Lion Auth (1 of 2)

Integrating Lion Into PSU Auth: A Case Study

Roy Long - [email protected] Gallagher - [email protected]

Monday, May 7, 12

mailto:[email protected]




First things first

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May the 4th be with you

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Session Info

• Lion Client / Server setup

• Making 3rd party Kerberos work

• 10.6 Server

• 10.7 Server

• Break

• Managing Lion Clients

• Profile Manager

• ASUS

• MCX

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Lion Integration

• Goals

• Zero Lion client changes

• Out of the box setup

• PSU Kerb w/ Local LDAP accounts

• 10.6.8 or 10.7 server

• working realm name to be department DNS name ie: astro.psu.edu not machinename.astro.psu.edu

• Minimal changes to OS X server (ie: not destroying the local KDC)

• Network home directories via NFS or AFP

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What we’ve learned...

• Existing 10.6.x installation instructions and setup does not work for bound Lion clients

• Similar steps using Lion Server also fail

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Making it work

• Setup the OD Master

• Install the keytabs for PSU AUTH

• tweak /Library/Preferences/edu.mit.Kerberos

• Bind the clients and go!

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Not so fast...

• 10.6 likes this, but clients login without a kerberos ticket.

• 10.7 fails. Miserably.

• opendirectory log is your friend

•$ odutil set log debug

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Heimdal Kerberos

• Syntax differences from MIT Kerberos

• Prefers UDP over TCP

• Appears quirky over edu.mit.Kerberos and /etc/krb5.conf

• Either file is valid but use only one

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The Setup

• 10.6.x server works great, but is extremely picky about the order of the setup.

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The Setup

• Virgin install of 10.6 Server

• Updates are great, but in our testing did not effect the outcome

• Do not enable ANY services...yet...

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The Setup

1. Install the keytabs firstktutil: rkt afpserver.tito.astro.psu.edu.keytab

ktutil: rkt cifs.tito.astro.psu.edu.keytab

ktutil: rkt host.tito.astro.psu.edu.keytab

ktutil: rkt ldap.tito.astro.psu.edu.keytab

ktutil: rkt nfs.tito.astro.psu.edu.keytab

ktutil: wkt /etc/krb5.keytab

ktutil: quit

2. Reboot

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The Setup

3. Enable OpenDirectory Service

Set the diradmin pass

Set the realm name: dept.psu.edu

Set search base: dc=dept,dc=psu,dc=edu

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The Setup

4. Time for edu.mit.Kerberos on the Servercp /Library/Preferences/edu.mit.Kerberos /Library/Preferences/edu.mit.Kerberos.orig

Replace with this:

[libdefaults]! default_realm = dce.psu.edu! dns_fallback = yes[domain_realm]! yourrealm.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu! .yourrealm.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu! .pass.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu! cifs.pass.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu! udrive.win.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu! .win.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu[logging]! kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc/kdc.log! admin_server = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc/kadmin.log

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The Setup

5. Reboot

At boot the Server will read from this file only once

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The Setup

6. Add a user (or all of them)

a) Set the AuthAuthority

b) Save the User

7. Bind Lion client

8. Login

9. You’re done (almost)

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The Setup

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The Setup

• At this point, Lion clients will login

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The Setup


• Note that you have not touched krb5.conf or edu.mit.Kerberos

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The Setup


• Note that you have not touched krb5.conf or edu.mit.Kerberos

• Don’t worry, this configuration will break

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WTF?

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WTF?

• On the server, edu.mit.Kerberos appears to be read during the initial configuration

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WTF?


• Subsequent boots appear to pull from the auto-generated data

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WTF?



• Doing nice things like Software Update or adding a second network interface seem to snap the machine back into shape, er, sort of.

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WTF?



• Doing nice things like Software Update or adding a second network interface seem to snap the machine back into shape, er, sort of.

• How do we fix it?

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edu.mit.Kerberos# WARNING This file is automatically created, if you wish to make changes

# delete the next two lines

# autogenerated from : /LDAPv3/ldap.astro.psu.edu

# generation_id : 459075342

[libdefaults]

! default_realm = dce.psu.edu

! dns_fallback = yes

[domain_realm]

! cifs.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

! astro.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

! .pass.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

! udrive.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

! .win.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

! .astro.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

[logging]

! kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc/kdc.log

! admin_server = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc/kadmin.log

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Autogenerated edu.mit.Kerberos

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Autogenerated edu.mit.Kerberos<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><plist version="1.0"><dict>! <key>edu.mit.kerberos</key>! <dict>! ! <key>domain_realm</key>! ! <dict>! ! ! <key>.astro.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>astro.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>.pass.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>cifs.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>udrive.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>.win.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! </dict>! ! <key>libdefaults</key>! ! <dict>! ! ! <key>default_realm</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>dns_fallback</key>! ! ! <string>yes</string></dict>! </dict>! <key>generationID</key>! <integer>459075342</integer></dict></plist>

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http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd



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11.Delete the hand modified edu.mit.Kerberos file

12. Reboot

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Yay!

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Yay!• At this point, the server no longer cares

about the static edu.mit.Kerberos file

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• Clients will pull this info on first login following a reboot

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• 10.6 clients can force update with:

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kerberosautoconfig -u

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kerberosautoconfig -u

• Copying the binary to Lion supposedly works, but not tested

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Increment by one each time you update<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><plist version="1.0"><dict>! <key>edu.mit.kerberos</key>! <dict>! ! <key>domain_realm</key>! ! <dict>! ! ! <key>.astro.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>astro.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>.pass.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>cifs.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>udrive.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>.win.psu.edu</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! </dict>! ! <key>libdefaults</key>! ! <dict>! ! ! <key>default_realm</key>! ! ! <string>dce.psu.edu</string>! ! ! <key>dns_fallback</key>! ! ! <string>yes</string></dict>! </dict>! <key>generationID</key>! <integer>459075342</integer></dict></plist>

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10.6 Clients

• 10.6 clients will have edu.mit.Kerberos file

• Verify version by autogenerated numbers

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10.7 Clients

• edu.mit.Kerberos will not exist

• Neither will krb5.conf

• Obviously Lion client is reading and referencing the data, but not storing it in a flat file (that we’ve found)

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Bounty!

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Bounty!

• Where is Lion client storing this config data?

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Bounty!

• Where is Lion client storing this config data?

• I will personally thank you via email if you find it!

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Lion Server

• Similar steps to setup

• Syntax differences for adding keytabs

Monday, May 7, 12

Lion Server

1. Install the keytabs

cp /etc/krb5.keytab /etc/krb5.keytab.orig

ktutil copy afpserver.polo.astro.psu.edu.keytab /etc/krb5.keytab

ktutil copy cifs.polo.astro.psu.edu.keytab /etc/krb5.keytab

ktutil copy host.polo.astro.psu.edu.keytab /etc/krb5.keytab

ktutil copy ldap.polo.astro.psu.edu.keytab /etc/krb5.keytab

ktutil copy nfs.polo.astro.psu.edu.keytab /etc/krb5.keytab

ktutil -k /etc/krb5.keytab list

2. Reboot

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Lion Server

3. Setup OpenDirectory

(Same steps at 10.6)

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Lion Server

4. Add edu.mit.Kerberos or /etc/krb5.conf[libdefaults]

default_realm = dce.psu.edu

forwardable = true

proxiable = true

[domain_realm]

astro.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

.astro.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

.pass.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

cifs.pass.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

udrive.win.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

.win.psu.edu = dce.psu.edu

[logging]

kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc/kdc.log

admin_server = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc/kadmin.log

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Lion Server

Text

/System/Library/CoreServices/Directory Utility

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Lion Server

• At this point, 10.6 clients will work

• 10.7 syntax in edu.mit.Kerberos doesn’t seem to break 10.6

• Lion clients fail miserably

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Testing notes

• If you bind and unbind, reboot between steps

• Mixed results if not rebooted

• Start Server setup from virgin

• Mixed results if demoting an OD and starting again

• CCC via Thunderbolt is way cool

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Lion Client

• Lion client + Lion server just not happy

• Still working out why. Stay tuned.

• Small shim to Lion client fixes login problem

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Lion Client

• Changes to /etc/pam.d/authorization# authorization: auth account

auth optional pam_krb5.so use_first_pass use_kcminit

auth optional pam_ntlm.so use_first_pass

auth required pam_opendirectory.so use_first_pass nullok

account required pam_opendirectory.so

# authorization: auth account

auth sufficient pam_krb5.so use_first_pass

auth optional pam_ntlm.so use_first_pass

auth required pam_opendirectory.so use_first_pass


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Lion Client

• Changes to /etc/pam.d/screensaver# screensaver: auth accountauth optional pam_krb5.so use_first_pass use_kcminitauth required pam_opendirectory.so use_first_pass nullokaccount required pam_opendirectory.soaccount sufficient pam_self.soaccount required pam_group.so no_warn group=admin,wheel fail_safeaccount required pam_group.so no_warn deny group=admin,wheel ruser fail_safe

# screensaver: auth accountauth sufficient pam_krb5.so use_first_passauth required pam_opendirectory.so use_first_passaccount required pam_opendirectory.soaccount sufficient pam_self.soaccount required pam_group.so no_warn group=admin,wheel fail_safeaccount required pam_group.so no_warn deny group=admin,wheel ruser fail_safe

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Lion Client

• Changes to /etc/pam.d/sshd# sshd: auth account password sessionauth optional pam_krb5.so use_kcminitauth optional pam_ntlm.so try_first_passauth optional pam_mount.so try_first_passauth sufficient pam_serialnumber.so try_first_pass serverinstallauth required pam_opendirectory.so try_first_passaccount required pam_nologin.soaccount required pam_sacl.so sacl_service=sshaccount required pam_opendirectory.sopassword required pam_opendirectory.sosession required pam_launchd.sosession optional pam_mount.so

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Lion Client

• Changes to /etc/pam.d/sshd# sshd: auth account password session

auth sufficient pam_krb5.so use_kcm_init

auth optional pam_ntlm.so try_first_pass

auth optional pam_mount.so try_first_pass

auth sufficient pam_serialnumber.so try_first_pass serverinstall

auth required pam_opendirectory.so try_first_pass

account required pam_nologin.so

account required pam_sacl.so sacl_service=ssh


password required pam_opendirectory.so

session required pam_launchd.so

session optional pam_mount.so

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What we’ve learned

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• Lion and SL clients behave as expected with 10.6 server

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• Lion Server fails only with Lion clients

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• Searching for Lion Server solution

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• Searching for Lion Server solution

• Goal is to not make any client changes

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Recap

1. Install the keytabs first

2. Reboot the Server

3. Enable OpenDirectory Service

4. Put your edu.mit.Kerberos on the Server


6. Add Users & Fix AuthAuthority

7. Bind the Client

8. Test Logins

9. Fix auto-generated edu.mit.Kerberos


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Questions?

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[email protected] @[email protected] @scottgallagherhttps://wikispaces.psu.edu/display/

Lionkerbauth/Home

Thank You!

Monday, May 7, 12





Lion Auth (1 of 2)

Technology

Transcript of Lion Auth (1 of 2)