LIVEABLE CITIES for the 21st Century · bicycle lanes, street trees, 2 lanes for 2 way traffic, and...
Transcript of LIVEABLE CITIES for the 21st Century · bicycle lanes, street trees, 2 lanes for 2 way traffic, and...
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JAN GEHL, PROFESSOR, DR. LITT.
FOUNDING PARTNER: GEHL ARCHITECTS
URBAN QUALITY CONSULTANTS, COPENHAGEN
LIVEABLE CITIES –for the 21st Century
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1960 CHANGE OF PARADIGME 1
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City Planning based on Modernisstic Ideology
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Human Scale completely shattered
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We form the cities –then the cities form us
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From 1950´s….
Carinvasion
1960 CHANGE OF PARADIGME 2
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City Planning based on cheap Gasoline
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5 km/hour
Architecture
•small spaces
•small signals
•details
•people
•close up´s + distant
views
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60 km/hour Architecture
•large spaces
•huge signals
•no details
•no people
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Jane Jacobs *
1961
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Strøget (main street)
pedestrianized 1962
1962 1986
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Those were the days when
architects were big, and people
were quite smal....
Graduation
1960
The all time low point of City planning
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Vietnam, 2008 Bangladesh, 2008 Iran, 2010
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2010: After 50
years: Another
change of
Paradigme
WANTED:
- Lively, livable City
- Safe City
- Sustainable City
- Healthy City
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Lively City
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Safe city
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Sustainable City
A good Public Realm is a crucial factor
for good Public Transportation
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”Houston -the City with the
fattest people of the World”
Healthy City
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Suggestion for simple
City improvement Policy
”In this City everything will be
done to invite people to walk and
bicycle as much as possible in
the course of their daily day
doings”
(Keyword is indeed inviting)
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Copenhagen 1962-2012 (region 1.3 million )
From traffic place to people place - a steady people
friendly developement for 50 years!!!
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In 1962 all 18 squares were
parking lots
- now they are all people squares
1953 • 1974
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1975
1985
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Public Space-Public Life Surweys: Copenhagen 1968, 1985, 1995 (+2005)
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Many more People are walking in the city
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4 times more people spend
time in the city
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In only 40 years the good season has been
extended from 2 to 10 months
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Copenhagen Street:
2 Sidewalks, 2 proper
bicycle lanes, street
trees, 2 lanes for 2 way
traffic, and a substan-
tial median to facilitate
crossing the street
”We do not have to
think and act as 1960s
traffic engineers for
ever -times are
changing and traffic
engineers are by now
much smarter”
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Priority for pedestrians and bicyclists Sidewalks and bicycle tracks across side streets
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City of Copenhagen
New Strategy 2009 “Best City in the World for People”
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-on a citywide network of bicycle lanes
Bicycling in Copenhagen
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-an efficient, citywide
transportation system
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Bicycles are taken
straight through the
street crossings and
the lanes are marked
with blue
Bicycle signals turns
green six seconds before
the car signals
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Trains & Metro
welcoming
bicycles
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A bicycle culture have step by step been
developed
Everybody bikes
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Going to work in the City of Copenhagen
37% use bicycle
27% drive car
33% use public transit
5% walk
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City of Copenhagen: Bicycle Strategy 2011 ”From rather good to being best in the World”
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Oct 2011: New Danish Government arriving on bicycles at
the Palace to be commissioned by the Queen.
No Limousines no more?
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Worlds Most Liveable Cities 2010 (”Monocle”)
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Suggestion for simple
City improvement Policy
”In this City everything will be
done to invite people to walk and
bicycle as much as possible in
the course of their daily day
doings”
(Keyword is indeed inviting)
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Melbourne, - 3 mio. Inh.
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The Age c. 1980
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Places for People 1994 Report by Jan Gehl
Places for People 2004
Report Gehl
Architects
www.gehlarchitects.dk
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Pedestrian traffic weekdays daytime: +40%
Pedestrian traffic evening: +100 %
Stationary activities +200-300%
MELBOURNE City Center 1994-2004
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Retail
Residential
Office Vacancies
Employment
Bars and Pubs
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Copenhagen Melbourne oct 07
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A CITY GOOD AT PARTIES, OLYMPICS and SUMMITS….
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….. BUT NOT SO GLORIOUS FOR THE EVERYDAY LIFE
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Main Street in Sydney to be transformed
to Pedestrians, Bicycles and Light Rail
Present situation George St. After conversion
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1. Zurich
2. Helsinki
3. Copenhagen
4. Vienna
5. Munich
6. Melbourne
7. Tokyo
8. Sydney
9. Auckland
10. Stockholm
World’s Most Liveable Cities,
Monocle 2012
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GREATER NEW YORK GREENER,
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9th Ave. Apr.08
9th Ave. Sep.08
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Phot:DOT/NYC
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2010
1. Bilbao
2. Melbourne
2012
1. New York
2. Copenhagen / Malmø
Lee Kuan Yew World City Prize
(Singapore)
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Moscow 2012
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WELCOME TO THE 21st CENTURY
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”Welcome to London”
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Enjoy yourself in EuroLille (Rem Koolhaas)
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Cities for People” Available in all major languages !!
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2010
Cities for People” Available in all major languages !!
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Copenhagen City Architect Tina Saabye
”For all of us, People planning is on our minds”
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Developing Cities
Dhaka,
Bangladesh
Hanoi, Vietnam
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Major complaint :
Serious congestions -on the bicycle lanes
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