Módulo I – Softwares: Softwares Aplicativos Prof.: Rogério Morais.
Linux Softwares and Use
-
Upload
vijay-kumar-reddy -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
0
Transcript of Linux Softwares and Use
![Page 1: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Module-3 Linux Softwares and UseModule-3 Linux Softwares and Use
Tushar B [email protected]
http://snashlug.org [email protected]
![Page 2: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Other: •Ubuntu•Mandriva •SuSE
The right Linux desktop There are two major desktops in the Linux world: GNOME and KDE. Other are: Xmonad, Xfce, Xubuntu
![Page 3: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A Web browser: Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome
Email: Mozilla Thunderbird
Word processor : OpenOffice.org Writer
Presentation program : OpenOffice.org Impress
![Page 4: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Default Fedora Desktop
The default desktop has three distinct areas. From top to bottom, the areas are: The menu panel The desktop area The window list panel
![Page 5: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Desktop AreaThe Desktop Area
● Computer - This contains all volumes (or disks) mounted on the computer. These are also listed in the Places menu. Computer is equivalent to My Computer on Microsoft Windows.
● Home - This is where the logged-in user stores all files by default, such as music, movies, and documents. There is a different home directory for each user, and by default users cannot access each others' home directories. Home is equivalent to My Documents on Microsoft Windows.
● Trash - Deleted files are moved to Trash. Empty Trash by right-clicking the icon and clicking Empty Trash.
![Page 6: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Office Office SoftwareSoftware
word processor,
spreadsheet, presentation and database application
![Page 7: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Calc
![Page 8: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Writer
![Page 9: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Impress
![Page 10: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Web Browser: Web Browser: Firefox
![Page 11: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
OOo Draw: OOo Draw: Drawing
![Page 13: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Other software installedOther software installed
● vlc media player.● qmmp audio player.● Cheese.● Inkscape● Gimp● K3b● Wine● Latex● Gambas● Kazam
![Page 15: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Terminal Window
4 MONITORS
![Page 16: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Linux text-based interfaceLinux text-based interface
command to show the content of current directory
command to show the content of current directory with option -al
The prompt $ shows that bash shell is using
All LINUX commands start with the name of the command and can be followed by options and arguments.
![Page 17: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Linux ShellLinux Shell
Shell interprets the command and request service from kernel
Similar to DOS but DOS has only one set of interface while Linux can select different shell
– Bourne Again shell (Bash), TC shell (Tcsh), Z shell (Zsh)
Kernel
Bash, Tcsh, Zsh
ls pwdwhoami
Different shell has similar but different functionality Bash is the default for Linux Graphical user interface of Linux is in fact an application
program work on the shell
![Page 18: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
File managementFile management
![Page 19: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Directory TreeDirectory Tree(root)
When you log on the the Linux OS using your username you are automatically located in your home directory.
![Page 20: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The most important subdirectories The most important subdirectories inside the root directory are: inside the root directory are:
● /bin : Important Linux commands available to the average user. ● /boot : The files necessary for the system to boot. Not all Linux
distributions use this one. Fedora does. ● /dev : All device drivers. Device drivers are the files that your Linux
system uses to talk to your hardware. For example, there's a file in the /dev directory for your particular make and model of monitor, and all of your Linux computer's communications with the monitor go through that file.
● /etc : System configuration files. ● /home : Every user except root gets her own folder in here, named
for her login account. So, the user who logs in with linda has the directory /home/linda, where all of her personal files are kept.
● /lib : System libraries. Libraries are just bunches of programming code that the programs on your system use to get things done.
![Page 21: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The most important subdirectories The most important subdirectories inside the root directory are:inside the root directory are:
● /mnt : Mount points. When you temporarily load the contents of a CD-ROM or USB drive, you typically use a special name under /mnt. For example, many distributions (including Fedora) come, by default, with the directory /mnt/cdrom, which is where your CD-ROM drive's contents are made accessible.
● /root : The root user's home directory. ● /sbin : Essential commands that are only for the system administrator. ● /tmp : Temporary files and storage space. Don't put anything in here
that you want to keep. Most Linux distributions (including Fedora) are set up to delete any file that's been in this directory longer than three days.
● /usr : Programs and data that can be shared across many systems and don't need to be changed.
● /var : Data that changes constantly (log files that contain information about what's happening on your system, data on its way to the printer, and so on).
![Page 22: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Home directoryHome directory
● You can see what your home directory is called by entering
• pwd (print current working directory)
![Page 23: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Commands:/ (root directory)
/root – home directory of the user root
pwd – you can see your home directory
df – to see disk space available
cd – to change to different directory or to go back to home dir
.. - move to parent directory
ls – list the contents of a directory; Options: -l (more info)
-a (displays hidden files)
-t (sort by time)
-r (oldest first)
Example: ls –ltr : display an long list of files that are sorted by time, display the oldest ones first
Some of the basic commands you should learn are the ones that help you navigate the file system.
![Page 24: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
cp : copy one file to anotherrm : remove a fileman : ask for the manual (or help) of a command
e.g. man cd ask for the manual of the command cdcat : to show the content of a text file
e.g. cat abc.txt show the content of abc.txtwhoami : to show the username of the current user
Directory is denoted by a / (slash) characterExecutable program by a *Hidden file preceded by a . (dot)
![Page 25: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Names in blue are directories, indicated by a letter d at the beginning of the line
The concept of simple file and directory is similar to DOS
![Page 26: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Text editorsText editors
1. Emacs
2. VI editor
3. gedit
Advanced editorsAdvanced editors
1. Netbeans.
2. Eclipse.
![Page 27: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
!=Linux is Not WindowsLinux is Not Windows
Problem #1: Linux isn't exactly the same as Windows.
Problem #2: Linux is too different from Windows
Problem #3: Culture shock
Problem #5: The myth of "user-friendly"
![Page 28: Linux Softwares and Use](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022033107/577cc5b81a28aba7119d06cb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
This presentation is created using LibreOffice Writer 4.1.0.4 available freely under GNU public license.
Thank you