Lipids C, H, O

• Do not dissolve in water• Store more energy then

carbohydrates

4 types:triglycerides – fats and oilsphospholipids - make cell

membraneswaxes - protective coveringssteroids

1.Triglycerides – made from fatty acids

a) Saturated Fat- from animals- solid at room temperature- has all single bonds

*unhealthy – can clog arteries

b) Unsaturated fat – plant oilsmonounsaturated – 1 double bondpolyunsaturated – more double bonds

*healthier because it has fewer hydrogens

C) Transfat – artificially made by adding hydrogen to unsaturated fat

(to keep food from spoiling)

May be listed as “partially hydrogenated” oil

2. Phospholipids- make cell membranes

Phospholipids in the cell membrane:

3. Waxes – waterproof coverings

ex: earwaxbeeswaxleaf cuticles

4. Steroids – made from 4 carbon rings

ex: hormones, venom, poisons

Effects of Anabolic Steroids• Bones stop growing• Enlarged heart, increased risk of heart attack• Hypertension• Liver cysts and liver cancer• Increased aggression, anger and hostility• Decreased libido• Depression and suicidal thoughts

Boys: gynocomastia (grow breasts), testicular atrophy, sterility, impotenceGirls: breast shrinkage, abnormal menstrual cycles, beard growth, deepened voice