Little Book of Meat Facts - HCC / Meat Promotion Wales · Hybu Cig Cymru – Meat Promotion Wales...

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Little Book of Meat FactsCompendium of Welsh Red Meat and Livestock Industry Statistics 2019

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means without the prior written consent of HCC. Whilst all reasonable care has been taken in preparation, no warranty is given as to its accuracy and to the maximum extent permitted by law no liability accepted for any loss or damage caused by reliance upon any statement or omission from this publication.

Hybu Cig Cymru – Meat Promotion Wales (HCC) is the industry led organisation responsible for the development, promotion and marketing of Welsh red meat.

Development within the IndustryHCC undertakes research and development, dissemination of information and training relevant to each part of the supply chain, to ensure the Welsh red meat industry is in a position to improve quality, increase cost-effectiveness and add value to Welsh red meat products across the whole supply chain.

Market DevelopmentHCC is active in many important markets worldwide: developing and strengthening business opportunities for Welsh red meat exporters.

At home HCC works with retailers, independents and food service operators, undertaking regular promotional programmes for Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) Welsh Lamb and Welsh Beef.

CommunicatingHCC ensures that information regarding developments relating to Welsh red meat are made known to stakeholders and consumers.

For more information on any of the above topics, please visit the website at meatpromotion.wales or contact HCC on 01970 625050 or by email at [email protected]

Contents

1

Foreword

Contents

2

Section 1 – General InformationFigure 1.1 Most common farm types in Wales, by region, June 2018 ..... 7Table 1.1 Human population and land area by Welsh region and

UK country, 2017 ...................................................................................... 8Table 1.2 Agricultural holdings by size (ha) and by UK country, 2017 . 8Table 1.3 Welsh holdings by farm type, June 2018 ....................................... 9Figure 1.2 Distribution of farms, cattle and sheep by farm type 2018 ..... 9Table 1.4 Value of Welsh agricultural output, 2017 ...................................10Table 1.5 Contribution of agriculture to the regional UK

economies, 2018 .....................................................................................11Table 1.6 Farm business income by country and type of farm ..............11Table 1.7 Direct payments to farmers in the UK ..........................................12Table 1.8 Prinicipal grants and subsidies - total payment in Wales .........12Table 1.9 Number and throughputs of all Welsh abattoirs .....................13Figure 1.3 Changes in Welsh abattoir numbers ..............................................13Figure 1.4 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Cattle,

England & Wales, 2018 .......................................................................14Figure 1.5 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Sheep,

England & Wales, 2018 .......................................................................14Table 1.10 Auction markets by size of finished stock throughput in

Wales, 2018 ...............................................................................................15Table 1.11 Auction market throughputs of finished stock by GB

country, 2018 ............................................................................................15Table 1.12 Abattoirs in Wales slaughtering cattle, sheep and pigs,

March 2019 ................................................................................................16Figure 1.6 Changes in total UK meat consumption ......................................17Figure 1.7 Changes in red meat purchases by product in

GB, 2017/18 ...............................................................................................18Figure 1.8 Comparison of retail market share by meat type in GB ........18Figure 1.9 Retailer volume share of total red meat trade in GB, 2018 ..19

Page

Contents

3

Page

Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.1 Beef cattle density in Wales, June 2018 .......................................20Figure 2.2 Dairy cattle density in Wales, June 2018 .....................................21Table 2.1 Welsh cattle numbers by category ................................................22Table 2.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with

beef and dairy cows ...............................................................................22Figure 2.3 Changes in cattle numbers in Wales .............................................23Figure 2.4 Calf registrations on holdings in Wales, 2018 ...........................23Table 2.3 Suckler calf production costs in Wales, 2017/18 .....................24Table 2.4 Throughput of cattle and calves in Welsh abattoirs ..............25Table 2.5 Total cattle slaughterings by UK country, 2018 .......................25Table 2.6 Percentage distribution of prime cattle carcases in GB

by conformation and fat class, 2018 .............................................26Table 2.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in

Wales slaughtering cattle ...................................................................26Figure 2.5 Retailer volume shares of beef sales in GB, 2016-2018 .......27Table 2.8 Changes in beef purchases, expenditure and average price

in Wales & GB, 2017/18 ......................................................................27Table 2.9 Volume and value of UK beef imports ..........................................28Table 2.10 Volume and value of UK beef exports ..........................................28Table 2.11 UK beef imports ......................................................................................29Table 2.12 UK beef exports ......................................................................................30Table 2.13 UK monthly beef trade, 2018 ............................................................30Table 2.14 Deadweight cattle prices in England and Wales ......................31Table 2.15 Liveweight cattle prices in England and Wales ........................32Table 2.16 Rearing calf prices in England and Wales ...................................32Figure 2.6 Seasonality of prime cattle liveweight prices, England

and Wales, 2015-2018 ..........................................................................33Table 2.17 Store cattle prices in England and Wales ....................................33Figure 2.7 Seasonality of beef sales at GB retail by cut .............................34Figure 2.8 Age profile of male and female prime cattle at

GB abattoirs, 2018 ..................................................................................35Figure 2.9 Retail beef cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018 .............................35

4

Contents

Section 2 – Cattle (cont)Table 2.18 Retail prices for selected beef cuts in GB ...................................36Table 2.19 GB farm to retail price spread – beef ............................................37Figure 2.10 Changes in beef retail price spread ................................................38Table 2.20 UK beef and veal balance sheet ......................................................38

Section 3 – SheepFigure 3.1 Sheep and lamb density in Wales, June 2018 ............................39Table 3.1 Sheep numbers in Wales by category .......................................... 40Table 3.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with sheep ........... 40Figure 3.2 Changes in breeding ewe numbers in Wales ............................ 40Table 3.3 Lamb production costs in Wales, 2016/17 ..................................41Table 3.4 Throughput of total sheep in Welsh abattoirs ..........................42Table 3.5 Total sheep slaughterings by UK country, 2018 .......................42Table 3.6 Percentage distribution of lamb carcases

in Wales by conformation and fat class, 2018 ...........................43Table 3.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in

Wales slaughtering sheep ..................................................................43Figure 3.3 Retailer volume shares of lamb sales in GB, 2016-2018 ..... 44Table 3.8 Changes in lamb purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18 ....................................................... 44Table 3.9 Volume and value of UK sheep meat imports ...........................45Table 3.10 Volume and value of UK sheep meat exports ...........................45Table 3.11 UK sheep meat imports ...................................................................... 46Table 3.12 UK sheep meat exports .......................................................................47Table 3.13 UK monthly sheep meat trade, 2018 .............................................47Table 3.14 Deadweight sheep prices in GB .......................................................48Table 3.15 Liveweight sheep prices in Wales ...................................................49Figure 3.4 Seasonality of prime lamb liveweight prices, Wales,

2015-2018 ..................................................................................................50Table 3.16 Store sheep prices in England and Wales ....................................50Figure 3.5 Seasonality of lamb sales at GB retail by cut ............................51Table 3.17 Retail prices for selected lamb cuts in GB ..................................52Figure 3.6 Retail lamb cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018 ............................53

Page

Contents

5

PageSection 3 – Sheep (cont)Figure 3.7 Percentage of lambs meeting target specification by

weight range in Wales, 2018 .............................................................53Table 3.18 GB farm to retail price spread – lamb ...........................................54Figure 3.8 Changes in lamb retail price spread ..............................................55Table 3.19 UK sheep meat balance sheet ..........................................................55

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.1 Pig numbers in Wales by category..................................................56Table 4.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with pigs ................56Figure 4.1 Changes in breeding pig numbers in Wales ...............................56Table 4.3 Throughput of pigs in Welsh abattoirs .........................................57Table 4.4 Total pig slaughterings by UK country, 2018.............................57Table 4.5 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in

Wales slaughtering pigs ......................................................................58Figure 4.2 Retailer volume share of pork sales in GB, 2016-2018 .........58Table 4.6 Changes in pork purchases, expenditure and average price

in Wales and GB, 2017/18 ..................................................................59Table 4.7 Volume and value of UK pig meat imports .................................59Table 4.8 Volume and value of UK pig meat exports .................................60Table 4.9 UK pig meat imports .............................................................................60Table 4.10 UK pig meat exports .............................................................................61Table 4.11 UK monthly pork trade, 2018 ............................................................62Table 4.12 Deadweight pig prices in GB .............................................................63Figure 4.3 Seasonality of pork sales at GB retail by cut ............................ 64Table 4.13 Retail prices for selected pork cuts in GB ...................................65Figure 4.4 Retail pork cuts sold by volume in GB by volume, 2018 ......66Table 4.14 GB farm to retail price spread – pork ............................................67Figure 4.5 Changes in pork retail price spread ................................................68Table 4.15 UK pig meat balance sheet ................................................................68

6

Notes and abbreviations

Volume data is shown in tonnes, carcase weight equivalent, unless otherwise specified.

Kantar Worldpanel data for 2018 is for the 52 week period ending 30 December 2018. The Kantar Worldpanel data was reported at the end of June 2019 and is subject to revision.

North East Wales: Denbighshire, Flintshire, Conwy, Wrexham

North West Wales: Isle of Anglesey, Gwynedd

South Wales: Swansea, Neath Port Talbot, Bridgend, Vale of Glamorgan, Cardiff, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Merthyr Tydfil, Caerphilly, Blaenau Gwent, Torfaen, Monmouthshire, Newport

Figures in the tables do not always add up to the totals shown because of rounding.

AHDB Agriculture and Horticulture Development BoardAPP All Pig PriceBCMS British Cattle Movement ServiceDAPP Deadweight Average Pig PricesDARDNI Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Northern IrelandDefra Department for Environment, Food and Rural AffairsEFS Expenditure and Food SurveyEU European UnionFSA Food Standards AgencyGBU GB Livestock UnitsGVA Gross Value AddedHa HectareHCC Meat Promotion WalesIAAS Institute of Auctioneers and Appraisers in ScotlandLAA Livestock Auctioneers AssociationLFA Less Favoured AreaRPA Rural Payments AgencySQQ Standard Quality QuotationSPP Standard Pig Price

- = nonena= not available

Where dates are written, for example, as 2018/19, this implies the financial year from April 2018 to March 2019.

Cartography By TSD GI Policy Unit

Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO.

© Crown copyright and database right 2019. All rights reserved. Welsh Government. Licence number 100017916.

Cartography by LNFDLNFD Ref: HCC_2019

Data source - Agricultural small area statistics, 2002 to 2018

Most common farm type, by region, in Wales

FarmTypeDairyCattle & Sheep (LFA)Cattle & Sheep (Lowland)

Section 1 – General Information

7

Figure 1.1 Most common farm types in Wales, by region, June 2018

Source: GI Services Branch, DEPC, Aberystwyth © Crown copyright

KeyMain Farm Type

Dairy Cattle & sheep (lowland) Cattle & sheep (LFA)


8

Table 1.1 Human population and land area by Welsh region and by UK country, 2017

Table 1.2 Agricultural holdings by size (hectares) by UK country, 2017

Source: Welsh Government

Note: may not total 100% due to rounding. England figures for 2018 are currently unavailable and so this table has not been updated with UK 2018 dataSource: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2017, Defra

Human population(000 head)

Land area(sq km)

Carmarthenshire 186 2,372Ceredigion 73 1,790North East Wales 503 2,910North West Wales 194 3,262Pembrokeshire 125 1,619Powys 133 5,196South Wales 1,912 3,630

Wales 3,125 20,780England 55,619 130,281Scotland 5,425 77,925Northern Ireland 1,871 13,576United Kingdom 66,040 242,562

Wales England Scotland Northern Ireland

Number of holdings (000) 35 106 51 25Total area (000 ha) 1,687 9,176 5,754 1,020Average area (ha) 48 87 113 41% of total numbers<20 ha 54.3 39.6 62.7 40.020-49.9 ha 17.1 19.8 11.8 36.050-99.9 ha 14.3 17.0 9.8 16.0>100 ha 14.3 23.6 17.6 8.0% of total area on holdings with 100 hectares and over:

60.6 75.2 88.0 34.3


9


Table 1.3 Welsh holdings by farm type, June 2018

(a) Combination of cropping with various types of livestock(b) Mainly grass and forage or specialist horses(c) Holdings with small amounts of agricultural activity are grouped together irrespective of farm type. Note: Numbers may not total 100% due to rounding.Source: Welsh Government

Holdings(number)

Share of total(%)

Cattle and sheep (LFA) 6,451 16.5 Cattle and sheep (lowland) 1,178 3.0 Dairy 1,547 4.0 Mixed (a) 367 0.9 Cereals 268 0.7 Specialist pigs or poultry 144 0.4 Horticulture 155 0.4 General cropping 88 0.2 Other types (b) 161 0.4 Very small (c) 14,043 36.0 Dormant holdings 14,590 37.4 Total number of holdings 38,992

0Dairy Cattle & sheep

(LFA)Cattle & sheep

(non-LFA)Other types Very small

Farms Cattle

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Sheep

%

Figure 1.2 Distribution of farms, cattle and sheep by farm type 2018



10

Table 1.4 Value of Welsh agricultural output, 2017

(a) Investment in buildings, work physically undertaken by the farmer and the value of the physical increase in breeding livestock.

Note: Numbers may not total 100% due to rounding.Source: Welsh Government, Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra

Value (£ million)

Share of total value %

Milk & milk products 517 32.5

Finished cattle 311 19.5

Finished sheep & lambs 238 14.9

Poultry & eggs 91 5.7

Store cattle & sheep sales 122 7.7

Finished pigs 6 0.4

Total cereal 22 1.4

Horticulture & potatoes 70 4.4

Other products 23 1.4

Capital formation in livestock (a) 62 3.9

Other agricultural activities 130 8.2

Total Wales 1,592

Total England 19,266

Total Scotland 3,106

Total Northern Ireland 2,103United Kingdom 26,068


11

Table 1.5 Contribution of agriculture to the regional UK economies, 2018 (p)

Table 1.6 Farm business income by country and type of farm

(p) Provisional Note: England data based on commercial holdings only.Source: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra

(p) ProvisionalNote: Standard output typology.Source: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra

Agricultural gross value added (GVA)

at basic prices

Total income from farming

Agriculture’s share of total regional

workforce (£ million) (£ million) (%)

Wales 498 308 3.7 England 7,349 3,358 1.2 Scotland 1,186 672 2.6 Northern Ireland 553 360 6.1 United Kingdom 9,586 4,697 1.5

(At current prices)2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 (p)

(£000/farm)Wales:

Dairy 31.5 82.5 64.5Grazing livestock (LFA) 23.0 27.0 24.5Grazing livestock (lowland) 22.5 24.0 17.0

England:Dairy 50.0 119.5 93.0Grazing livestock (LFA) 27.0 28.5 24.0Grazing livestock (lowland) 16.0 22.0 16.0Specialist pigs 58.0 31.5 1.0

Scotland:Dairy 34.5 73.0 n/aGrazing livestock (LFA) 23.5 24.5 n/a

Northern Ireland:Dairy 23.5 68.0 51.5Grazing livestock (LFA) 21.5 17.5 14.5


12

Table 1.7 Direct payments to farmers in the UK

Table 1.8 Principal grants and subsidies in Wales

(a) Includes one-off payments(p) Provisional Source: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra

2016 2017 2018 (p)

(£ million)

Basic/Single Payment Scheme 2,654 2,730 2,750

Agri-environment schemes 435 399 436

LFA support schemes 84 82 74

Animal disease compensation 21 24 23

Other (a) 33 4 -

2016 2017 2018

(£ million)

Basic Payment Scheme 224.2 235.3 230.7

Glastir Advanced 16.3 11.7 14.2

Glastir Entry 12.7 20.1 17.5

Glastir Commons 1.1 5.3 5.2

Glastir Woodland 2.8 3.5 4.4

Glastir Organic 3.9 4.1 4.0

Glastir Small Grants - 1.1 2.1

- not applicableNote: Payments are made on a continuous basis and as such are always subject to revision.Source: Welsh Government


13

Table 1.9 Number and throughputs of all Welsh abattoirs

* GB Livestock Unit = 1 cattle beast = 5 sheep = 2 pigsNote: Numbers may not total 100%, due to rounding.Source: HCC

Abattoirs (number) Throughputs (%)

GB Livestock Units* 2017 2018 2017 2018

0-1,000 4 4 0.2 0.2

1,001-10,000 11 10 6.7 6.0

10,001-30,000 1 1 1.6 1.6

30,001-100,000 1 1 9.8 10.3

100,001 and over 3 3 81.7 81.8

Total 20 19

92/9

393

/94

94/9

595

/96

96/9

797

/98

98/9

999

/00

00/0

101

/02

02/0

320

0320

0420

0520

0620

0720

0820

0920

1020

1120

1220

1320

140

10

20

30

40

5020

1520

1620

17

Number

2018

Figure 1.3 Changes in Welsh abattoir numbers*

* Figures for 2004-2018 are for calendar years; previous figures relate to year ended March.Source: HCC


14

Figure 1.4 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Cattle, England and Wales, 2018

Source: AHDB, LAA

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Prime cattle Cull cows

Number

Figure 1.5 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Sheep, England and Wales, 2018

Source: AHDB, LAA

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000


Prime lambs Cull ewes

Number


15

Table 1.10 Auction markets by size of finished stock throughput in Wales, 2018

Table 1.11 Auction market throughputs of finished stock by GB country, 2018

* GB Livestock Unit = 1 cattle beast = 5 sheep = 2 pigsSource: AHDB, LAA

Source: AHDB, LAA, IAAS

GB Livestock Units* Number of markets

Total marketings

(GBU)

Average throughput

(GBU)

Share of throughput

(%)

1-5,000 13 37,454 2,881 12.3

5,001-10,000 5 41,469 8,294 13.6

10,001-15,000 4 51,163 12,791 16.7

15,001-30,000 1 28,687 28,687 9.4

30,001 and over 3 146,688 48,896 48.0

Total 26 305,461 11,749 100.0

(000 head) Wales England Scotland GB

Total prime cattle 8 159 17 184

Cull cows 10 95 30 135

Total prime sheep 1,039 3,525 810 5,374

Cull ewes 396 1,283 276 1,955

Clean pigs - 39 - 39

Cull sows - 8 - 8

16

Section 1 – General InformationTable 1.12 Abattoirs in Wales slaughtering cattle, sheep and pigs,

March 2019

Plants listed in alphabetical order.Source: HCC

Trading Name Location Species Slaughtering

Cig Calon Cymru 2010 Cyf Cross Hands Cattle Sheep

Cig Eryri - Snowdonia Meats Blaenau Ffestiniog Cattle Sheep

Cig Oen Caron Tregaron Cattle Sheep Pigs

CJ & AJ Butler Ltd T/AS Hugh Phillips Gower Butcher Swansea Cattle Sheep Pigs

Conwy Valley Meats Ltd Llanrwst Cattle Sheep

D & J Thomas Wrexham Cattle Sheep Pigs

D T Havard, Caerphilly abattoir Caerphilly Cattle Sheep Pigs

Dunbia (Wales) Llanybydder Sheep

E T Jones & Sons & Daughter Holyhead Cattle Sheep Pigs

Farmers Fresh (Wales) Ltd Wrexham Sheep

G R Evans & Co Corwen Cattle Sheep Pigs

Jones Bros Wrexham Cattle Sheep Pigs

M K (Wales) Ltd Maesteg Cattle Sheep Pigs

N S James Raglan Sheep Pigs

Randall Parker Foods Ltd Llanidloes Cattle Sheep

St Merryn Meats (Kepak Group) Merthyr Tydfil Cattle Sheep

W J George (Butchers) Ltd Brecon Cattle Sheep Pigs

Williams Lloyd Williams and Son Machynlleth Cattle Sheep Pigs


17

1993

19

94

1995

19

96

1997

19

98

1999

20

00

2001

20

02

2003

20

04

2005

20

06

2007

20

08

2009

20

10

2011

20

12

2013

20

14 0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

2015

20

16

Beef & veal Sheep meat Pig meat Poultry

000 tonnes

2017

20

18


Source: Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, AHDB

Figure 1.6 Changes in total UK meat consumption

0

10

20

40

Beef Lamb Pork Other red meat2016 2017 2018

%

30

50

60

Pork loin roasting

Beef roasting

Beef stewingLamb

Lamb stewing

Pork belly

Lamb chops/steaks

BeefPork leg roasting joint

Lamb leg roasting joint

Pork

Lamb shoulder roasting joint

Lamb mince

Pork chops/steaks

Pork shoulder roasting joint

Beef mince

Beef frying/grilling

% change

11.42.4

1.2

-2.5-2.7

-4.8-6.9

-7.6-8.9-9.2-9.3-9.4

-10.8-26.1

-1.8-0.6-0.4


18

Figure 1.7 Changes in red meat purchases by product in GB, 2017/18

Figure 1.8 Comparison of retail market share by red meat type in GB

Source: Kantar Worldpanel



19

Figure 1.9 Retailer volume share of total red meat trade in GB, 2018


0

20

40

60

80

100

Total red meat Beef Lamb Pork Total butchers All others Total supermarkets

%




Density of Beef cattle per hectare of grassland by Agricultural Small Area




Beef Cattle - All non-dairy females aged 2 year and aboveGrassland - Permanent pasture, rough grazing, new grass and common land


Beef Densityunder 0.10.1 - 0.20.2 - 0.3at least 0.3

2020

Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.1 Beef cattle density in Wales, June 2018

KeyDensity of beef cattle per hectare of grassland

under 0.1 0.1 - 0.2 0.2 - 0.3 at least 0.3






Dairy Cattle - All dairy aged 2 years and aboveGrassland - Permanent pasture, rough grazing, new grass and common land


Density of Dairy cattle per hectare of grassland by Agricultural Small Area

Dairy Densityunder 0.10.1 - 0.20.2 - 0.40.4 - 0.8at least 0.8

2121

Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.2 Dairy cattle density in Wales, June 2018

KeyDensity of dairy cattle per hectare of grassland

under 0.1 0.1 - 0.2 0.2 - 0.4 0.4 - 0.8 at least 0.8

2222

Section 2 – CattleTable 2.1 Welsh cattle numbers by category

Table 2.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with beef and dairy cows

Source: Cattle Tracing System

(a) Females aged 2 years or more that have calvedSource: Cattle Tracing System

(000 head) June 2016 June 2017 June 2018

Cattle aged 2 years or more 545 551 553

– Female dairy breeds 298 301 304

– Female non-dairy breeds 209 210 210

– Males 38 39 39

Cattle aged 1-2 years 263 265 259



– Males 99 100 96

Cattle under 1 year 327 322 323



– Males 140 136 136

Total cattle and calves 1,134 1,137 1,134

June 2008 June 2018

Dairy females (a) 228,614 254,255

Number of dairy cow holdings 3,643 2,666

Average dairy herd size (head) 63 95

Beef females (a) 189,519 166,607

Number of beef cow holdings 8,817 7,202

Average beef size herd (head) 21 23

Total number of cattle and calf holdings 12,430 10,430

000 head

2010 2011 2012 2013 2015200210220230240250260270280290300310320330

Cows > 2yrs, non-dairy breedsCalves < 1yr Cattle 1 - 2 yrs

Cows > 2yrs, dairy breeds

2014 20172016 2018


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

Janu

ary

Febr

uary

Mar

ch

April

May

June July

Augu

stSe

ptem

ber

Octo

ber

Nove

mbe

rDe

cem

ber

Female (Dairy)

Number

Male (Dairy) Female (Beef) Male (Beef)


Figure 2.4 Calf registrations on holdings in Wales, 2018

2323

Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.3 Changes in cattle numbers in Wales

2424

Section 2 – Cattle

All farms (average)

Bottom third (high cost)

Top third (low cost)

(pence per kg liveweight)Feed & forage 50 72 30Veterinary & medicines 13 18 10Other 16 22 9Total variable costs 80 112 49

Herd replacement 18 18 12

Labour 8 13 4Power & machinery 64 79 50Finance & general farm costs 53 72 36Rent 7 12 3Total fixed costs 133 176 93

Total costs 230 305 154

Table 2.3 Suckler calf production costs in Wales, 2017/18

* Data relates to financial year ended March 2018. Based on 44 suckler herds. Top third and bottom third rankings are determined by net margin. Total costs comprise variable, fixed and herd replacement costs.Source: Farm Business Survey in Wales

2525


Wales England Scotland Great Britain Northern Ireland

(000 head)

140 1,757 459 2,357 454

Table 2.4 Throughput of cattle and calves in Welsh abattoirs

Table 2.5 Total cattle slaughterings by UK country, 2018

Source: Defra

Source: Defra

Slaughterings(000 head)

Production(000 tonnes)

2016 147.2 45.4

2017 133.8 40.6

2018 139.4 41.5

2018 by month:

January 11.1 3.3

February 10.1 3.0

March 10.9 3.2

April 10.0 3.0

May 11.3 3.4

June 10.4 3.1

July 10.5 3.3

August 12.3 3.6

September 11.6 3.5

October 14.7 4.2

November 14.5 4.3

December 11.9 3.6

2626

Section 2 – CattleTable 2.6 Percentage distribution of prime cattle carcases in GB by

conformation and fat class, 2018

Source: AHDB

* Figures from Welsh Red Meat Levy returnsSource: HCC

1 2 3 4L 4H 5L 5H OverallE 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5U+ 0.1 1.0 2.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.0-U 0.1 1.6 6.1 6.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 15.1R 0.2 3.0 16.1 19.2 5.7 0.3 0.0 44.6O+ 0.1 1.6 8.0 9.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 22.7-O 0.2 1.5 5.4 3.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 11.0P+ 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7-P 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4Overall 1.1 9.7 38.7 39.4 10.4 0.6 0.1

Table 2.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in Wales slaughtering cattle*

Abattoirs (number) Throughputs (000 head)

Annual throughput: 2017 2018 2017 2018

0-1,000 10 9 2.4 2.2

1,001-5,000 4 4 7.9 7.1

5,001 and over 3 3 99.8 107.8

Total 17 16 110.0 117.1

Fat class Increasing fatness

Conf

orm

atio

n cl

ass

Impr

ovin

g co

nfor

mat

ion

2727


1 2 3 4L 4H 5L 5H OverallE 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5U+ 0.1 1.0 2.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.0-U 0.1 1.6 6.1 6.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 15.1R 0.2 3.0 16.1 19.2 5.7 0.3 0.0 44.6O+ 0.1 1.6 8.0 9.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 22.7-O 0.2 1.5 5.4 3.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 11.0P+ 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7-P 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4Overall 1.1 9.7 38.7 39.4 10.4 0.6 0.1

Beef purchases (tonnes)

Beef purchases (% change)

Beef expenditure (£ million)

Beef expenditure (% change)

Beef average

price (£/kg)

Beef average

price (% change)

Wales 13,821 -2.0 107.1 -3.4 7.8 -0.1

GB 281,306 -1.8 2,204.2 -2.0 7.8 -1.5


Tesco

2016 2017 2018

Morriso

nsAsd

a

Waitros

e

The C

o-Ope

rativeLid

lAldi

Butch

ers

All Oth

ers

Sains

bury'

s0

5

10

15

20

25%

Table 2.8 Changes in beef purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18

Figure 2.5 Retailer volume share of beef sales in GB 2016-2018


2828

Section 2 – CattleTable 2.9 Volume and value of UK beef imports

Table 2.10 Volume and value of UK beef exports

Note: Volumes are shipped product weight. Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

Note: Volumes are shipped product weight. Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

Fresh/frozen beef and veal Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)

2011 235.4 858.1 24.2 17.7

2012 236.3 867.4 26.7 17.6

2013 241.3 953.1 24.5 14.1

2014 254.8 981.9 19.3 14.8

2015 269.7 1,032.6 16.8 16.8

2016 263.6 1,016.1 13.2 19.0

2017 275.5 1,077.2 9.1 15.7

2018 289.3 1,166.0 18.9 21.7

Fresh/frozen beef and veal Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)

2011 143.6 437.5 33.4 38.9

2012 119.8 388.9 32.2 33.3

2013 105.3 372.9 33.1 41.0

2014 112.3 374.9 44.2 62.8

2015 100.5 342.2 47.7 60.8

2016 110.4 369.3 42.2 52.8

2017 105.6 405.1 40.1 56.5

2018 110.5 435.1 38.4 59.3

2929


2016 2017 2018

(000 tonnes, product weight)

Total beef and veal 263.6 275.5 289.3

Of which from: Irish Republic 183.5 194.0 210.5

Netherlands 19.5 20.7 19.3

Germany 14.6 19.6 17.2

Spain 11.4 10.3 8.9

Italy 4.5 3.4 4.5

Poland 3.6 2.5 3.6

France 1.7 3.4 3.1

Belgium 1.7 2.5 3.0

Uruguay 4.0 3.9 3.0

Denmark 3.1 2.2 2.7

Shares by type:

Frozen 71.4 79.8 94.3

Fresh/chilled 192.2 195.6 195.1

Processed beef 77.9 79.8 70.4

Of which from: Brazil 26.1 20.6 22.9

Table 2.11 UK beef imports

Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

3030

Section 2 – CattleTable 2.12 UK beef exports



2016 2017 2018


Total beef and veal 110.4 105.6 110.5

Of which to: Irish Republic 36.3 34.2 36.4


France 8.9 8.2 9.2

Italy 4.0 7.1 7.2

Germany 5.5 5.1 5.4

Belgium 3.6 4.0 5.1

Table 2.13 UK monthly beef trade, 2018

UK beef imports UK beef exports


January 22.9 9.6

February 22.3 9.2

March 27.0 10.5

April 22.2 9.4

May 23.1 9.4

June 24.3 8.4

July 23.3 7.6

August 23.3 8.0

September 25.6 8.7

October 25.7 9.6

November 25.9 10.4

December 23.8 9.6

3131

Section 2 – CattleTable 2.14 Deadweight cattle prices in England and Wales*

* Prices collected from a sample of abattoirs slaughtering more than 20,000 cattle annually.Source: AHDB

R4L steers R4L young bulls R4L heifers -O4L cows

(pence per kilogram deadweight)

2016 344.7 322.8 343.2 225.7

2017 369.8 348.5 368.1 262.0

2018 372.7 352.5 371.2 263.2

2018 by month:

January 370.2 342.4 369.6 263.7

February 365.4 340.4 365.9 274.0

March 367.8 351.3 367.2 278.3

April 372.0 358.9 372.2 280.6

May 377.8 363.1 375.5 284.0

June 379.7 362.9 379.1 286.9

July 373.3 349.8 372.0 267.8

August 371.9 345.2 369.0 259.2

September 380.1 349.7 378.1 265.3

October 377.0 351.9 374.7 246.5

November 372.3 340.8 369.1 232.4

December 365.5 334.7 361.6 225.4

3232

Section 2 – CattleTable 2.15 Liveweight cattle prices in England and Wales*

* Prices collected from English and Welsh auction markets. Source: AHDB, LAA

Steers Young bulls Heifers Cull cows

(pence per kilogram liveweight)

2016 178.7 169.5 193.2 96.6

2017 189.8 183.3 202.0 113.4

2018 190.2 184.3 203.1 112.7

2018 by month:

January 190.9 185.8 202.5 113.7

February 191.7 185.8 203.9 122.1

March 194.5 188.4 205.1 123.8

April 194.1 188.7 203.5 123.3

May 196.6 188.7 206.4 129.3

June 195.1 187.0 205.2 128.8

July 186.5 181.6 200.8 110.4

August 191.2 186.9 207.4 110.4

September 186.9 183.0 202.5 110.7

October 181.7 177.9 198.6 97.0

November 185.3 179.6 201.1 91.2

December 187.8 178.4 203.4 92.4

Table 2.16 Rearing calf prices in England and Wales

Source: AHDB, LAA

Friesian/ Holstein Hereford X Continental X

(£/head) Bulls Bulls Heifers Bulls Heifers2016 41.6 187.3 138.3 238.0 193.3

2017 44.8 173.1 129.3 236.9 195.7

2018 39.0 140.5 95.3 207.8 158.1

3333


140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220


Penc

e pe

r kilo

gram

2015 2016 2017 2018

Figure 2.6 Seasonality of prime cattle liveweight prices, England and Wales, 2015-2018

Source: AHDB Beef and Lamb, LAA

Table 2.17 Store cattle prices in England and Wales

Source: AHDB, LAA

Yearlings 18 months 2 years(£/head) Steers Heifers Steers Heifers Steers HeifersFriesian/Holstein X

2016 362.6 322.4 519.4 447.5 648.1 587.6

2017 403.7 381.0 572.9 499.5 704.2 639.1

2018 380.0 341.6 555.9 482.0 697.1 602.8

Hereford X

2016 643.5 496.7 770.2 632.7 882.3 739.0

2017 668.5 522.8 792.3 648.5 919.1 779.7

2018 635.2 479.8 746.5 603.9 894.2 741.0

Continental X

2016 843.2 732.6 938.0 832.0 1,013.4 902.3

2017 885.3 769.7 975.3 866.5 1,059.2 950.0

2018 862.1 746.2 929.9 824.0 1,031.0 921.6

3434



Figure 2.7 Seasonality of beef sales at GB retail by cut 2018

0

Beef minceBeef frying/grilling Beef roasting Beef stewing

10

20

30

40

50

60% market share (cuts)

28-Ja

n-18

25-F

eb-1

8

25-M

ar-18

20-M

ay-1

8

17-Ju

n-18

12-A

ug-1

8

09-S

ep-1

8

07-O

ct-18

02-D

ec-1

8

30-D

ec-1

8

22-A

pr-1

8

15-Ju

l-18

04-N

ov-1

8

5,000

tonnes (cumulative)

0

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Beef other Beef (cumulative sales)

4 week period ending

3535



Figure 2.8 Age profile of male and female prime cattle at GB abattoirs, 2018

101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536

FemaleMale

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Number

Age (months)

Figure 2.9 Retail beef cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018

Beef roastingBeef stewingBeef frying/grillingBeef minceBeef other

16.0%

3.0%

11.0%

18.2%

51.6%


3636


Table 2.18 Retail prices for selected beef cuts in GB*

* Prices collected from a representative sample of multiple retailers, independent retailers and butchers.Source: AHDB

Topside Sirloin steak Fillet steak Standard mince

(pence per kilogram)

2016 1,052 2,144 3,508 553

2017 1,065 2,180 3,573 548

2018 1,095 2,207 3,694 516

2018 by month:

January 1,082 2,206 3,690 535

February 1,108 2,206 3,674 537

March 1,060 2,219 3,669 536

April 1,089 2,218 3,708 523

May 1,065 2,203 3,681 510

June 1,122 2,201 3,716 508

July 1,103 2,201 3,716 508

August 1,110 2,201 3,704 508

September 1,097 2,201 3,665 499

October 1,098 2,206 3,673 501

November 1,132 2,208 3,716 511

December 1,068 2,209 3,717 513

3737

Section 2 – CattleTable 2.19 GB farm to retail price spread – beef

* Retail prices have been converted to an untrimmed carcase equivalent. Adjustment has also been made for drip loss. The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB

Average farm price

Average retail price* Price spread

(pence per kilogram) (%)2016 334.5 688.3 51.4

2017 359.4 698.6 48.6

2018 355.4 711.9 50.1

2018 by month:

Jan 359.1 710.9 49.5

Feb 355.0 717.5 50.5

Mar 357.6 708.9 49.6

Apr 362.4 711.6 49.1

May 366.5 706.9 48.2

Jun 369.9 718.2 48.5

Jul 362.1 714.2 49.3

Aug 359.3 711.6 49.5

Sep 369.0 705.6 47.7

Oct 364.5 710.9 48.7

Nov 349.2 718.2 51.4

Dec 342.7 708.9 51.7

3838


Table 2.20 UK beef and veal balance sheet*

* Total supplies of meat available for consumption. All weights are carcase weight equivalent. Source: AHDB, Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, ONS.

2016 2017 2018(000 tonnes)

Production 911.9 904.7 922.5Imports 422.8 442.7 452.8Exports 143.6 139.9 147.1Total consumption 1,191.1 1,207.6 1,228.2

Per capita consumption (kg/person/year) 18.3 18.3 18.4

Self sufficiency (%) 76.6 74.9 75.2

Figure 2.10 Changes in beef retail price spread*

* The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20144042444648

5250

54565860

%

20152016 2017 2018


Density of Total Sheep per hectare of grassland by Agricultural Small Area




Total Sheep - All Sheep and lambsGrassland - Permanent pasture, rough grazing, new grass and common land


Sheep Densityunder 22 - 44 - 8at least 8

39

Section 3 – Sheep


Figure 3.1 Sheep and lamb density in Wales, June 2018

KeyDensity of total sheep per hectare of grassland

under 2 2 - 4 4 - 8 at least 8

40

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.1 Sheep numbers in Wales by category

Table 3.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with sheep



(000 head) June 2016 June 2017 June 2018

Breeding ewes 4,600 4,700 4,400

Other sheep, over one year 81 78 90

Lambs under one year 4,705 4,890 4,585

Total sheep and lambs 9,810 10,037 9,531

June 2008 June 2018Number of sheep and lamb holdings 15,160 13,755 Average flock size (head) 562 693

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

000 head20

1520

16

2018

2017


Figure 3.2 Changes in breeding ewe numbers in Wales

41

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.3 Lamb production costs in Wales, 2017/18*

* Data relates to financial year ended March 2018. Based on 127 farms. Top third and bottom third rankings are determined by net margin. Total costs comprise variable, fixed and flock replacement costs.Source: Farm Business Survey in Wales

All farms (average)

Bottom third (high cost)

Top third (low cost)

(pence per kg liveweight)

Feed & forage 62 75 46

Veterinary & medicines 12 13 10

Other 20 21 18

Total variable costs 94 109 74

Flock replacement 22 27 21

Labour 4 6 3

Power & machinery 41 52 31

Finance & general farm costs 36 47 26

Rent 7 10 5

Total fixed costs 88 115 65

Total costs 204 251 160

42

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.4 Throughput of total sheep in Welsh abattoirs

Source: Defra



2016 3,480.3 64.2

2017 3,369.5 62.9

2018 3,282.7 60.8

2018 by month:

Jan 295.4 5.4

Feb 237.7 4.4

Mar 239.5 4.5

Apr 157.0 3.0

May 185.8 3.5

Jun 184.3 3.4

Jul 265.9 4.9

Aug 328.4 6.0

Sep 317.2 5.9

Oct 381.7 7.1

Nov 362.4 6.7

Dec 327.5 5.9


(000 head)

3,280 9,599 1,120 14,000 419

Table 3.5 Total sheep slaughterings by UK country, 2018

Source: Defra

43

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.6 Percentage distribution of lamb carcases in Wales by

conformation and fat class, 2018

Source: AHDB


Table 3.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in Wales slaughtering sheep*



0-5,000 6 7 10.0 14.8

5,001-20,000 8 7 88.1 82.8

20,001-50,000 2 1 58.0 28.4

50,001 and over 4 4 3,209.3 3,170.3

Total 20 19 3,365.5 3,296.3

1 2 3L 3H 4L 4H 5 OverallE 0.0 1.7 5.7 2.6 0.7 0.1 0.0 10.8U 0.1 4.0 15.2 7.8 2.0 0.2 0.0 29.4R 0.6 10.8 22.2 11.5 3.0 0.5 0.1 48.7O 0.8 4.2 4.1 1.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 11.1P 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Overall 1.6 20.7 47.2 23.6 6.0 0.9 0.2

Fat class Increasing fatness

Conf

orm

atio

n cl

ass

Impr

ovin

g co

nfor

mat

ion

44

Section 3 – Sheep

Tesco

2016 2017 2018

Sains

bury'

sAsd

a

Morriso

ns Aldi Lidl

Icelan

d

Waitros

e

Butch

ers

All Oth

ers0

5

10

15

20

25%

Table 3.8 Changes in lamb purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18


Figure 3.3 Retailer volume shares of lamb sales in GB, 2016-2018


Lamb purchases (tonnes)

Lamb purchases (% change)

Lamb expenditure (£ million)

Lamb expenditure (% change)

Lamb average

price (£/kg)

Lamb average price (% change)

Wales 3,248 -11.1 29.7 0.5 9.1 8.2

GB 62,291 -9.1 580.4 -1.0 9.3 6.3

45

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.9 Volume and value of UK sheep meat imports

Table 3.10 Volume and value of UK sheep meat exports

Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

Fresh/frozen sheep meat Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)

2010 100.7 382.5 14.0 18.8

2011 88.3 411.9 10.9 17.5

2012 86.2 368.9 8.8 12.9

2013 98.3 382.9 10.0 13.6

2014 92.5 407.4 9.8 14.1

2015 92.8 392.0 7.7 13.3

2016 89.6 345.1 8.5 16.0

2017 80.2 370.0 7.6 11.0

2018 77.5 373.5 8.7 14.2

Fresh/frozen sheep meat Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)

2010 89.1 320.1 4.0 3.9

2011 96.4 373.9 3.4 3.9

2012 94.7 352.4 3.8 4.7

2013 103.7 383.7 3.0 4.1

2014 102.0 380.0 3.0 4.4

2015 79.4 302.1 4.1 6.4

2016 78.1 327.1 6.5 9.1

2017 89.8 385.1 5.7 9.4

2018 83.2 367.6 5.2 8.9

46

Section 3 – Sheep

2016 2017 2018


Total sheep meat 89.6 80.2 77.5

Of which from: New Zealand 66.9 52.0 50.9

Australia 11.4 11.2 9.7

Irish Republic 6.1 9.5 7.4

Spain 1.2 1.3 1.4

Shares by type:

Carcases 2.4 3.0 3.4

Bone-in cuts 52.5 50.0 48.0

Boneless cuts 34.7 27.2 26.1

Frozen 54.9 46.1 46.1

Fresh/chilled 34.7 34.1 31.3

Table 3.11 UK sheep meat imports


47

Section 3 – Sheep


Table 3.13 UK monthly sheep meat trade, 2018

UK sheep meat imports UK sheep meat exports


January 6.6 7.3

February 5.5 6.5

March 10.4 7.3

April 7.9 5.1

May 6.4 4.7

June 8.2 5.1

July 8.0 5.7

August 4.6 7.5

September 4.4 7.7

October 3.7 8.5

November 4.8 8.5

December 7.0 9.2

Table 3.12 UK sheep meat exports


2016 2017 2018(000 tonnes, product weight)

Total sheep meat 78.1 89.8 83.2

Of which to: France 40.3 40.8 35.6

Germany 10.9 14.1 15.2


Belgium 6.6 7.7 7.7


Italy 3.3 3.7 3.4

Hong Kong 2.1 3.7 2.7

Shares by type:

Carcases 51.4 56.0 52.5

Bone-in/boneless cuts 26.7 33.8 30.6

48

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.14 Deadweight sheep prices in GB*

* Prices collected from a sample of GB abattoirs. Standard Quality Quotation includes animals weighing 12-21.5kg dw. Methodology for reporting deadweight sheep prices has been revised. Old season prices are recorded until the third monday in May, and new season prices for the remainder of the year. The annual series has also been chaged to tally. Source: AHDB

Standard Quality Quotation (SQQ)R3L All grades

(pence per kilogram deadweight)

2016 407.1 405.5

2017 417.4 415.8

2018 445.1 444.1

2018 by month:

January 418.1 415.2

February 475.6 470.1

March 525.0 520.5

April 576.5 570.4

May 574.4 570.9

June 521.3 524.4

July 433.3 434.8

August 428.1 427.4

September 410.5 410.3

October 390.0 388.9

November 394.6 393.1

December 412.9 410.7

49

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.15 Liveweight sheep prices in Wales*

* Prices collected from Welsh auction markets. Standard Quality Quotation includes animals weighing 25.5-45.5kg lw. Combined prices were reported until third Monday in May. New season prices reported for the remainder of the year. Source: AHDB, LAA

SQQ Sheep (pence per kilogram

liveweight)

Ewes (£ per head)

2016 176.7 54.4

2017 184.8 50.3

2018 193.0 51.8

2018 by month:

January 179.4 47.6

February 202.0 51.4

March 223.6 62.1

April 243.3 64.0

May 246.0 67.5

June 235.5 63.3

July 185.0 50.2

August 180.5 45.9


October 165.0 39.5

November 169.4 40.4

December 180.6 47.0

50

Section 3 – Sheep

Table 3.16 Store sheep prices in England and Wales

Source AHDB, LAA

(£/head) Old season lambs New season lambs

2016 57.2 54.1

2017 54.2 53.4

2018 63.1 54.7

Figure 3.4 Seasonality of lamb liveweight prices, Wales, 2015-2018

Source AHDB, LAA

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

MayJan Feb Mar Apr OctJun Jul Aug Sep DecNov

Penc

e pe

r kilo

gram

2015 2017 20182016

51

Section 3 – SheepFigure 3.5 Seasonality of lamb sales at GB retail by cut 2018


Lamb minceLamb chops/steaks Lamb leg roasting joint

Lamb stewing

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

% market share (cuts)

28-Ja

n-18

25-F

eb-1

8

24-M

ar-18

20-M

ay-1

8

17-Ju

n-18

12-A

ug-1

8

09-S

ep-1

8

07-O

ct-18

02-D

ec-1

8

30-D

ec-1

8

22-A

pr-1

8

15-Ju

l-18

04-N

ov-1

8

2,000

tonnes (cumulative)

0

4,000

6,000

8,000

12,000

Lamb other Lamb (cumulative sales)


Lamb shoulder roasting joint

10,00070

80

52

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.17 Retail prices for selected sheep meat cuts in GB*

* Prices collected from a representative sample of multiple retailers, independent retailers and butchers. Source: AHDB

Whole leg Loin chop Shoulder (bone-in) Diced lamb


2016 1,028 1,453 762 1,193

2017 1,055 1,478 775 1,238

2018 1,097 1,509 818 1,300

2018 by month:

January 1,080 1,490 787 1,263

February 1,081 1,488 771 1,259

March 1,043 1,491 783 1,259

April 1,074 1,518 824 1,297

May 1,121 1,491 846 1,296

June 1,139 1,547 848 1,324

July 1,137 1,542 846 1,319

August 1,131 1,527 841 1,318

September 1,109 1,504 818 1,320

October 1,074 1,503 788 1,299

November 1,118 1,503 834 1,324

December 1,059 1,503 824 1,324

11.4 1.6<12kg

16.2 2.588.0 80.2

40.5 5.212-15.9kg

48.4 12.354.6 40.3

64.0 18.416-19.9kg

69.7 23.517.5 6.3

55.2 41.620+kg

56.7 42.64.2 0.9

53

Section 3 – Sheep


Figure 3.6 Retail lamb cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018

Lamb chop/steaksLamb leg roastingLamb shoulder roastingLamb minceLamb stewingLamb other

25.2%3.8%

9.1%

41.7%

9.6%

10.7%

Source: AHDB

Figure 3.7 Percentage of lambs meeting target specification by weight range in Wales, 2018

11.4 1.6<12kg

16.2 2.588.0 80.2

Old season lambs New season lambs

40.5 5.212-15.9kg

48.4 12.354.6 40.3

64.0 18.416-19.9kg

69.7 23.517.5 6.3

55.2 41.620+kg

56.7 42.64.2 0.9

60.7 28.611.1

Overall

Target sector – E, U, or R conformation. 1, 2 or 3L fatnessToo fat – 3H or fatter but of adequate conformationPoor conformation – O conformation or worse

54

Section 3 – SheepTable 3.18 GB farm to retail price spread – lamb

* Retail prices have been converted to an untrimmed carcase equivalent. Adjustment has also been made for drip loss. The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB

Average farm price


(pence per kilogram) (%)

2016 409.3 804.9 49.1

2017 418.2 824.9 49.3

2018 444.1 856.2 48.1

2018 by month:

January 415.2 837.2 50.4

February 470.1 833.5 43.6

March 520.5 829.8 37.3

April 570.4 854.8 33.3

May 570.9 867.2 34.2

June 524.4 881.9 40.5

July 434.8 879.7 50.6

August 427.4 873.1 51.0

September 410.3 859.9 52.3

October 388.9 843.0 53.9

November 393.1 864.3 54.5

December 410.7 850.4 51.7

Section 3 – Sheep

55

Section 3 – SheepSection 3 – Sheep

Table 3.19 UK sheep meat balance sheet*

* Total supplies of meat available for consumption. All weights are carcase weight equivalent. Source: AHDB, Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, ONS.

2016 2017 2018

(000 tonnes)

Production 287.1 299.3 288.6

Imports 109.0 95.0 91.9

Exports 98.3 94.2 87.3

Total consumption 297.8 300.1 293.2



* The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, wholesaler, transport company and processor.Source: AHDB

Figure 3.8 Changes in lamb retail price spread*

4244

4846

5250

54

5856

60%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20172018

56

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.1 Pig numbers in Wales by category


(000 head) 2016 2017 2018

Breeding pigs 3.8 3.5 3.0

Fattening pigs 19.0 21.0 20.0

Total pigs 23.0 24.5 23.0

Table 4.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with pigs


June 2008 June 2018Number of pig holdings 983 1,357Average herd size (head) 21 17

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

000 head

2017

2018


Figure 4.1 Changes in breeding pig numbers in Wales

57

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.3 Throughput of pigs in Welsh abattoirs

Source: Defra



2016 31.4 2.6

2017 29.2 2.4

2018 28.5 2.3

2018 by month:

January 1.9 0.2

February 2.1 0.2

March 2.2 0.2

April 2.2 0.2

May 2.4 0.2

June 2.3 0.2

July 2.5 0.2

August 2.5 0.2

September 2.5 0.2

October 2.5 0.2

November 2.6 0.2

December 2.9 0.2


(000 head)

29 8,852 345 9,226 1,712

Table 4.4 Total pig slaughterings by UK country, 2018

Source: Defra

58

Section 4 – Pigs


Table 4.5 Numbers and throughputs of abattoirs in Wales slaughtering pigs*



0-1,000 5 5 1.6 1.5

1,001 and over 7 7 27.6 27.5

Total 12 12 29.1 29.0


Figure 4.2 Retailer volume shares of pork sales in GB, 2016-2018

Tesco

2016 2017 2018

Asda

Sains

bury'

s

Morriso

ns Aldi Lidl

Icelan

d

Waitros

e

Butch

ers

All Oth

ers0

5

10

15

20

25%

59

Section 4 – Pigs

Pork purchases (tonnes)

Pork purchases (% change)

Pork expenditure (£ million)

Pork expenditure (% change)

Pork average

price (£/kg)

Pork average

price (% change)

Wales 8,832 1.9 41.0 3.2 4.6 1.3

GB 160,033 -0.4 750.6 0.1 4.7 0.5

Table 4.6 Changes in pork purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18


Table 4.7 Volume and value of UK pig meat imports

* Includes bacon, sausage, hams and canned pig meat.Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

Fresh/frozen Processed* Offal(000

tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million) (000

tonnes) (£ million)

2010 363.2 656.2 485.9 1,242.2 11.2 8.9

2011 372.8 723.8 500.7 1,350.0 12.5 9.3

2012 349.2 690.2 506.6 1,397.9 15.8 13.0

2013 351.8 739.8 490.2 1,454.4 14.6 13.7

2014 358.1 699.4 504.4 1,443.8 11.0 11.2

2015 371.8 613.4 514.0 1,343.2 12.4 11.3

2016 439.9 778.2 515.1 1,444.0 16.0 14.3

2017 467.0 943.9 512.6 n/a 18.1 17.8

2018 457.8 854.4 516.5 n/a 15.5 15.6

60

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.8 Volume and value of UK pig meat exports

* Includes bacon, sausage, hams and canned pig meat. Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

Fresh/frozen Processed* Offal(000

tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million) (000

tonnes) (£ million)

2010 131.1 148.9 46.0 95.0 27.7 16.5

2011 144.4 171.3 50.4 100.7 34.9 25.0

2012 154.3 189.3 37.5 87.1 48.5 30.2

2013 180.7 218.1 36.4 85.3 41.6 26.1

2014 181.7 209.2 38.3 90.8 45.1 35.0

2015 187.1 197.4 38.3 85.3 58.9 38.5

2016 206.1 252.3 35.4 82.0 77.0 64.4

2017 216.0 293.6 37.2 n/a 81.5 79.7

2018 217.8 291.8 40.4 n/a 88.4 79.1

Table 4.9 UK pig meat imports


2016 2017 2018


Total pork 439.9 467.0 457.8

Of which from: Denmark 169.7 163.6 152.5

Germany 68.5 88.5 95.3


Spain 32.5 40.3 43.6

Belgium 37.7 40.9 38.9


Bacon and ham 242.7 220.1 215.0

Of which from: Netherlands 92.4 103.2 102.4

Denmark 92.5 58.2 55.2

61

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.10 UK pig meat exports


2016 2017 2018


Total pork 206.1 216.0 217.8

Of which to: China 40.0 40.4 40.7

Germany 33.6 31.1 34.1


Denmark 22.1 30.0 25.0


Hong Kong 8.2 7.7 11.0

Bacon and ham 16.4 19.3 21.4

Of which to: Irish Republic 12.0 14.0 16.1

62

Section 4 – Pigs


Table 4.11 UK monthly pork trade, 2018

UK pork imports UK pork exports


January 33.7 17.0

February 31.7 17.6

March 37.8 21.6

April 37.6 17.0

May 38.6 16.3

June 41.1 16.8

July 39.0 16.4

August 36.4 18.2

September 36.5 19.9

October 43.4 21.0

November 45.8 19.8

December 36.3 16.2

63

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.12 Deadweight pig prices in GB

EU specification excludes flare fat, kidney and diaphragm, the UK specification includes these parts.Source: AHDB

SPP (EU Spec) APP (EU Spec)(pence per kilogram deadweight)

2016 129.1 132.1

2017 156.7 160.1

2018 146.8 150.0

2018 by month:

January 147.9 151.0

February 145.8 148.9

March 145.6 148.5

April 145.6 148.6

May 148.2 151.0

June 149.9 152.8

July 150.3 153.0

August 148.8 152.2


October 145.6 149.1

November 143.6 147.9

December 141.9 146.5

64

Section 4 – PigsFigure 4.3 Seasonality of pork sales at GB retail by cut 2018


Pork bellyPork chops/steaks Pork leg roasting jointPork loin roasting

0

5

10

15

20

30

35

% market share (cuts)

2,000

tonnes (cumulative)

0

4,000

8,000

10,000

14,000

Pork other Pork (cumulative sales)


Pork shoulder roasting joint

12,000

40

45 16,000

25

6,000

25-F

eb-1

8

25-M

ar-18

20-M

ay-1

8

17-Ju

n-18

12-A

ug-1

8

09-S

ep-1

8

07-O

ct-18

02-D

ec-1

8

30-D

ec-1

8

22-A

pr-1

8

15-Ju

l-18

04-N

ov-1

8

28-Ja

n-18

65

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.13 Retail prices for selected pork cuts in GB*

* Prices collected from a representative sample of multiple retailers, independent retailers and butchers.Source: AHDB

Leg (boneless) Loin steaks Mince

Traditional premium sausages


2016 629 775 566 537

2017 631 751 562 535

2018 637 736 573 578

2018 by month:

January 632 738 572 580

February 628 721 574 588

March 623 739 574 586

April 643 734 577 583

May 650 732 580 584

June 624 744 582 584

July 643 746 575 589

August 636 727 574 591

September 641 727 569 573

October 643 727 568 556

November 633 746 568 556

December 644 747 568 563

66

Section 4 – Pigs

Pork chops/steaksPork leg roasting jointPork shoulder roast jointPork loin roastingPork bellyPork other

38.9%9.2%

16.8%

14.7%14.7%

5.8%


Figure 4.4 Retail pork cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018

67

Section 4 – PigsTable 4.14 GB farm to retail price spread – pork

* Retail prices have been converted to an untrimmed carcase equivalent. Adjustment has also been made for drip loss.Source: AHDB

Average farm price


(pence per kilogram) (%)

2016 132.1 380.9 65.3

2017 160.1 381.0 58.0

2018 150.0 384.9 61.0

2018 by month:

January 151.0 381.6 60.4

February 148.9 375.5 60.3

March 148.5 379.8 60.9

April 148.6 384.6 61.4

May 151.0 388.9 61.2

June 152.8 385.8 60.4

July 153.0 388.9 60.7

August 152.2 385.8 60.6

September 151.2 387.0 60.9

October 149.1 386.4 61.4

November 147.9 386.4 61.7

December 146.5 388.3 62.3

68

Section 4 – Pigs

Table 4.15 UK pork balance sheet*

* Total supplies of meat available for consumption. All weights are carcase weight equivalent. Source: AHDB, Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, Statistics Germany, Agentia Tributaria, CSO Ireland, ONS.

2016 2017 2018

(000 tonnes)

Production 902.8 902.6 926.6

Imports 1,075.2 1,082.7 1,062.1

Exports 251.3 263.5 266.5

Total consumption 1,726.8 1,721.8 1,722.2



* The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB

Figure 4.5 Changes in pork retail price spread*

56

58

60

62

64

66

68

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

%

2015 2016 2017 2018

Hybu Cig Cymru-Meat Promotion Wales Tŷ Rheidol Parc Merlin, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3FF

Email: [email protected]

© Hybu Cig Cymru 2019

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