Linked data tutorial 20111102
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Transcript of Linked data tutorial 20111102
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Linked Data TutorialOpen Government Knowledge: AI Opportunities and Challenges (OGK2011)
AAAI Fall Symposium
David Wood3 Round Stones Inc.
November 2011
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What isLinkedData?
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1970s 1980s 1990s
$ cat foo.txt | grep blah | sort
A neat little package Client-Server The Early Web
Silos
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Email Databases Proprietarycontainers
Silos
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Web
Universal Client
Universal Connection
Universal File System
Ubiquitous,reusable applications
URL Curation
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The Web of Documents• A global network of linked documents
• A place where anyone can say anything about anything
• A vast collection of human-readable knowledge (and opinion)
• Documents are linked, but links are not qualified
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Data Inflation
Megabyte (MB) = 220
Gigabyte (GB) = 230
Terabyte (TB) = 240 1,000GB
Petabyte (PB) = 250 1,000TB
Exabyte (EB) = 260 or 1,000PB
Zettabyte (ZB) = 270 or 1,000EB
Yottabyte (YB) = 280 or1,000ZB
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Web
Universal Client
Universal Connection
Universal Database
Logic and interlinking
Ubiquitous,reusable applications
URL Curation
of Data
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The Web of Data• A global network of linked statements
• A place where anyone can say anything about anything
• A vast collection of machine-readable knowledge (and opinion)
• Statements are linked, and links are qualified
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We’ve Seen This Before
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RDF:A data format for
the Web
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RDF is ...• Resource Description Framework
http://www.w3.org/RDF/
• A simple, powerful, data model
• Used to define relationships between things
• Designed to work with the architecture of the web
• The data model for the Web of Data
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Allow anyoneto say anythingabout anything
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
15702size
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
15702size
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
15702size
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
Web Pagea
15702size
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
Web Pagea Spacecrafta
15702size
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
Web Pagea Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
15702size
![Page 35: Linked data tutorial 20111102](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062702/554b3c4cb4c905cd2c8b4847/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
Web Pagea Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
15702size
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
Web Pagea Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
15702size
28801.0mass
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Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site
1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1
1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1
1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1
1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1
1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1
1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
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Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site
1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1
1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1
1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1
1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1
1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1
1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
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Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site
1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1
1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1
1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1
1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1
1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1
1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
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Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site
1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1
1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1
1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1
1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1
1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1
1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
Web Pagea Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
15702size
28801.0mass
![Page 42: Linked data tutorial 20111102](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062702/554b3c4cb4c905cd2c8b4847/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site
1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1
1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1
1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1
1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1
1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1
1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
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Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site
1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1
1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1
1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1
1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1
1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1
1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
ID Name
1 Cape Canaveral, United States
2 Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome), U.S.S.R
3 Xichang Space Launch Center
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Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site
1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1
1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1
1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1
1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1
1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1
1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1
1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
ID Name
1 Cape Canaveral, United States
2 Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome), U.S.S.R
3 Xichang Space Launch Center
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http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?
id=1969-059A
NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Detailstitle
23 November 2009published
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
about
Web Pagea Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
15702size
28801.0mass
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsite
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsite
Resource
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsite
Resource
Literal
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsite
Resource
LiteralPredicate
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Resources...• Represent things on the web, like web
pages — Information Resources
• Represent things not on the web, like people and places — Non-Information Resources
• Can represent anything at all
• Named using URIs (usually)
• May not have a name — Blank Nodes
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Literal Values...• Are values to work with and show
users
• Can be just a string of text — Plain Literals
• Can have a language assigned to the them using ISO codes
• Can have a specific datatype assigned to them — Typed Literals
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Predicates are...• Relationships between Resources
• Named using URIs
• Described in Schema(or vocabularies, or ontologies)
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral,
United States namelaunchsite
Statement or Triple
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral,
United States namelaunchsite
Statement or Triple
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral,
United States namelaunchsite
Subject Predicate Object
Statement or Triple
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral,
United States namelaunchsite
Subject Predicate Object
Statement or Triple
Statement or Triple
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral,
United States namelaunchsite
Subject Predicate Object
Statement or Triple
Statement or Triple
Subject Predicate Object
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsite
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsite
LiteralPredicate
Resource
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsite
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsitehttp://.../1969-059A
http://.../Spacecraft
http://.../cape+cana...
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsitehttp://.../1969-059A
http://.../Spacecraft
http://.../cape+cana...
N 28° 27' 31''latitude
W 80° 31' 59''longitude
http://.../cape+cana...
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Apollo 11 Command and Service Module
Spacecrafta
Apollo 11 Command and Service Modulename
16 July 1969launched
28801.0mass
Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, United States name
launchsitehttp://.../1969-059A
http://.../Spacecraft
http://.../cape+cana...
N 28° 27' 31''latitude
W 80° 31' 59''longitude
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Simple Rules for Merging• URIs name the resources we are
describing
• Two people using the same URI are describing the same thing
• The same URI in two datasets becomes one URI with all of the properties from both datasets
• RDF data can use URIs from many different websites
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Simple Rules for Merging• Graphs from several different sources
can be merged
• Resources with the same URI are considered identical
• No limitations on which graphs can be merged
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Linked Data can be merged with
other Linked Data
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No silos
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RDF...• is a Graph data model
XML is a tree data modelRDBMS is a table data model
• can be easily distributed
• is easily mergeable
• can say anything about anything
• is not newthe spec is from 1999the idea, EAV, stems back to the late 1960s
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The Future ofLinked Data
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YouTube HDTV
watch videos watch Better videos
Publish videos
Share videos
Rate videos
Discuss videos
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Linked Data RDBMS
Use data Use data
Publish data
Share data
Rate data
Discuss data
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Linked Data warehouses Linked Data supply chains Linked Data analytics
Coming Soon
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http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/http://3roundstones.com/linking-enterprise-data/
Further Reading
http://www.linkeddatadeveloper.com/http://3roundstones.com/linking-government-data/
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Callimachuscallimachusproject.org
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CreditsBatman Treaty Signing
(public domain)http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Batman_signs_treaty_artist_impression.jpg)
Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara
(public domain)
http://proton.ucting.udg.mx/galeria/3D/WEB.jpg
Spreadsheet PhotoCasey Serin
(CC-BY licensed)http://www.flickr.com/photos/sercasey/351617208/sizes/l/in/photostream/
LOD Cloud DiagramsRichard Cyganiak, Anja Jentzsch, (CC-BY-SA)
http://lod-cloud.net/
Earth weather analysis imageNASA Goddard SFC
CC-BYhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/4662884851/
Darkon Movie Poster, BBC screenshots, CAMC credit card image and book covers © their respective ownersand used under Fair Use for educational purposes
Darkon Movie Poster, BBC screenshots, CAMC credit card image and book covers © their respective ownersand used under Fair Use for educational purposes
All other photos and drawings © 2010-11 David Wood, released under a CC-BY-SA licenseAll other photos and drawings © 2010-11 David Wood, released under a CC-BY-SA license
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CreditsHead with 3D Glasses
Mark Chapman(CC-BY licensed)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/markchapmanphoto/5139429152/
Chasm PhotoTravis S.
(CC-BY-NC licensed)http://www.flickr.com/photos/baggis/3860802929/
Supply Chain ImageKevin Krejci
(CC-BY licensed)http://www.flickr.com/photos/kevinkrejci/6141829763/
Sharing Squirrels Imageleezie5
CC-BY-NC-ND licensed)http://www.flickr.com/photos/leeziet/5912219625/
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Thanks to
• Rob Styles, Talis Group Ltd for his CC-BY licensed “Two Day Introduction to the Web of Data” slides and spacecraft example data.
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This work is Copyright © 2011 3 Round Stones Inc.It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported LicenseFull details at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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