Lipids
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Transcript of Lipids
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Lipids
5.3
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Lipids Lipids include _______ and ___________
Characteristics: ________________ (____________________) Act as a _________________ that surrounds
the _____________________________________ Help ______________________ from cell to
cell Store _______________________ in your body Act as ______________________
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Fats ________________ (3- carbon backbone) attached to
__________________ that have hydrocarbon chains ____________, _______________, _________________
Saturated fat Fat in which __________________________ contain the
___________ possible number of ____________________ _______________________________________
Ex. Lard and butter; _________ at room temperature
________________ buildup leads to heart disease
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Fats Unsaturated Fat
A fat that contains ____________________ number of ______________ atoms in ________________ of the fatty acid chainsBonding is different
Some of the carbons are ______________
Ex. Corn oil, olive oil, and other vegetable oils
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Fats
Is this fat saturated or unsaturated???
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Steroids A _________ that contains
_________________ of the carbon skeleton Ex: ___________________________________
How are there different types of steroids if they all have the 4 fused rings? ______________________________________
______________________________
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Steroids
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Steroids _______________________
Type of steroid Found in ___________________________ Essential Also needed as a
_____________________ __________________________________
Although it is needed, high levels in the blood can lead to _________________________
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Concept Check What property do lipids share?
What are the parts of a fat molecule?
Describe two ways that steroids differ from fats.
What does the term unsaturated fat on a food label mean?
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Proteins
5.4
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Proteins ______________ Perform Most Functions in Cells
_________________________ _________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
Proteins are ____________ made up of ________ types of _______________________________ The whole point of making DNA is to make
_______________ (hair, muscle, skin, etc)_____________________________
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Proteins Amino Acids
____________________________________________________________________________3 are the same in all amino acids:
____________________________________________________________
The only difference between amino acids is the _______________(_______________)
Each side group has a different function depending on the function of the amino acid
20 types
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Proteins
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Proteins Building a Protein
Proteins are made by _____________________ ____________ called ____________________
Amino acids are linked together by ________________ through _____________________ reactions _____________________ from between amino group
of one amino acid and carboxyl group of the other amino acid
Most polypeptide chains are at least _______ amino acids in length
Lots of combinations of 20 amino acids to make many types of ______________ (like letters in alphabet form lots of different words)
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Proteins Protein Shape
Need ___________ in order to _____________ properlyThink yarn vs. finished sweater
___________________: protein loses shape due to temperature/pH/environment “____________________” Causes _____________________
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Concept Check Give at least two examples of proteins you can "see"
in the world around you. What are their functions?
Relate amino acids, polypeptides, and proteins.
Explain how heat can destroy a protein.
Which parts of an amino acid's structure are the same in all amino acids? Which part is unique?
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Enzymes
5.5
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Enzymes _____________________: ____________________________________________________
________________________________ Breaks bonds in molecule so that atoms can ____________
___________ is a common way to provide activation energy but could destroy cells Therefore, _____________ are used:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The main catalysts in organisms are called ___________ Enzymes don’t supply activation energy to reacting
molecules. They ____________________________________________
________________________________________________
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Enzymes
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Enzymes How Enzymes Work:
_____________________________ Molecule that enzyme works on is called
a _________________ Substrate fits like a “________” into the
enzyme (“___________”)Area where substrate binds is called the _________________
The bonds in the ______________ are ____________, and a reaction occurs new products
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Enzymes
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Enzymes
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Concept Check Explain the role of activation energy in a reaction.
How does an enzyme affect activation energy?
Describe how a substrate interacts with an enzyme.