LINK ANALYSIS OF HIGH THROUGHPUT SPACECRAFT … · National Aeronautics and Space Administration...
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration www.nasa.gov Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency = 25.25 to 27.5 GHz Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency = 22.55 to 23.55 GHz 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Log Data Rate (Mbps) LEO User EIRP (dBW) G/T = 17 dB/K G/T = 23 dB/K (Program Track) G/T = 26.5 dB/K (Auto Track) G/T = 32 dB/K LINK ANALYSIS OF HIGH THROUGHPUT SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS FOR FUTURE SCIENCE MISSIONS RAINEE N. SIMONS, NASA GLENN RESEARCH CENTER, 21000 BROOKPARK ROAD, CLEVELAND, OHIO 44135 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 Bandwidth (MHz) Data Rate (Mbps) LEO EIRP (dBW) Data Rate (Mbps) Bandwidth (MHz) LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈30° 606 MHz 1.2 Gbps 42.4 dBW 8PSK Rate 9/10 DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP (LEO USER TERMINAL TO GROUND (WSC)) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 Bandwidth (MHz) Data Rate (Mbps) LEO EIRP (dBW) Data Rate Bandwidth LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈15° 606 MHz 1.2 Gbps 45.2 dBW 8PSK Rate 9/10 DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP (LEO USER TERMINAL TO GROUND (WSC)) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 Bandwidth (MHz) Data Rate (Mbps) LEO EIRP (dBW) Data Rate Bandwidth LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈30° 1136 MHz 1.2 Gbps 40.5 dBW QPSK Rate 7/8 DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP (LEO USER TERMINAL TO GROUND (WSC)) 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 Bandwidth (MHz) Data Rate (Mbps) LEO EIRP (dBW) Data Rate Bandwidth LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈15° 1136 MHz 1.2 Gbps 43.3 dBW QPSK Rate 7/8 DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP (LEO USER TERMINAL TO GROUND (WSC)) • In the next ten years NASA plans to launch several spacecraft into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for remote sensing of the Earth with instruments that will accumulate several hundred gigabits of data per orbit • The ability to handle such a large volume of science data per orbit far exceeds the capabilities of NASA’s current space and ground assets • The paper proposes two solutions: first, a high data rate link between the LEO spacecraft and ground via relay satellite in geostationary orbit (GEO). Second, a high data rate direct to ground link from LEO I. INTRODUCTION SPACE-TO-SPACE LINKS AND SPACE-TO-GROUND LINKS VIA RELAY SATELLITE RELAY SATELLITE EIRP VS. LEO SPACECRAFT G/T (GEO-TO-LEO K a -BAND SINGLE ACCESS FORWARD LINK) 15 25 35 45 55 65 0 5 10 15 20 25 GEO Relay EIRP (dBW) LEO User G/T (dB/K) Data Rate = 0.1 Mbps Data Rate = 1 Mbps Data Rate = 10 Mbps Data Rate = 25 Mbps Program Track EIRP = 59.5 dBW Auto Track EIRP = 63 dBW ACHIEVABLE DATA RATE VS. LEO SPACECRAFT G/T (GEO-TO-LEO K a -BAND SINGLE ACCESS FORWARD LINK) 5 10 15 20 25 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Data Rates (Mbps) LEO User G/T (dB/K) Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency = 22.55 to 23.55 GHz Auto Track EIRP = 63 dBW Program Track EIRP = 59.5 dBW RELAY SATELLITE G/T VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP (LEO-TO-GEO K a -BAND SINGLE ACCESS RETURN LINK) Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency: 25.25 to 27.5 GHz 25 Mbps 100 Mbps 600 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 20 25 30 35 40 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 GEO Relay G/T (dB/K) LEO User EIRP (dBW) Program Track 23 dB/K Auto Track 26.5 dB/K ACHIEVABLE DATA RATES VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP (LEO-TO- GEO K a -BAND SINGLE ACCESS RETURN LINK) DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. RELAY SATELLITE EIRP (60 GHZ, LDPC 9/10) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 Bandwidth (GHz) Data Rate (Gbps) EIRP (dBW) Date Rate (Gbps) Bandwidth (GHz) 8PSK 16APSK 32APSK The relay satellite to ground station down link operates at K-band frequencies (20.2 to 21.2 GHz) IV. K-BAND GEO-TO-GROUND LINK 50 55 60 65 70 25 30 35 40 45 GEO EIRP (dBW) Ground Receiver G/T (dB/K) GEO EIRP (dBW) TWT P out : 46.1 W ≈ 50 W TWT OBO: 5.3 dB TWT P sat : 156.2 W ≈ 160 W RELAY SATELLITE EIRP VS. GROUND RECEIVER G/T VI. CONCLUSIONS Results from computer simulations carried out for high-data-rate LEO-to-GEO, GEO-to-GEO, GEO-to-ground, and LEO-to-ground links to down load large volume of science data are presented PS–01620–0615 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting 19–25 July 2015 • Vancover, BC, Canada The relay satellites are located in GEO. The LEO-to-GEO link is designated as the return link (RL) to the relay satellite and operates at Ka-band (25.25 to 27.0 GHz) frequencies. The GEO-to-LEO forward link (FL) operates at K-band (22.55 to 23.55 GHz) frequencies. II. KA-BAND SPACE-TO-SPACE LEO-TO-GEO LINK LEO-TO-GEO RELAY SATELLITE LINK RL FL LEO GEO RELAY SATELLITE EIRP VS. ANTENNA DIAMETER 67 69 71 73 75 77 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 EIRP (dBW) Antenna Diameter (m) EIRP (dBW) State-of-the-Art V-Band (60 GHz) Space TWTA P out ≈ 70 Watts The forward (FL) and return (RL) links operate at V-band frequencies (59 to 64 GHz), but with opposite sense of polarization to minimize interference III. V-BAND GEO-TO-GEO INTERSATELLITE LINKS FL RL RL FL RL FL GEO GEO-TO-GEO INTERSATELLITE LINKS 62.5-64 GHz f 0 = 63.25 GHz 3 Gbps Rx (LHCP) 8-PSK waveform Ant Dia = 1.132 m Demod/ Remod LNA K-Band HPA 20.2-21.2 GHz f 0 = 20.7 GHz 3 Gbps Tx (RHCP) 32-APSK waveform Ant Dia = 2.4 m (Modeling indicates a 1 m aperture on the relay and 9m aperture on ground is adequate for K-Band) 25.25-27.50 GHz f 0 = 26 GHz 3 Gbps Rx (LHCP) 8-PSK waveform Ant Dia = 4.9 m 59-60.5 GHz f 0 = 59.75 GHz 3 Gbps Tx (RHCP) 8-PSK waveform Ant Dia = 1.132 m LNA V-Band Upconverter LO 33.75 GHz 59-60.5 GHz V-Band HPA Diplexer LO 42.55 GHz V-Band Downconverter V-Band IF Amp Pre Compensation Amp Ku-Band SA SPE XL SPE SGL Ka-Band Downconverter Ka-band Switch LO 5.3 GHz K-Band Switch TX AND RX CHAIN ONBOARD THE RELAY SATELLITE FOR SPACE-TO-SPACE LINKS AND SPACE-TO-GROUND LINKS The LEO spacecraft to a ground station down link operates at Ka-band frequencies (25.5-27.0 GHz) V. KA-BAND LEO-TO-GROUND LINK HIGH POWER HIGH EFFICIENCY TRAVELING-WAVE TUBE AMPLIFIER (TWTA) FOR SPACE-TO-GROUND LINKS International Space Station LEO Spacecraft White Sands Ground Terminal Ka-Band with Pol 1 Ka-Band with Pol 2 Relay Satellite Multi-Access Antenna Single Access Antenna (4.9 m) 26 GHz 26 GHz 20.7 GHz Space-to-Ground Link Antenna (2.4 m) 13.7 GHz White Sands Ground Terminal Intersatellite Link Antenna (1.1 m) https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20150022174 2020-02-25T17:09:48+00:00Z
Transcript of LINK ANALYSIS OF HIGH THROUGHPUT SPACECRAFT … · National Aeronautics and Space Administration...
National Aeronautics andSpace Administration
www.nasa.gov
Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency = 25.25 to 27.5 GHz Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency = 22.55 to 23.55 GHz
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G/T = 17 dB/K G/T = 23 dB/K (Program Track) G/T = 26.5 dB/K (Auto Track) G/T = 32 dB/K
LINK ANALYSIS OF HIGH THROUGHPUT SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATION SYSTEMSFOR FUTURE SCIENCE MISSIONS
RAINEE N. SIMONS, NASA GLENN RESEARCH CENTER, 21000 BROOKPARK ROAD, CLEVELAND, OHIO 44135
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LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈30°
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DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP(LEO USER TERMINAL TO GROUND (WSC))
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LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈15°
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LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈30°
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DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP(LEO USER TERMINAL TO GROUND (WSC))
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LEO User Tx Ant Dia: 0.5 m, Tx Frequency: 26 GHz, User Ant Dia: 0.5 m, G/T: 14.8 dB/K, 99% Availability at WSC, Elevation Angles: ≈15°
1136 MHz 1.2 Gbps
43.3 dBW
QPSK Rate 7/8
DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP(LEO USER TERMINAL TO GROUND (WSC))
• In the next ten years NASA plans to launch several spacecraft into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for remote sensing of the Earth with instruments that will accumulate several hundred gigabits of data per orbit• The ability to handle such a large volume of science data per orbit far exceeds the capabilities of NASA’s current space and ground assets• The paper proposes two solutions: first, a high data rate link between the LEO spacecraft and ground via relay satellite in geostationary orbit (GEO). Second, a high data rate direct to ground link from LEO
I. INTRODUCTION SPACE-TO-SPACE LINKS AND SPACE-TO-GROUND LINKSVIA RELAY SATELLITE
RELAY SATELLITE EIRP VS. LEO SPACECRAFT G/T(GEO-TO-LEO Ka-BAND SINGLE ACCESS FORWARD LINK)
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EO R
elay
EIR
P (d
BW
) LEO User G/T (dB/K)
Data Rate = 0.1 Mbps Data Rate = 1 Mbps
Data Rate = 10 Mbps Data Rate = 25 Mbps
Program Track EIRP = 59.5 dBW Auto Track EIRP = 63 dBW
ACHIEVABLE DATA RATE VS. LEO SPACECRAFT G/T(GEO-TO-LEO Ka-BAND SINGLE ACCESS FORWARD LINK)
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LEO User G/T (dB/K)
Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency = 22.55 to 23.55 GHz
Auto Track EIRP = 63 dBW Program Track EIRP = 59.5 dBW
RELAY SATELLITE G/T VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP(LEO-TO-GEO Ka-BAND SINGLE ACCESS RETURN LINK)
Waveform: QPSK, FEC Rate: 7/8, Frequency: 25.25 to 27.5 GHz
25 Mbps 100 Mbps 600 Mbps 1.2 Gbps
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ay G
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LEO User EIRP (dBW)
Program Track 23 dB/K
Auto Track 26.5 dB/K
ACHIEVABLE DATA RATES VS. LEO SPACECRAFT EIRP(LEO-TO- GEO Ka-BAND SINGLE ACCESS RETURN LINK)
DATA RATE AND BANDWIDTH VS. RELAY SATELLITE EIRP(60 GHZ, LDPC 9/10)
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The relay satellite to ground station down link operates at K-band frequencies (20.2 to 21.2 GHz)
IV. K-BAND GEO-TO-GROUND LINK
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GEO EIRP (dBW)
TWT Pout: 46.1 W ≈ 50 W TWT OBO: 5.3 dB TWT Psat: 156.2 W ≈ 160 W
RELAY SATELLITE EIRP VS. GROUND RECEIVER G/T
VI. CONCLUSIONS
Results from computer simulationscarried out for high-data-rate LEO-to-GEO,
GEO-to-GEO, GEO-to-ground, andLEO-to-ground links to down load largevolume of science data are presented
PS–01620–0615
2015 IEEE International Symposiumon Antennas and Propagation and
North American Radio Science Meeting19–25 July 2015 • Vancover, BC, Canada
The relay satellites are located in GEO. The LEO-to-GEO link is designated as the return link (RL) to the relay satellite and operates at Ka-band (25.25 to 27.0 GHz) frequencies. The GEO-to-LEO forward link (FL) operates at K-band (22.55 to 23.55 GHz) frequencies.
II. KA-BAND SPACE-TO-SPACE LEO-TO-GEO LINK
LEO-TO-GEO RELAY SATELLITE LINK
RL
FL LEO GEO
RELAY SATELLITE EIRP VS. ANTENNA DIAMETER
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P (d
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Antenna Diameter (m)
EIRP (dBW)
State-of-the-Art V-Band (60 GHz) Space TWTA Pout ≈ 70 Watts
The forward (FL) and return (RL) links operate atV-band frequencies (59 to 64 GHz), but with oppositesense of polarization to minimize interference
III. V-BAND GEO-TO-GEO INTERSATELLITE LINKS
FL
RL
RL FL
RL
FL
GEO
GEO-TO-GEO INTERSATELLITE LINKS
62.5-64 GHz f0 = 63.25 GHz 3 Gbps Rx (LHCP) 8-PSK waveform Ant Dia = 1.132 m
Demod/Remod
LNA
K-Band HPA
20.2-21.2 GHz f0 = 20.7 GHz 3 Gbps Tx (RHCP) 32-APSK waveform
Ant Dia = 2.4 m (Modeling indicates a 1 m aperture on the relay and 9m aperture on ground is adequate for K-Band)
25.25-27.50 GHz f0 = 26 GHz 3 Gbps Rx (LHCP) 8-PSK waveform Ant Dia = 4.9 m
59-60.5 GHz f0 = 59.75 GHz 3 Gbps Tx (RHCP) 8-PSK waveform Ant Dia = 1.132 m
LNA V-Band
Upconverter
LO 33.75 GHz
59-60.5 GHz
V-Band HPA
Diplexer
LO 42.55 GHz
V-Band Downconverter
V-Band IF Amp
Pre Compensation Amp
Ku-Band
SA
SPE
XL
SPE SGL
Ka-Band Downconverter
Ka-band Switch
LO 5.3 GHz K-Band Switch
TX AND RX CHAIN ONBOARD THE RELAY SATELLITE FORSPACE-TO-SPACE LINKS AND SPACE-TO-GROUND LINKS
The LEO spacecraft to a ground station down link operates at Ka-band frequencies (25.5-27.0 GHz)
V. KA-BAND LEO-TO-GROUND LINK HIGH POWER HIGH EFFICIENCY TRAVELING-WAVE TUBE AMPLIFIER (TWTA) FOR SPACE-TO-GROUND LINKS
International Space Station
LEO Spacecraft
White Sands Ground Terminal
Ka-Band with Pol 1
Ka-B
and
with P
ol 2
Relay Satellite
Multi-Access Antenna
Single Access Antenna
(4.9 m)
26 GHz
26 G
Hz
20.7
GHz
Space-to-Ground Link Antenna
(2.4 m)
13.
7 G
Hz
White Sands Ground Terminal
Intersatellite Link
Antenna (1.1 m)
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20150022174 2020-02-25T17:09:48+00:00Z
