Listening Speaking Reading Writing. Listening implies the following processes: 1. receiving…

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THE FOUR LANGUAGE SKILLS Listening Speaking Reading Writing

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 SO, do not confuse listening (which is an intentional focused interactive process) with hearing ( which is casual unintentional receiving of sounds)  In fact the listening we teach to our students is :  “listening comprehension ”

Transcript of Listening Speaking Reading Writing. Listening implies the following processes: 1. receiving…

Page 1: Listening Speaking Reading Writing.  Listening implies the following processes:  1. receiving…

THE FOUR LANGUAGE SKILLS

ListeningSpeaking ReadingWriting

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LISTENING Listening implies the following

processes: 1. receiving sounds (hearing) 2. Attending to sounds 3. Assigning meaning to sounds 4. Preparing a relevant response. In this respect, listening is different from

hearing . صمم … في والقلب مستمع ورب واعية غير أذنا أنلتك لقد

Page 3: Listening Speaking Reading Writing.  Listening implies the following processes:  1. receiving…

LISTENING SO, do not confuse listening (which is an

intentional focused interactive process) with hearing ( which is casual unintentional receiving of sounds)

In fact the listening we teach to our students is :

“listening comprehension”

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LISTENING Sub skills of

listening include: 1. Listening for main

ideas 2. Listening for details 3. listen & draw 4. listen & color 5. listen & do (act) 6. listen & judge (correct)

7. listen & match 8. listen & sequence

(rearrange) 9. listen & respond

(true or false) 10. listen and

summarize 11. listen and analyze 12. listen and criticize

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What is listening?

Hearingand

decoding comprehendible sounds

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SPEAKING Just uttering words and sentences is not

speaking. Rather this may be repeating. True Speaking is to let Ss express their own

ideas, feelings, comments in their own words with their own repertoire e of words and structures.

Don’t confuse speaking with repeating.

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SPEAKING Speaking involves the following

processes: 1. having a topic or comment in mind 2. selecting the relevant vocabulary 3. selecting the relevant structures 4. intertranslation of ideas from mother tongue to F L. 5. pronouncing 6. checking grammar and pronunciation as the stream

of sounds goes. So THE SPEAKING WE TEACH TO OUR SS should be

Speaking Expression

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SPEAKING Speaking subskills

include: 1. pronouncing separate

words 2. pronouncing sentences 3. modifying sentences

(changing tense, agents…)

4. pair talk in games 5. group pronunciation

with songs

6. pair talk with story telling

7. summarizing a topic.

8. dialogues 9. interviews 10. Role play 11. open discussion 12. debates

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What is speaking?

Producingcomprehendible sounds

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READING Reading is not just holding a paper and

pronouncing the symbols written on it. Reading involves the following

processes: 1. moving one’s eyes on the written

material in circles. 2. decoding the symbols into

meaningful chucks of meaning 3. responding to the martial. This can take place at varying speeds

depending on the reader.

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Ben بن MUHAMMAD محمد

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READING Reading exists naturally in silent

reading. Loud reading is however used or purposes other than reading itself.

This means that reading is different from uttering words from paper.

Reading incorporates comprehension and digestion of the written message.

The reading we teach to our Ss is Reading Comprehension

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READING Subskills of reading

include: 1. recognizing letters and

words 2. recognizing meaning

depending on structure Recognizing meaning

depending on context. Reading for the gist (main

idea) Reading for details Reading for pleasure

(extensive reading, skimming) Reading for specific data

( scanning)

Identifying keywords Identifying the writer’s

style Identifying turning points

in the text Identifying the cohesion

markers Critical reading interpretative reading evaluative reading Creative reading (the

reader suggests different ends to stories)

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What is reading?

Decodingcomprehendible SYMBOLS

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WRITING Writing is NOT just holding a pen / pencil

and moving one’s hand on the paper. This can be copying. True writing incorporates the composition

of the S own ideas and comments in his own words by depending on his knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, & writing conventions.

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WRITING Writing involves the following processes: 1. reading to gain info about a topic

(brainstorming) 2. thinking of how the composition will look like

(semantic mapping) 3. writing a first draft 4.Proof reading, and editing 5. Rewriting based on self, peer or teacher

correction 6. Publishing what was written So the writing we teach to our Ss is

Writing Composition

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WRITING Subskills of writing

include: Writing shapes of letters correctly Writing words, & sentences Dictation Rearranging the events in a story Modifying sentences Summarizing a text Finishing sentences finishing stories

Writing paragraphs based on guiding word

writing paragraphs by answering questions

Writing paragraphs by replying to letters

Writing descriptive compositions Writing narrative composition writing expository compositions Writing argumentative

compositions.

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What is writing?

Encodingcomprehendiblesound symbols

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THE FOUR LANGUAGE SKILLS

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TEACHING LISTENINGREQUIREMENTS FOR LISTENING PRACTICE Ability to distinguish between sounds Identify intonational devices Identify grammatical signals: plurals,

possessives, persons, past, comparatives…etc Understand meaning of lexical items Understand cultural aspects Differentiate between written and spoken

language Suitability of the listening material Suitability of the acoustic environment Familiarity with reading/speaking habits. Awareness of the theme.

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The student’s bookThe students’ book

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LISTENING LEVELS OF LISTENING COMPREHENSION - listening for separate sounds Listening for stress and intonation Listening through games and competitions Listening for key words Listening and dictation Listening and drawing Listening to short interviews Listening to dialogues and phone calls. listening to video tapes and films.

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LISTENINGPRECAUTIONS The listening material should be within the capacity of the leaner Giving a brief introduction: purpose of the activity, and nature of

the task. Number of times of listening depending on Ss’ level and length

and difficulty of the passage. Ss do the task as they listen When listening ends, T checks answers T tests Ss’ listening comprehension thro’: - understanding individual words “true or false” - recognizing sentences: by undertaking an action or providing

answers - understanding structure signals: passive, contrast, addition,

clarification - understanding short oral passages: Understanding extending passages.: followed by role play ,

writing or discussions

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Name

Year of birth

Place of birth

Current job

hobbies

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TECHNIQUES FOR LISTENING PRE-LISTENING:

Introduction to the topic Presenting relevant vocabulary Developing expectations Building up predictions

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bleebing is very good.

The children were bleebing happily on the playground.

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TECHNIQUES FOR LISTENINGDURING-LISTENING: Ss listen to two types of listening: 1- for main ideas and to check their

predictions (pausing the cassette for more predictions)

2- for details and to prepare for the comprehension questions afterwards

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TECHNIQUES FOR LISTENING POST-LISTENING: Comprehension questions: to check

understanding and draw on the general meaning of the passage

discussion questions: to actively participate in discussing the text and going beyond the text.

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TECHNIQUES FOR LISTENING A SAMPLE Let’s watch Mr.

Magdy teaching listening

As you are watch check the three stages of teaching listening