that affects the experiences of the orphan children for their being

    boy and girl does not have a significant impact since they are still

    incapable of making decisions and are dependent on the family and

    significant others (Hurlock, 2006).

    In terms of length of stay and extent of the effects, it obtained

    chi-square value of 23.46 which is greater than the critical value of

    16.92 which means the rejection of the hypothesis. The findings

    implied that there is relationship between the length of stay and the

    extent of the effects. The longer of stay, the more the individual is

    accustomed with the environment.The findings revealed that it is on the profile of age and length

    of stay does have a significant relationship on the extent of the

    effects of the lived experiences of orphan children.

    Table 4

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    Table 4

    Relationship Between Profile and the

    Extent of the Effects of the Lived Experiences

    of Orphan Children

    Variables df Chi-square

    Criticalvalue

    Decision Interpretation

    Age andExtent of

    Effects

    3 12.46 7.81 Reject Ho Significant

    Relationship

    Genderand extentof effects

    3 4.56 7.81 AcceptHo

    NotSignifica

    nt

    Length ofStay andextent ofeffects

    9 23.46 16.92 Reject Ho Significant

    Relationship

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    PROPOSED HOLISTIC

    ORPHAN GUIDEThe proposed holistic orphan guide aims to promote wellness

    among the orphan children. Orphan children are deprived of the

    opportunities for a good living and considered unfortunate and

    underprivileged. It is important to promote their wellness through

    attending to their needs physically, mentally, socially and

    emotionally. It should not be taken for granted but given emphasis

    as to its importance

    Department of Social welfare and Development is the agency

    of the government responsible in meeting the needs of these orphan

    children. It should not be taken for granted but given emphasis as to

    its importance.

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    Objectives

    The following are the objectives:

    To assess the needs of the orphan children;

    To address the needs of these orphan children; and

    To develop positive attitude of the orphan children

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    Key Areas Objectives Strategies PersonnelInvolved

    Time Frame SuccessIndicators

    Physical

    Needs

    To meet the

    physical

    needs

    Assessment

    Provision of

    Physical

    Needs

    DSWD

    Orphan

    Children

    Throughout

    the Period

    Well taken

    cared physical

    needs

    Social needs To promote

    social

    interaction

    Assessment

    Interaction

    DSWD

    Orphan

    Children

    Throughout

    the Period

    Gaining of

    friends

    Emotional

    Needs

    To enhance

    coping with

    the students

    Assessment

    Comforting

    Measures

    Group

    Activities

    DSWD

    Orphan

    Children

    Throughout

    the Period

    Gaining of

    friends

    Psychological

    Needs

    To promote

    mental health

    Assessment

    Counseling

    Interaction

    DSWD

    Orphan

    Children

    Throughout

    the Period

    Gaining of

    friends

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    CHA

    PTE

    R III

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    SUMMARY OF FINDINGS,

    CONCLUSIONSAND

    RECOMMENDATIONS

    Chapter III deals with the

    summary of findings, draws the

    conclusions and offers the

    recommendations.

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    SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

    The study determined the lived experiences of orphan children

    in the Department of Social welfare Development of Cebu City. The

    outcome of the study served as basis for a proposed holistic orphan

    guide. The study is limited to the discussion on the profile of the

    respondents as to age, gender and length of stay; the extent of the

    lived experiences of the orphan children in terms of physical, social,

    emotional and psychological; determine whether there is significant

    relationship between profile and the extent of lived experiences ofthe respondents in terms of physical, social, emotional and

    psychological; and the proposed holistic orphan guide can be

    formulated.

    The researchers made of the descriptive-correlational method

    of research in assessing the lived experience of orphan children.Quantitative research employed the use of the survey questionnaire

    in the gathering of important data relevant to the study.

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    FINDINGS

    The following are the findings of the study: The profile revealed

    that majority of the orphan children belonged to 11 -15 years of age,boys and stay for 1-3 years. The extent of the effects of lived

    experiences of orphan children: Physical Effects were Very

    Extensive; Social Effects were Extensive; Emotional Effects were

    Extensive and Psychological Effects were Extensive. There is

    significant relationship on the profile of age and length of stay and

    the extent of the effects of lived experiences of orphan children.

    Measures are envisioned in the enhancement of the lived

    experiences of orphan children.

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    CONCLUSION

    From the facts presented in the study, a conclusion is drawn

    that the social, emotional and psychological effects are Extensive

    while Physical effects are Very Extensive. There is significantrelationship on the profile of age and length of stay and the extent of

    the effects of the lived experiences of orphan children.

    It is anchored on the theory of Attachment of John Bolwby. It

    describes attachment a lasting psychological connectedness

    between human beings. Bowlby believed that the earliest bondsformed by children with their caregivers have a tremendous impact

    that continues throughout life.

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    B I B L I O G RAP H Y

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    BIBLIOGRAPHY

    A. Books

    Brandz, Vince (2008). Psychology. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co.

    Buencansejo, Efreen (2006). Social Issues. Makati: R.P.

    Garcia Publishing Co.

    Hill, Klarine (2006). Psychology for Modern Living. Philadelphia:

    W.B. Saunders Co.

    Hunt, Oclaris (2002). Basics in Psychology. New York: Harper and

    Row Publishing Co.

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    Hurlock, Elizabeth (2003). Introduction to Psychology.

    Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.

    Morgan, Cherry (2006). Psychological Perspective. Chicago:

    Milwaukee Publishing Co.

    Polit, Denise and Cherry Beck (2008). Nursing Research.

    U.S.A.: Addison Wesley Publishing Co.

    Surensen, Malm (2002). Psychology. Boston: Houghton Mifflin

    Co.

    Socorro, Manuel (2006). Social Problems. Manila:Phoenix Publishing Co.

    Whitney, Frederick (2003). Elements ofResearch. New York:

    McGraw-Hill Co.

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    B. Journals

    Ayieko, B (2007). Parental Neglect. Journal on Psychology. Vol.

    5 No. 33.

    Chirambo, V and K. Caesar (2003). Vulnerability of Orphan

    Children. Journal on Psychology. Vol. 12 No. 15.

    Kelly, Claire (2003). Psychological Distress of Orphan Children.Journal on Psychology. Vol. 22 No. 10.

    Louw, Edwards and Orr, Beverly (2001), Losing a Parents.

    Nursing Journal. Volume 2 No. 11.

    Petralba, Katherine (2005). Positive Orphan Child.

    Social Issues. Vol. 13 No. 4.

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    C. Internet Sources

    Experience of Orphanage Children accessed through

    www.family.jrank.com retrieved last March 20, 2011.

    Orphan Child accessed through www.suite2011.

    retrieved last March 22, 2011.

    Orphan Children, accessed through www.wikipedia.com

    retrieved last January 25, 2011.

    Meaning of Orphan accessed through www.orphan.com

    retrieved last March 20, 2011.

    Mission and Vision of DSWD accessed through www.dswd.gov.ph

    retrieved last February 16, 2011.

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    AP P E N D I C ES

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    Appendix A-1

    Transmittal Letter Addressed to the

    Dean of the College of Nursing

    Dr. Lucris A. Tan

    Dean College of Nursing

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    Dean, College of Nursing

    Southwestern University

    Cebu City

    Dear Sir:

    Good day!

    We, the Level III nursing students of Southwestern University are conducting a study entitled,

    LIVED EXPERIENCE OF ORPHAN CHILDREN. In lieu of this, we have the honor to ask

    permission from your good office that we would be allowed to conduct the study among the

    orphan children. Rest assured that the responses will be held with strict confidence and would

    only be used for study purposes.

    Thanking in advance for the anticipated favor.

    Lord Jossenel Q. Mejido

    Group Leader

    Noted by:

    Mrs. Ma. Liza V. Dionaldo

    Adviser

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    Appendix A-2

    Transmittal Letter Addressed to

    the Head of DSWD

    TheHead

    DSWD

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    Cebu City

    Dear Madam:

    Good day!

    We, the Level III nursing students of Southwestern University are conducting a study entitled, LIVEDEXPERIENCE OF ORPHAN CHILDREN. In lieu of this, we have the honor to ask permission from your goodoffice that we would be allowed to conduct the study among the orphan children in your entity. Your giving of thepermission could go a long way in the realization of this undertaking. Rest assured that the responses will be heldwith strict confidence and would only be used for study purposes.

    Thanking in advance for the anticipated favor.

    Lord Jossenel Q. Mejido

    Group Leader

    Noted by:

    Mrs. Ma. Liza V. Dionaldo

    Adviser

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    Appendix B

    Questionnaire

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    DearRespondents:

    Kindly answer the questionnaire with sincerity and honesty. Restassured that the responses will be held with strict confidence and

    would only be used for study purposes.

    Thank you.

    PROFILE

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    PROFILE:

    Age:________

    Gender

    ( ) boy

    ( ) girl

    Length of Stay

    ( ) less than a year( ) 1 3 years

    ( ) 4 6 years

    ( ) 7 and above

    EXTENT OF THE EFFECTS OF LIVED EXPERIENCES OF

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    EXTENT OF THE EFFECTS OF LIVED EXPERIENCES OF

    ORPHAN CHILDREN

    On the right hand column, kindly check the extent of the effects of

    lived experiences of Orphan Children.4 Strongly Agree - This means that they always experience.

    3 Agree -- This means that they sometimes experience.

    2 Disagree -- This means that they seldom experience.

    1 Strongly Disagree -- This means that they never experience.

    Effects of Lived SA A D SD

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    Effects of Lived

    Experience

    SA A D SD

    Physical

    1) Attend to the

    needs promptly

    2) Performs

    hygienic measures

    3) Engage in

    physical activities

    4) Maintain

    cleanliness

    5) Eat foods

    regularly

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    Social

    1) Socialwithdrawal from

    others

    2) Wants to be

    alone

    3) Shy to face

    strange people

    4) Unresponsive

    with visitors

    5) Interacts with

    others

    E ti l

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    Emotional

    1) Get support from

    DSWD

    2) Share emotions

    and feelings with

    other orphan children

    3) Appreciates

    sacrifices and

    sufferings in life

    4) Confer with DSWD

    employees

    5) Develop positive

    attitude with what is

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    Psychological

    1) Understand the things

    that are happening

    2) Engage in activities that

    are productive and

    worthwhile

    3) Open for interaction with

    other orphan children

    4) Accepting everything as

    challenges and

    opportunities for growth

    5) Allow advices and

    criticisms

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    -END-