Monosaccharides

Little hexagon/pentagon things

Basics

• Contain:– Carbon– Hydrogen– Oxygen– Nothing Else

A Little Bonding Session

• Carbon does 4 bonds• Nitrogen does 3 bonds• Oxygen does 2 bonds• Hydrogen does 1 bond

Shimple Shtuff

Trioses

• Three carbon sugars

• This one is called: glyceraldehyde• Aldehyde means this part:

Make me, you know you want to!

Hexoses

• Six Carbon Sugars. – Glucose– Fructose– Galactose

• Can be straight chain or, more often than not, in a ring

Glucose

• Straight chain:Make it

again, Sam

Glucose

• Ring form:– Two versions: Alpha and Beta

Drawing Glucose• Has been a question in an exam!

• Alpha=DUDD Beta=DUDU (spot the irony).

Make it as

we go along!

Ribose and Deoxyribose• Found in RNA and DNA.

• Yes, you are supposed to know about them. Not their structures though, so it’s not all bad!

Monosaccharides

• All the sugars we’ve looked at have had the same basic formula.

• Have you spotted the pattern?!• Complete:

CnH?O?

• All monosaccharides are: Soluble and…

SWEET!